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Series Combination

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25 views5 pages

Series Combination

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hk8728728828
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment 6

Find the voltage in series


Theory

In a series circuit, resistors are connected end-to-end, so the same current flows through each
resistor. The properties of a series circuit are as follows:

1. Total Resistance (Rtotal): The total resistance of the circuit is the sum of the individual
resistances.

(Rtotal)=R1+R2+R3+……..+Rn
2. Current (I): Since it is a series circuit, the current is the same through each resistor. It can be
calculated using the total voltage and total resistance.

I=Rtotal/Vtotal
3. Voltage Across Each Resistor (Vn): The voltage drop across each resistor is calculated
using Ohm’s law, based on the current and the individual resistor's value.

Vn=I×Rn
Circuit Diagram
Below is a simple representation of a series circuit with three resistors R1, R2, and R3:

+ ----[ R1 ]----[ R2 ]----[ R3 ]---- -


Example Calculation
Let’s calculate the voltage across each resistor and the total resistance for a series circuit with the
following values:

 R1=5Ω
 R2=10Ω
 R3=15Ω
 Total voltage supply Vtotal=60V

Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Calculate Total Resistance:
Rtotal=R1+R2+R3=5+10+15=30Ω

2. Calculate the Current in the Circuit:


Since current is the same through each resistor in a series circuit:

I=Vtotal/Rtotal=60V/30Ω=2A

Calculate Voltage Across Each Resistor:

 For R1=5Ω

V1=I×R1=2A×5Ω=10V:

 For R2=10Ω

V2=I×R2=2A×10Ω=20V

 For R3=15Ω

V3=I×R3=2A×15Ω=30V

3. Verify Total Voltage:

The sum of the voltages across each resistor should equal the total voltage supplied.

Vtotal=V1+V2+V3=10V+20V+30V=60V

Results Table

Resistor Resistance (Ω) Voltage (V) Current (A)

R1 5 10 2

R2 10 20 2

R3 15 30 2
Resistor Resistance (Ω) Voltage (V) Current (A)

Total 30 60 2

Conclusion
In a series circuit, the total resistance is the sum of all resistances, and the current
remains constant throughout the circuit. The voltage across each resistor is
proportional to its resistance.

1. Question: Calculate the voltage across a resistor R=15Ω if it is part of a


series circuit with a current of 3A flowing through it.

Answer: The voltage across a resistor in a series circuit is calculated as:

V=I×R=3A×15Ω=45V

2. Question: What is the total resistance in a series circuit if three resistors,


R1=6Ω, R2=4Ω, and R3=10Ω, are connected?

Answer: The total resistance in a series circuit is the sum of all resistances:

Rtotal=R1+R2+R3=6+4+10=20Ω

3. Question: If a total voltage of 48V is applied across the circuit with three
resistors in series (R1=4Ω, R2=8Ω, R3=12), what is the current in the
circuit?

Answer: First, calculate the total resistance:

Rtotal=4+8+12=24Ω

Then, calculate the current using Ohm's law:

I=VtotalRtotal=48V24Ω=2A

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