Report_CO633C28121373451682_2023_12_28_R_L
Report_CO633C28121373451682_2023_12_28_R_L
Report_CO633C28121373451682_2023_12_28_R_L
Thyrocare
UR House,
No. 1056C, Avinashi Road,
Coimbatore - 641018
Bio. Ref. Interval.: As per ADA Guidelines Guidance For Known Diabetics
Male : 0-15
Female : 0-20
Clinical Significance:
Homocysteine is linked to increased risk of premature coronary artery disease, stroke and thromboembolism. Moreover,
alzheimers disease, osteoporosis, venous thrombosis, schizophrenia, cognitive deficiency and pregnancy complications also
elevates Homocysteine levels.
High Values:
Elevated homocysteine levels might be due to increasing age, genetic traits, drugs, renal dysfunction and dietary deficiency of
vitamins or smoking. To lower your homocysteine, eat more green vegetables, stop smoking, alcohol. Folic acid helps lowering
elevated levels.
Specifications: Precision %CV :- Intra assay %CV- 4.5 % , Inter assay %CV-5.87 % Sensitivity : 0.4 umol/L
Clinical Significance:
Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that has been known to help the body absorb and retain calcium and phosphorous; both are critical
for building bone health.
Decrease in vitamin D total levels indicate inadequate exposure of sunlight, dietary deficiency, nephrotic syndrome.
Increase in vitamin D total levels indicate Vitamin D intoxication.
Clinical significance :
Vitamin B12 or cyanocobalamin, is a complex corrinoid compound found exclusively from animal dietary sources, such as meat, eggs
and milk. It is critical in normal DNA synthesis, which in turn affects erythrocyte maturation and in the formation of myelin sheath.
Vitamin-B12 is used to find out neurological abnormalities and impaired DNA synthesis associated with macrocytic anemias. For
diagnostic purpose, results should always be assessed in conjunction with the patients medical history, clinical examination and
other findings.
Kit Validation Reference : Thomas L.Clinical laborator Diagnostics : Use and Assessment of Clinical laboratory Results 1st Edition,TH
Books-Verl-Ges,1998:424-431
Method : Fully Automated Electrochemiluminescence Compititive Immunoassay
Please correlate with clinical conditions.
Clinical Significance: Low folate intake, malabsorption as a result of gastrointestinal diseases, pregnancy, and drugs such as
phenytoin are causes of folate deficiency.3 Folate deficiency is also associated with chronic alcoholism. Serum folate measurement
provides an early index of folate status.
Specifications: Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 7.93, Inter assay (%CV): 7.19, Sensitivity: 0.35 ng/mL.
Kit Validation References: Steinkamp RC. Vitamin B12 and folic acid: clinical and pathophysiological considerations. In: Brewster
MA, Naito HK, eds. Nutritional Elements and Clinical Biochemistry. New York: Plenum Publishing Corp.; 1980:169–240
Disclaimer: Persistent unexplained elevation of HSCRP >10 should be evaluated for non-cardiovascular etiologies such as
infection , active arthritis or concurrent illness.
Clinical significance:
High sensitivity C- reactive Protein ( HSCRP) can be used as an independent risk marker for the identification of Individuals at risk
for future cardiovascular Disease. A coronary artery disease risk assessment should be based on the average of two hs-CRP
tests, ideally taken two weeks apart.
SAMPLE COLLECTED AT :
NAME : VASUKI (41Y/F) (6416054535),R S MICRO LAB,12VEERAPANDI
REF. BY : SELF PIRIVU BUS STOP MANGAL MEDICAL BACK SIDE
TEST ASKED : AAROGYAM D PRO WITH UTSH,CRP VEERAPANDI ROAD TIRUPUR 641605,641605
Clinical Significance:
It’s a protein present in the sera of acutely ill patients that bound cell wall C-polysaccharide of streptococcus
pneumoniae and agglutinates the organisms.
CRP is one of the strongest acute -phase reactants, with plasma concentrations rising up after myocardial
infarction,stress,trauma,infection,inflammation,surgery, or neoplastic proliferation.
Concentrations >5 to 10mg/L suggest the presence of an infection or inflammatory process. Concentrations
are generally higher in bacterial than viral infection. The increase in peak is proportional to tissue damage.
Determination of CRP is clinically useful to screen activity of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid
arthritis; SLE;Leukemia;after surgery;to detect rejection in renal allograft recipients;to detect neonatal
septicemia and meningitis. However, its is a nonspecific marker and cannot be interpreted without other
Clinical Significance:
Fructosamine assay is useful in monitoring the degree of glycemia over short-to-intermediate time frames (1-3 weeks) concentration
greater than the established normal range is an indication of prolonged hyperglycemia of 1-3 weeks or longer. The higher
fructosamine value, poorer is the degree of glycemia control.
Specifications:
Precision %CV : Intra assay %CV- 3.2% , Inter assay %CV-4.0%, Sensitivity:- 290 umol/L
Howey JEA, Browning MCK, Fraser CG. Assay of serum fructosamine that minimizes standardization and matrix problems: Use to
assess components of biological va-riation. Clin Chem 1987; 33: 269- 272.
Method : NITROBLUE TETRAZOLIUM ASSAY (NBT)
BLOOD KETONE (D3HB) PHOTOMETRY 0.63 mg/dL
Bio. Ref. Interval. :
0.21-2.81 mg/dL
Clinical Significance:
Three types of ketones can be produced in body D-3- Hydroxybutyrate, Acetoacetate and Acetone. D-3- Hydroxybutyrate accounts
for approximately 75% of the ketone bodies. During periods of ketosis, D-3- Hydroxybutyrate increases more than the other two. It
has been shown to be a better index of ketoacidosis. In diabetics, D-3- Hydroxybutyrate is needed for the assessment of the
severity of diabetic coma and to calculate insulin requirements.
Speficcation:
Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 4.53, Inter assay (%CV): 2.9, Sensitivity: 10.41 mg/dL.
Clinical Significance:
Determination of LPA may be useful to guide management of individuals with a family history of CHD or with existing disease. The
levels of LPA in the blood depends on genetic factors; The range of variation in a population is relatively large and hence for
diagnostic purpose, results should always be assessed in conjunction with the patient’s medical history, clinical examination and
other findings.
Specifications:
Precision %CV :- Intra assay %CV- 4.55% , Inter assay %CV-0.86 %
Clinical significance:
Copper is an important trace element and a component of numerous enzymes and proteins involved in energy production,
connective tissue formation, melanin synthesis, iron metabolism, development of central nervous system, angiogenesis as well as
an antioxidant. Deficiency can cause- Malnourishment, cardiovascular disease, anemia & neuropathy, toxicity may be manifested
as acute renal failure, gastroenteritis & chronic liver disease.
Specifications:
Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 1.17, Inter assay (%CV): 2.32.
52 - 286
Clinical Significance:
Zinc is one of the essential trace elements in the body. Its metalloenzymes play a key rple in protein and nucleic acid synthesis,
gene expression, wound healing, as an antioxidant, etc. Deficiency can cause- Poor wound healing, gastroenteritis, impaired
spermatogenesis, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. Toxicity may be manifested as pancreatitis, gastric ulcer, anemia, pulmonary fibrosis.
Specifications:
Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 2.02, Inter assay (%CV): 2.22.
6 - 82
Clinical Significance: Clinical evaluation of serum testosterone, along with serum LH, assists in evaluation of Hypogonadal males.
Major causes of lowered testosterone in males include Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, testicular failure Hyperprolactinema,
Hypopituitarism some types of liver and kidney diseases and critical illness.
Specifications: Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 11.50 %, Inter assay (%CV): 5.70%; Sensitivity: 7 ng/dL.
Kit Validation Reference: Wilson JD Foster DW (Eds) Williams Textbook of Endocrinology 8th Edition WB Saunders Piladelphia
Pennsylvania.
Note : The Biological Reference Range mentioned is specific to the age group and gender. Kindly correlate clinically.
Interpretation:
Lipemic Sera (Hypertriglyceridemia) may contain inhibitors, Which falsely depress results. About 20% of patients with Acute
Pancreatitis have abnormal lipids. Normal serum amylase may occur in Pancreatitis, Especially relapsing and chronic pancreatitis.
Moderate increases may be reported in normal pregnancy.
Clinical Significance:
Causes of high Serum Amylase include Acute Pancreatitis, Pancreatic Pseudocyst, Pancreatic Ascites, Pancreatic Abscess,
Neoplasm in or adjacent to Pancreas, Trauma to Pancreas, and common Duct Stones. Nonpancreatic Causes include inflammatory
salivary lesions (Eg, Mumps), Perforated Peptic Ulcer, Intestinal Obstruction, Biliary Tract Disease, Peritonitis, Acute Appendicitis,
Diabetic Ketoacidosis, and Extrapancreatic Carcinomas. Amylase levels more than 25-fold the upper limit of normal are often found
when metastatic tumors produce Ectopic Amylase.
Specifications:
Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 2.82, Inter assay (%CV): 2.49, Sensitivity: 10.9 U/L.
Interpretation:
For diagnostic purposes, the results should always be assessed in conjunction with the patient’s medical history, clinical
examination and other findings like serum amylase. Serum Lipase is usually normal in patients with elevated serum amylase,
having peptic ulcer, salivary adenitis, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal obstruction, and macroamylasemia. Lipemic sera may
interfere with results.
Clinical Significance:
High serum Lipase is a specific marker for pancreatitis; after acute pancreatitis the Lipase activity increases within 4-8 hours,
reaches a peak after 24 hours and decreases after 8 to 14 days. However, there is no correlation between the Lipase activity
determined in serum and the extent of damage to the pancreas.
Specifications:
Precision: Intra assay (%CV): 3.35, Inter assay (%CV): 2.46, Sensitivity: 3.5 U/L.
Method :
CHOL - CHOLESTEROL OXIDASE, ESTERASE, PEROXIDASE
HCHO - DIRECT ENZYMATIC COLORIMETRIC
LDL - DIRECT MEASURE
TRIG - ENZYMATIC, END POINT
TC/H - DERIVED FROM SERUM CHOLESTEROL AND HDL VALUES
LDL/ - DERIVED FROM SERUM HDL AND LDL VALUES
VLDL - DERIVED FROM SERUM TRIGLYCERIDE VALUES
HD/LD - DERIVED FROM HDL AND LDL VALUES.
TRI/H - DERIVED FROM TRIG AND HDL VALUES
NHDL - DERIVED FROM SERUM CHOLESTEROL AND HDL VALUES
*REFERENCE RANGES AS PER NCEP ATP III GUIDELINES:
TOTAL CHOLESTEROL (mg/dl) HDL (mg/dl) LDL (mg/dl) TRIGLYCERIDES (mg/dl)
Method :
ALKP - MODIFIED IFCC METHOD
BILT - VANADATE OXIDATION
BILD - VANADATE OXIDATION
BILI - DERIVED FROM SERUM TOTAL AND DIRECT BILIRUBIN VALUES
GGT - MODIFIED IFCC METHOD
SGOT - IFCC* WITHOUT PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE ACTIVATION
SGPT - IFCC* WITHOUT PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE ACTIVATION
OT/PT - DERIVED FROM SGOT AND SGPT VALUES.
PROT - BIURET METHOD
SALB - ALBUMIN BCG¹METHOD (COLORIMETRIC ASSAY ENDPOINT)
SEGB - DERIVED FROM SERUM ALBUMIN AND PROTEIN VALUES
A/GR - DERIVED FROM SERUM ALBUMIN AND PROTEIN VALUES
Clinical significance:
Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and second most prevalent intracellular cation. The total body
magnesium content is about 25 g or approximately 1 mol, of which 55% reside in the skeleton. About 45% of the magnesium is
intracellular. In general higher the metabolic activity of cell, the greater is its magnesium content. Magnesium is a cofactor for
more than 300 enzymes in the body.
Disorders of magnesium metabolism are separated into those causing hypomagnesaemia/magnesium deficiencies and
hypermagnesemia. Hypomagnesaemia is common in patient in hospitals. Moderate to severe deficiency of magnesium is usually
due to loss of magnesium from the gastrointestinal (gi) tract or kidneys. One of the more serious complications of magnesium
deficiency is cardiac arrhythmia. Symptomatic hypermagnsemia is almost always caused by excessive intake, resulting from
administration of antacids, enemas, and parenteral fluids containing magnesium. Depression of neuromuscular system is the most
common manifestation of magnesium intoxication.
Method :
BUN - KINETIC UV ASSAY.
SCRE - CREATININE ENZYMATIC METHOD
B/CR - DERIVED FROM SERUM BUN AND CREATININE VALUES
CALC - ARSENAZO III METHOD, END POINT.
URIC - URICASE / PEROXIDASE METHOD
UREAC - DERIVED FROM BUN VALUE.
UR/CR - DERIVED FROM UREA AND SR.CREATININE VALUES.
SOD - ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODE
CHL - ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODE
Comments : ***
The Biological Reference Ranges is specific to the age group. Kindly correlate clinically.
Method :
Disclaimer :Results should always be interpreted using the reference range provided by the laboratory that
performed the test. Different laboratories do tests using different technologies, methods and using different
reagents which may cause difference. In reference ranges and hence it is recommended to interpret result with
assay specific reference ranges provided in the reports. To diagnose and monitor therapy doses, it is recommended
to get tested every time at the same Laboratory.
> = 90 : Normal
60 - 89 : Mild Decrease
45 - 59 : Mild to Moderate Decrease
30 - 44 : Moderate to Severe Decrease
15 - 29 : Severe Decrease
Clinical Significance
The normal serum creatinine reference interval does not necessarily reflect a normal GFR for a patient. Because mild and
moderate kidney injury is poorly inferred from serum creatinine alone. Thus, it is recommended for clinical laboratories to routinely
estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a “gold standard” measurement for assessment of renal function, and report the value
when serum creatinine is measured for patients 18 and older, when appropriate and feasible. It cannot be measured easily in
clinical practice, instead, GFR is estimated from equations using serum creatinine, age, race and sex. This provides easy to
interpret information for the doctor and patient on the degree of renal impairment since it approximately equates to the
percentage of kidney function remaining. Application of CKD-EPI equation together with the other diagnostic tools in renal
medicine will further improve the detection and management of patients with CKD.
Reference
Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF, 3rd, Feldman HI, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration
rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604-12.
~~ End of report ~~
v The reported results are for information and interpretation of the referring doctor only.
v It is presumed that the tests performed on the specimen belong to the patient; named or identified.
v Results of tests may vary from laboratory to laboratory and also in some parameters from time to time for the same
patient.
v Should the results indicate an unexpected abnormality, the same should be reconfirmed.
v Only such medical professionals who understand reporting units, reference ranges and limitations of technologies
should interpret results.
v This report is not valid for medico-legal purpose.
v Neither Thyrocare, nor its employees/representatives assume any liability, responsibility for any loss or damage that
may be incurred by any person as a result of presuming the meaning or contents of the report.
v Thyrocare Discovery video link :- https://youtu.be/nbdYeRgYyQc
v For clinical support please contact @8450950852,8450950853,8450950854 between 10:00 to 18:00
EXPLANATIONS
v Majority of the specimen processed in the laboratory are collected by Pathologists and Hospitals we call them
as "Clients".
v Name - The name is as declared by the client and recored by the personnel who collected the specimen.
v Ref.Dr - The name of the doctor who has recommended testing as declared by the client.
v Labcode - This is the accession number in our laboratory and it helps us in archiving and retrieving the data.
v Barcode - This is the specimen identity number and it states that the results are for the specimen bearing
the barcode (irrespective of the name).
v SCP - Specimen Collection Point - This is the location where the blood or specimen was collected as declared by
the client.
v SCT - Specimen Collection Time - The time when specimen was collected as declared by the client.
v SRT - Specimen Receiving Time - This time when the specimen reached our laboratory.
v RRT - Report Releasing Time - The time when our pathologist has released the values for Reporting.
v Reference Range - Means the range of values in which 95% of the normal population would fall.
SUGGESTIONS
v Values out of reference range requires reconfirmation before starting any medical treatment.
v Retesting is needed if you suspect any quality shortcomings.
v Testing or retesting should be done in accredited laboratories.
v For suggestions, complaints or feedback, write to us at info@thyrocare.com or call us on
022-3090 0000 / 6712 3400
v SMS:<Labcode No.> to 9870666333
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