pb set1
pb set1
pb set1
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each,
Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks
each, Section D contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three
long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
SECTION A
1 Two nuclei have their mass numbers in the ratio of 1 : 27. What is the ratio of their nuclear densities ? 1
21 What is refractive index. Give its physical significance.Derive an expression for lateral displacement 2
through glass slab. OR
Derive lens makers formula for convex lens
SECTION C
22 Plot a graph showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number. Which 3
property of nuclear force explains the approximate constancy of binding energy in the range 30 < A <
170? How does one explain the release of energy in both processes of nuclear fission and fusion from the
graph?
23 A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. After sometime, the battery is disconnected and a 3
dielectric slab with its thickness equal to the plate separation is inserted between the plates. How will
(i)the capacitances of the capacitor,
(ii)potential difference between the plates and
(iii)the energy stored in the capacitors be affected? Justify your answer in each case
24 The energy levels of an atom are as shown here. (a)Which of them will result in the transition of a 3
photon of wavelength 275 nm?
(b) Which transition corresponds to emission of radiation of maximum wavelength?
25 Two cells of emfs E1 and E2 and internal resistances 𝑟1 and r2 respectively are connected in parallel as 3
shown in the figure. Deduce the expression for the (i) equivalent emf of the combination (ii) equivalent
internal resistance of the combination (iii) potential difference between the points A and B.
26 Two long straight parallel conductors carrying currents I1 and I2 are separated by a distance d. If the 3
currents are flowing in the same direction, show how the magnetic field produced by one exerts an
attractive force on the other. Obtain the expression for this force.
27 Sketch a schematic diagram depicting oscillating electric and magnetic fields of an EM wave 3
propagating along positive Z-direction. Name the EM waves which s suitable for radar systems used in
aircraft navigation. Write the range of frequency of these waves. Write two properties of electromagnetic
waves.
28 Define mutual inductance and write its SI unit. Two circular loops, one of small radius r and other of 3
larger radius R, such that R >> r, are placed coaxially with centres coinciding. Obtain the mutual
inductance of the arrangement.
SECTION-D
29 Consider a thin p-type silicon (p-Si) semiconductor wafer. By adding precisely a small quantity of 4
pentavalent impurity, part of the p-Si wafer can be converted into n-Si. There are several processes by
which a semiconductor can be formed. The wafer now contains p-region and n- region and a
metallurgical junction between p-, and n- region. Two important processes occur during the formation of
a p-n junction: diffusion and drift. We know that in an n-type semiconductor, the concentration of
electrons (number of electrons per unit volume) is more compared to the concentration of holes.
Similarly, in a p-type semiconductor, the concentration of holes is more than the concentration of
electrons. During the formation of p-n junction, and due to the concentration gradient across p-, and n-
sides, holes diffuse from p- side to n-side (p → n) and electrons diffuse from n-side to p-side (n →
p).This motion of charge carries gives rise to diffusion current across the junction
(i) The depletion layer in the pn junction region is caused by
(a) drift of holes (b) diffusion of charge carriers
(c) migration of impurity ions (d) drift of electrons
(ii) Which of the following is true about p type semiconductor?
a) concentration of electrons is less than that of holes.
b)concentration of electrons is more than that of holes. c)concentration
of electrons equal to that of holes. d)None of these
(iii) Which of the following is the reason about diffusion current?
a) diffusion of holes from p to n b)diffusion of electrons from n to p
c) both (a) and (b) d) None of these
(iv)The mobility of conduction electrons is greater than that of holes since electrons is greater than that
of holes since electrons.
(a) are negatively charged. (b) are lighter
(c) require smaller energy for moving through the crystal lattice.
(d) Undergo smaller number of collisions.
Or
In a p-type semiconductor, the acceptor valence band is
(a) close to the valence band of the host crystal
(b) close to conduction band of the host crystal
(c) below the conduction band of the host crystal
(d) above the conduction band of the host crystal
30 Total internal reflection is the phenomenon of reflection of light into denser medium at the 4
interface of denser medium with a rarer medium. For this phenomenon to occur necessary
condition is that light must travel from denser to rarer and angle of incidence in denser
depends on nature of medium and wave length of light. We can show that 𝜇=1/sinc.
medium must be greater than critical angle(C) for the pair of media in contact. Critical angle
(i) Which of the following is not due to total internal reflection? a) Working of optical
fibre b) Difference between apparent and real depth of a pond c)Mirage on hot
summer days d)Brilliance of diamond
(ii) Under what conditions does the total internal reflection occur?
(iii) Name the phenomenon on which working of the optical fibre depends and draw a
labeled diagram of an optical fibre to show the light propagation through optical
fibre using this phenomenon.
(iv) A right angled crown glass prism with critical angle 45° is placed before an object,
PQ, in two position as shown in the figure (i) and (ii). Trace the paths of the rays
from P and Q passing through the prism in the two cases.
SECTION E
31 (a) Deduce the expression for the potential energy of a system of two charges q1 and q2 located r1 and r2 , 5
respectively, in an external electric field.
(b) Three point charges, + Q, + 2Q and – 3Q are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of
side l. If these charges are displaced to the mid-point A1, B1 and C1, respectively, find the amount of the
work done in shifting the charges to the new locations.
Or
a) Define electric flux. Write its S.I unit. Consider two hollow concentric spheres, S 1 and S2, enclosing
charges 2Q and 4Q respectively as shown in the figure. (i) Find out the ratio of the electric flux through
them. (ii) How will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change if a medium of dielectric constant 'εr' is
introduced in the space inside S1 in place of air ? Deduce the necessary expression.
b)Using Gauss’s theorem derive an expression for electric field due to thin infinite sheet of charge.
32 (a) An a.c. source generating a voltage v = vm sin ω t is connected to a capacitor of capacitance C. Find 5
the expression for the current, i, flowing through it. Plot a graph of v and i versus to show that the
current is π/2 ahead of the voltage.
(b)A resistor of 200Ω and a capacitor of 15.0 µF are connected in series to a 220 V, 50 Hz a.c. source.
Calculate the current in the circuit and the rms voltage across the resistor and the capacitor. Is the
algebraic sum of these voltages more than the source voltage? If yes, resolve the paradox.
33 a)Draw a schematic diagram of a step-up transformer. Explain its working principle. Deduce the 5
expression for the secondary to primary voltage in terms of the number of turns in the two coils. In an
ideal transformer, how is this ratio related to the currents in the two coils?
(b)The primary coil of an ideal step up transformer has 100 turns and transformation ratio is also 100.
The input voltage and power are respectively 220 V and 1100 W. Calculate
(a) number of turns in secondary (b) current in primary
(c) voltage across secondary (d) current in secondary
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each,
Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks
each, Section D contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three
long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
SECTION A
1 The ratio of current density and electric field is 1
(a) resistivity (b) conductivity (c) drift velocity (d) mobility
2 If the beams of electrons and protons move parallel to each other in the same direction, then they 1
(a) attract each other. (b) repel each other.
(c) no relation. (d) neither attract nor repel.
3 Which of the following electromagnetic waves are used in telecommunication? 1
(a) X – rays (b) Infrared (c) Micro waves (d) Ultra violet
4 When hydrogen atom is in its first excited level, then its radius is__________ 1
(a) Same (b) half (b) Twice (d) four times
5 Density of a nucleus is 1
(a) more for lighter elements and less for heavier elements.
(b) more for heavier elements and less for lighter elements
(c) very less compared to ordinary matter
(d) a constant
6 Which of the following phenomena is used in optical fibres? 1
(a) Total internal reflection (b) Scattering (c) Diffraction (d) Refraction
7 The work function of caesium is 2.14 eV. Find the wavelength of the incident light if the photocurrent is 1
brought to zero by a stopping potential of 0.60 volt
(a) 454 nm (b) 640 nm (c) 540 nm (d) None of these
8 Transformer works on the principle of: 1
(a) convertor (b) invertor (c) mutual induction (d) self-induction
9 If the refractive index of the medium with respect to air is √ 2 . find the value of critical angle 1
(a) 30 (b) 45 (c) 50 (d) 60
10 A bar magnet of magnetic moment M is cut into two parts of equal length. The magnetic moment of each 1
part will be
(a) M (b) 0.5M (c) 2M (d) 3M
11 If the magnetic flux linked with a coil through which a current of x A is set up is y Wb, then the coefficient 1
of self inductance of the coil is
(a) (x – y) henry (b) x / y henry (c) y / x henry (d) x y henry
12 Wire R carrying a current 2I and wire Q carrying a current I are parallel and a distance d apart. The 1
magnitude of magnetic field due to wire R , at a point P equidistant from each wire is
(a) Greater than that of wire Q (b) less than that of wire Q
(c) Infinity (d) Zero
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
13 Assertion(A) : Photoelectric saturation current increases with the increase in frequency of incident light. 1
Reason(R) : Energy of incident photons increases with increase in frequency and as a result photoelectric
current increases.
14 Assertion (A) : Silicon is preferred over germanium for making semiconductor devices. 1
Reason (R) : The energy gap for germanium is more than the energy gap for silicon
15 Assertion (A)- Electric flux through closed spherical surface enclosing an electric dipole is zero. 1
Reason (R) - Net charge enclosed inside a spherical surface when a dipole is inside it is zero.
16 Assertion (A): The image formed by a concave mirror is certainly real if the object is virtual. 1
Reason (R): The image formed by a concave mirror is certainly virtual if the object is real.
SECTION B
17 Name the following constituent radiations of electromagnetic spectrum which (i) are used in satellite 2
communication/in radar and geostationary satellite (ii) are used for studying crystal structure of solids
(iii) are similar to the radiations emitted during decay of radioactive nuclei (iv) used for water
purification/ are absorbed from sunlight by ozone layer.
18 What is magnetic dipole? Define dipole magnetic moment and give its SI unit. 2
19 Using the Rydberg formula, Calculate the wavelength of the first spectral line in the Balmer 2
series.
20 Draw energy band diagram for p type semiconductor. Mark its Fermi energy level also. 2
21 Draw the circuit diagram of a full-wave rectifier using p-n junction diode. Show the output 2
input wave forms.
SECTION C
22 Define the current sensitivity of galvanometer. Write its S.I. unit. 3
23 (a)Draw a graph showing the variation of photo current with (i) intensity and (ii) frequency. 3
(b) The work function of sodium is 2.3 eV . Does sodium show photoelectric effect with orange
light of wavelength 6800 Å .
24 Derive lens maker’s formula for convex lens. 3
25 A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery which is then disconnected A dielectric slab is then 3
inserted in the space between the plates. Explain what changes, if any occur in the value of a)
capacitance b) potential difference between the plates c) electric field between the plates d) energy
stored in the capacitor.
26 Using Rutherford model of the atom, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in 3
hydrogen atom. What is the significance of total negative energy possessed by the electron?
27 Explain with the help of diagram the formation of depletion region and barrier potential in a p-n 3
junction.
OR
What is a rectifier. Draw circuit diagram of half wave rectifier. Explain its working.
28 Draw energy level diagram of n-type and p-type semiconductor at temperature T> 0 K. Mark the donar 3
and acceptor energy level with their energies.
SECTION-D
29 In 1924, the French physicist Louis Victor de Broglie (1892-1987) put forward the bold 4
hypothesis that moving particles of matter should display wave-like properties under suitable
conditions. He reasoned that nature was symmetrical and that the two basic physical entities –
matter and energy, must have symmetrical character. If radiation shows dual aspects, so should
matter. De Broglie proposed that the wave length λ associated with a particle of momentum p
is given as λ =h/p=h/mv. From this equation λ is smaller for a heavier particle (large m) or more
energetic particle (large v). The de Broglie wavelength of macroscopic objects is so small that it
is beyond any measurement. This is the reason why macroscopic objects in our daily life do not
show wavelike properties. On the other hand, in the sub-atomic domain, the wave character of
particles is significant and measurable. de Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated by a
potential difference ‘V’ can be calculated by λ =1.227/√V nano metre More recently, in 1989,
the wave nature of a beam of electrons was experimentally demonstrated in a double-slit
experiment, similar to that used for the wave nature of light. Also, in an experiment in 1994,
interference fringes were obtained with the beams of iodine molecules, which are about a
million times more massive than electrons. The de Broglie hypothesis has been basic to the
development of modern quantum mechanics. It has also led to the field of electron optics. The
wave properties of electrons have been utilised in the design of electron microscope which is a
great improvement, with higher resolution, over the optical microscope.
i. Name the suitable conditions in which matter display wave nature.
ii. Why the phenomenon of interference is used to demonstrate the wave nature of
matter experimentally?
iii. An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 100 volt. Calculate the
frequency of de Broglie wavelength of this electron.
iv. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a ball of mass 0.12 kg moving with a speed
of 20 m s–1 , Planks constant h= 6.63 10 x 10-34Js and show that the de Broglie
wavelength of macroscopic objects is beyond any measurement.
30 A lens is a transparent medium surrounded by two surfaces, at least one of which must be curved. If the 4
gap between the two surfaces is very small, the lens is said to be very thin. The lens converges when the
focal length is positive and diverges when the focal length is negative. Therefore, we can conclude from
this that the convex lens is not necessarily converging, and the concave lens is not necessarily
diverging.The relation between the focal length of the lens, the refractive index of its material, and the
radii of curvature of its two surfaces is known as the lens maker's formula. In this article, we will
understand about lens maker’s formula, lens maker equation, Focal Length and Radius of Curvature.
i) A converging lens of refractive index 1.5 is kept in a liquid medium having same refractive index.
What would be the focal length of the lens in this medium?
ii)When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, the speed decreases. Does this decrease in speed
simply a decrease in the energy carried by the light wave? Justify your answer.
iii) The radii of curvature of the faces of a double convex lens are 10 cm and 15 cm. If focal length of the
lens is 12 cm, find the refractive index of the material of the lens .
SECTION E
31 (a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle and working of a moving coil 5
galvanometer. (b) What is the importance of a radial magnetic field and how is it produced?
OR
(a)What happens when a moving charge is placed in (i)uniform electric field E, (ii) uniform
magnetic field B (iii) perpendicular E and B.
(b)Derive the expression for radius, frequency, time period, angular frequency and kinetic
energy for a charged particle ‘q’ moving in uniform magnetic field ‘B’
32 (a) What is total internal reflection? Give conditions for it and derive relation between critical angle and 5
refractive index.
(b) A mark placed on the surface of glass sphere is viewed through glass from an oppositely directed
position. If the diameter of the sphere is 20cm , find the position of image. R I of glass is 1.5.
33 (a)State Ampere’s circuital law. Use this law to find magnetic field due to straight infinite 5
current carrying wire. How are the magnetic field lines different from the electrostatic field
lines?
(b) Two long, straight, parallel conductors carry steady currents, I1 and I2, separated by a
distance d. If the currents are flowing in the same direction, show how the magnetic field set
up in one produces an attractive force on the other? Obtain the expression for this force.