POINT & STRAIGHT LINE

EXERCISE # 2
x y
1. =1
6 8

N1(0, 8)

M3(6, 0)
O2(0, 0)

(4, 4)

A ( POM) = A (PON) = A (PMN)

P OMN
0 6 0 0 0 8 8
P , P 2,
3 3 3
Excentre. IN = (4 , 4)
So Radius, distance from IN to y = 0 line.
r = 4 unit

A(h, k)
2.

(1, 2)
P

B(4, 3) C( 2, 5)
m k 2 m 8
AP h 1 & BC 6
k 2 4
1
h 1 3
4 ( k 2) = 3 (h 1)
3h 4k = 5 ....(1)
m m
AC BP
1
5 k 5
1
2 h 3
5 (5 k) = 3( 2 h)
25 5k = 6 3h
3h 5k = 31 ....(2)
from equation (1) & (2)
(h , k) = (33, 26)
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 130
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
k 1
A(p, q) P( 5, 1) Q(3, 5)
3. A

B(1, 5) C(17, 2)

p q 1
1
1 5 1 2
2
7 2 1
7p q (1 7) + 1( 2 35) = 4
7p + 6q = 4 + 37 7p + 6q = 4 + 37
7p + 6q = 41 . (1) 7p + 6q = 33 ..(2)
3k 5 5k 1
A= , (p, q)
k 1 k 1
From equation (1)
3k 5 5k 1
7 6 41
k 1 k 1
21k 35 + 30k + 6 = 41 (k + 1)
51k 29 = 41k + 41
10k = 70
k=7
From equation (2)
3k 5 5k 1
7 6 33
k 1 k 1
21k 35 + 30k + 6 = 33 (k + 1)
51k 29 = 33k + 33
18k = 33+ 29
62 31 31
k k
18 9 9

m n
4.
(1,3) (3,5) (7,9)
7m n
3
m n
7m + n = 3m + 3n
4m = 2n
m 1
n 2

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 131
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
Q
B (h, h)
P (7, 9)
A (3, 5)
(1 ,3)
2 1 1
AB AP AQ
( Q divides. AB in 1 : 2 externally for Harmonic conjugate)
1 7 21 19 2 3
h, k ,
1 2 1 2
5 3
, = ( 5, 3)
1 1

5. 5x y 4 = 0
r
r
(1, 5)

3x + 4y 4 = 0

x 1 y 5
±r
cos sin
x = rcos + 1 & y= rsin + 5
5x y 4 = 0 3x + 4y 4 = 0
5 (rcos + 1) (rsin + 5) 4 = 0 3 ( rcos +1 ) +4 ( rsin +5) 4 = 0
5rcos + 5 rsin 5 4=0 3rcos +3 4rsin + 20 4 = 0
4 19
r= ....(1) r= ....(2)
5cos sin 3cos 4sin

From equation (1) & (2)

4 19
=
5cos sin 3cos 4sin
12cos + 16sin = 19 × 5cos 19sin
5sin = 83cos
83
tan
35
equation required line.
(y 5) = tan (x 1)
83
(y 5) = x 1
35
35y 175 = 83x 83 83x 35y + 92 = 0
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 132
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
6. y=x+3, Parametric point of the line (h , h + 3)
h h 3 1 h h 3 1
1
2 1 1 5 2 1 1 10
2
3 2 1 3 2 1
h 2 h 2 0
1 3 0 10
3 2 1
3h 6 + h + 2 = 10
4h 4 = 10
7 3
h= ,
2 2
7 13 3 3
Vertex , and ,
2 2 2 2
a>b
7.
(0,a)
(0,b) ab ab
,
B (0,B) a b a b
h, k

(b,0) (a,0) A
(A,0)
(bx + ay = ab) a
(ax + by = ab) b
abx + a2y = a2b
abx + b2y = ab2

(a2 b2)y = ab (a b)
(a + b)y = ab
ab
ab a ab
a b y
x
b a b
a2 a 2 ab a 2 ab
x a = =
a b a b a b
equation of AB line
B
(x 0) = Y A
A
Ax = By AB
Ax + By AB = 0 ( A = 2h, B = 2k)

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 133
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
ab ab
A B AB
a b a b
ab ab ab
2h 2k 4hk 2 h k 4hk
a b a b a b
ab 2hk
a b h k
a b h k
ab 2hk
2xy (a +b) = ab (x+y)

(h, k)

8.

(2, 1)

(1, 5)

x y 6 = 0 ....(1) x + 2y 4 = 0 ....(3)
2x + y + 3 = 0 ....(2) 3x 2y 4 = 0 ....(4)
From equation (1) & (2) From equation (3) & (4)
x=1 y= 5 x=2 y=1
k 5 k 1
1
h 1 h 2
k2 + 4k 5 = h2 + 3h 2
h2 + k2 3h + 4k 3 = 0
x2 + y2 3x + 4y 3 = 0

(3)
.........
.
5 4 9...
9. A(0, 0) B , 7y
3 3 11x

4 +5 = 0 .(2)
2 7
C , 0
3 3

7 +2 = 0 .(1) 1 1
,
2 2

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 134
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
4x 5y 0
(0, 0) intersecting point
7x 2y 0
Solve equation (2) & (3)
5 4
We get B ,
3 3
Solve equation (1) & (3)
2 7 1 1
We get A , mid point O ,
3 3 2 2
Required equation AO
1
y 0 2 x 0 x y=0
1
2

10. A(0, 12)

P(4, 6)

(0, 0) B(8, 0)

13 (0, 1) y= 1
C , 1
2
3x + 2y = 24
m 12 3
AB
8 2
m 2
PC
3
Equation of PC
2
y 6 x 4
3
3y 18 = 2x 8
2x 3y + 10 = 0 (Required line)
Solve this with y = 1
We get,
13
x
2
1
Ar AB = × Base × height
2
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 135
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
1
= AB PC
2
2
1 13 1 637
= 144 64 × 72 4 = 208 = 91 sq. unit
2 2 2 2

11. (y 2) = tan x 3
6
1
(y 2) = x 3 3x 4y 8 0 .(2)
3
3y 2 3 x 3
x 3y 3 0 ....(1)
From equation (1) & (2)
x =4 3 , y=5
then Q = 4 3,5
2 2
PQ = 4 3 3 32 = 3 3 9 = 9 3 9 = 3 4 unit = 3 × 2 = 6

12.
B(0, 18)

a c

C (0, 0) b A(24, 0)

a = 18, b = 24, c = 30
a2 + b2 = c2
a a a .
0 0 24 18 0 0
Centroid = , = (8, 6)
3 3
0 24 0 18
Circum centre = , = (12, 9)
2 2
ax1 bx 2 cx 3 ay1 by2 cy3
Centre = ,
a b c a b c
18 24 0 0 0 24 18 0 432 432
= , = , = ( 6, 6 )
18 24 30 18 24 30 72 72

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 136
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
8 6 1 4 3 0
1 1 1 4 3 1
A a = 12 9 1 = 6 3 0 = = 12 18 = 3 sq. unit
2 2 2 6 3 2
6 6 1 6 6 1

y = mx+c
13. A(1, 3)
or
y=2x +c
O
(3,2)

B(5, 1)
O must satisfy the equation
y = 2x + c
2 = 6 +c
c= 4
y = 2x 4 (Required equation of line)
tan = 2
2 1
sin = & cos =
5 5
AO = 4 1 5
x 3 y 2
5
cos sin
x 5 cos 3 , y 5 sin 2
1 2
x 5 3, y 5 2
5 5
Required points are (4, 4) & (2, 0)

14. (0, c)

(0,0) (5c, 0)

5x y = 1
y = 5x 1
1
m = 5, Slope of normal m'
5
Let required lines is
y = mx + c

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 137
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
x
y= c
5
5y = x + 5c .(1)
0 c 1
1
Area = 0 0 1 5
2
5c 0 1
C=± 2
for C = 2 , x + 5y 5 2 = 0
for C = 2, x + 5y + 5 2 = 0

L2 L1
15. (0,3)

7x y+3= 0 (1, 10) L3

m1 = 7 x + y 3=0
m2 = 1
7x y + 3 = 0 ....(1)
x + y 3 = 0 ....(2)
From equation (1) & (2)
intersection point is (0, 3)
angle between L1 & L2 = angle between L2 & L3
m 7 m 1
1 7m 1 m
m 7 m 1
1 7m 1 m
Case–(1)
(m 7) (1 m) = (m +1) (1+7m)
m 7 m2 + 7m = m +1 + 7m2 + 7m
8 = 8m2 = m2 = 1 [ not acceptable]
Case – (II)
(m 7) (1 m) = (m+1) (1+7m)
m 7 m2 + 7m = m 1 7m2 7m
6m2 + 14m + 2m 6 = 0
6m2 + 16m 6 = 0
3m2 + 8m 3 = 0
(m + 3) (3m 1) = 0
1
m = 3 or m =
3

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 138
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
Equation of line L3 ,
y + 10 = m(x 1)
3x + y = 7 & x 3y = 31

A
16. (1, 2)
L1 L2
x y+5=0 x + 2y= 0

B C 11 2
(h, k) ( 7, 6) (h',k') ,
5 5

Find the point B & C by using mirror image concept for calculating point B
h 1 k 2 21 2 5
1 1 1 1
h 1 k 2
2 4
1 1
h= 7 & k=6
For calculating point C
h' 1 k' 2 21 4
1 2 1 4
6 11 2
h' 1 & k' =
5 5 5
Equation of BC
2 28
6
y 6 5 x 7 y 6 5 x 7
11 46
7
5 5
14
y 6 x 7
23
23y 138 = 14x 98
14x + 23y = 40

A (1, 1)
17.

B (4, 2) C (5,5)
Equation of AC
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 139
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
4
y 1 x 1
4
y 1=x 1
x y=0 .(1)
Equation of Bisector Equation of AB
x y x y 2 3
y 1 x 1 x+y=2 .(2)
1 1 1 1 3
x y x y 2
2 2
x y = (x + y 2)
x y=x+y 2
2 = 2y
y=1 . (3)
x y= x y+2
2x = 2
x =1 .(4)
Which one is interior bisector
7
Equation of BC , y 5 x 5
1
y 5 = 7x 35
7x y 30 = 0 .(5)
Solve equation (5) with (3)
7x = 31
31
x 4,5 (Acceptable)
7
So, required bisector y = 1
m = 0 & m' =
Equation of CD line
x 5=0 Required line.

A
(1, 2)
18.
0

L2
y

x
2x

G (2, 3)
y
3
1
L

B(t1, 2t1) C (t2, 3 t2)

L=0
(3, 6) (2, 1)
1 t1 t 2
(a) 2 t1 + t 2 = 5 . (1)
3

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 140
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
2 2t1 3 t 2
3
3
2t1 t2 = 4 . (2)
from equation (1) & (2)
t1 = 3 & t2 = 2
then side L = 0
6 1
m= =5
3 2
2 4
A ,
3 3

(b)
0

E
y
2x

H
x
(2, 3)
y
2
0

B C
D
L1 : 2x + y = 0
L2 : x y + 2 = 0
4
3
slope of AH line = 3 = 5
2 8
2
3
8
Slope of BC line =
5
Slope of AC line = 1
So, slope of BE line = 1
Equation of line BE
(y 3) = 1 (x 2)
x+y=5 ..(3)
Solve this with 2x + y = 0
We get ( 5, 10) as point B.
So, required equation of line BC
8
y 10 x 5
5
x y
8x + 5y = 10 1 y intercept = 2
5 2
4

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 141
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
A( 1, 2)
(c)
x+y 1=0 2x y+4=0

S (2, 1)
B C
(t1, 1 t1) (t2, 2t2 + 4)
(3, 2) 3 14
,
5 5
Solve equation x + y 1 = 0
2x y + 4 = 0
We get ( 1, 2)
AS = 9 1 10
2
2
BS = 10 AS2
(t1 2)2 + (1 t1 1)2 = 10
t12 2t1 3 0 (t1 3) (t1 + 1) = 0
t1 = 1 (This give point A) & t1 = 3 Point B (3, 2)
2
CS = 10
(t2 2)2 + (2t2 + 4 1)2 = 10
5t 22 8t 2 3 0
(t2 + 1)(5t2 +3) = 0
3 3 14
t2 = 1 (point A) t2 point C ,
5 5 5
14
2
Equation of line BC, y 2 5 x 3 4x + 3y 6 = 0
3
3
5
x y 3
= 1 x intercept
3 2 2
2

reflection about x axis about y = x

19. Q (3, 2)
P(3,2)
h 3 k 2 2 3 2
1 1 2
2 1
h 3 2
2
k= 1 2= 3
( 2, 3) about R (2, 3)
origin

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 142
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
1 3 3 2 2 3
Ar =
2 2 2 3 3 2
1
= 6 9 6 4 6 4 6 9
2
1
= 13 17 = 15 sq. unit
2

B 3 3

20.

2 3 2 3
I

O (0, 0) A (6,0)
6
6 3 2 3 0 2 3 6 6 3 2 3 0 2 3 0
I ,
6 4 3 6 4 3

18 12 3 6 3
I ,
6 4 3 2 3 2 3

3
I 3,
2 3
Area of IOA

0 0 1
1
6 0 1
2
3
3 1
2 3

1 18 9 2 3 9 2 3
Expand along R1 = =
2 2 3 2 3 2 3 4 3
= 18 9 3 = 9 (2 3 ) 9(a b)
=a+b=2+3=5

21. (a) 2x2 + 3xy 2y2 10x + 15y 28 = 0

(x + 2y + c1) (2x y + c2) = 0
Required lines are
x + 2y 7 = 0 ...(A)
2x y + 4 = 0 (B)
H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 143
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE
Intersection point is
1 18
x ,y
5 5
rd
3 line y = 3x .( )
(b) Solve equation (A) & (C) (1, 3)
Equation (B) & (C) (4, 12)

1 3 1 1 3 1
1 1
Area 4 12 1 = 0 0 3
2 2
1 18 1 18
1 1
5 5 5 5
1 3
1
= 3 1 18
2
5 5
1 18 3 1 21 63
= 3 = 3 = square unit
2 5 5 2 5 10

C
(4, 12)

(21)
(h,k)

1 18 90o
, x + 2y 7 = 0
5 5 A B 1
2x y + 4 = 0 (1,3) y = 3x m2 2
m1 = 2 m3 = 3

x + 2y 7 =0
2x y + 4 = 0
y = 3x
1
tan = 7 cot = & cot =7
7
1 50
cot + cot + cot 90o = +7+0 =
7 7

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 144
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 POINT & STRAIGHT LINE

(C) Inradius =
s
2 2
18 1 3
AB = 3 1 =
5 5 5
2 2
18 1 21
AC = 12 4
5 5 5
BC = 81 9 90
3 21
3 10
5 5 24 15 2
S= =
2 2 5
63 2 5
r =
10 3 8 5 2

21 5 8 5 2 21 5 8 5 2
r = r =
5 64 50 5 14
3 5 3 5 3
r = 8 5 2 r = 8 5 2 r = 8 5 5 10
2 5 10 10

22. x2 + y2 + 6x 10y + 1 = 0 line passes through (1, 0) having slope m.

Homogenization y = m(x 1)
2
2 2 mx y mx y mx y
x y 6x 10y 0 mx y=m
m m m
2
2 6mx 2 6xy 10mxy 10y
2 m2 x 2 y 2 2mxy mx y
x y 0 1
m m m2 m
m2x2 + m2y2 + 6m2x2 6mxy 10m2xy + 10my2 + m2x2 + y2 2mxy = 0
8m2x2 + ( 10m2 8m)xy + y2 (m2 + 10m +1) = 0
For subtending right angle.
coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0
8m2 + m2 + 10m + 1 = 0
9m2 + 10m + 1 = 0
(m +1) (9m+1) = 0
1
m= 1 & m
9
then required equation y = 1 (x 1)
x+y=1
1
y x 1 x + 9y = 1
9

H.O. 92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) Mob.97831-97831, 70732-22177, Ph. 0744-2423333 145
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