EXPERIMENT NO: 4 Aim:- Implementation and Verification of Decoder/De-Multiplexer and Encoder using Logic Gates. APPARATUS REQUIRED: IC 7447, 7-segment display, IC 74139 and connecting leads. BRIEF THEORY: ENCODER: An encoder is a device, circuit, transducer, software program, algorithm or person that converts information from one format or code to another, for the purposes of standardization, speed, secrecy, security, or saving space by shrinking size. An encoder has M input and N output lines. Out of M input lines only one is activated at a time and produces equivalent code on output N lines. If a device output code has fewer bits than the input code has, the device is usually called an encoder. For example Octal-to-Binary Encoder take 8 inputs and provides 3 outputs, thus doing the opposite of what the 3-to-8 decoder does. At any one time, only one input fine has a value of 1. The figure below shows the truth table of an Octal-to-binary encoder. For an 8-to-3 binary encoder wit Y0-Y2 are: inputs 10-17 the logic expressions of the outputs YO=11 +13 +15 +17 YIFI2+1B +16 +17 Y2=14+15 +16-+17 DECODER; A decoder is a device which does the reverse operation of an encoder, undoing the encoding so that the original information can be retrieved. The same method used to encode is usually just reversed in order to decode. It is a combinational circuit that converts binary information from n input lines to a maximum of 2* unique output lines. In digital electronics, a decoder can take the form of a multiple-input, multiple-output logic circuit that converts coded inputs into coded outputs, where the input and output codes are different. e.g. n-to-2", binary-coded decimal decoders. Enable inputs must be on for the decoder to function, otherwise its outputs assume a single "disabled" output code word. In case of decoding all combinations of three bits eight (2°=8) decoding gates are required. This type of decoder is called 3-8 decoder because 3 inputs and 8 outputs. For any input combination decoder outputs are 1. DEMULTIPLEXER: Demultiplexer means generally one into many. A demultiplexer is @ logic circuit with one input and many outputs. By applying control signals, we can steer the input signal to one of the output lines. The ckt. has one input signal, m control SSS Department of EEE 2022-23signal and n output signals, Where 2" = m. It functions as an electronic switch to route an incoming data signal to one of several outputs, LOGIC DIAGRAM: 3:8 Decoder Octal to Binary Encoder ” PROCEDURE: 1) Connect the circuit as shown in figure. 2) Apply Vee & ground signal to every IC, 3) Observe the input & output according to the truth table. OBSERVATION TABLE: lo Department of EEE "2022-23igital Electronics L: KEE-45: SS ——— Truth table for Decoder ‘Ouiputs: Ds | Deo: 0 ‘Output function abe 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Be abe | abe | al Truth table for Encoder Truth fable for Demux DMR RAR 5 Bi OTRIRTS het Output select Lies | Output - hifofepoloforotorott St So |_ selected Hop oepopore pope ofoferpopepoy op ot tt ! 2 o vofofoi repel epr pope 0 1 | oO oofelolon ore pr poe Tlolofopereaey tayo u o eo oporofolobopore epee 1 1 Os RESULT: Encoder! decoder and demultiplexer have been studied and verified. PRECAUTIONS: 1)_ Make the connections according to the IC pin diagram. 2)/‘The connections should be tight. Pe 3) The Vee and ground should be applied carefully at the specified pin only, Quiz Questions with answer. Q. 1 What do you understand by decoder? Semshee J Ans. A decoder is a combinational circuit that converts binary inforination from n input lines to a maximum of 2n unique output lines. Most IC decoders include one or more enable inputs to control the circuit operation, Q. 2 What is demultiplexer? Ans. The demultiplexer is the inverse of the multiplexer, in that it takes a single data input and n address inputs. It has 2° outputs, The address input determine which data 3 ——_—_—_—_—_——— Department of EEE, 2022-23