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Jdbc Part-1 (1)

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37 views6 pages

Jdbc Part-1 (1)

Uploaded by

piyushkumrawat2824
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.

com Naresh i Technologies

JDBC part-1
JDBC:
JDBC stands for Java DataBase Connectivity.
JDBC is a specification for developing database applications with Java
programming language.

Database Application:
An application that communicates with database is known as database
application.

Application:
An application is a program in which we interact with on the desktop.

Database:
A database is a software and it is an organised collection of data.
Data organized in a database in the form of tables.
Each table contains fields and records.
Application is a front end & database is a back end.
Application uses SQL to communicate with database.

SQL:
SQL stands for Structured Query Language.

Database software contains two parts:


1) Database Application(Example: SQL*Plus) 2) Database(Example: Oracle)

List of databases:
1) Oracle
2) MySQL

Java By Venkatesh Mansani venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com


venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com Naresh i Technologies

3) MS-SQL Server
4) MS-Access
5) DB2
6) Derby
7) Sybase
8) DBase
9) FoxPro
10) Visual FoxPro .. etc.,
Application is called as client and database is called as server.

Client:
A client is a software that sends the request to server to get the response.

Server:
A server is a software that receives request from the client, process the request,
constructs the response and sends the response back to a client.

Driver:
A driver is a software and it is used to connect application & database.

Specification:
A specification is a set of rules & guidelines that are used to develop
environments & applications.
JDBC specification used by vendors to develop drivers.
JDBC specification also used by Java programmers to develop database
applications.

There are four types of JDBC drivers:


1) Type-I Driver(JDBC ODBC Bridge Driver)
2) Type-II Driver(JDBC Native API Driver)

Java By Venkatesh Mansani venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com


venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com Naresh i Technologies

3) Type-III Driver(JDBC Network Protocol Driver)


4) Type-IV Driver(JDBC 100% Pure Java Driver)

1) Type - I Driver(JDBC ODBC Bridge Driver):


Driver Class Name:
sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver
Driver Location:
rt.jar file in JDK 1.7 & below versions.
Note: This driver removed from JDK1.8 & above versions.
rt=> Run Time jar=> Java ARchive
JDK=> Java Development Kit(It is a Java Software)
JAR file location:
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7\jre\lib
Driver Vendor:
Sun Microsystems
Uniform Resource Locator(URL) to access the driver:
jdbc:odbc:dsn
jdbc=> protocol odbc=> sub protocol dsn=> data source name
Note: Type-I Driver developed in C language
Type - I Driver Functionality:
It converts Java instructions into odbc understandable format
Advantages of Type-I Driver:
1) It is very easy to connect
2) Only one driver that supports all ODBC enabled databases.

Java By Venkatesh Mansani venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com


venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com Naresh i Technologies

Disadvantages of Type-I Driver:


1) Performance overhead since Java calls should go through via jdbc & odbc
drivers.
2) DSN creation required.
3) Database client software needs to be installed on local system
4) It is not suitable for applets because applet has the following security
restrictions:
1) Applets cannot read data from local disk
2) Applets cannot write data to local disk
3) Applets cannot open new network connection otherthan the server from
which it is loaded.

Type - II Driver(JDBC Native API Driver):


Type - II Driver is also called as Partial Java Driver (or) Partly Java-Partly Native
Driver
Type - II Drivers are developed in Java language and native languages.
Type - II Driver Class Name for Oracle Database:
oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
Driver Vendor: Oracle Corporation
Driver Location:
ojdbc14.jar file in Oracle 10g Express Edition
ojdbc6_g.jar file in Oracle 11g Express Edition
URL to access Type-II Driver:
jdbc:oracle:oci8:@service-id
To get service-id, use the following SQL query:
SQL>select * from global_name;

Java By Venkatesh Mansani venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com


venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com Naresh i Technologies

Type - II Driver Functionality:


It converts Java calls into native calls.
Advantages:
1) It is little bit fast as compared to type - 1 driver
2) DSN is not required
Disadvantages:
1) Separate driver required for every database.
2) All databases are not having type-2 drivers.
3) Database software needs to be installed on system.
4) It is also not suitable for applets

Steps to develop database application:


1) Loading a specific JDBC driver.
2) Establishing a connection.
3) Performing the task.
4) Closing a connection.

JDBC API:
JDBC API is a Java API, that can access any kind of tabular data and data especially
stored in RDBMS.
1) java.sql package 2) javax.sql package
java.sql package
Classes Interfaces
1) DriverManager 1) Driver
2) SQLException 2) Connection
3) Types 3) Statement

Java By Venkatesh Mansani venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com


venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com Naresh i Technologies

4) Date 4) PreparedStatement
5) Time 5) CallableStatement
6) ResultSet
7) ResultSetMetaData
8) DatabaseMetaData
9) Blob
10) Clob

Program to establish the connection between Java application


and Oracle Database by using Type-2 Driver:
import java.sql.*;
class ConnectionDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
try{
Class c=Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:oracle:oci8:@xe","system","manager");
System.out.println("Connection Established Successfully");
}catch(Exception e)
{
System.err.println(e);
}
}
}

Java By Venkatesh Mansani venkatesh.mansani@yahoo.com

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