Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2 views

    Axial

    Uploaded by

    shihabshaher1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Axial

    Uploaded by

    shihabshaher1
    2 views11 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views11 pages

    Axial

    Uploaded by

    shihabshaher1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    Axial-Flow Pumps

    1. The rotating element, the impeller, causes a pressure change between the
    upstream and downstream sections of the pump.
    2. In practical applications, axial-flow machines are best suited to deliver
    relatively low heads and high flow rates. Hence pumps used for dewatering
    lowlands, such as those behind dikes, are almost always of the axial-flow type.
    Head and Discharge Coefficients for Pumps
    Radial-Flow Machines

    Radial-flow pumps are better suited for larger heads at lower flow rates
    than axial machines.

    Centrifugal Pumps

    A sketch of the centrifugal pump is shown in Fig..

    1. Fluid from the inlet pipe enters the pump through the eye of the
    impeller and then travels outward between the vanes of the impeller
    to its edge, where the fluid enters the casing of the pump and is then
    conducted to the discharge pipe.
    2. The principle of the radial-flow pump is different from that of the
    axial-flow pump in that the change in pressure results in large part
    from rotary action (pressure increases outward like that in the
    rotating tank in Section 4.4 produced by the rotating impeller).
    3. Additional pressure increase is produced in the radial-flow pump
    when the high velocity of the flow leaving the impeller is reduced
    in the expanding section of the casing.
    4. Although the basic designs are different for radial- and axial-flow
    pumps, it can be shown that the same similarity parameters (CQ, CP,
    and CH) apply for both types. ial- and radial-flow pumps so far as
    the user is concerned is the difference in the performance
    characteristics of the two designs. The dimensional performance
    curves for a typical radial-flow pump operating at a constant speed
    Specific Speed

    A tool for selecting the best pump is the value of a 𝜋-group called
    the specific speed, ns. The specific speed is obtained by
    combining both CH and CQ in such a manner that the diameter D
    is eliminated
    Suction Limitations of Pumps

    1. The pressure at the suction side of a pump is most important because


    there is the possibility that cavitation may occur.
    2. As liquid flows past the impeller blades of a pump, local high-
    velocity flow zones produce low relative pressures (Bernoulli
    effect), and if these pressures reach the vapor pressure of the liquid,
    then cavitation will occur. For a given type of pump operating at a
    given speed and a given discharge, there will be certain pressure at
    the suction side of the pump below which cavitation will occur.
    3. Pump manufacturers in their testing procedures always determine
    this limiting pressure and include it with their pump performance
    curves. More specifically, the pressure that is significant is the
    difference in pressure between the suction side of the pump and the
    vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped.
    4. Actually, in practice, engineers express this difference in terms of
    pressure head, called the net positive suction head, which is
    abbreviated NPSH. To calculate NPSH for a pump that is delivering
    a given discharge, one first applies the energy equation from the
    reservoir from which water is being pumped to the section of the
    intake pipe at the suction side of the pump which the energy
    equation would be written to evaluate NPSH.
    5. A more general parameter for indicating susceptibility to cavitation is specific
    speed.

    You might also like