Question 1.

What will be the nature of roots of quadratic equation 2x2 + 4x – n = 0?

Question 2.
If 12 is a root of the equation x2 + kx – 54 = 0, then find the value of k.
Question 3.
If ax2 + bx + c = 0 has equal roots, find the value of c.
Question 4.
If a and b are the roots of the equation x2 + ax – b = 0, then find a and b.
1Question 5.
Show that x = – 2 is a solution of 3x2 + 13x + 14 = 0.
Question 6.
Find the discriminant of the quadratic equation 4√2x2 + 8x + 2√2 = 0).
Short Answer Type

Question 1.
State whether the equation (x + 1)(x – 2) + x = 0 has two distinct real roots or not. Justify your answer..

Question 2.
Is 0.3 a root of the equation x2 – 0.9 = 0? Justify.
Question 3.
For what value of k, is 3 a root of the equation 2x2 + x + k = 0?
Question 4.
Find the values of k for which the quadratic equation 9x2 – 3kx + k = 0 has equal roots.
Question 5.
Find the value of k for which the equation x2 + k(2x + k – 1)+ 2 = 0 has real and equal roots.
Question 6.
If -5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + px – 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation p(x2 + x) + k = 0 has equal roots,
then find the value of k.
Question 7.
Does there exist a quadratic equation whose coefficients are rational but both of its roots are irrational? Justify your
answer.
Question 8.Write the set of values of k for which the quadratic equation 2x2 + kx + 8 = 0 has real roots.
Question 9.
Solve the quadratic equation 2x2 + ax – a2 = 0 for x.
Question 10.
Find the roots of the quadratic equation
Question 11.
Find the values of p for which the quadratic equation 4x2 + px + 3 = 0 has equal roots.
Question 12.
Solve for x: √13x? – 2√3x – 2√3 = 0
Question 13.
If x = 23 and x = -3 are roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + 7x + b = 0, find the values of a and b.
Question 14.
A two-digit number is four times the sum of the digits. It is also equal to 3 times the product of digits. Find the
number.
Question 15.
Find the value of p, for which one root of the quadratic equation px2 – 14x + 8 = 0 is 6 times the other.
Question 16.
If ad ≠ bc, then prove that the equation
(a2 + b2) x2 + 2(ac + bd)x + (c2+ d2) = 0 has no real roots.
Question 17.
Solve for x: √13x2 – 2x – 8√3 = 0
Quadratic Equations Class 10 Extra Questions Short Answer Type 2

Question 1.
Find the roots of the following quadratic equations by factorisation:
(i) √2x2 + 7x + 5√2 = 0 (ii) 2x2 – x + 18 = 0
(ii) We have, 2x2 – x + 18 = 0
Question 2.
Find the roots of the following quadratic equations, if they exist, by the method of completing the square:
(i) 2x2 + x – 4 = 0
(ii) 4x2 + 4√3x + 3 = 0
Question 3.
Find the roots of the following quadratic equations by applying the quadratic formula.
(i) 2x2 – 7x + 3 = 0
(ii) 4x2 + 4√3x + 3 = 0
Question 4.
Using quadratic formula solve the following quadratic equation:
p2x2 + (p2 – q2) x – q2 = 0

Question 5.
Find the roots of the following equation:

Question 6.
Find the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equations. If the real roots exist, find them:
(i) 3x2 – 4√3x + 4 = 0) (ii) 2x2 – 6x + 3 = 0
Question 7.
Find the values of k for each of the following quadratic equations, so that they have two equal roots.
(i) 2x2 + kx + 3 = 0
(ii) kx (x – 2) + 6 = 0
Question 8.
If the roots of the quadratic equation (a – b) x2 + (b – c) x + (c – a) = 0 are equal, prove that 2a = b + c.
Question 9.
If the equation (1 + m2)x2 + 2mcx + c2– a2 = 0 has equal roots, show that c2 = a2 (1 + m2).
Question 10.
If sin θ and cos θ are roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, prove that a2 – b2 + 2ac = 0.
Solution:
Question 11.
Determine the condition for one root of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 to be thrice the other.
Question 12.
Salve for

Question 13.
Solve the equation

Question 15.
Solve for x: + 5x – (a2 + a – 6) = 0
Question 16.
Solve for

Question 17.
Solve for

Question 18.
If the roots of the equation (c- ab)x2 – 2(a2– bc)x + b2 – ac = 0 in x are equal, then show that either a = 0 or a3 + b3 + c3
= 3abc.
Solution:
For equal roots D = 0

⇒ 4[a4 + b2c2 – 2a2bc – b2c2 + ac3 + ab3 – a2bc] = 0.

Therefore 4(a2 – bc)2 – 4(c2 – ab) (b2 – ac) = 0

⇒ a(a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc) = 0
Either a = 0 or a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc

Question 19.
If the roots of the quadratic equation
(x – a) (x – b) + (x – b) (x – c) + (x – c) (x – a) = 0
are equal, then show that a = b = c.
Solution:

⇒ x2 – ax – bx + ab + x2 – bx – cx + bc + x2 – cx – ax + ac = 0
Given (x – a) (x – b) + (x – b) (x – c) + (x – 6) (x – a) = 0

⇒ 3x2 – 2(a + b + c)x + ab + bc + ca = 0

⇒ B2 – 4AC = 0
Now, for equal roots D = 0

⇒ 4(a + b + c)2 – 12(ab + bc + ca) = 0

⇒ 2[2a2 + 2b2 + 2co – 2ab – 2bc – 2ca] = 0

4a2 + 4b2 + 4c2 + 8ab + 8bc + 8ca – 12ab – 12bc – 12ca = 0

⇒ 2[(a2 + b2 – 2ab) + (b2 + c2 – 2bc) + (c2 + a2 – 2ca)] = 0

⇒ [(a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2] = 0
⇒ a – b = 0, b – c = 0, c – a = 0
⇒ a = b, b = c, c = a
⇒a=b=c

Quadratic Equations Class 10 Extra Questions Long Answers

Question 1.
Using quadratic formula, solve the following equation for x:
abx2 + (b2 – ac) x – bc = 0
Question 2.
Find the value of p for which the quadratic equation
(2p + 1)x2 – (7p + 2)x + (7p – 3) = 0 has equal roots. Also find these roots.
Question 3.
Solve for
Question 4.
The sum of the reciprocals of Rehman’s age (in years) 3 years ago and 5 years from now is Find his present age.
Solution:
Let the present age of Rehman be x years.
So, 3 years ago, Rehman’s age = (x – 3) years
And 5 years from now, Rehman’s age = (x + 5) years
Now, according to question, we have

But x ≠ -3 (age cannot be negative)

Therefore, present age of Rehman = 7 years.

Question 5.
The difference of two natural numbers is 5 and the difference of their reciprocals is 110. Find the numbers.
Solution:
Let the two natural numbers be x and y such that x > y.

Difference of numbers, x – y = 5 ⇒ x = 5 + y …..(i)

According to the question,

Difference of the reciprocals,

∴ y is a natural number.
∵y=5

⇒x=5+5
Putting the value of y in (i), we have

⇒ x = 10
The required numbers are 10 and 5.

Question 6.
The sum of the squares of two consecutive odd numbers is 394. Find the numbers.
Solution:
Let the two consecutive odd numbers be x and x + 2.
Hence, the numbers are 13 and 15 or -15 and -13.

Question 7.
The sum of two numbers is 15 and the sum of their reciprocals is 3. Find the numbers.
Solution:
Let the numbers be x and 15 – x.
According to given condition,

⇒ 150 = 3x(15 – x)
⇒ 50 = 15x – x2
⇒ x2 – 15x + 50 = 0
⇒ x2 – 5x – 10x + 50 = 0
⇒ x(x – 5) -10(x – 5) = 0
⇒ (x – 5)(x – 10) = 0
⇒ x = 5 or 10.
When x = 5, then 15 – x = 15 – 5 = 10
When x = 10, then 15 – x = 15 – 10 = 5
Hence, the two numbers are 5 and 10.

Question 8.
In a class test, the sum of Shefali’s marks in Mathematics and English is 30. Had she got 2 marks more in
Mathematics and 3 marks less in English, the product of her marks would have been 210. Find her marks in the two
subjects.
Solution:
Let Shefali’s marks in Mathematics be x.
Therefore, Shefali’s marks in English is (30 – x).

⇒ (x + 2) (30 – x – 3) = 210
Now, according to question,

⇒ (x + 2) (27 – x) = 210
⇒ 27x – x2 + 54 – 2x = 210
⇒ 25x – x2 + 54 – 210 = 0
⇒ 25x – x2 – 156 = 0
⇒ -(x2 – 25x + 156) = 0
⇒ x2 – 25x + 156 = 0

⇒ x(x – 13) – 12(x – 13) = 0

= x2 – 13x – 12x + 156 = 0

⇒ (x – 13) (x – 12) = 0

∴ x = 13 or x = 12
Either x – 13 or x – 12 = 0

Therefore, Shefali’s marks in Mathematics = 13

Marks in English = 30 – 13 = 17
or Shefali’s marks in Mathematics = 12
marks in English = 30 – 12 = 18.
Question 9.
A train travels 360 km at a uniform speed. If the speed has been 5 km/h more, it would have taken 1 hour less for the
same journey. Find the speed of the train.
Solution:
Let the uniform speed of the train be x km/h.

But x cannot be negative, so x ≠ – 45

therefore, x = 40
Hence, the uniform speed of train is 40 km/h.

Question 10.
The sum of the areas of two squares is 468 m2. If the difference of their perimeters is 24 m, find the sides of the two
squares.
Solution:
Let x be the length of the side of first square and y be the length of side of the second square.
Then, x2 + y2 = 468 …(i)
Let x be the length of the side of the bigger square.

⇒ x – y = 6 or x = y + 6 …(ii)
4x – 4y = 24

Putting the value of x in terms of y from equation (ii), in equation (i), we get

⇒ y2 + 12y + 36 + y2 = 468 or 232 + 12y – 432 = 0

(y + 6)2 + y2 = 468

⇒ y2 + 6y – 216 = 0
⇒ y2 + 18y – 12y – 216 = 0
⇒ y(y + 18) – 12(y + 18) = 0
⇒ (y + 18)(y – 12) = 0

⇒ y = -18 or y = 12
Either y + 18 = 0 or y – 12 = 0

But, sides cannot be negative, so y = 12

Therefore, x = 12 + 6 = 18
Hence, sides of two squares are 18 m and 12 m.
Question 11.
Seven years ago Varun’s age was five times the square of Swati’s age. Three years hence, Swati’s age will be two-
fifth of Varun’s age. Find their present ages.
Solution:

∴ Swati’s present age = (x + 7) years

Seven years ago, let Swati’s age be x years. Then, seven years ago Varun’s age was 5x2 years.

Varun’s present age = (5x2 + 7) years

Three years hence,
Swati’s age = (x + 7 + 3) years = (x + 10) years
Varun’s age (5x2 + 7 + 3) years = (5x2 + 10) years
According to the question,

Hence, Swati’s present age = (2 + 7) years = 9 years

and Varun’s present age = (5 × 22 + 7) years = 27 years

Question 12.
A train covers a distance of 300 km at a uniform speed. If the speed of the train is increased by 5 km/hour, it takes 2
hours less in the journey. Find the original speed of the train.
Solution:
Let the original speed of the train = x km/h.

Therefore, the usual speed of the train = 25 km/h.

Question 13.
A two digit number is such that the product of its digits is 18. When 63 is subtracted from the number, the digits
interchange their places. Find the number.
Solution:
Let the digit at tens place be x.

Question 14.
If twice the area of a smaller square is subtracted from the area of a larger square; the result is 14 cm 2. However, if
twice the area of the larger square is added to three times the area of the smaller square, the result is 203 cm 2.
Determine the sides of the two squares.
Solution:
Let the sides of the larger and smaller squares be x and y respectively. Then
x2 – 2y2 = 14 …..(i)
and 2x2 + 3y2 = 203 ……(ii)

⇒ 2x2 + 3y2 – (2x2 – 4y2) = 203 – 2 × 14

Operating (ii) -2 × (i), we get

⇒ 2x2 + 3y2 – 2x2 + 4y2 = 203 – 28

⇒ 7y2 = 175
⇒ y2 = 25
⇒ y ± 15
⇒ y = 5 [∵ Side cannot be negative]
By putting the value of y in equation (i), we get

⇒ x2 – 50 = 14 or x2 = 64
x2 – 2 × 5 = 14

∴ x = 8 or x = 8
∴ Sides of the two squares are 8 cm and 5 cm.

Question 15.
If Zeba was younger by 5 years than what she really is, then the square of her age (in years) would have been 11 more
than five times her actual age. What is her age now?
Solution:
Let the present age of Zeba be x years
⇒ (x – 5)2 = 5x + 11
Age before 5 years = (x – 5) years According to given condition,

⇒ x2 + 25 – 10x = 5x + 11
⇒ x2 – 10x – 5x + 25 – 11 = 0
⇒ x2 – 15x + 14 = 0
⇒ x2 – 14x – x + 14 = 0
⇒ x(x – 14) -1(x – 14) = 0
⇒ (x – 1)(x – 14) = 0
⇒ x – 1 = 0 or x – 14 = 0
x = 1 or x = 14

∴ Present age of Zeba is 14 years.

But present age cannot be 1 year.

Question 16.
A motorboat whose speed in still water is 18 km/h, takes 1 hour more to go 24 km upstream than to return downstream
to the same spot. Find the speed of the stream.
Solution:
Let the speed of the stream be x km/h.
Speed of motorboat in still water = 18 km/h
Speed of motorboat in upstream = (18 – x) km/h
Speed of motorboat in downstream = (18 + x) km/h
Distance travelled = 24 km.

Speed of motorboat = 6 km/h. (∵Speed cannot be negative)

Question 17.
A natural number, when increased by 12, equals 160 times its reciprocal. Find the number.
Solution:
Let the natural number be x

⇒ x + 12 = 60x
According to the question,

= x2 + 12x – 160 = 0
= x2 + 20x – 8x – 160 = 0
= x(x + 20) -8(x + 20) = 0
= (x + 20) (x – 8) = 0
x = -20 (Not possible) or x = 8
Hence, the required natural number is 8.

Question 18.
The sum of the squares of two consecutive multiples of 7 is 637. Find the multiples.
Solution:
Let the two consecutive multiples of 7 be x and x +7.
x2 + (x + 7)2 = 637
= x2 + x2 + 49 + 14x = 637
= 2x2 + 14x – 588 = 0
= x2 + 7x – 294 = 0
= x2 + 21x – 14x – 294 = 0
= x(x + 21) – 14(x + 21) = 0
= x(x + 14) (x + 21) = 0
= x = 14 or x = -21
The multiples are 14 and 21.

Question 19.
Solve for

Solution:

Question 20.
Find the positive value(s) of k for which both quadratic equations x2 + kx + 64 = 0 and x2 – 8x + k = 0 will have real
roots.
Solution:

⇒ k2 – 4(1)(64) ≥ 0 i.e., k2 – 256 ≥ 0

(i) For x2 + kx + 64 = 0 to have real roots

⇒ k ≥ ± 16

⇒ (-8)2 – 4(k) ≥ 0 i.e., 64 – 4k ≥ 0

(ii) For x2 – 8x + k = 0 to have real roots

⇒ k ≤ ± 16
For (i) and (ii) to hold simultaneously k = 16

Question 21.
Speed of a boat in still water is 15 km/h. It goes 30 km upstream and returns back at the same point in 4 hours 30
minutes. Find the speed of the stream.
Solution:

∴ Speed of boat upstream = (15 – x) km/h.

Let the speed of stream be x km/h.

Speed of boat downstream = (15 + x) km/h.

According to question,
⇒ 30 × 2 × 30 = 9(225 – x2)
⇒ 100 × 2 = 225 – x2
⇒ 200 = 225 – x2
⇒ x2 = 25
⇒ x = ±5
⇒ x = 5 (Rejecting – 5)
∴ Speed of stream = 5 km/h

Question 22.
Ram takes 6 days less than Bhagat to finish a piece of work. If both of them together can finish the work in 4 days, in
how many days Bhagat alone can finish the work.
Solution:

∴ Ram takes (x – 6) number of days

Let Bhagat alone can do the work in x number of days

Work done by Bhagat in 1 day = 1x

Work done by Ram in 1 day = 1x−6
According to the question,

Quadratic Equations Class 10 Extra Questions HOTS

Question 1.
One-fourth of a herd of camels was seen in the forest. Twice the square root of the herd had gone to mountains and the
remaining 15 camels were seen on the bank of a river. Find the total number of camels.
Solution:
Let x be the total number of camels.
Then, number of camels in the forest = x4
Number of camels on mountains = 2√x
and number of camels on the bank of river = 15
∴y=6
But, the number of camels cannot be a fraction.

⇒ x = x2 = 36
Hence, the number of camels = 36

Question 2.
Solve the following quadratic equation:
9x2 – 9 (a + b) x + [2a2 + 5ab + 2b2] = 0.
Solution:
Consider the equation 9x2 – 9 (a + b) x + [2a2 + 5ab + 2b2] = 0)
Now comparing with Ax2 + Bx + C = 0, we get
A = 9, B = -9 (a + b) and C = [2a2 + 5ab + 2b2]
Now discriminant, .
D = B2 – 4AC
Question 3.
Two taps running together can fill a tank in 3 hours. If one tap takes 3 hours more than the other to fill the tank, then
how much time will each tap take to fill the tank?
Solution:
Let, time taken by faster tap to fill the tank be x hours
Therefore, time taken by slower tap to fill the tank = (x + 3) hours
Since the faster tap takes x hours to fill the tank.

Hence, time taken by faster tap to fill the tank = x = 5 hours

and time taken by slower tap = x + 3 = 5 + 3 = 8 hours.

Question 4.
In a rectangular park of dimensions 50 m × 40 m, a rectangular pond is constructed so that the area of grass strip of
uniform width surrounding the pond would be 1184 m2. Find the length and breadth of the pond.
Solution:

Let ABCD be rectangular lawn and EFGH be rectangular pond. Let x m be the width of grass area, which is same
around the pond.
Given, Length of lawn = 50 m
Width of lawn = 40 m
Length of pond = (50 – 2x)m
Breadth of pond = (40 – 2x)m
Also given,
⇒ Area of rectangular lawn – Area of pond = 1184 m2
Area of grass surrounding the pond = 1184 m2

⇒ 50 × 40 – {(50 – 2x) × (40 – 2x)} = 1184

⇒ 2000 – (2000 – 80x – 100x + 4x2) = 1184
⇒ 2000 – 2000 + 180x – 4x2 = 1184
⇒ 4x2 – 180x + 1184 = 0
⇒ x2 – 45x + 296 = 0
⇒ x2 – 37x – 8x + 296 = 0
⇒ x(x – 37) – 8(x – 37) = 0
⇒ (x – 37) (x – 8) = 0
⇒ x- 37 = 0 or x – 8 = 0)
⇒ x = 37 or x = 8
x = 37 is not possible as in this case length of pond becomes 50 – 2 × 37 = -24 (not possible) Hence, x = 8 is

∴ Length of pond = 50 – 2 × 8 = 34 m
acceptable

Breadth of pond = 40 – 2 × 8 = 24 m

Question 5.
A car covers a distance of 2592 km with uniform speed. The number of hours taken for the journey is one-half the
number representing the speed, in km/hour. Find the time taken to cover the distance.
Solution:
Let speed of the car be x km/h
According to question
Time taken = x2 h.

⇒ x = 72 km/h [Taking square root both sides]

∴ Time taken = x2 = 36 hours.