deep drawing-1

UNIVERSITY OF BENIN.
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL & MATERIALS ENGINEERING
A PRESENTATION
ON
DEEP DRAWING
(SHEET METAL FORMING PROCESS)
BY
GROUP 4
IKECHUKWU CHUKWUEMEKA VICTOR ENG1905543

IMONI OGHENEOCHUKO GOODNESS ENG1905547
ISABU AKHERE EHIZORKHAI ENG1905549
OREUNOMHE ISRAEL ITSOGHENASONE ENG1905550
OBIKORU IHUNAYA PRECIOUS ENG1905554
OYALUNA MICHAEL ENG1905563
UWANDI CHIBUIKEM GOODNESS ENG1905568
DECEMBER, 2024
INTRODUCTION TO DEEP DRAWING
Deep drawing is a fundamental metal forming process used to transform flat sheet metal into a hollow,
three-dimensional shape. This technique involves the application of tensile forces to a sheet metal
blank, causing it to deform plastically and conform to the shape of a die cavity.
The process typically involves a punch, die, and blank holder. The punch forces the sheet metal blank
into the die cavity, while the blank holder prevents the sheet metal from wrinkling during the drawing
process. The resulting part is a seamless, hollow component with a depth greater than its diameter.
Deep drawing is a versatile process utilized in various industries, including automotive, aerospace,
and consumer goods. It is employed to manufacture a wide range of products, such as automotive
body panels, kitchen utensils, and beverage cans.
PROCESS OF DEEP DRAWING

The process of deep drawing includes;
1. Blank Preparation:
A flat sheet metal blank of the appropriate size and thickness is prepared. The blank size is
calculated based on the desired final shape and the material’s formability.
2. Clamping and Holding:
The blank is clamped securely between the blank holder and the die. The blank holder applies
pressure to the blank’s outer edge, preventing it from wrinkling during the drawing process.
3. Punch Penetration:
The punch descends into the die cavity, pushing the sheet metal downward. As the punch
penetrates, the material is forced to flow and deform plastically.
4. Drawing:
The sheet metal is drawn into the die cavity, taking on the shape of the die. The material is
stretched and thinned as it flows into the cavity.
5. Part Ejection:
Once the desired depth is achieved, the punch retracts, and the drawn part is ejected from the
die.
It’s important to note that the specific process parameters, such as punch speed, blank holder force,
and lubrication, can significantly impact the success of the deep drawing operation. Careful control
of these factors is essential to minimize defects like wrinkling, tearing, and thinning.
IMPORTANCE OF DEEP DRAWING
1) It enables the production of complex shapes and geometries that cannot be achieved using other
metal forming techniques, such as stamping or bending.
2) Deep drawing is a cost-effective way to produce high volumes of parts, as it can be automated
and requires minimal waste and secondary processing.
3) The increased ductility and malleability of the metal achieved through deep drawing can
improve its strength, corrosion resistance, and other properties, making it suitable for use in a
wide range of applications.
4) Deep drawing is also important for its ability to create parts with smooth and uniform surfaces,
which is essential for applications such as food packaging and automotive components.
5) The process is also used in the production of advanced materials such as titanium and aluminum
alloys, which are used in aerospace and other industries.
6) Deep drawing can also be used in combination with other metal forming processes, such as
stamping, to produce parts with a variety of complex shapes and features.
FACTORS AFFECTING DEEP DRAWING

1. Material Properties:
• Ductility: The ability of the material to deform plastically without fracturing is crucial for
successful deep drawing.
• Yield Strength: The initial resistance of the material to plastic deformation influences the required
drawing force.
• Strain Hardening: The material’s tendency to increase in strength as it deforms affects the
formability and springback.
2. Tool Geometry:
• Punch and Die Radius: The radii of the punch and die affect the flow of material and the
formation of wrinkles or tears.
• Die Clearance: The clearance between the punch and die influences the friction and the
distribution of stresses.
• Blank Holder Force: This force prevents wrinkling in the flange area by controlling the radial
flow of the material.
3. Lubrication:
• Friction Reduction: Proper lubrication reduces friction between the sheet metal and the tooling,
minimizing the risk of defects.
• Heat Dissipation: Lubricants can help dissipate heat generated during the deformation process,
reducing the risk of localized heating and material failure.
4. Process Parameters:
• Drawing Speed: The speed at which the punch descends affects the deformation rate and the
distribution of stresses.
• Blank Holder Force: This force controls the radial flow of the material and prevents wrinkling.
• Temperature: Elevated temperatures can improve the ductility of the material and reduce the
required drawing force.
APPLICATIONS OF DEEP DRAWING

Deep drawing is a versatile process with a wide range of applications across various industries. Here
are some of the most common applications:
• Automotive Industry: Body panels (doors, hoods, fenders), Fuel tanks, Exhaust systems,
Suspension components and Brake components.
• Aerospace Industry: Aircraft components, Missile casings, Rocket components, Satellite parts.
• Consumer Goods: Kitchenware (pots, pans, bowls), Cookware, Electronics enclosures, Lighting
fixtures, Medical devices and Packaging containers.

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UNIVERSITY OF BENIN.

DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

IKECHUKWU CHUKWUEMEKA VICTOR ENG1905543

PROCESS OF DEEP DRAWING

FACTORS AFFECTING DEEP DRAWING

APPLICATIONS OF DEEP DRAWING

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