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:( 0
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W
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ANUARY 1
981

The DMM r
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JANUARY
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981 V
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7 No 1
540

F
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I
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Wind speed and direction 3

7 Wor
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100 knots
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Morse code decoding 4

2 E
lectron
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co mputer progra m me for byJan Hruska
t
he W ireless World sc
ien -
t
if
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Morse signals i
nto nor mal 4
4 L
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Subsc rip tion r ates : 1y ear £ 10.00
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 W
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ANUARY 1
981 W
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ANUARY 19
81 3
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SCOPES SINGLE TRACE

A r
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tock f
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ing
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race to 50 mHZ Dua
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Mains a
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(
UK c
/
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c £
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RACE
CS156A 1 0mHZ, 10mV
CS1575 5mHZ 1mV 5
, 5
" d
i
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£
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Hm 307-3 10mHZ , 5mV , 6x7 cm d
isplay plus
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c
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t Hm 312-8 20mHZ , 5mV, 10cm d isp
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,

Por
tab
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ui
lt-
in N
icads £
482
.00
2
.6cm d
isplay (Opt
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icads
£
149 ,95 HM4 12-42 0mHZ , 5mV, Bx1 0cm disp
lay p lus Sweep D e
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399
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£7
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ins u n
it £4.00)
£
195 .00 CS1577A 3 0mHZ, 2mV , 5" disp
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CS1559A 1 0mHZ , 1 0mV , 5" disp
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198 .50 CS1830 30mHZ , 2mV, 5" display p
lus s weep d e
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507
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£241.50 Hm 512-8 50mHZ , 5mV, 10 x8 cm disolay. D e
lay Sweep £
667
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V151 15mHZ lmV 5 " d
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OPTIONAL PROBES ( ALL MODELS ) L80514 1 0mHZ, 1mV , (
5 mV) 5 " d
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294
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0t o 1% f ine control o
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r i V
302 3
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mV, 5
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cm. D
elay s
weep + 3c
hanne
l d
isp
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799
.25 ACCURACY ±
-1 .5 % ±0 .01 Hz u p t
o 1 00kHz .
s U 0

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t-2% u p t
o 1MHz .
A
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copes n
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UDIO SWR/FS AND 6000 .
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SG402 1 00KHZ - 3 0 mHZ AG202A 20HZ-200KHZ £65
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w
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0HZ-200KHZ £69
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AG203 10HZ-1 mHZ sine
/square f
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LSG16 1 00KHZ (300 mHZ on
(
UK c
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1.75
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120 .75 1MHz .
Harmonics) £56 .50
LAG120A1OHZ-1 mHZ £
137 .00 R
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tock cover
ing u p t
o SQUARE OUTPUT TG200D , DM g i DMP o nly, 7 V peak
LSG231 1 00m H Z:
t 1mHZ ( ad
jus table
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1
50mHZ and upto 1Kw a
ttpower
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FM s
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ereo gene
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P
L259 sockets
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£195 .00 (
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ipme
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'M' with Meter) S WR9 S WR/S 3 -150 m1 Z, SYNC OUTPUT < ' \ m .s
. sine in phase wi th output
PULSE 152 SER IES 3 HZ - 300KHZ S ine/
£
9.50
S WR50 M R/Power meter ,
SYNC I
NPUT 1% fr
eq. lock r
ange p er volt r
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2001 1 HZ-100KHZ ( f
unct
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TG105 5 HZ-5 mHZ £
92.50 Square 31/-
2 150mHZ 0 -1000 w atts£13 .95
200 SERIES 1HZ-1 mHZ Sine
/Squa re 1
10 S WR/Power 11 2 -
/ 144mHZ 0/7V & -147 +6dB m .
4001 0.5HZ-5 mHZ £
105 .00 0
/10/100 w at
ts £11.50
TG152D £92
.00 S
IZE & WE
IGHT 260 X 1 30 x 1 80 m m. 4.3kg w ith
200P 0 .002H2-5.5 mHZ £253.00 171 A s 110 Tw in meter plus F
/S
TG152D M £113.85 £14.50 b
at ter
ies.
200SPC a s 200P plus b ui
lt in f r
eq.

T
TG200D £124.20 P
lus l a
rge range o
fI ANC/PL259/
d
isplay/100 mH2 counter £437.00
TG200D M £149.50 e
tcl eads p
lus adaptors/ c
onnec tors
A range o f Signal Generators t o TG200D MP £155.25 a
lways i nstock.
G200 G u m
s TG 2 00 M TG200D M TG200D MP
cover Audio , RF and Pu lsing . 178 5 WR / Power / FS 11
/-

£
99 £
108 £
I25 £
130 £
135
TV GENERATORS 2

Mains o perated (TG s er

ies B at- LCG-393V PAL BVHF 6p
at
ts £ 137.00 144 mHZ 5 -50 watt P lus 25-
40mHZ a c ma tch £16.60
t
ery). SCG -392U KD M6 G nd Dip 11/-
2 250mHZ
L
EADER • TR
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38.50

r
c
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C 0
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3Hz to 300kHz ' i
n 5d ecade ranges
.
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 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981 7

Why t
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N
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6K
-BYT
ERAM p
ack
Massive a dd-on memory . Only £ 49.95 . before you c an buy casse t
te-based software
T
his isthe ZX80 . Ar eal
ly p ower
ful,f ul
l-facil
ity
The n ew 16K -BYTE RAM p ack i sac omp le te using t
he fu
ll1 6K -BYTE RAM .S okeep a neye
c
ompu ter , match ing ors urpass
ing o ther
p
e rsona lc ompu ters ats evera
lt imes t he modu le designed t op rovide y ou - and y our ont he p
ersona lc ompu ter magazines-and
S
incla ir ZX80 -w ith mass ive a dd -on memory . b
rush u py our c hess perhaps!
p
r
ice .' Pe rsonalC ompu ter Wor
ld'g ave it
You c an use itfo
rt hose r eal
ly l ong a nd T
he RAM p ack simply plugs in
to t
he
5stars fo r'excellentv a
lue'.Bench ma rk tests
comp lex p rograms-or a s ap ersona l ex
isting expans ion p or
to nthe r
earoft he
s
ay i t
'
sf as ter t
han al p revious persona l
database .(Yeti tcan costa sl i
tt
le a sh a
lft he ZX80. No wires, n oso
lde ring.It
's amatterof
c
ompu ters .
P
rogrammed i n BAS IC-the wo r
ld 's mos t pr
ice o fc ompe tit
ive a dd-on memo ry f o
r seconds a nd y ou don
'tn eed anotherp ower
o
ther c ompu ters.) s
upp ly.You c an o n
ly add o ne RAM pack to
popular l anguage-the Z X80 i
ssuitab le for
F
ore xamp le,y ou could w ri
te a n your ZX80 - butw ith 1
6K -BYTES who c ould
beginne rs and e xperts al
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f
rom e n thus iasts has b een t
remendous - i
nterac tive or'conversa tiona l
'p rogram t o want more!
o
ve r2 0
,000 Z X8Os h ave been s
old s of a
r! '
show p eople wha ty ourZX80 c an d o.W ith
NO AWD '
- rve,v ro 1
6K -BYTES o f RAM ,t hey c ould b et a
lking t o How t oorder
Power ful ROM a nd BAS IC i n
te rp reter yourc ompu te rforh ours! Demand f ort he ZX80 e xceeds a l othe r
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. H o mE Rus o ur Ory ou can store amass o fd ata persona lc ompu te rs puttoge the r
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NE W L040 a e a ‘
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n afairly s
imp le program - such a s an ame coupon t oorder t oday f o
rt he e a
rl
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7
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possib le del
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lo rders wil
lb e

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one -touch
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* Variable n ames o fa ny l ength . The Sinc

lairt each-you rself e
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- £ £
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and s ec retc odes ,a s we lla s mo re serious They're a
l explained inthe s pec
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28 p age b ook (f
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Time ru nde rp rogram c ontro l
. book makes l earning easy
,e xc
it
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* PEEK a nd POKE e nab le e ntry of mach ine enjoyable,a nd represents ac omp lete
c
ode i nstructions . course in BASIC program m ing -from fi
rst
* High -reso lution g raph ics . pr
inciples toc omp lex p
rograms .
* Lines o fu n
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l
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pwards ar
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're ready t
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lgs P
arade
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., CB21SN
,
p
r
inciples o
fcompu t
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njoy t
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ir
p
ersonalcd
iMpu te
r. v
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ions come w i
th ma ins adaptor
.)
 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981
I
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acl
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 1
3
W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981
W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981
1
2

T
HEC
I
NTEC

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www
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IA
W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981
'

1
5
W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981

WILMSLO W
T
he C rimson r ange o f amp lifier modu les a re b u
ilt to v ery hi gh s t
anda rds a nd h ave e arned a n e nviab le
C
ri mson modu lar audio amp lifiers feature
: *Lo w v alues r
eputat ion i n e very f ie
ld t o wh ich t hey h ave b een a pp lied. T he b oards c ome r eady b ui
l t a nd t ested
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i ty signa l amp lif
ica tion i srequ ired .
t
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belo w 5
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han 0 .05 % *on -board electron ic The p owe r amp li
fier modu les r ange f rom 6 0 WR MS t o3 10 WR MS w ith u p to t w
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mode . All f eature s ubs tan t
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lable h eats ink o r t he
p
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. pin and edge c onnector t er mination

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* Ful
lrange ofc o mpli mentary c o mponents , i
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s
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s
pec ial mut ing b oard ( N CI) c an b ei nco rpo rated i nallt ypes o fa ct
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P
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P5119
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2750 C
PS61250VA1 30 o
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50mm C
3 5
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lest
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C
F1704 C
35 00 R
EG1 [
9-8
3 FMI 36 c
0 m
Audax HD13D34H £12.95 Ce
lest
ion G 12/ 1 25CE £42.00 C
ROSSOVERS , BAP/ LONG Da
les ford S ystem 1 £54.00
E
2 5
0 7
,A2 £
42 0
0
C
EI708 £
35 00 7
86
A
udax HD24S45C £21.95 Ce
lest
ion G I 5/100CE £37.95 F
IBRE WOOL
. etc
. D
ales ford S ystem 2 £57.00
P
re• Amp
lif
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les A
ctive C
rosso wn H
•rdeare £38.50 FOR A P
AIR O
FS PEAKERS D
ales ford S ystem 3 £
104 .00
B
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lest
ion G 15 /1 00TC
C M 04 0
0 002 1
19 00 Ns AMP [
39 6
0
Ce
lest
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riage £3
.95 D
a
l est o
r dS ys
tem 4 £
110 .00
CPR1S C
44 5
0 003 C28 3
5 % wa
rren, f
38 0
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astle S uper 8R S/DO £14.95
Moi E
7 5
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I 9
0 £
12 .50 u
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so therw
ise s
t
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ales ford S ystem 5 £
142 .013
MCI E
26 0
0 C
hartwe ll CEA205 p
airs o
nly £61.25 Ce
lest
ion H F1300
MCIS £
37 0
0
£
12 .50 Deles ford S ystem 6 £95 .00
C
oles 4 001 £
7.65 Ce
lest
ion H F2000
P
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t
iF i &A udio P RO9 -11 (Roge rs) KEF R eference 1 04aB k it
C
oles 3 000 £
7.65 Ce
lest
ion P owe rcel I1 2 /1
50 £66 .00
£146 .00 £133 .00 £
5 car r
iage
C
elest
ion HF l3 00 I £10.95 C
elest
ion P owercell 1 5/250 £88 .00
_CPR
1S C
elest
ion MH1000 £21.75
A
sa bove b u
t i nc
luding f e
lt p anels KEF C antata k i
t £213 .50 + £ 5 car r
iage
C
elest
ion H F2000 £10.95
£152 .75 + £ 5 c arr
iage LS3 M icro Mon i
to rkit
D
alesford ABR 1 0" £10.25 F
ane Classic 4 5 1 2" £13 .95
H
i FiA nswer s Mon ito r(Rogers ) £148 .00 £71.00 + £ 3
.76 car r
iage
D
alesford D 30/110 £11.25 F
ane Classic 5 5 1 2" £15 .50
H
i FiN ews S tate oft he Art( Atkinson ) Low the ri'MS k i
t £
116 .00
D
alesford D 50/ 1 53 £12.25 F
ane Classic 8 0 1 2" £19 .75
£185 .00 Low the r PM 6 Mk Ik i
t £
122 .00
D
alesford 0 50/200 £12.25 F
ane Classic 8 5 1 5" £26 .00
H
i FiN ews M inil
ine ( A
tkinson) Low the r PM7 k i
t
-D
alesford 0 70/250 £25.60 F
ane Classic 1 50 1 5" £37 .95
£49.00 + £ 3 c arr
iage Peerless 1 070 £
157 .00
D
alesford D 100/310 £35.75 F
ane Classic 1 25 1 8" £43 .95
H
i F i For Pleasu re C ompac t Mon i tor ( Col' Peerless 1 2 0 £
169 .90
D
alesford D 10 t weeter £
8.45 Fane Classic 1 75 1 8" £47 .95
l
ows ) £
116 .00 + £ 5 c arr
iage Peerless 2 050 • £59 .95
D
ecca L ondon H orn £81.95 F
ane G ui
tar 80L 1 2" £26 .25
Popular Hi FiM ini Mon itor ( Col
loms ) Peerless 2 060 £79 .95
E
lac 6 NC204 61 /" £
7.50 Fane G ui
tar 808/2 1 2" £27 .25
2 £74.00 Radfo rd S tudio 9 0 ki
t £
181.00
E
lac 8 NC298 8 £
7.95 Fane Disco 1 00 1 2" £28 .75
Popu lar Hi F i R ound S ound ( Stephens ) Radfo rd S tudio 2 70 kit £
309 .00
EMI type 3 50, 1 3" X 8 "
, 4o hm £
9.45 Fane P A85 1 2" £26 .25
i
ncluding c omp lete cabine t kit £71.00 Radfo rd Mon itor 1 80 kit £
243 .00
EMI 1 4A/770 , 1 4" X 9 "
, 8o hm £ 19.50 F
ane B as s 1 00 1 5" £39 .00
Popular Hi FiJ ordan S ystem 1 Radfo rd S tudio 3 60 kit £
450 .1
20
I
sophon K K8 /8 £
8.15 Fane Crescendo 1 2E £57 .50
£96.00 + £ 3 c arr
iage RAM 5 0 kit (makes RAM 1 00) £76 .26
I
sophon K K10/ 8 £
8.45 F
ane C rescendo 1 5E £74 .50
P
ractical Hi Fia nd A udio B SC3 ( Roge rs) R
i cha rd Allan T ango tw in k i
t £55 .50
J
ordan Wa tts Modu le £24.95 F
ane C rescendo 1 8E £94 .75
£85.00 R
i chard A llan Ma ramba k it £77 .50
J
ordan Wat ts H F kit £10.50 F
an eC o
los sus 1 5E £99 .95
P
ractical Hi Fia nd A udio Mon itor (
Giles) R
ichard A llan C harisma k it £111.00
J
ordan 5 0mm u nit £24.50 F
an eC o
los sus 1 8E £
107 .00
£
180 .00 R
icha rd A llen S upe rTriple kit £102 .50
J
ordan C Bc rossover £24.50 p a
ir F
ane J 44 £6.90
P
ractical Hi Fia r
id A udio Triang le (Gi
les) R
ichard A llan S upe r Saraband I £ 159 .95
J
ordan Mono c rossove r £24.50 p a
ir F
ane J 104 £15 .95
F
ane J 73 £10 .00
£
120 .00 R
i
ch ard A llan RAB k i
t £62.75
K
ef1 27 £
9.45
H
i F iN ews T abor (Jones )w ith J 4 bass u ni
ts R
ichard A llan RA82 k i
t £98.75
a 1
.0 9
0ra
r S
le ra
r
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A.0
404e
ltart
.A1r4HAS NUN , tUN K
ef 8110 £12.25 F
ane H PX1/HPX2 £3.45
£65 .00 R
ichard A llan R A82L k it £108 .00
K
ef 8 200 £13.50 F
ane H PX3A £5.60
H
i F iN ews T abor (Jones ) with H4 b ass u nits SEAS 2 23 £42.50
K
ef B139 £27.75 F
ane H PX3B £4.55
£70 .00 SEAS 2 53 £67.00
K
ef D N I3 £
6.75 ' Goodmans E PA £5.05
Wire less Wor ld T rans m iss ion L ine K EF SEAS 4 03 £79.95
K
ef D N12 £
9.40 Goodmans P P12 £22.50 ,
(
B a
iley) £
125 .00 SEAS 6 03 £134 .95
pa
ir £42.00 Goodmans D I 12 £25 .50
Compact
,v ersa
tile
K
ef 0 022 Wireless Wor ld Transm iss ion Line RAD - Whar feda le D enton X P2 k i
t £31.45
'
Low ther PM 6 £59.00 Goodmans GR12 £24.95
FORD ( Ba
iley) £
179 .00 Whar feda le S hel
ton X P2 kit £40.40
L
ow ther PME Mk I £62.00 Goodmans 1 8P £48.45
Everyday E lectronics E E70 ( Stephens ) Whar feda le Linton X P2 k i
t £58.20
f
ie
ld s
ervice monitors L
ow
P
eer
ther PM7
less K010DT
£
£
94
10
.50
.95
Goodmans H
McKenz ie C
i
fax 5
12100GP
0HX £
£
21.85
24.45
Everyday E lectronics E
£150 + £
E20 ( S
5 c
tephens
a
)
rriage Whar feda le Glenda le X P2 k i
t £69.00
£24.45
f
ortwo-way radio P
eerless D TIOHFC £10.50 McKenz ie C 12100TC
£29.50 + £ 3 carriage
P
eerles s K040MRF £13.60 McKenz ie C 12100 b ass £24.45
R
ad ford B D25 Mk I l £36.95 McKenz ie GP I5 £35.10
ma
intenance
SMART BADGES FREE WITH ABOVE K
ITS
£35.10
R
ad ford MD9 £14.85 McKenz ie T C15
£59.60
(
r
oG IVE THAT PROFESSIONAL TOUCH WIL MSLO W AUD IO BA1 s ub bass
R
ad ford MD6 £25.50 McKenz ie C 15 b ass T
O YOUR DIY SPEAKERS!
) •
£22.50 Motorola Piezo h orn 31 /" £8
.50 amp
lif
ier/c
rossove
r ki
t
R
ad ford F N8/FN831 2
Motorola Piezo 2 " X6 " £
12 .25 £37.95 + £
1 car
riage
R
ichard A l
lan CG8T £13.50 REPRINTS/CONSTRUCT
ION DETA
ILS
R
ichard A l
lan CG 1 21 Super £29.50 R
ichard A l
lan HD8T £20.25
OF ABOVE DES
IGNS 1
0p EACH
£20.75 R
ichard A l
lan HD107 £21.75
R
ichard A l
lan H P8B
£14.50 R
ichard A l
lan HD12T £29.75
R
ichard A l
lan L P8B
£33.50 R
ichard A l
lan HD15 £52.75 CARR IAGE & I NSURANCE
R
ichard A l
lan HM 2 B
R
ichard A l
lan D T20 £
9.95 R
ichard A l
lan HD15P £52.75 TWEETERS/CROSSOVERS 6 0p each EVERYTHING IN STOCK FOR
£10.75 R
ichard A l
lan A t
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PEAKERS 4 " to 61
2 "
/ 80p e
ach THE SPEAKER
R
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S
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8.95 R
ichard A l
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96 .00 8" to 1
0" £
1 each CONSTRUCTOR I
Shackman E lectrostatic w
ith p o
lar netwo rk 12", 13" x 8",
B
AF, LONG FIBRE WOOL,
a
nd c rossove r £136.00 p air 14" X 9 " £
1.95 e ach
F
OAM , CROSSOVERS , F
ELT
T
annoy D C296 1 0" £
118 .00 15" £
2.95 e ach
P
ANELS , COMPONENTS , E
TC.
T
annoy D C316 1 2" £
159 .00 18" £4
.50 each
L
ARGE S ELECTION O
F GRILLE
CE -
50A: FM/ A M F
ield Service M on
itor T
annoy D C386 1 5" £
199 .00 SPEAKER K ITS £
1.95 e ach
F
ABRICS .
£3.95 pa
ir
CE -
50A-1: FM /A M F
ield Service
- MAD D ESIGN KITS £3
.95 p a
ir (
Send 2
2p in sta mps f
or g
ri
lle
Spectru m Mon
itor un
less o
therwise s
t
ated f
abr
ic s
amp
les
).
A
LI PRICES CORRECT A l 1/ 2/80

A
LL P
RICES I
NCLUDE V
AT 1
5%

S
end 5
0p for 56 p
age catalogue
'
Choosing aSpeaker
'
r
1OFSW
E
xclus
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epresentat
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:

A
spen E
lec
tron
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I
IF
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T
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l: 0625 5 29599 F
OR MAIL
(
or p
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T
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625 5
c
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26213 (SWIFT OF
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IRELESS WORLD J
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W
IRELESS WORLD J
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981
1
6

Rmc
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I
N
DUSTR IAL
MUSCLE
Desk c
onso
les, i
nstru ment
ases a
c nd boxes which
f
ea
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e
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rusions and pane
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i
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s
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W W-03
1FOR F
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ILS

MART
IN ASSOC
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f
or t
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erv
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LOGIC ANALYSER
T
ekt
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nalyse
r. OTHER EQU
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BRI DGES
Wayne Ke
rrB .224 Un
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. Res
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Mode
l M600 Range 1
,
1
2
Wayne K
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r
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.

COUNTERS Z
IP
* PO WER R
ESPONSE DC — 2
0KHz ± 1
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340A Counte
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* OUTPUT PO WER I
N E
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CONT
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luke 1910A Coun
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.

5_
* D
.C. OUTPUT 20 AMPS AT 100 VOLTS OR 2KVa
. D
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* HAR MONIC D
ISTORTION .L
ESS THAN 0.05 % DC-20KHz AT 1kVV I
NTO 6 OH MS F
luke 8010A 3
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ts. DCV
, ACV
, Ohms. J

So
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2 D
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, ACV
, DC
I, AC
I, Ohms -
I.33-
1
* P
LUG -
IN MODULES : CONSTANT VOLTAGE/CURRENT , PRECISION OSCILLATORS *UN
IPOLAR AND
B
IPOLAR DIGITAL I
NTERFACES , FUNCTION GENERATORS , AND MANY OTHERS. SOUND LEVEL METER I
B
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l &K
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209 S
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. -
1 .
3 -.1
* OUTPUT MATCH ING T RANSFOR MERS AVAILABLE TO MATCH V IRTUALLY ANY LOAD
. 3 --1

* FULL OPEN AND SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION GUARANTEED S TABLE I

NTO ANY LOAD
. METERS
* TWO UN ITS MAY BE CONNECTED TO P ROVIDE UP TO 4kVV
. Hew
let
t-Packard 3
400A T
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1
0Hz-10 MHz
.
* I
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IGHT UNITS.
* 3
-YEAR P ARTS AND LABOUR W ARRANTY . OSCILLOSCOPES
T
elequipmen t D
.83 DC-50 MHz. S
end f
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T
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T
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F
or f
ul
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roducts wr
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lack T
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.935A DC-35 MHz. Mar
tin A
ssoc
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E
lec
tron
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td.
RECORDERS 3
4 Crown S
tree
t
Data Labs T
ransient Reco
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K
irkha m E
lectron
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.J
. Lloyd X-
Y Plot
ters
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R
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J
.J
. Lloyd CR
.600 2 P en Reco
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. T
el
: Read
ing (
0734) 5
95853
/51074

MILL HALL
, MILL LANE, PULHA M M ARKET , DISS
, NORFOLK I
P21 4XL
DIVISI ON OF K
TELEPHONE (
.R.S. L
IM
037 976) 6
ITED
39/594
T
e
lephone R
ead
ing (
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)595853
/51074
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OR F
URTHER DETA
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IRELESS WORLD J
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C
a
rs
ionE
l B
i
ggers
t
ock in
ves
tment
P
rices
f
r
om £

1
825A D
ual T
imebase 5
Ons
-1s/d
iv. 5
25
1
805A Dua
lTrace DC
-100 MHz 5mV
,
1Mf
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02 5
50

g
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quipmen
tr a
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s
T
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rans
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ter
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r
a
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ulses/sec. AT, Less than
5mus 1
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T
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ifier
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:1
CMR DC-20 MHz . 50 mV sensi
tivi
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0

w
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P
lug-ins f or 500 s er
ies P
rices
1AI dua l tr
ace P lug -
in DC -50 MHz 2
25
1A2 dua l tr
ace P lug -
in DC -50 MHz 1
80 T
e mperature Measur
ing f
rom £

1A4 fou r t
race P lug -
in DC -50 MHz 3
75 Equ
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1A5 Dife ren tia
l P lug-in 1
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NB Thermocoup les no
t i
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ZDife ren t
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1 A dap tor P lug-in 1 A Ser
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3LS -60°C to +1 70°C
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RYANS SOUTHERN f
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H
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0
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hermocouples 9
0
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443A T rack
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BS3
16 6c hanne
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-10V 1
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7A26 D ual Trace DC -150 MHz GENERAL RAD
IO 1
00 k Hz
-110 MHz 8
50
5mV -5V/d iv. 5
25 1
6 speeds 2
350 1
362 UHF
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50 8
445A A u
toma t
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hermocouples 7
5
7053A D ua l Timebase 5 ns
-5s/d
iv. 5
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300
HE WLETT PACKARD GOULD ADVANCE
1
0 MHz -I8 GHz Vo
lt me
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-Ana
logue
8
555A R F P
lug
-in 10 MHz-18 GHz
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sci
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s
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tr
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74 5184 10, 1
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 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981 W
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ANUARY 1
981 2
5
2
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P
RODUCT
ION PO WER UN I
TS HERE
'S HO W TO TALK TO
B
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PROM T
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3OUTPUTS ALL OF THE P
EOPLE ALL OF THE T
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ROGRAMMING "
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EVELOPMENT
w
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P
4000 P
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E
PROM PROGRAMMER
S
ERV
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ICS E
QUIPMENT

T
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5
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f
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OUTPUT 3
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liable p rogramm ing o f up to 8
E
PROMS s imultaneously. Ithas been designed f o
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mul
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u
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p
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ndependen
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heck & v er
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tcomes t
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tions
, R
EDITRON
ICS EQU
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mode, pas s/fa
il ind
icators for each copy s ocket and as ounder t
o C
ont
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s
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t k ey command & t he end o f aprogramm ing run
.
d
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OR L
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. R
EDITRON
ICS i
sthe o
ne n
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ha
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ays i
tal
.
V
ariab
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Any of the 2 704/2708/2716 ( 3 ra
il
) & 2 508/2758/2516/
2716/2532/2732 ( s
ingle ra
il
) E PROMS may b es e
lected wi
thout S
end f
or d
eta
ils o
f a
ny i
t
em, a
nd o
ur fu
ll brochure
, of ar
ange o
f e
quip ment t
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very i
ntegrated l
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n t
he
h
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chain of ata
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- made s
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PRICE £ 545 + VAT . Postage paid

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V
abw
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R
EDIFFUS ION REDITRON ICS L TD
.,
e
et
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B
ULK E
PROM L
a Pouquelaye
, S
t He
lier
, Jersey, Channe
ls Is
lands

R
EDITRON
ICS
T
el
: Jersey (
0534) 30321 Te
lex: 4192341
U
.K. DEPOT
: R
iver V
ie w Road
, B
itterne
, Southa mp
ton
, Ha mpsh
ire
, U
.K.

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ISTR
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REATER L
ONDON E
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ITUNE L
TD.
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ondon N4 1D W T
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1 63
•

W W -032 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

M ODEL UV141 E PRO M ERASER

guA
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Log, .
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• 14 EPROM c apacity W
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c
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• R ugged c onstruct
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. F i
ll i
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at
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• MINS & ERASE i ndicators PPe
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fom Mores C
SC (
UK) L
td, U
nit 1
,S h
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tate, S
affron Walden
, E
ssex CB11 3A0
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•P r
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tage pa
id. Telephone
: (
0799) 21682. T
elex: 817477.
. . . . . . . . . .

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vi
MODEL UV140 E PRO M ERASER
CBP
-1 P
ortab
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ase
S
imi
larto Mode
l UV141 b
utwi
thou
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r. P
r
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- P
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p
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PROMS e'
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271 6 (
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6.60
(
s
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2708 (450ns) £4
.80 £4.30 £3.90 £3
.60 £3.40
DEDUCT A F URTHER 5 % FOR CASH WITH ORDER ON t
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efunded p
m,
THESE E PROM P R
ICES. w
ith f
i
rs
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--
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(
£7.15 N
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P
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nc
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t 15%. 1
E3.00 N
ett
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£4.25 N
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5.75

A
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P
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otnes (
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 2
7
W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981
2
6

a
tSON
IC S
OUND A
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f

1
BRITA
IN'S No
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AMBRIDG
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s
tru
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on
L
EARN
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AUDIO STORE
T
he L
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S
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purchas ing s hor tw ave equipmen t, be g
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t
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able tov iew a nd lis
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hotovo
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ls? d
ebugg
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, a
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S
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v
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c
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ion A
lso THE BASIC HAN DB OOK IBHB ) £
11.50 An e
ncyclopaedic
s
tudios . F ul
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ELEX 1
81-758 A
nswbk
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Calconsdg" g
uide t
o t
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ajo
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the
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equipmen t, In-carv id portables ,e tc
..
p
rograms
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l lead
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rs; B &O
. PHONE (
714
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65 8
303
Sanyo
,S ony, H
itach
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nd: ALG ORITH M W RITER 'S GU
IDE ( A WG
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4 ommunica
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P
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... .
b
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ow chart
! L
earn touse Y
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48-256 TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD L
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PM C
OMPONENTS L
TD. V
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Syste ms
CON
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 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
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1
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981

F
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ROJECT BOOK W
ITH APS NE W E
BBO B
READBOARDS
WITH EACH EBBO I
ANYBODY CAN BU
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M ONEY BACK GUARANTEE I
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When y ou buy aSUPERSTR IP BREADBOARD y ou buy ab readboa rd t

olastyou
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he mos tused
T
hree poweraces t
hatgive you t
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tac tpoints SUPERSTR IP accep
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ui
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og
ti
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D
IP's and disc
re te c
o mponen ts and with eightb us bars o
f2 5contactp o
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Editor
:
TO M I
VALL
, M
.I.E
.R.E
.
At
est
ing t
ime f
or e
lectron
ics
p
robe isb
ui
lti n
to MODEL 1 02 e
ach SUPERSTR IP wi
llt ake uptonine 1 4
-pin DIP's atany one time. u
nemp loymen ti nt h e UK ,r unn ing a t
Why w ould aB rit
ish n ational ized indu s
try
You should on
ly b uy abreadboard o nce sob uy t
he biggestsel
lerw ith ali
fe
time Deputy Editor
:
a
bou t3 00 ,000 ,w a sr ough ly ma tched b y
PO WERACE 1
01 9
23221 £
61.30 PH
ILIP DARR
IN GTON
n
otw ish t oa s
sociate itself p ublicly wi
th
guarantee. t
he n umber o fj obv acanc ie sa vailab le. B ut
PO WERACE 1
02 9
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95.80 0
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SUPERSTR IP SS2 9 23252 P R
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tua tion n ol onge r
PO WERACE 1
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23223 £
95.80 m
icrop roce ssors,q uite p rope rly,t o
Techn
ica
l Ed
itor
: i
mp rove i t
si ndustria
lp e
rf ormance? T h
is o
b tained . T he u nemp loymen tc urve b egan
GE OFF SH ORTER
, B
.Sc
, i
sw hath appened w ith a na rt
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o" take o ff" u pwa rd s,l eav ing t he
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IP-D
IP-D
IP-D
IP-D
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EST
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Pro
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itor
: employe r
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iona lized i ndu stry, unm istakab ly f oro ve r ad ecade .
• EX
-STOCK DEL
IVERY MIKE SAG
IN s
pecifical
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ENGTHS 0
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6
, 1
2,18
, 2
4,3
6” Co m mun
icat
ions Ed
itor
:
y
ou a nd m e, wha tt h
ey w ere d oing int h
is o
the rt echno log ie sb e
ing u sed t oi mp rove
M
I WITH 1
4, 1
6,2
4,4
0 CONTACTS TED PAR RA U
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u
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0
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U FULLY ASSE MBLED AND TESTED t
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t
hat,w ith an ationalb ackg round o f
a
l I
NTEGRAL M OULDED ON Ne ws Ed
itor
: e
conom ic recession and h igh t
h ep ub lic a r ena . I ft h eh ighe rl abou r
STRA
IN REL
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l
ip an AP TEST -CLIP over a
nI Ca nd M ART
IN ECCLES u
nemp loymen t,t hey felti twasn o
te xact
ly p
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• L
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1-661 3
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to
DOUBLE-ENDED a
lpr
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o
rquant
ity Dra w
ing O f
ice M anager
: t
echno logy w il lb eo ppo sed f ar mo re
a
n easy working level
. p
ermanen tr educ t
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rce?
CONTACTS 6" 1
2" 1
8" 2
4" 3
6" ROGER GO OD MAN s
trong ly t han i fw ew ere l i
ving i na n
2
2 NE W AP T EST-CLIPS TO P ICK
£
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4 £
2
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2
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2.63 Af ew y ear sa go t hea rgumen tt hatt he e
xpand ing e conomy . Tho se who i ntroduce
FRO M Techn
ica
l I
l
lustrator
:
£
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6 £
2
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2
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2.97 u
se o fe lectron ic si nn ew p roduc tsa nd i
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xa mples
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4.30 manuf ac turing p roce sse sw ould c reate s
e arch ing e xam ina tion ,t ha tt hey a r en ot
TC 16 9 23700 £
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sp laced w a sr ead i
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sw ake b y
TC2 4 9 23714 £
8.50 Product
ion & Des
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We can supp
ly DIP, SOCKET, P
CB, CARD-EDGE RS232,assembl
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ccep ted b ecau se o ft hec onfidence add ing e ven mo re p eop le t ot ha ts ad g roup
TC 40 9 23722 £
12.88 ALAN KERR
t
ested, r
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oru se
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orq
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ngende red b yt her ap id expan sion o ft he wh ich a lway sb ea rst heb run to fi ndu strial
Adver
tise ment Contro
ller
: f
ree-ma rkete conom ie sint he 1 950 sa nd change - t hep oo r,t heu nemp loyed ,t he
Unt
il now h obbyists h
ad t o b
uy professional solderless breadboards for their p
rojects a
nd pay profess
ional p
rices. Bu
t G
. BENTON RO WELL '
60 sa nd t h
er esu lting h igh levelo f un skilled ,t heh and icapped ,t he
now there's EBBO a b rand n ew tota
l b readboarding s ystem t hats n
o t only econom ica
lly priced but ofe
rs far more emp loymen t. T oday ,a l
though t h e chron ica l
ly i la nd t h ei n adequa te.
advantages toh obbyis
ts and schools.Att he c
ore ofthe system are two s
tarter packs,one f
ordiscrete c
o mponentprojects
, Adver
tise ment M anager
:
t
he other f
or i
ntegrated ci
rcuit(IC
) pro
jec ts
. Each starte
rp ack comes with an u mbe rofE BBO system modu les f
i
t
ted into a
a
rgum en tc ould s t
illb ev a
lid - b ecau se we One c an o nly b eg lad t h att h ese n ew
BOB N
IBBS
, A
.C.
I.I
.
t
ray and an i
lustrated booklet wh
ich guides y ou s
tep bys tep i
nb ui
lding ten projects
.B u
ild
ing ap rojec
ti ss
imple because c
an p o
in tt oac tua ln ew j ob stha th ave b een cond i
tion sa r ec learly u nde rstood b yt h e
t
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32 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
9
81 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
9
81 3

Using the 6 802 m icrop rocessor a nd À

1 c
o o

Nanoco mp
>
z
e
o
only 8otheri .
cs,t his microcompute r M/8 O

d
es ign provides u pt o4 Kofe.p.r
.o.m .
, 31
'

1Ko fr.
a.m .
,p .
i.a.,s i
xd igit d
isplay and » p
uo
i
n

upt o e
ight mon itor c om mands . 4
A
lthough i deala s at rainer,the b
yR. Coates
ue'
— e
•
c
i
z
o
i
n
Nanocomp i salso au sefultoolfor U i
n
°Z s
4 4
c
s
,
general mic roprocessor a ppl
ications.
T
he u n
itc an b eb ui
lt o no ne 4—
N
p
rinted circu it board a nd housed
w
ith ap owe rs upp ly in asma l
lc ase. o

Two p rob lem s wh ich p rev en t m any

e
l
e c tron ic e nginee rs f rom l earn ing t o u se
m
icroproce s so rs a re t he c omp lex ity a nd L
a
0 '
sa
Z
E
ID
c
os to ft aking t hef i
r sts t
ep . C on struc ting a o
sa
Led
u
ni t c an r educe t he c ost b ut may r equ ire <
P. t
C
s
ome t roub le shoo ting i fi td oe sn 'tw ork. A
s
imp le u n
i t t h
a t can b e b uilt e asily m ay
I
N
h
ave l imita tion s wh ich r es trict i ts u se.
With t he se p oin tsi nm ind , am icrop roce s-
s
ort raine rh asb een d esigned wh ich i ssuit- —0 — O
o
a
ble f o r an ovice b ut p rov ide s s uff
icien t i
n
8
e1 C
O
f
acilitie sf o ru se as at oo l. 0

Ab lo ck d iag ram o ft h e d esign i ss hown m

/
—a
M/d I
i
n F ig. 1 . On ly 9 i .
cs a re u sed , wh ich .
1
.
Sd

Av
ersa
tile a
nd s
imp
le
'
set
mak es c on struc tion q uite e a sy f or a nyone V
d

2516/ 2532
w
ith t h em in imum o fe xpe rience . The c en- 3
9
t
ral p roce ssing u ni
t i s a Mo to rola 6 802 . n
icrop
rocesso
rtr
ainer O
C

A
l though n
ot a p ar t
icu larly wel
l
)
1
N
7
-
7
,
7

706 /
known m ic rop roce sso r, i ti sb ased o n t he VOdI 4
(
De
ll
p
opu lar 6 800 d evice a nd i ncludes c lock

C3 2
g
ene ra tion a nd 1 28by tes o f r .a.m . T his T he final s ection o f t he b lock d iagram d
ecod ing t he t hree most s ign ifican t O
DD A
r
educe s t he c ost and s imp lif ies c onstruc - c
on ta ins t he i npu t/ou tpu t ( i
/o) c i
rcuit a
dd re ss l ine s. T h
i s p rov ide s se
lection o f 8 Ovd O
o

I
t
oe
t
ion b e cau se o nly o ne c ry s tali sr equ ired t o which d r
ive s the k eypad a nd d isplay, a nd 4K a dd res s b lock s, o f wh ich Y 1, Y 4 a nd • Z
t
i
'D
LSD

c
omp le te t h e clock g enera tion c ircu it. F or a
low si n
ter facing t oo the rc i
rcu i
t s
. Y7a r eu sed . No te t hatt h e mo sts i
gn ifican t k
eD SO

c
o
O
aY
e kfr

p
rog ramm ing , the 6 802 i si d entica l t ot he T he comp lete c i
rcu it iss hown i nF ig.2. a
dd re ss l in e, A 15 , f rom t he c.p.u. i sn ot r
-J
0 e L
5-
*
c
o <o
6
800 a nd i st heref ore w el s uppo r ted w i th A c lock r eference i s p rovided b y t he u
sed b ecau se s uffi cien t a ddress s pace i s Ced

3
.2786 MHz c rystal a nd C1. Howeve r,
s
oftwa re. A pa rt f rom t he c .p.u. r .a.m .,
o
th e r crystals b etween 4 00kHz a nd 4MHz
a
va ilab
Da
le w
ta p in
ithou ti
s DO t
t
.
o D 7 o f t he c.p.u . a re
o I1II11 L
C
)
t
he re a re t wo o the r b l ock s o f m emo ry 7 97
1

a
va ilab le . An e .
p .r.o .m . p e rmanen tly c
an b e u
sed w ith a n a d
ju stmen t to C1 for c
onnec ted t ot he d a ta b us. T he contro lb us n c
o E 3
s
to re s t he mon itor p rog r am , w h
ich t a kes r
e
l iab le oscillation . T he 6 802 c lock c i
rcuit c
omp rise s E , VMA .E , r ead/w r
ite, r eset L
E
ld 8
c
are o ft he g ene ral " housekeep ing" d uties d
iv ide s t he o scillator f requency b y 4t o (
connec ted b y ap u sh s witch a nd u sed t o O
C 3
-V1NA

oe
d o zvvv ,
s
uch a s s cann ing t he k eypad , r e freshing p
rov ide a n 8 19kHz s ystem c lock s ignal s
ta rt t he mon itor p rog ram a t switch -on , M/2
1

t
h ed isp lay a nd p rov id ing d ebugg ing f a
c ili
- (
02 o f t he 6 800 ) a t E . Th is f requen cy a
nd t oi n
itia l
ise t he i /
o c hip f or prog ram - o
e \

t
i
e s t o h elp w ith p rog ram d eve lopmen t. l
eave s as mal
l s af
e ty ma rgin f or t he d e
- ming ), I RQ a nd N M I i n
terrup t l ines
The mon ito r o ccup ies a bou t 8 50by tes o f v
ice s, wh ich h ave a m aximum o perating wh ich a low p rog ram e xecu t
ion t o b e i n
-
2b w c
n n \ OdI
I
o rD 1
;0
t
he e .p.r .o.m . T o i mp rove f l
exib ility, t he f
requency o f 1MHz . A7 4LSOO g atest heE t
er rup ted o r,i nt he c ase o f NM I( non -ma s- (7
1
(
I\ \ >
+ P
I +
.(„
ive .
r
A t
o
unit h as b een d esigned t o a ccep t 1 K, 2K s
igna l w ith VMA ( valid memo ry a ddre s
s) kab le i nter rup t), t erm ina t
ion o f amon i tor N c
o
c— e <
a
nd 4K e . p.r.o .m s s o t hat t he u se r c an t
o p rovide VMA .E wh ich i sused b y the c
ommand w ith t he A bo r
t k ey wh ich r e
- 0
-
1 0\ -
,)\ °N 4 \ 1
0 0
write p rog ram s a nd h ave t hem p e rma - a
dd ress d ecode r I C9 t o ensu re t hat other t
u rn s t he p roce sso r t ot he mon itor s wit ch é
o e
J c
• 0

n
en tly s tored f or a n a pplica tion s uch a sa d
ev ice s o n the b u s are o n
ly a ccessed when onp oin t. B oth i nte rrup ts a reconnec ted t o .""t g/
vv ,
d
ed icated c on tro l
ler. T he s e cond m emo ry av alid a dd ress i sp re sen t o n the a ddress e
x te rna l p in sf oru se b y ane xternalc i
r cu i
t >
•
-( A/ V- "--- .
b
l ock i s a1 K r .
a.m . f or d eve lop ing a nd bus. T he a ddre ss d ecode r g enerate s se
lect i
fr equ i red .
- --
s
t 7
:
A
em N'

r
unn ing p rog ramme s. l
ine s f o
r t h e memo rie s a nd i /
o c h
ips b y As m ent ioned p rev iou s
ly , three s i
ze s o f (
0
>

e
. p.r .o.m . c an b eu sed . A lthough t he2 708 ,
r
P G : 7 O
ist hec heape std ev ice i tw illp rovide o nly a
4
.
0
) i
n
B
us r
s mall a moun t o fs pa re memory s pace , a nd ,

itr equ i res + 5V , - 5V a nd + 12V s upp ly

111 1
1
r
a
a
il s
nd l
. T
e
he 2
ave j u
516 a
sto
nd 2
ve r 1
532 o
Ka
nly r
nd 3K r
equ
e
ire +
spec tive
5V
ly
r
,•
no
c
o i
n
fore xpan s ion .
o
EPR O M T he ma in r .a.m . i sp rov ided b y t wo 4 -
C
O
RA M
CPU 6802
2
708 /
2516 / b
it2 114 i .c s. W ith t he8 19kHz c l
ock , s low
2x2
114 2532 P IA 6821
1
024 b
ytes 1
024/20481
4096 b
ytes
LI1
E
xterna
c
l
onnector
F
i
g. 1.Bl
ock d
iagram. T
he 6802 i
ssimi
lar t
o
c
o
t
he6800 bu
tcon ta
ins ac
lock g
eneratorand
RA M 1
28bytes o
fr.
a
.m . O
C
1
28 b
ytes K
eyboard / 1
.
1
d
isp
lay F
ig
.2 .C omp le
te log
icdiagram.A l
though O j? >L
. i C
C 2

t
hecircui
tc an use a1K2 708 e
.p
.r
.o.m .
,2 0 o
o
r4 Kd evices ar
er e
commended b ecause o e
C
rysta
l
t
hey p
rov ide spare memo ry s
pace and
r
equi
re o nly one s
upply ra
il
.

www
.ame
rican
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'
s
torv
.com
 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981
3
4
a
ret urn ed o ffb y al o g
ic 1o nt hep .i
.a . l ine f
r
equ ency. T his w aveform w i
ll c onta
in
(
450n s) d ev ices w i
llw ork w ithou t t roub le .
T
able 1
. Memo
ry map
. which t urn s o n o ne o f t he s e
ven s hun t s
ome ripple. I
fa no sci
lloscopei snota va
il-
Ani npu t/ou tpu td evi ce, I C 4,t he MC6821
t
r
an sisto rs inI C 8.A lthough t his a rrang e- a
b
le, ah igh-impedanc e voltmet
e r c
onn ec-
p
e riphe ral i n
terf ace a dap tor ( p.i.a .), p ro - m
oni
tor 7
FFF
. men t i s aha le w astefu l o n p ow er, ( the t
ed topin 37 shou ld read between 24 and
v
id es t wo s ets of 8d ata l i
n es f o
r c ommu - 7
C00 c
on sump tion i sh ighe st w i th t he d ispl ay 2
5V. Ifthe fau
lts t
i
llp ersi
sts,itisli
kely to
n
ica ting w ith e xterna l c i
r cui t
s. O ne s et o f e
.
p
.r.o
.m. u
se
r 7
800
o
f
f)i tprov ide s as imp led riv ec i
rcu itw h
ich
e
.
p
.r.o
.m. b
e ad ry j o
int or ab oard fau
lt. Be cause
l
ine s ( PA ) i s t.
t.l. c ompa tibl e, a nd t he 7
400
7
000 i
nt hi sd esign i smo re i mpo rtan t. m
any o ft he t
rack s on the top si
de o fthe
o
th er ( PB )i sm .o.s. c omp atible. T h e l i
n es
T hep .
i.a. l inesa rea l
so u sed t or e ad t h e b
oard a r
e c ove
r ed b y c ompon ents
, i tis
c
an b ei nd ividua lly p rog ramm ed a si npu ts
k
eyp ad s witch es, b u
t f o
r t his o pe ra t
ion a
dvisab
l e to c
are fuly e xamine the b oa
rd
o
ro utpu t sa nd c an f ore xamp le , w ith s uit-
t
hey a r
e p rog ramm ed a si npu ts
. W ith n o b
efore th
ec omponen tsa re mounted.
a
ble b u ffering , d rive r elay s o r r ead t he
4
003 k
ey sp re ssed,n ol oad sa rep r esen t ed o nt h e
s
tat eso fm ic rosw itch e s. A lso a vailab l e a re p
.
i
.a
. O
pera
tion
t
.t.l . c o mpa tib le i nputs wh ich a re
f
o ur c on tro l lines, t wo f or e ach s et o fd a ta 4
000 t
he re for e p ul
led u p b y i n
te rn al r esis tor s. The m emo ry m ap f ort he u n
it i sshown i n
l
ine s, w hich c an b e u sed t oc on tro l t ran s-
Th ek ey s area rrang ed i n am atr
ix a nd I C7 T
ab le 1 . No te t hatt hee .p.r .o.m . o ccup ie s
f
erso fd ata b etwe en t hep .i
.a . and e xt ern al
s
e
l ec t s on e o ff o ur r ow s i nt he s ame w ay 7
000 - 7 FFF , a l
though t he m on ito r
d
ev i ces. Two a re inpu ts o nly, a nd t wo a re
1
3FF
t
ha t d isplay d igits a re s e
lec ted . I f ak ey i s .p
rog ram o n
ly o ccup i es 7 C00 - 7 FFF .
i
n pu tso ro utpu ts.T he i npu t sc an d riv et he
p
r
ogr
am r
am. p
re s sed i nt hat r ow , th e app rop riat e PAO - Add r ess es 7 E63 t o 7 FE7 a re u nu sed b e-
IRQ l ine s o t hat t he c .p.u . c an s ervi ce
1
000 PA6 i npu ti sp ull ed l ow. T or ead t h e k ey - c
au s e, i nt he o r
ig ina l u nit, r ou tin es f or a
t
h em i mmed iately i fr equi red. A llo ft he se
p
ad , e ach r ow i ss e
l ected i nt u
rn a nd t he p
ap er-tap e p unch a nd l oad w er e s t
or ed
l
ine s, t og ethe rw ith g round a nd + 5V , a re
i
npu ts mon i
to red f or al ow o no nel ine. B y t
he re. Th i s s pa ce c an b eu sed f orl oad a nd F
ig
.4. Assemb
led p
rin
ted c
i
rcu
itb
oard a
nd l
ayou
tde
tai
ls. T
he b
oard measures 2
00 x 1
20m m
.
a
va ilab le a t amu ltiway c onne cto r
.
i
den tifying t he r ow s e
le cted a nd t he c o- d
ump r ou t
ine s t o s uit t he u se rs s torag e
Tw elv e o ft he p .
i.a . d ata l ines a re a lso 0
07F l
umn p u
lled l ow , t he p ressed k ey c an b e med ium .
u
sed t od riv e thed ispl ay a nd k eypad . T he d
isp
lay b
uffer
d
e te rm in ed . T her esetb utton i su sed a ts witch -on ,o r a "
n r 7
(
.r a S t
i r
d
isp lay c omp r
is es s ix c ommon -ca thode 0
07A
A
l though t he p .i.a. l ines a r
e a va ilab le i
fc on trol o f ap rog ram i sl ost, t or un t he
1
.
e.d . n um e rals w h
i ch c an s how a4 - digi t mon
ito
r workspace 0 1 O f 0 ? 1 e0 ? l ")a
a
dd re ss a nd 2 -digitd ata. T h e disp lay d at a C
.
P
.U. 0
06A e
xte rnally ,t hey c anno tb eu sed t od riv ea n mon i tor p rog ram S ix teen h ex ade cima l
r
.
a
.m. e
xte rnald evi ce w hile s e
rv icing t hek eypad k
ey s e nt er d a ta, a nd t he r ema in ing e igh t
i
sn ot l atched b ut mu lt
ip lex ed, s o ac on -
0
060 o
r d i
sp lay. T hi s i s as ma ll p ena lty f or a k
ey s e nte r mon i
to r c omm and s
. La nd P
s
tan t r efre sh i sr equ ired . T hi
s i sa chiev ed
mon
ito
rst
ack s
imp le de sign , a nd d oe sn otn orm aly p re- a
res pare k ey s,,u sed i nt heo r
ig ina lf o
rl o ad
b
y t h e mon itor w hi ch h as as ub -rou tin e
0
040 sent ap rob lem . a
nd p unch w ith t hep ap er- tap eu nit,w hi ch
t
ha t c an b e u sed t o disp lay d ata i n a u
ser s
tack Con struc t
ion i ss t
raigh tf orw ard b ecau se c
an b eu sed f ore x traf acilities.
p
rog ram . D a
ta l ine s P BO —PB3 s e
l ec t
al c ompon en ts, e x
cep t f or t h e p ow er Th e
se d o n ot n eed t o b e s torag e r ou-
whi ch d igit i st ob e r e
freshed , t h e b ina ry s
pare
n
umbe rs a re de cod ed b y I C7 w hich s i
nk s supp ly, c an b e moun ted o n o ne p .c.b . t
ine s, b ut a ny r outin e t he u se r w ish es t o
0
000
S
ock ets a re r ecomm end ed f or t he m .o .s. write a nd i nclude i n t he m on ito r. L o ca -
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ne o f i t
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dev ice s a nd p in s f or al e xterna l c onn ec- t
ion s 7 DC4 /5 s hou ld c on tain t he 1 6
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o
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p
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it ch es a re at i
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he d isplay s, thu s t he a pp rop riate d igit i s
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egis
ter A t
he h oles a re d ril ed al i
ttle o versi ze t hey p
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s
e
le cted . S egm en t d rive i n
fo rma tion i s
4
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utput/data di
rec
tion r
egis
ter B c
an b e m ano euv red i np lace. I ft he c ircu i
t a
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p
rov id ed b yP AO -PA6 . R esisto rs R4 t o R 10 •
4
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ontro
l regis
ter A i
st o b e h ou sed i n ab ox, t he s witch es t
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t
urn t h e s egm en ts o n, a nd t he s egmen ts
4
003 c
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l regis
ter B s
hou ld b e r a
ised a s much a sp o
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F
ig
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ly. T
he p
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u ch a s L etra set. A l c omponen ts a r
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mo tm ted o n t h e t op s i
de o ft h
e b oa rd t o
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g
ethe r w ith f ou r w ire l i
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e 4-dig ith ex a dd res s
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e
. p
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nks a re u sed, ont hel e
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f
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o mitted a nd t he t wo l i
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e
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The p ow er s upp ly i nF ig.3 i s as imp le mad e,k eep e nter ing a pp rop r
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i
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hou s ed i n ac ase , s ee compon en t n ot es, o r s
tore s t he d i splayed d ata i n t he m emo ry
u
s ed o na no pen p rinted c ir cuitb oa rd. l
oca tion a nd a dvan ces t h e d isp lay t o t he
n
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T
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s
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f
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rst a nd o f
f last). A f
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s af
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e set( RST )a nd ad ash should l ightu po n t
he R k ey . T he c ond ition c ode r egiste r
t
he f ar l e
ft d isp lay. T his s ymbo l i s a c
on ten t s a re f i
rst d isplayed , t he r igh t t wo
p
romp t and indi ca te
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igit s d eno te t he r egiste r b eing d isp layed
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ond i
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rogram b y o perat
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nd ex r egist er, i
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ne
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ith p
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no s
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tack p oin te r p os ition ) a nd t he l eft f our t
i
on, t he continue ( CN) k ey wil
l run t he l
o
ca tion 0072/0073. T hese a
re se
t, dur
ing
c
heck t h
at the c ry st
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illating . Ift h
e d
igi ts s how t he r egiste r c on ten ts. T he I p
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ram f rom t he i ns
truc t
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llowing R
e set o pera
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illat
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dd ressb u
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c
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rent r
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lla bor t
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bor
t k ey, CN w ill m ake itcontinue fr
om f
acil
ity.
v
alue s
, p ar
ticul arly i fthe fr
equ en cy isn o
t SP, t he u nit w ill a utoma tica lly r etu rn t o t
he interruption p rovided t he abort k ey P
rograms
a
ss peci f
ied. Ift he o sc
illato
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fone ofthela
rgere.
p.r
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he
t
e
s t the Eo utpu to fIC Iw hich s hould b ea Go ( G) i su sed t og o t o au se r p ràg ram p
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t7800 -7BFF c
an b
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qua re w ave ato ne q uarter oft he crysta
l and A w ill a cknow l edge c omm and . When A
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i a
tely
. Two o
fthe
searegame
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 37
WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981 ,WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981
36

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Co mponent n
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ince t hes tart. morning s at 9a .m. loca
l time o n 7047.5
among a ma teu r s a s o ffering a s ystem
R
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lev is ion e qu ipm en t a dditional m emo ry r
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6
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A BC D E F L PCN G MR I Wo
rld
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a
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a
re u se ful p rog ramm ingN aid s
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ne ofthe moste l
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tions p
ow er o f 2 50 w a
t ts, b ut a re a dvoca ting
t
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igh th and d isplay s. T h ef irsti ndic atest he t
h at t he t echn ique i s b eing t a ken i n- i
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xtra p hone s egm en ts a bove 1 4,150 kHz
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tar
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umbe r o f c orrec t d igit s i n t h e c orrec t c
re asingly s er
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orld. Th e present e quipmen t includes a
nd a n ew p hone s egmen t f rom 7 075 t o
c
onv erts h ex ade cim al n umbe rs t od ecim ai p
osi t
ion s ( ca
lled b ull s). T he s econd i ndi- s
igne rs
. Wo rk a t S TL , H arlow , b y I an C
oll
ins, Raca
l,E ddy stone, "K W" ( Decca) 7
100 kHz . .. T he a ma teu r r adio c lub o f
a
nd v ice -ve rsa. A fter pre ssing G 7 800 , the c
ate s t he co rrect n umbe rs i n t h
e w rong Van ce , G 3 W MS , h a s shown t h at i ti sp o s- a
nd T r
io u n
its arranged t o p erm i
t t h
ree London Week end T elevi sion n ow h o
ld s
d
isplay w il b eb lank . F or ad ecima lt oh ex, p
lace s ( ca
lled c ow s). P r e ss Ia nd e nter s
ible v i
r tua lly t o d e s
ign a mob ile v .h.f .
s
eparate o
perating posit
ion s t
obem anned t
h ec al sign G 4L WT . C la s s Bl i
cen cesi n
p
ress La nd t hen e nter ad e c
im al n umbe r a
no the r numbe r..T he g ame f inishe s w hen r
ad io o n as ingle m icro ch ip b y u sing
s
imultaneous
ly. Staff o pera
tor si
nce 1955 t
h e s equen ce G 6AAA e tc a re d ue t o b e
f
rom 1t o6 5535 f o
l lowed b yI ,a nd t heh ex f
ou r b ull
s h av e b een d educed , a nd d
ire ct-conve rsion t echn ique s( Th eR ad io& h
asb een GeoffV o
ller, G 3JUL ,as
sis
ted by
T
he A
uthor i
s
sued s oon . . T he F .C .C . h ave " deregu -
e
quiva len tw illb e d isplayed . P res s Ia gain p
re ssing Iw illi ndica t et h en umbe ro ft rie s
. Electroni c E ngin eer, A pri
l 1 980 ). T his d e-
v
olunteers
. O ver t
h e years th
e st
at
ion has l
a
ted" much o f t he Ame rican 5 0 MHz
a
nd e nte r Lf o
ra no therd e c
im alt oh ex,o r P
re ssing Ia gain s tart s an ew g am e. B
ob C oates studied electronics atthe s
ign a gain u se s t wo-pha se ( quad ratu re)
R
olls -Royce A ero E ngine D ivision h
ad thousandso fc ontacts world
-wide and amat eu r b and w hich e x
tend s f rom 5 0 to
Pf or ah ex t od ecima l c onve rsion . A fter The s econd g am e i sc alled d uck shoo t t
echn iqu e s t o f acili tate d emodu lation o f h
as been vis
ited b y many o ft h
e mill
ions
where h e ga
ined a M D . In1 974 he 5
0.4 MHz , r etain ing a sc ompu l so ry b and -
e
ach c onve rsion p res
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j
o
ined a r e
sea rch & d evelopmen t who come totheScien ce Mu seum. p
lann ing o nly t hes egmen t5 0t o5 0
.1 MHz
a
nothe r
. w
ith an umbe r t oc on trol t he s p eed o ft he i
nteg ra
tion p rev iou sly u nob ta inab le i n
e
stab lishment a nd i s cur rently a
loca ted t oc .w . a nd conf in ing r epe aterst o
At ediou s a spe ct o fm achine c ode p ro- g
ame . W ith 0 020 a s as tarting p oin t
, r un r
ad io e qu ipmen t s" , t hough f urth er d e-
g
ramm ing i sc a
l cu lation o ft he t wo's c om - t
he p rogram a nd t wo d uck s w ill t rav erse
working o n microp rocessor s ystems
v
e lopm en ti se nv isaged .
R
SGB
's r
eco
rd y
ear t
h e s egmen t a bove 5 2 MHz .... A n ew
d
esign f or in
dus trial con
trol and d a
ta p
ropo sal h as b een s ubm i
tted t o t he
p
lem en t o ffs e
t f or b ran ch i nstruc t
ion s. t
hed isplay.T os hoo tt hed uck st h
ed isp lay a
cqu is
i t
ion. A part from e lectronics
, T
he a nnua l repor t o
ft he R adio S oc
iety o f
Thist ask i ss imp lif ied b yt h
eb ranch c a
lcu - numbe r (1t o 6f rom l e
ft t or i
gh t) mu stb e B
ob 's i n
teres
ts i nclude a mateurr ad
io H
ere a
nd t
here G
rea tB ritain (toJ une 30, 1 9 80)s how st ha
t R
.S
e
xpe
.G
r
.B
im
. R
en ta
epea
l 1 4
t er Wo
5 MHz r
rking G
epea te
roup f
rc apab
ora
le o
n
f
l
a
to rp rog ram a t7 A00. When t h ep rog ram e
nt ered w hen t he d uck i sp res ent. When (
G4D IH )
. E
xt en s
iv e t ropo spher
ic d u c
ting d u r
ing t
he m embe rship h as r each ed a n a l-
time
h
igh o f2 5 ,658, w h
ile total i ncome o ft h
e h
and ling s .s.b . s ignals, i n
itially , t
o b e l o
-
i
s e ntered S a ppe ars o n t he f a
r r ight h
it, t he d uck d isappea r s a nd t h e g ame e
a
r ly O ctobe r resul
ted i n m any c ontacts
S
ociety f rom a l sources f or t he f i
rst time c
ated a t t h e U nive rs
ity o f S h effield. A
d
isplay , w hich i nd icates t hat t he p rog ram f
inishe sw hen n o d u ck s a re l e
ft. T o term i
- b
etw een a ma
teu rs i
nt he south o fE ngland
e
xceed s£ 0
.5 m illion,r e
su lting i n as urplus p
rev iou sp ropo salf or al inea rr ep eat err an
i
sw a
iting f or t he 4 -d
ig it s t
art a dd re ss of n
at e t he d emon stra tion p rog ram s, p ress a
nd E aste rn E u
rope o n t he 144, 4 32 and
f
o
r t he y ear (after tax) o f o v
e r £ 24,000. i
nto c on s
ide r
ab l e o ppo sition a nd w as n ot
t
heb ranch i nstruc t ion. AB o rR ST a nd t h e mon ito r p rog ram w il
l 1
296 MHz b ands. T he fi
rst-eve r contacts implem ented .. T h e L inco ln S hort-
Ente r t h
i s f ollow ed b y I , a nd d w il
l b
er e
-en tered . b
etw een t he U.K . and C zecho slavakia b y The 1 979 Wo rld A dm in istrative R adio
C
on feren ce i sseen a s" succ e ssful from a n Wav e C lub h as n ow b een a lo tted t he
a
ppea ro nt hed isplay t or eque stt h e4 -digit Al
though t his u nit w as o rigina l
ly d e
- mean s of2 300 MHz ( 13cm ) d ucting w ere
amateu r p oint o f vi
ew" . T he R SGB a l
so c allsign G5 FZ, t he c all-
d
estina tion a dd re ss. When t his i se ntered , s
igned a s av ersa t
ile t ra
in ing a id, i tc an b e mad e b y s evera
l E ast Coa st s t
ations, in-
"welcome s" t he H ome O ff
i ce " Open s
ign o r
ig ina lly i ssued t ot he L in co ln W ire-
t
he t wo's c omp lemen t o ffset a ppea rs o n u
s ed a s ad esk top c ompu te r a nd a s as oft
- c
lud ing G 4BYV a nd G3LQR .
Channe l" p ropo sals as" be ing i nl i
ne with l
essS ocie ty i n1 922 . .T he mo stn o r
the rly
t
he t wo f ar r igh t d isplay s. I ft wo d ash es ware d eve lop ment t oo l. The s pare The w eekly "Wo r
ld R ad
io C lub" p ro-
i
t
s o wn v iew" a nd feels t hat a9 28 MHz beacon i s an ew 2 8.225 MHz s tat
ion
a
pp ear,t heb ranch i sout s
ide t her ange o fa e
. p.r.o.m . s pace a low s i tt ob e u sed a sa g
ramm es f o
r s hort
-wave l i
stene rs
, r adio
VE8AA l ocat ed i n t he C anad ian N orth
b
ran ch i nstruc tion . P re ss It op repa re f o
r f
orm o fc a
l culato r o r ac on trolle r. U se ful am ateurs a nd a nyone i nterested i n t he f
requency " shou ld s atisfy t he l arge
majority o fu sers, w hil
e a tt he s am e time We st T er r
i torie s o n a n i sl
and i n L ake
a
nothe rc alcu lation . p
rog ramm ing i nforma tion i sa vailab le i n r
ad io scien ces does not appea r int he pro-
Con twoy to a tl a
titude 6 5.5 ° No rth , longi-
The t wo g am es p rog ram s a re a t 7 A80 t
h e M6800 M icrop roce s sor I nst ru ction S et g
ramm e s chedule s o
ft he B BC Wo rld Ser- m
in im izing m ost p oten tial i nterference
e . t
ude 1 02° We st
. I th as b een h e ard i nt he
a
nd 7 930 . T he f i
rst i s "Ma sterm ind" , a nd Summ ary f rom Mo to ro lad is tribu to rs, a nd Componentk i
t v
ice f orJ anua ry 1981, though i ti sst
i
ll not p
rob lem s
."
Though t he report d oes n o
t m ention i t
, U.K . a nd s hou ld p rov ide av a
luab le g uide
a
f
te re n
te ring , Iw illa ppea ro nt h ed i
sp lay. an i d e
al b ook i s t he 6 800 P r ogramm ing We u nde
rstand t h
at T echnomat
ic, 17 c
lea rw he th e
rt hiswillprove t ob e atempo -
top ropag a tion s tudies.
Af
te r af ew s econd s
, r equ ired f or g ene r
a- Ref e
r ence Manua lw hi ch g ivesd e tailso ft he Bu
rnley Road, London N.W .10, w
ill b
e r
ary o r pe rmanen t cl
osure o ft h e "c
lub" . 1
9 81 a lso p rom ises t o prov ide a s pecial
f
ootno te i n the S ociety's h istory : w ife of PAT HA WKER ,G 3VA
t
i
on o ft he s ecret c ode, p re ss Ia nd t ry t o c
. p.u. a nd p .
i.a. d ev ice s t og e
the r w ith a o
ff
ering akit of c
omponen t
s in
cluding a S
t arted i n 1 967
, t h
is prog ramme h a
s r un
s
olve t h e 4-d igit c ode u sing n umbe rs 0t o f
ul d escr
ip tion o ft h ei ns truc tion s. p
rogrammed r.o
.m . f
or t
h
e Nanocomp .

www
.ame
rican
rad
ioh
isto
rv.com
 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981 39
38

c
ur rent s tat
ion s. H ed l eyhope s erves 1 000 maintain as t
eady f low o fm a
terialst om ee
t ope r a
tion t oc h eck t hep erfo rm an ce o ft he
p
eop l e
. t
hist a
rg et
. s
tat ion. H ea dvi se
sb o
th d ealersa nd m em -

T
he f
i
rst t
housand t
rans m
itters
Deficien c
i es in c ove rage a re m ea su red On m any s ma l
l BBC s i
tes th e con cr e
te b
e rs o f t h e p ubl i
c o n t he s pot a bou t r e
-
d
u r
ing d etailed s u rv eys b y t he s ervice t
ow er b ase (wh ich i n
clude s the b uild ing c
ep t ion c ond ition sa sh ef i
nd st hem .
p
lann ing s ection o f t he r esearch d epa r
t- b
ase)i sl a
id byB BC s t
aff. AB BC -de sign ed Sof aro nly t hep lann ing a nd prov i sion of
men t. P oss
ib le tr
an sm itt
ing s i
tesa r
ei nv e
s- p
re-fab r
icated b u
ilding i se quipped a tt h
e t
h e s ta
t ion sh av e:been c on sidered ,b utt he
t
i
g ated u sing t h
e c ompu ter a nd g r ound B
rookman s P a rk w orkshop s
. B uild ing, e
xpan s
ion o ft he n etwo rk s h asm ad e h uge
B
r
ita
in's u
.h
.f.c
o
lour t
e
lev
ision r
eaches 9
8
.7% c
overage p
rofil e
s d rawn f rom o rdnan ce s u
rvey t
owe rc omponen t
s.and a er
ia lsa reta ken b y demand s o n t he i ngenu ity o f o u r e ngi-
map s. S i
te testsa r
ec arried o u
tw ith mob i
le l
orry to t he si
te, w her e th e ri
gging t eam nee rs. A t se vera ls tages i nt he p rog r amm e
t
e
s t t r
an sm itters and a erial s and toc he ck p
u ts the pieces t o
g ethe r. T he a e
rial e ngi
- w hen t h
e re w as n o s uitabl e c omm erc
ial
b
yEd ward T
ricke
tt B
.Sc
., P
h.D f
or g ood r e
c eived s igna l
s. T he s
e m ethod s n
ee r pays ab rief v isi
t t o c heck t hat t h
e dev ice, t he e qu ipmen t h as been d esigned
e
nsu re t hat o p
timum c over age c an b e t
ransm itt
ing a eria
l ( which h ea ssemb led a t with in t he B BC . T he H edleyhope r e
lay,
BBC E
ngineer
ing I
n
for ma
tion D
epar
t men
t a
chi eved i n a ny a rea w he re d ef
icien c
ies t
hew orkshop s)i sag ood i mped ance m atch f
o r i nstance , h a s aerials, t ow e
r, t ran spos-
e
xist. when i ns
t a
lled w i
th i t
s feed ers
. H e c he cks e
rs, a mplifie rs a nd c hann el-selection a nd
A
t t his stag e, ei
the r t he B BC's site a c
- t
her eceived sign a
la nd i n
st alst hec omb in- c
omb in ing e qu ipmen ta lo fB BC d esign .
Ont he se
venth of Novembe r, 1980, M ike f
i
nd ing u sefu
l c hanne ls fo
r n ew r elays i s v
.h.f. si
te sw here poss
ible b utm any mo re q
uis i
tion s ection o r i t
s I BA c oun te rpart i
nga nd s pl
itt
ing f i
lte rs
. T he r e
lay e ng ineer The p rog ramm e h as b een ac on tinuing
Nev
ille
, s t
ar of 'Look No rth'
, o pened a g
etting diff
icult. s
i
t es h av e been o bta
ined o n t he s ame t
ake s o ver. T here h a s t o b e m a
in p owe r i
nstal
ls t he t r
an spo sers t o comp lete t h
e '
s
tory o fs male r a nd s maller station s serv-
s
mall televi
sion t r
ansmitting s t
a t
ion a t Where p ossible, e xis
ting v .h.f
. s i
tes l
andlord /tenant r
elat
ion ship. T he o b
s tru c- a
vailab le with in ac onven ien td is
tan ce ,a nd i
nstal
lation. T he t enan t's r epresenta tives i
n gf ew era nd f ew erp eop l e
. I nevit ab ly the
Hedl
eyhope i n the D e e mess V a
lley, d
oub led a su.h.f. transmitting s t
ation s al
- t
i
on c au sed b y t
errain is much g reate r at r
eason able a ccess. T hen t he l a
ndlo rd h as i
nstal t heir »t
r
an spo ser( s
) a nd f inally t h
e c
o st p e r p erson s erved i ncreased a nd t he
C
oun ty Du rham . The H edleyhop e relay t
hough mo re ma in s t
at
ion s w ere n eeded u
.h.f. th an atv.h
.f. and t he relay st
a tion s t
o p urcha se t he f reeho ld o r n egoti ate a manage r o f the t ran sm i
tte r ma intenan ce BBC h a s m ad e c on siderab le e f
f orts t or e
-
c
ontains the one thousandth u .h.f
. t e
le- a
nd h ave b een b ui
lt, w ith t he B BC f
il in t he gaps le
f
t b y t h
e ma in s ta
t ion s. l
ease o n t he s i
te a nd o b
tain p lann ing t
eam a cceptst heB BC e quipmen to nb eha lf du ce c omp lex ity a nd e xpen se. T he H ed-
v
i
sion transm i
tter t
ob e brough t in
to s e
r- r
espon sible f
or s i
te acquisi
tion o fh a
lft he The flat l ands of eastern E ng land n eed p
erm ission a nd air n aviga tion o bstruc tion o
ft het ransm i
tte r group , w ho willo perate l
eyhope s t
ation h as c os t s om e £ 50 p er
v
i
ce b ytheB BC. s
i
te sa nd theI BA respon sible fort heo ther v
ery few r e
lays but the heavily -popu lated c
learan ce
. I n s ome a reas t here can b e ob- i
t
.T he s t
ation i sn ow r e
ady f or s w
itch -on v
iew er w h e
rea s ah i gh-powe rs t
ation f or a
h
alf.A te ach sta
tion one organisa t
ion i sthe v
alleys o f South Wa les a nd i ndu strial j
e
c tion s t oe ven a s mall p ole o n env iron- a
nd a pp ropriate p ublici
ty i s a rrang ed den sely -popu lat ed a rea w ould c ost 3 0 or
I
n l
ess th
an 1 7 years
, 5 1 m a
in s t
ations t
hrough l o
calp apers ,t he' Service Inf orm a
- 4
0p .
t
enan t of the other. T he l a
nd lord i sr e
s- Yorkshi re a nd L ancashir e n eed v ery men talg round sb utt heb roadca stersa rea t
a
nd mo re th an 4 50 relay s t
ations h ave many. On t he w hole the r e
l ays serv ing t
i
on ' prog ramme a nd t he t rade, aw eek
p
on sible for the building, tow er or m ast
, p
ain s t oe rect t he mo st d iscrete st
ru cture
c
ome into service. W i
th t he exception of
a
erials a nd transmitters for i t
s o wn s er
- l
argerp opu lat
ionsh ave been b u i
lt,and t he c
on sisten t w ith per fo rm ing t he nece ssary ahead o f the o pening d a
te . A n e ngine e
r T
ransm
itte
rs
t
wo st
ations w hich d o n o
t c arry B BC2 f
rom t he B BC' s e ngin eering i nforma tion C
rysta
l Pala
ce was ates
t-bed fo
r u .h
.f.
v
ices: t he t
enan t organisat
ion l ooks a f
ter, numbe ro fpeople se
rved b ye ach n ew r e
lay s
erv ice. T hey h ave n o p owe r ofc ompu l
-
(
Sanda
le p rov ides B BC 1 S cotland f or departm en t vi
sits t he s e
rv ice area w ith a e
quipm en
tf o
r s
ev
eralyea
rsb ef
orei twent
i
t
so wn t r
ansm it
ters. h
a s fa
llen f rom h alf
-a-m i
llion ( Sheff ie
ld ) s
ory p u rchase ,a nd p lann ing c onsenth ast o
Dumfr
ie s and G a
lloway, a nd Wrexham - i
n
to programm e s
erv
ice i
n 1964 and the
The r e
lay n etwork a l
so u sed e x
isting d
own t o b etween 500 a nd 1 000 f or mo st b
eo btain ed i ntheu sua lw ay. s
u rvey v ehic
le i nt he f i
rst w eek ort wo o f
Rhos o
f f
ers BBC C ym ru/ Wales) a l the
s
ta
tion
s h ave t r
an smit
te r
s f o
r B BC2 a nd
BBC1 (
orB BC C ym rufWa le
s).
T
he main s
ta
tions
Hedleyhope i s al o
ng w ay from Crysta
l i
nth
eB BC
'su.h.f
.
P
alace, w here t he Un it
ed K ingdom '
s t
r
ansm i
tte
r
u
.h.f
. t e
levis
ion s e
rvice b egan in 1964, n
etwork
.
c
arry
ing t he b rand -new s erv
ice, B BC2.
L
ik e it
s pred e
ces sors (the orig
inal B BC
t
e
levision s
ervice in1 936 and ITV in1955)
. 4% O
rkney
BBC2 w as pioneering an ew broadcas
ting K
ee
lylang H
i
l
l I
s
lands
b
and o f hi
ghe r frequen cy than any used
b
efore inthe UK . B ut itwas al
so us
ing a
n
ew l i
ne s t
anda rd d e
stined t o be t h
e •E
itsha
l R
ums
ter F
o
res
t

v
ehicl
ef orcolou rt r
ansm iss
ions.
R
osema
rkie

The BBC 'su.h.f. transm ittern e

two rk is •
K
nock M
ore
am ajor engineering a chievemen t wh ich
s
t
retches t he le
ng th a nd b r eadth of t h
e •D
urns

c
ountry, f r
om B a
l tasound t o St Helier
, A
ng u
s•
f
r
om D ove r to Ferman agh a nd from t h
e
C
r
aigke
lly • Ma
ilss
tat
ion
S
ci
llies t
o P ete
rhead . T he p roblem c om-
p
ared with v .h
.f. i st hat mo re than 500 B
l
a
c
kH i
ll
s
t
ations h ave been n eed ed t o reach t h
e • S
elk
irk • ;• C
hat
ton
D
arr
el
p
resent 98.7 per c ent c overage o f t
he 5
m
ill
ion peop le i
nt h e UK . B y comp ar
ison, T
ot
ley Ri
se,Sheff
ield
.O ne o
ftheBBC'
s e L
ima
vad
H
ed leyhope,theB BC's500
th u.
h.f s
t
ation, T
he C
rysta
lP a
lace t
owe
rw here th
e
t
he B BC'
s 4 05-
line v .h.f. netwo rk needed w
ith modu lar
,3-legged t
ower,log
-pe
riodic c
ount
ry'su.h
.f
.s e
rvi
ces b
egan in1964
. T
he t
i
ny, u
nobtrus
ive ins
tal
lat
ions w
i
th 7 e •P
on
top P
i
ke

a
erialsand pref
ab r
ica
ted b
uild
ing,alo f u
.h
.f ae
ria
lsareinthewhi
te cy
linderatt
he w
ooden p o
le,log
-period
icsand p
re
- C
a
ldbeck/Sanda
le
o
nly 10 s ta
tions tog i
v e 99 pe rcent cove- • „ D
i
v

t
op
. f
ab
rica
ted bui
lding
. B
rougher •B
i
lsda
le W
est M
oor
r
age. B
BC d esign
. M
ountaig„

The u.h .f
. n e
two rk r epresen ts ag reat
Wi
nte
r H
i
l
l, •Emley
d
ealo fco-ope r a
tion between B BC a nd IBA
e
ngineers. T he s e
rvice h as been p lann ed
P
rov
iding t
he s
ta
tions L
l
anddona
e ,
M
oor
•B
e
lmon
t

M
oel-
y
-Pa
rc
u
sing the c ompu ter att he B BC 's r esearch TheB BC'st r
an smitt erc apita
lp rojectsa nd
T
he W
rek
in •
d
epa r
tmen ti nK ingswood , S urrey, w here a
rchitectural a nd civil enginee r
ing d ep ar
t- S
ut
ton W
al
tham
•
t
he t r
ansm i
tt ing p arame ters o f a l t he m
en ts are r esponsib le f or turning t h
e r e
- B
l
aenp
l y
f C
o
ldf
ield
T
aco
lnes
ton•

u
.h.f
. s t
ations i nt h
e UK p lus th o
se o fthe s
earch d epartmen t
's s p
e c
ification f or each P
r
eely, R
i
dge S
andy. S
udbu
ry
main s t
ation s i n n earby c oun tries i n s
t
ation i nto r eal
ity. T he s pecification i n
- s "i
ll • H
eath
' 7
_
Europe , a re h e
ld i n me mory . The c
lud es tr
ansm i
tted p ow er, channe ls, aeria
l „
,
c eCann O
x
ford
C
rys
tal,
S
tockho lm p l an of1 961 a located a l m ain r
adiation p atterns a nd h eight. T he mo st • P
alace '
,Bl
uebe
ll H
i
l
l
W
enwe M
•
end
i F
l
a
lnn
ing
ton M
idhu
rst _r t
o
ver
s
tat
ion c hann els and max imum p owe rs
, a
pp ropriate e quipm en t
, a erial s upport H
un
tshaw C
ross e S
t
ocek
l
and H
i
l
l
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H
eath
fie
ld
b
u t th
e d etailed p l
ann ing o ft he r e
lay s is s
t
ru cture a nd b uilding a re a l c arefu
lly
L
ooking u
pa tt h
em astatHedleyhope . Log
-
d
on e with t he c ompu te r. T he p ropo sed s
e
le cted tof ulf
ilt h
e se requ irem en ts
. C
a
red o
i
THi
l
l
B
eacon H
i
l
l
R
owr
idge
p
eriodi
cs abound. Thatont her i
ghti sth
e R
edru
th
p
aram eters ar ef edint oc heck f o
r p oss
ible r
e
ce iv
ing a
e r
ial
. The tr
ansmitting aer
ial Most componen t s a re orde red i nq uan-
i
nterf
eren ce. E ven though u .h.f. tran sm is
- p
uts mostp oweri nthedi
rection oft h
e t
iy a nd p a
r ts are alo cated t oe ach s t
ation C
hanne
l I
s
lands
I
s
les o
f S
ci
lly
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ionsd on otn orm al
ly p ropaga teo ve rgr ea
t s
t
ack offourwith al i
t
t
le a
trigh tangles to whi
l e ita waits it
s t urn t o b e b uilt
. A t
r
i
t,
d
istances, som e 500 stations, e ach u sing 4 s
ervea nodd few houses i
nt hatdirect
ion. p
res ent the b road ca sters are o pening 7 0 F
r
emon
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 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 4
1
a
o W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1

B
-BC a
lso b enefit ed f rom t hee xpe rience o f c
arr
ies t he v.h.f. radio, a s w e
ll as the
t
h e We stG erman sw ho h ad a l
ready b egun t
e
lev ision c hanne ls, t o the Me lva ig
au .h .f. s ervice . We a imed t o m ak e a l t
r
an smittero n the We s
terR osscoast
. T he T
he a
utho
r
u
.h .f . s tation s u na ttended , r equ ir ing f
eas
ibili
ty of alink toS he
tland viaF a
i rIs
le D
r T rickett was e duca ted at K ing E d-
main tenanc e r ath er t han o p erationa l s t
a ff
. w
a sinvestigated byt heB BC a nd th
ee ven- ward V I
I S choo l S heff
ield a nd U niver-
Sok ly stron sw ereu sed f ort hem ain s tation t
ual ins
tallat
ion w a
s t he responsib
il
ity of s
i
ty C o
llege D urham , gaining h i
s d oc-
p
ow e r a mplifier s b e cau se o ft he
i r r el
i abil- I
BA s taf
f. B o
th T orosay a nd B r e
ssay t
orate u nder a BBC r esearch
i
ty a nd l ong l i
fe. R ec ently t h e a mp lifier (
Shetland)a rec l
assed asrelaysb utactual
ly s
cho larship. H e b egan work ing f ort he
d
riv esa tt hes es tation sh ave b een r epl ac ed u
se k l
ystron a mp
lifie
rs f or th
e B BC s e
r- Corpo rat
ion i n1 968 . After as hor
tt ime
a
nd k ly s
tron a mpl ifie r efficien cy h as b e en v
ices a nd, o f course, c anno t e mploy i
nt he r esearch d epartmen t h e j
oined
t
he t r
ansm itterc apital pro
jec ts depart-
imp roved b y 5 0 p er c ent a l
though w e a re t
r
an sposers.
men t
. T hree y ears a go h e joined t he
s
t
ill e xpe rimen ting t oo b ta
in e v en h ighe r enginee r
ing i nforma t
ion d epartmen t
e
fficien cies. I nitially , p a
r a
llel t ran sm it ters T
he way a
head and i scurrently emp loyed a s ap ublic-
were u sed,w ith s e pa rate s ound a nd v ision The c urrent p hase o f t he r e
lay p ro- i
tye nginee r.
amp lifiers( i
.e. f oura mplifiers)s ot h ato ne g
ramme i st ak
ing i ns tat
ion s f
or asf ew as
h
al f o ft he s ystem c ou ld f a
il o r b e m a
in - 5
00 p eople a nd l ast May t h
e H ome S ecre-
t
a
in ed w h
ilst t he o the r c on t
inued i n s er- t
ary a utho r
ised at hird p hase for popula-
v
ice. L ater, w eu sed o ne k lystron e a ch f or t
i
on sa sl ow a s2 00,w herep racticable
. T he b
roadca s
ting a f
te rtha
t, butt her ema inder
v
ision a nd s ound w ith a' cut-ba ck ' c ond i- b
road ca s
t ersa r
en ow l o
oking tow ardse ven a
nd B and I I are under consideration f o
r
t
ion w he reby o ne c ou ld c arry b o th s igna ls s
imp ler a nd c he ap er equipmen t, 'S
ilver 6
25 -
line area t e
levis
ion o r anothe r n ear
-
w
i th al o
s so f7 dB i np owe ro utpu t. S
treak'b eing thef i
rsto fthis
. n
ationaln e
two rk.
Tran spo ser s a t t h e e a
rly r elay s u sed The H ome S ecretary h as a l
so g iven S
oi twou ld seem thatweh avee xploited
v
alv es w ith k lystron o r t ravelling -w ave - p
e rm i
ssion f o
r p eople i n commun it
ies of a
lt hep ossibil
itiesforterr
e st
ria
lt e
lev i
sion
t
ube f inal a mp l
if iers. S olid-state t r
an spo s- l
ess t han 2 00 t o i n
stall thei
r o wn cable b
roadca s
ting i n the United K ingdom . It
e
rs c am e i n early a nd w ere u sed i n
i t
ia lly s
ystem so rtransm ittersb ut,o fnecessi
ty in r
ema ins n ow t o u
se the n ext g roup o f
w
i th o utpu tv a
lv eso rt ravelling -wave t ube s Sha
tton E dge. T he 's
l
im line'towe rw as b
oth reC ept
ion a nd t ransm i ss
ion a tP hase S
tJ us
t. Ano
ther '
sl
iml
ine't ower b
utw
ith c
olabo rat
ion w i th t he b roadca s
ters. A l
- b
roadca s
ting b ands w i
th s atell
ite s a s
but t h e mo st p owe r ful a mpl if
i ers u sing o
rig
inally d eveloped f oruse inthe Peak Ir e
lays serving group so fp eop le d own t o '
panel
'transmi
tting a
eria
ls. r
eady mo re t h
an 6 0a pplicat
ion sh aveb een d
iscussed b y my c o
lleague D r G. J .P h
il
-
s
olid- statet e
chn ique sw ere5 0W u nits. F or D
istr
ictN ationa lP ark
. The 't
rough ' 5
00. r
eceived b yt h
eB BC . l
i
p si nhi
sa rti
cle sinth
isj ournalofO ctober
mo st o ft he s malle r s tation s, 2W a nd t he r
eceiv
ing a erials are j
usta bove the s
pecia
l The 4 05-line t r
an smissions i n Bands I a
nd Nov embe r1 980
.
The e ar
ly h eavy-du ty t owe rs w ere n ot t
e
rcapita
lp ro
ject
sd epartment
. T he c
oun -
s
tone bui
ld ing. T he c
an t
ilevered cy
linder
o
cca siona l 1 0W a mp lifi e
r s hav e b een a de- a
cceptable t o the e nvironm ent c onsciou s t
r
y t
hat th
er ou
te cros
ses i
ssor ugged th
at a
nd I I a re tob e p hased o u
t b etween the Iam indebted t othe BBC 's Dire ctoro f
c
ontains a' cardioid'transm i
tting aer
ial
.
quate. F or t hat, o ut o f t h
e B BC d e sign s p
lanners f or the P eak D i str
ict N at
iona l t
wo s
i
tesw i
thoute l
ectr
ica
l powera reused b
eg inning o f 1982 a nd t he end o f 1986. Engineer
ing f orp ermiss
ion t opubli sh this
d
epa rtm en tw as r oled t he ' B
lue S treak ' — P
ark. A n ew , mo r e e l
eg ant, t ow e
r w as f
o
r pa
ssive def
lec
tors. The c
hain oflinks Not a l o f Band I w i
ll be a vai
lable f o
r a
rtic
le.
n
o t ar o
cke t a st he n am e s ugge sts, b u
t a c
omm ission ed. N am ed t he s̀ l
im line', it
t
ran spo se r
/amp lifie r u nitw ith av ery g ood s
i
gn s d epartment h as d eveloped a n ew a
ppeared i n the P eak P ark a nd i n e v
ery
s
p ecification a nd d esign ed f o
r e ase o f t
r
an sposer, a l
ready' n icknam ed ' S
i
lver o
ther part oft he coun try f rom S tJ ust in
main tenance . I n
te rconne c
tion s a re t he S
treak' which out
-p erf
orm si t
spred eces
sor C
ornwa l
lt oF odderty i nE asterR oss. Even
mo s
t l i
kely s ou rce o f p rob lem s i n r .f
. a
tl owerc o
st. I
n av e
ry s malls pace
,f our2 - t
h
is w as t oo big for t he s mal
le r s t
ation s
e
qu ipmen t, s o a l o f t he B lue S treak 's w
att u nit
s c an be i n
stalled s ide-by-s
ide wh
ich u se e i
ther s imp le p oles o r al i
ght-
i
nterconnec ting l ead s a r
e v isible a nd a
nd o n
ly one spa
re isneces sa
ry b ecause th
e w
eight, modu lar t owe r d esign ed b y t he
r
eplace ablef rom t h ef ron t
. o
perating frequencies ar
e d etermined i na BBC's architectural a nd c iv
il e ng ineering

l
ing
A
lthough t
, t he e qu
his m
ipmen
ak
t h
e
a
s i
s p
ta
rov
n u
ed e
g
ly d
xtr
uck
eme
-
ly
s
eparateu ni
t. d
ep
p
r
a
ice
rtm
.T
ent a
he tow
t af
erw
i
a
f
th o
sd es
fi
ign
t
s p r
ed t
ede
ob
c
ep
es
u
so
tu
r
' s
p
Sma
lle
rte
lev
ision c
ame
ras
r
e l
iable i ns ervice. F or t he f u
tu r e, t he d e- b
yt heB BC t eamsw ho p reviou sly h ad o n
ly
The re i s ac on tinu ing p ressu re f r
om b road - A
tt heb ottom o ft hes t
o rage s e
ction e a ch l i
ne h
ind t h e t arge t, a nd i ss ub sequen tly u sed i n
A
eria
ls e
rec
ted t hea e
rials ystem sa fterc ontractor s
c
aste rs a nd i ndu striaPcomme rc ia l u se rs t o r e
- i
st r
an s ferred i n p arallel i nto a l i
ne r ead-ou t s
ynch ronou s d emodu lato r s t oo bta in t wo q uad -
h
ad ere
ct ed thea c
tua lt ower. d
uce t h e s i
ze a nd w eigh t o ft elev i sion c am eras. s
ection ,f rom w hich i ti sr ead o uts equen tially i n r
atur e modu la ted c olou r-d if ference s igna ls.
The m ost o bviou sf e
atu re of au .h .f
. m ain t
he t ime o fa n a ctive t vl ine, 5 2g s. Wh ile e ach In t hi s s ystem t he i nciden t l ight i mage i s
The b roadca sters n eed t hem s m all f or ENG
s
tat
ion i st hew hit egla ss- re
inf orced p l
astic (
e
lec t ron ic n ew s g athe ring ) w hile t he i ndustrial l
i
n ei sb eing r ead o ut as e
cond p atter no fc ha rge modu lated b y t he s t
riped c o
lou r f i
lter s t o
r
adom e w hich a pp ears a s ac ig arette-l
ike i
sb eing c ol
lec ted i nt hei mage s ect
ion . A lthough p
rodu ce at hree -channe l p ulse a mp litud e m od -
c
antileve r o n t he m ast s a nd t owe r
s. T he D
ist
ribu
ting t
he s
i
gna
ls u
s
o
e
rt
r s n
ob
eed t
e u nob
hem s
tru s
ma
ive f
l
l t
o
o moun
r s urv e
t o
ilance p
n m a
u
chine
rpo se
ry
s. c
ha rge i scollec ted f rom t hew ho le i mage a rea i n u
lated s i
gna lc on tain ing t het hree c olou rc ompo -
t
ran sm i
tting a e
rials c on s
ist mo s
tly o f A n umbe r o f m ain t ransm i
tte rs r eceive S
oon ,h ome v i deo w illb ea dd ing t ot hi
sp ressu re e
ach f ield, t h e t hree -pha se p ul sing s ystem n
ent sE R, E G a nd E R
. T he b ase b and a nd f i
rst
p
ane ls, n orm ally f our w aveleng th s h igh, (
s
ee N ew s, D ecembe r). Two r ecen t r e
spon ses c
au se s t he c en tr es o f c ha rge c o
lle ction t o b e h
armon ics a re e xp re ssed a sE '= a0 ( ER+EG+
t
heirf e
ed b yP o
s tO ff
i ce (B rit
ish T e
le com )
s
hifted u p a nd d own b e twe en f i
eld s t og ive i n ER) +(E R — (E G +E R) /
2) al c os ( œt+ )+ \ /(3/2 )
a
rrang ed i ns tack so nt hree orf o urs ideso f l
ink. T his a pplies t oa tl e
a st on e station i n f
rom t he e lec t
ron ics i ndu stry h ave b een t he
c
.c.d . ( cha rge c oup led d ev ice)i m age s ensora nd e
ffec t a2 :
1 i nterlace i n t h e ve rt
ica l d ir ection. (
EG— ER)al c os ( wt-
1-4)— /t/2 ).
t
he c en t
r al s pine . T he a er
ials a re in t wo e
ach r egion a st here a re r egiona l o pt-ou ts
t
he s ing le -gun p ho toconduc tive t ube f or Thu s t he c .
c.d . d evice i sc ompa tible w ith t h e I
nt hi s e qua tion t he f i
rst t erm i st he l um inance
h
alv es, f ed b y i ndepend en t f eeder s a nd o
n B BC1 . T he r em ain ing m ain s tation s 6
25 -fine t v s tand a rd, w here 5 75 l i
ne s a re s
ignal w h
ile t he r ema in ing t wo a re t he q uad ra-
p
roduc ing c olou r p i ctu re s. N ew e xamp les o f
p
ha sing i s a rrang ed t o g ive a n o ve
ra l
l t
ak et heirp ictu reb yo ff-airr e
cep tion u s
ing d
isp layed a nd t he r ema ining 5 0 l i
ne s a re u sed t
ure m odu lated c olou r-d i fference s ignal s w hich
t
hese w erep re sen ted a tt heI nte rna tiona lB road -
d
ownwa rd t i
lt t ot h e m ain beam . A t mo st BBC -de signed r ebroadca st
-qua lity r e- c
asting C onven tion , B righ ton , i n S ep tembe r, f
or f i
eld b lank ing p eriod s. a
re s ub sequen tly r ecove red i nt he s yn ch ronou s
s
tat
ion s on e a e ria
l c arri es al f our s ervices c
eiver s. R elay s ta
tion s a lmo st a l u se a
nd a l
so b y H ow ard S t eele, m anag ing d i
re ctor P
i ctu re q uality f rom t he GEC d evi ce i sn oty et d
emodu la tor s
.
b
u t there a re af ew w he re one i sus ed f o
r t
ranspo sers t oa void t h en eed f o
rd emodu - o
f S ony B roadca st, i n h is O ctobe r i naugu ral g
ood e nough f ort e
lev ision b roadca sting ,b utt he T he i nter-d igita l e lect rode s t
ru ctur e w hich
t
heB BC a nd o n ef ort heI BA s ervi ces. l
a
tion t ob as eband . I n an umb er o fc ases a
dd re ss a s c hairm an o f t he I EE ' s E lectron ics p
re sen t p e
r formance i sc laimed t ob e a dequa t e p
rodu ce st hep hase r e
fe ren ce c arr
ie ri srelated t o
Mo s
t e arly r elay s t
a tion s used c ardioid- D
iv i sion . f
or " a w ide v ariety o f i ndu stri a
l, p ro fessiona l t
hes pa tialp attern o ft her ed ,g reen , b lue c olou r
t
he P o st O ffice w as u nable t op rovide t he
a
nd m ilita ry a pplica tion s." f
i
lter s t
ripe s i n t hat ap air o f th e i nterleav ed
p
att ern t r
an sm itting a e rials builtt o aB BC n
e cessa ry l i
nk s a nd t he B BC p lanned i t
s T he c .c.d . i mage s en so ri sc l
aimed t obe " the
f
i
rstc onune r cialy a va ilab le s en so rw i
th t he f ul
l T he n ew s ing le-gun c olou rt ube,i n
tended f or "f
ing ers" o rd igitso ccup ie st h es ame h orizon tal
s
pe cifi
cation . E nclosed i n astruc tur al gap own l ink s ystem s t od o the j ob. T he t h
re e
6
25 -line t vc apab ility." D evelop ed b y t he GEC ENG ,c am e ra
s a nd d ev elop ed b y t he S ony C or- d
istan ce ( 27 gm ) a so ne r ed-g reen -b lu et r
iad o f
c
ylind er, t hey c on s
i s
ted o f ap ole w ith d i
- mo s
t o bviou s e xamp les a re i n S co tland f
i
lter s trip es ( each 9 i
im )
. As m a
ll o fsetv ol tag e
H
i rs t R esea r ch C en t re, Wemb ley , i tt akes t he pora tion , i s o nly 2/ 3i
nch i n d iam eter.
. I t i s
p
ole s o n o ne s ide. L ater a er
ia l s ystem s where t he f eeds t o th e I nne r a nd O uter c
alled t he T rin icon b ecau se o fi t
s s imila r
ity t o i
sa pp lied b etw een t he t wo c omb - shaped e le-
f
orm o f a1 4mm x1 0nun p olycry st al
lin e si
licon
were b ui
ltu sing c ompon entsd esign ed b ya Heb r
ide s a nd t ot he S hetland I s
land s a re c
hip m oun t ed i n a3 0-p in p ackag e( type n umbe r t
h e w el -known v erti cal-st r
ip e T rin i
tron c a- ment sf orm ing t h
i ss truc tu rea nd isa l
terna ted a t
t
eam a t t he B BC 's r esea rch d epa rtm en t
. a
l c a
r ried b ym i crow ave l inksi nst
alled b y MA357 ). T he i nciden t l i
gh t i mage i sc onve rted t
h ode -ray t v d isplay t ube m ade b y t h e s ame t
he t e
lev ision l i
ne r ate, s op rodu c ing t he p ha se
The t rough a erial ( resembl ing a p ig
- t
he b road ca sters. T he r elay a t T o rosay f
rom ap at te rn o f p ho ton s t o ac o r
re spond ing c
ompany . T he l ight i mage , inf act, i sf o
cu sed r
eference c arrie ro nto w hich t he re d, g reen a nd
t
rough )w a su s ed o cca siona lly fort r
an sm it
- (Mull) r eceive s it
s s ign a
l b y link f r
om t he p
atte rn o fe lec t
ri cc ha rge b ya n8 . 5nunx6 .4nun onto ac o
lou rf i
lte ra rray c on s
i s
ting o fr ed ,g reen b
lue s i
gna ls a re modu la ted . Ou t side t he t ube
t
ing a nd mo r e o f
ten f or receiv ing. T he and,b lue v ertical s tripe s, e ach o nly 9 m icron s t
hese p ha se-r efer ence a nd c olou r-signa l c ompo -
r
elay s tat
ion a t S outh Knapda le, a bov e i
mage s e
c tion o n t h e c h
ip , w hi ch c on tains 8 64
h
orizon tal e le c
t rode s a nd 3 85 v ertica l cha rge wide , w hich a re i nteg ral w ith t he f ace-plat e of n
ent s a re s epa rated b y ac orrela tion s y s
tem .
p
ane l a erial, e ssen t
ially t wo s l
o ts e t
ch ed Loch F yne i nA rgy l
lsh ire. T he m ain s t
a-
t
ran sf er c olumn s. T his c ha rge p a ttern i stran s
- t
h e t ube . A n u nu sua l f eatu re o ft he t ube i st he A n ENG c olou rc ame ra u sing t hiss ingle n ew
i
nto ap rint ed c i
rcu it b oa rd and p ane l and t
ion a tE itsh al ( Lew is) i sf ed b y a6 -hop t
ube w eigh s2 00g a nd o ccup ie s av olume o f8 0 cc
I
nside Hedleyhope . Gordon B owhay ,ofthe f
erred , b y at h
r ee-pha s e p ulsing a pplied t ot he c
o lou r c oding p rin ciple , w h
ich u s es ap hase
BBC's t
ransm it
te rcapitalprojects p
ro tected b y ap last
ic c ov er
, b ecame t h
e l
ink f r
om R osema rki e o n t he B lack I s
le r
e ference c arriero n
to w hich t h e r ed, g reen a nd c
omp ar ed w ith t he 1 200g a nd 6 00 cc o f a
h
o rizon tal e lectrode s, l i
ne b y l ine d ownw ards
d
epartmen t
,i sputt
ing t he f
i
nishing c
ommon b uild ing b lock o f the P hase 1 n
ea r I nv erne ss
. T his n etwo rk , w hich blue s igna ls a re modu lat ed. T h
is p hase r efer- c
orre spond ing t hree-tube ENG c am e ra. T he
i
nto as t
o rag e s ection o n th e c h ip. T he cha rge
t
ouches toh is'Blue Streak'installa
tion. s
tation ss erving p opula tion sd own t o1 000. s
tradd le s n orthe rn S co tland , w as plann ed c
olle ction p lu st ran sf ert ime i se qua lt oo ne f i
eld ence c arrier i sg ene ra ted w ithin t het ube b yt hé p
ow e rc on sump t
ion o ft het ube s uppl ies( 1.5 W )
T
he ins
trumen ts atb o
ttom l ef
ta re te
st The l og
-p e riod ic a erial h as s in ce t aken a
nd i nstalled b y s t
a f
f i n the c ommun ica- p
e riod ( 2 0m s i nt he 6 25 -
line s tanda rd ) and t h
e e
l ec tron b eam s cann ing a n i n ter-d ig ital i
s
, a sm igh t b e e xpec ted , a bou t at hi
rd o ft he
g
ear,n o
ts tat
ion e quipmen t. o
ve r a nd i st he c ommon c omponen t f o
r t
ionsa nd l ink su nito ft heB BC' st r
an sm it
- t
ran s fer t ake s p l ace i n t he b lank ing i nt
e rval. e
lec trode s t
ruc tu re ( r
athe r l i
ke t wo c omb s) b e- t
hree- tube c ame rac on sump tion .

www
.a me
rica n
rad h
is
torv
.com
 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981 4
3
4
2 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
981

8
1
7
,
)io noo•

E
lectron
ic c
o mb
inat
ion l
ock c
0 (
0 0
à
-
a f ,
o
Ma
ins i
ndependen
t,w
ith f
our d
ig
itc
ode v
ia k
eyboard o o c < M o o <
I i
n

c
a a
r
i

f
l 111
o "
I
C
-

o o o
b
yJan H
ruska B
.A.
o
0 4

Th
is a r
ticle describes h ow ak ey- p
iece o fV eroboard mea suring 107 x54mm
operated mechan ical lo
ck can b e a
nd h ou sed, al
ong w ith the bat
teries
, ina
c
onver ted t oa n electronic p
lastic box measu ring a bout 10 x1 90mm . T
win c
ab
le
c
omb ination lock b yt he addition ofa One t ype o f s olenoid o perated l ock
c
o m me rcial
ly ava ilable so
leno id which can b eused i nt h
es ystem isthe 1K
operated l o
ck, ak eyboard and s o me mode l from B aron S ecurity Group ( Re f
. o
o

c
.m.o.s. logic. I
nd esign,this lock is 2
.) wh ich c o
sts around £ 13.90 plus v.a
.t.
s
imilart ot he one p ublished i nthe Thi
s l ock w as used i n the prototype a nd
March 1 980 issue o fW .W .(Re f
. 1.
),b ut a
l
though t he manuf a c
tu rersspecify8 Va.c.
i
thas t he fo
llo wing a dvantages : a
st heo perating voltage,i tw orked re
liably -
4 E
l
ectr
ic
P
roce
s s
ing un
it
i
tistota l
ly independent o fthe ma ins: o
n6 Vd .c. l
ock
&batterie
s
i
tuses f e werintegrated c i
rcu its. .
Y
a
le l
o
ck
A
lthough t he author specif
ies a
s
olenoid lock for use w
ith the x2 >
e
lectronic system ,the keyboard and S
ystem o
pera
tion + + E
0
--g
b-AAC
-• 0-1
1
e—s/ W-e
a
cco mpany ing circuitcan beu sed f
or The 4 d igi
ts a re e n te red s equen t
ially v ia
t
h e 4 x4 ma trix h exadec ima l k eyboa rd a s 6-
VVV —• p .
a
ctivat
ion o f an u mberofd ev
ices f
or
v
arious applications. s
hown i n Fig. 1 .E ach d igit isd ebounced d
b
-vv V --•
a
nd e ncoded b y a7 4C922 e ncode r. The
r
esu lting b inary c ode i st hen f ed t o t he a
e
-J
f
ou r-stage s h
ift r egi ste rs f or wh ich t wo
The s ystem c on sist s o ft hree p art s
, ak ey- 4
015 d ual shift r eg iste r s are u sed . C om -
F
ig. 2
.Ift
he Yale a
nd solenoid l
ocks a
re
b
oa rd, ap roce ssing u ni
tw ith b atte rie sa nd p
a rison b etween t h ef ou rd igitsi nt he shift (
D
mounted assho wn here
, the d
oor can b
e (
D

asoleno id o pera ted l o ck. When t h ec orrect r

eg i
s ter s and t he c ode s et in b ina ry int he opened e
ither byusing t
he key o
rthe a
.
,
1
6d .i.l. s w
itche si st hen c arried o utb y t he
I
4
-digit c ode i se n te red v ia t he k eyboa rd

tor 4063
c
o mbinat
ion-lock k
eyboard.
o
4 0

o mparator 4063

tor 4063
o
utside t h e p rotec ted a rea t he s oleno id of f
ou r 4 -b i
t c ompa ra to r s
. I fb oth s ets of 1 6 c
o n 0
1

t
he e lect ric l ock i sa c t
iva ted f or a pp roxi- b
its c orrespond t he A=B o u
tpu t
s o f t he X •
,
Z
"

o mpara
c
ascaded 4 063 c ompa rato r
s w ill g o " h
igh"
4c
si

ompara
mately t wo s econd sb y thet ime rs ect ion of O'
N

r
-
4
.
- 1
p N

t
he p roce ssing u nit. The 4 -digit c ode r e
- a
nd t rigge r th e c .m .o .s . 55 t ime r wh ich N

t c
w
ill i nt urn e nerg ize t he l ock t h rough t he o

it c
it c
qui
red f or a ctiva t
ion i sp rede term ined i n F
ig
. 1.Co mplete c
ircuitdiagra m
. The a0 c a
, r
"
,
o o
r

-bi
buffe rc ircuitf ora bou tt wo second s.

b
b
ina ry f orm b y t he s etting s o n t wo 1 6 pin

4-
s
ett
ings ofthe swi
tches have been

-b
c
s
i

4
o
c

4
did. s witche s w h
ich may b e moun ted o n When c hoo sing a c ode, i ti sa dvisab le d
ra wn s
otha t acode of3,6 ,9
, 7wou ld b
e — 1
/ O

n
o t t ou se fou r i den tica l digits a s
, d ue t o r
equired t
oa c
tivate the so
lenoid.

tor 40
t
hes ame p . c
.b . a st he r esto ft he l ogic a nd o
t
iming c ircu it
. B ina ry c ode s etting p ro- t
h e s h
if t registe r lo gic , a n intrude r w ould
o
n ly h ave t o e nte r o ne c orrec t d igit t o

o mpara
v
ide s s ecur ity a gain st e asy r eading b y a
l
ayman . a
ctiva te t he lock i f ac o rrectc ode h ad b een
u
sed p rev iou s
ly . The s ystem d e sc r
ibed h as

t c
I
f amo rtise t ype s oleno id l ock i su sed in
b
een i n o per ation i n t he Med ical E ngi-

i
c
onjunc tion w i
th a s t
anda rd Y ale t ype

b
4-
l
ock , t he d oo r c an b e o pened e i
the r b y n
ee ring L abo ratory , Ox ford , f or mo re
u
sing a k ey o r t h e k eyboa rd c ode . T he t
h an s ix mon th s a nd e verybody f ound i t C
omponen
ts l
i
s
t
p
ro cessing u n
i t i nside t he p rotec ted a rea c
onven ient n ot h aving t of ussw ith k eys i n
r
equ ire s c onnec tion t o t h e k eyboa rd o
rde r t o gain a cce ss t o ab usy r oom w ith
o
utside v iaa ne i ghtc ore c ab le a nd c onnec - r
estric ted a cces s
.
14x4 ma tr
ix e ncoded h exadec i mal key
-
t
ion tot hes oleno id v ia at win c ore c ab le. A b
oard ‹ c
O u in
o b o o L
1
CJ à x X
o
4x4 ma trix e ncoded h exadec ima l k ey- 174C922 keyboard e ncode r (
c.m.o.s.) 8 d bi o
a u
b
oa rd i su sed . V anda lizing o ft h ek eyboa rd 24015 dual s
hift r
egister
o
rc utting o ft he w i res l eading t oi td on ot 44063 ,4
-bi
tc o mparator aa
oN JD
-I )
- e
n

c
au se activa tion o ft he l ock. 14011 quad 2-
inpu t NAND g a
te
3
.
1 5
55 c.m
.o.s.timer
The p roce ssing u ni t con ta ins t he l o g
ic c
' o o

dd
O

V
2d.
i.l
. sw
itch, 8
-po le s
ingle-
thro w c
o o
,
n
ece ssa ry t oi den tif y t he c o rrec t s equence c
s
, N
.

1ZTX300 o rsimilar n
-p-n tr
ans is
to r

6
in 1
o
ft hef our d igits a nd o per ate t he l ock , the
1T
IP32A orsim i
lar p-n-p powe rtransistor
sw
itche s f or s etting t he c ode a nd t he 6 V

063 P
11 Adiode o
o
p
owe r s ource . At otal s tandby c ur ren t of 115n r es
istor o

4
2
00nA i sr equ ired f ort he c .m .o.s l o gic i.
cs 2 1
0kn „
a
nd as hor t-bur st c urren t o f7 00mA wh i
le 1
6 1.51
‘
./
In „
t
he s oleno id i sb eing a ctiv ated . S ince t he R
efe
rences
: 11nF capac i
tor
l
ock a ctiva tion t ime o ft wo s econd si ss mal
l 2 1
0nF „ C y
1
.A lan Oakley
, W ire
less Wo rld, March 1980,
c
ompa red w ith t he s t
andby t ime ,f our HP2 1100nF „
ay
(
2
1 ,
p
.65-67, "E
lectronic co mbination lo
ck" . L C

1330nF „
t
ype b atte r
ie s connec ted t oge ther w ill give
e
y
o w
2
. "Remo te Control E
lec tric Locking Systems"
14.7
i,
LF tantalu m c
apac
itor -
c
,
Ea (
s y <
1 7 1
5
1i .

o
pe ration f o
r u p t oo ne y ea r. I fr equ ired, l
eaf
let
, B aron S ecurity G roup, 3 4/35 Dean
1471
.
1
.F „ .È
a 0
.
/L'
y
t
hep roce s sing c ircu itc an b e made u po n a S
treet
, London W I V5 AP , Tel
. 01
-439 4 536
. o

www
.ame
rican
ra
 44 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981
WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981
45

L
ow-speed d
ifferent
iator
1
/4 406 6

Mon
ito
ring s
l
ow c
hanges i
n l
ong
-te
rm e
xpe
rimen
ts 3
3p
+6V
P
in 7
1 3
130s
3

b
y L
. H
aywa
rd, D
epar
tmen
t o
f G
eology a
nd M
ine
ralogy
, U
nive
rsi
ty o
f Q
ueens
land 1
00k
3
130
OV
I
npu
t 2 2
i
on
1
00k 1
00n

6V Pl
3 i
n4
3
0 ,s
OV
Wi th c er ta in e l ec tro - chem ica l e xpe ri
- V
ariable
'men ts,i to ften b ecome sd e si
r able t oo bt
ain i
nput F
i
g. 2
.Low
-speed d
i
ffe
ren
tia
tori
nou
tl
ine
. OV

t
he d eriva tive o f t he o utpu t v oltage/t
ime V
.F.
1/
4 4066
c
u rve i no rd er t h at c hange s int he ra
te o f
c
hang e o f a mp litude b e com e mo re easi
ly
o
b serv ed . S uch e xpe r
imen ts o ften l as
t 3
m
inu tes o r e ven d ays, a nd c on sequen t
ly
t
hec l
ass ic t yp eo f RC d ifferen tiato rs e
en in M 2
D
uff 1n
,F
ig . 1i sl ike ly t ob e o fl i
ttle u se, ast he o
utput
V
.
c
hang es a re s o s low t h
a t g reat a mplifi
ca- Co mp
.
Amp
. OV
t
i
on i sn e ce ssa ry, r e
sul ting i n e x c
es s
ive 1
N914 1
N914
n
oi se m ask ing t h e o utpu t.

n
RV +6 — 0
. -
This a r
ti cle d e sc r
ibe s a n a l
terna t
ive 5
k 1
5k
+6
f
orm o fd ifferen tiato r
, t h e b lock d iagram F
1
00k 1
0k
1
4 1
1
/ 4066

o
fw hich i ss hown i nF ig. 2 . When r ead in Mono- 1
/4 4093 1 2 5
c
on junc tion w ith t he t iming d i
ag ram o f s
tab
le
1
3
F
ig. 3 , t he o pe ration i sa s follow s. 40
13
Ab uf fe r p resen ts t he i nput s ignal toa
6
p
airo fc .m .o .s. t r
an sm ission g ates. T hese
a
re a l
te rna tiv ely s witched o n f o
r s hort [
1
1 j 9 11018 1 16

p
eriod s,a sd ete rm in ed b yt hec lock g ener- C
lock g
en. CK
F
/F
F
i
g. 3. T
iming d i
agram shows need fo
r T
.0. S
e
r
lect a
equ
s
ired
4n7 •
Output
a
tor a nd t he s ampl ing p e riod mono stable. t
h
ird t
r
ansmission ga
te t
oavo
id r
eversa
lof
+6 -6 1 n
-6
Thes amp led v o
ltage sa tt 1and t 2ar
es tored s
ample p
olar
ity.
1/
4 4093
0V - 12
i
n C1,a nd C2 r esp ective ly. T he v o
ltages 1
N914
5
a
cro ss CI a nd C2 a r e b uf fered b y voltage C
lock
1
00k
A (

f
o
llow ers ,a nd a pp li ed to ad i f
feren tiala m-
p
l
if ier
.A fte rt 1and t 2,t
h er e
su ltan to utput 470r
1
f
r
om t hed iff eren tiala mpl ifieri sp ropo rt
io-
'n
a
l t ot h e d i f
f eren ce o ft he c ha rges o n CI O 0
/P

a
nd C2 t h atw er es etu pd uring t h ei n
terval F
i
g. 4
.Comp
let
eci
rcu
itd
i
agr
am. 4
013 i
sa d
ual
, D
-
type f
l
i
p-f
lop
.
t1t o t 2.I n o ther w ords V «, 0=A v/A t
.
The t im ing d iag ram s how s t hat, wh i
lst
a 0
/P
t
hes amp le st 1tot 2a nd t 3tot 4, e
tc., areof
t
hes ame p ola ri ty,i .e.A -B ,, t
h ep eriod st 2t
o
t
3 a nd t 4 t o t 5,e tc., g ive a r eversal of
p
ola r
ity,i .
e. B -A . C on sequen t
ly , af urther Mono 0
/P

S
a mp
le '
A'

S
a mp
le '
B'

S
a mp
le
r
esu
lt F
i
g. 5
.T hoeff
ect o
fa d
just
ing RV
2 fo
r di
f
-
I
nput f
e
ren
tia
l ba
lance. T
r
iangular
-wave i
nputat
ti
2 4 t5 6 (
a
)shoul
fd p
roduce s
quare
-w av
eo u
tput
, a
s
Outpu
t
a
t(c
)
.

I
nput v
ariab
le
OV
s
ampling gate i srequired toe l
imina te the o
fc a
ipacitor
, and fine t uned b yt he poten- RV 2 f
or maximum f l
atn ess o
ft he squa r
e-
F
ig
. 1.Ord
ina
ry ty
pe ofRCdi
ffe
rent
iato
r— u
nwan t
ed p eriod . Ano utputs t
orage c apa- t
i
ome ter RV I.T h
e o n ly o ther adjustmen t w
av e output.
u
seles
s fo
r very l
ong t
ime i
n
terv
als
. c
i
tor and ou tpu t buff
e r complete t he de- i
s1 ,
Yy RV 2 (d
iffer
en tial b al ance)
. T his is The ci
rcuit descr
ib ed i susefu
l w h e
re a
v
ice
, the comp lete c
ircuit be
ing s hown i n mom e asi
ly se
t b y o bserving t h
e result of t
r
end , r
athert han absolu te r
esul
ts,a rer e
-,
F
ig. 4. t
he t r
iangle wave i npu t ( in Fig. 5)
. T he q
uired. Clear
ly, this s imple des
ign c ould
I
n operat
ion , m aximum s ensi
tivity w i
ll o
'
uttputf r
om t h
ed iffer entiato ru ndert hese b
e el
abo ra
ted tor educe o ff
sets
,a nd t ouse
b
e obta
in ed w hen the clock fr
equ en cy ap- c
ond i
tions should be as qua re wave, since r
a
the r t
han elimin a
te t he al
ternat
ive s am-
,
p
roaches the f as
test r
ate ofc hange o fthe
-I
we have aconstant p ositive r ateo fchange p
i
ing p e
riod, by mo re c omplex switching.;
A- B B -A A -B
n B -A
B
B -A A -B s
i
gnal.C l
early,t heclock fr
equen cy s hould (
gradient)fol
low ed b y an eg at
ive gradient, C
on s
idering the
s elimitations,thed i
fferen-
n
otb eequalt o,o rles
st han thi
s.T hec lock and th
ea mpl
itudeo ft hi
ss quarew ave w il t
i
ator performs w el
l a nd produces c onsi
s-
T
I ME
f
r
equ ency isr oughly adjusted by selection be re
lated tothe inpu t f requency . Set u p t
entresul
ts.

www
.ame
rican
rad o
h
isto
rv.com
 am
ur o
4
6 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN UARY 1
981 WIRELESS W ORLD JANUARY 1
981 4
7

•
Phase s
ynchronised
monostable o
scil
lator
+5V

1
0k 1
0k Two mono stablesf orm a no sci
l l
atorw ho se
phase c an b esyn chron ised w ith ani ncom -
i
ng p u
lse. T he c ir
cu it w as or
ig inal
ly u sed
6
k2 1
k 6
k2
t
o r epl
ace a d amped r e
sonan t
-amp lifi e
r
-
100p 1
00p
c
lock r e gene r
ating c ircuit i n a d a ta
r
eco rding s ystem . A na
logue d ata from t he
1
3 1 1
3 1
8 s
ign al p ro cessing s ystem w as p eak d e-
8
+
10-5V E
nab
le
o t
e
c ted , and t h ew r
ite d ata w as encoded t o
W
ideband amp
lif
ier h
av e am aximum o f four c lock p eriod s
b
etw een p eak p ul
se s.
Forl ow s i
gn a
ll evel application s, thi
s a m- P
eak p
ulse 7
400 1
22 1
22
The o scilla
to ri sstarted b yt hef i
rstp eak
p
l
if ier o f
fers low n oise a nd a 9 .8 MHz 3
2
2n D
isc p
ul se w hich o ccu rsa tt hes ta
rto feach da ta
b
andw idth w ith a m inimum a moun t of c
eramic s
team . S uc ce
s s
ive p eak p ulses u pdate t he
f
requency s e
lective p eaking. A s ar e
sult,
p
h ase o ft he oscilato r a nd keep t he clock
t
he o utpu t si
gnal h as an a lmo s
t c onstant
i
np hase w ith the a nalogue d ata. If ap eak
p
ha se relat
ion ship w i
th t he i nput s i
gnal,
p
ul se ise arly, M1i st r
igge red a nd M 2 i s
which i mprovess tabil
ity.
The c i
rcuit is b as
ically a c ascode a r
- r
ese t
, w hi ch e f
fec t
ive ly resets thep hase t o
z
ero . Ift hep eak p u
l se isl a
te, M 1i sretrig-
r
angemen tw i
th t heo utputb uf f
ered b ya n > 04
emitter f ol
lowe r. I npu t i mpedance a t g
ered wh ich e xtend s i t
s p eriod b y t he
amoun tt hep ul
se i so verdue.
2MHz i s1 8.5ke, a nd t he v oltage gain i s
3
2dB . T he — 3dB b andw idth p oints are E
. M . D avies
6Hz a nd 9 .8 MHz . Ou tpu t a mpli
tude Towc es
te r
r
ipple i sl e
ss th an 1. 2dB o ver t he p a
ss- No rthan ts
b
and , and t hem aximum o u
tpu t vol
tag eis
3Vp k
-to-pk. A
nalogue V
isua
l f
i
re e
fec
t
D
. R . W igh tman s
igna
l Ar eal
istic fire effec t, s uitable f ora ma teur
Waih i d
rama tics,c an b ea chieved w ith t hec ircu i
t
New Z ealand s
hown . Aw ooden b ase c a
rries t hree 6 0W
b
ulbs,t h
et wo o ute rl amp sa rer ed a nd a r
e
p
ermanen t
ly o n t o p rodu ce t he e f
fe ct o f
glowing c oals. T he m idd le b ulb i sy ellow
a
nd f l
ash es r andom ly t og ive t h
e e ffect o f
fl
icke r
ing f l
ame s
. T he u niti sc overed b ya
loge ff
ec t mou lding t aken f r
om a n elect r
ic
fi
re.
A4015 s hift re gister a nd t h e exclu sive
D
ynam
ic n
oise r
educe
r — OR g ates f orm a m aximum l eng th
p
seudo -random s equence g ene rato r
. T h
is
This c ircu it wa s d eveloped f or u se w i
th a
i
sc l
ocked a t1 0H z b y t he oscila to r u sing
g
ood q uality casse tte re co rde r, s uch a st he
V
oltage c
ontro
lled f
i
lter Schm itt t r
igg er A . T he p seudo -random
L
in sley Hood d esign , w he re th e c ost a nd
pattern o f o nes a nd z e ro s atp oint Xr e
-
c
omp lex ity o f aD olby B o rs im ila rs ystem
peats eve ry 2 5s, a nd g a te Ep reven ts t he
was n o t j us
tified. No ise f r
om a r ep lay ed
g
ene rato r f r
om l ocking u p int he a l-ze ros
t
ap e i s mo st n otic eable a t low r eco rd ed
s
ignall evel s
,a nd t hen o ise s pect rum p eak s s
tate. D iode s D i, D2 a nd D3 p rovid e a+
i
nt he 5t o1 0kHz r egion . R edu ction o ft h
e 10V s upp ly f or t he c ircu it, a nd T r
i, Tr2
3
9k
b
a ckg round n oise i sachieved b y a pp lying C
2 g
ene rate ap o si
tive -go ing p ulse a tp o
in t Y
ap rog re ssive t reble c u t t o si
gna ls w hich e
a ch time t hem ain sv o
lt ag ep asse st hrough
R
3 3
k9
f
a
ll b elow a bout — 35dB ( r
elativ e t o t he z
ero . T hese p ulses a r e g ated w i th t he
n
om ina l O VU r eplay l evel), t o r ough ly i
n p
seudo -random s equen ce b yg ate B. G ates
4070
match t he f a
lling t reble r espon se o f t he D1 1
N4148 Ca nd D g ene rate an eg ative-go ing p u
l se at
e
ar. p
oin t Z, w hose w id th i sd e
term ined b y R2
C1, tot r
igge r the t riac j us
t a f
te r t he z ero
Av oltag ec on trolled f i
lte ru se s ad i ode a s
avariab le r e
sistan ce e lem en t whi ch i smod -
Rf
c
ro ss
ing p oin ta nd e l
im ina te inte rferen ce.
4078 J
.A . H . E dw ards
u
lated b yt hed ete cted s igna ll evel. A th igh
E Leicester
s
ignall evelst h
eg ain i su nity o vert hea ud io

(
)
s
pe ctrum , b ut f a
lls t o — 10dB a tf r
equen -
1
n5
c
ies a bove 5 kHz a st he h .f. con t ent o ft he
i
npu ts ignali sredu ced. T he level -de te ctor
A
1 a
nd A2 . 1/
4 XL
f
y132 4
d
elay t ime a nd s en si
tivity a re d ete rm ined
V
ty= V s
urSp
ly
b
yR da nd R fr espe c
tive ly. As te reo n oise 4070 0 10 2 0 30 4 0 10 20 30 4
Vs
upp
ly +
12 t
o +24V , 1
00n
r
edu ce r c an b e b uilt using o ne LM324 o r D 1/
2 40
15 D 1/
' 2 40
15 3
k3
s
im i
la r q uad o p-amp . F o r re co rding , a S
igna
l l
eve
l d
etector
CK CK
c
omp lem en tary c hara c
t eri st
ic c an b e o b-
t
a
in ed b y c onne cting D i i n s eries w ith 2
70k
C
iR 2 i nstead o f C2R3.
G
. C . H ammond 4
70
Nunea ton
Wa rwi ck shire
2
k2

www
.ame
rican
r r
v
.com
 4
8 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 4
9

:
Si mp
le s
.
c.r
. o
sci
lla
tor +
11 t
o
,
7EM
, T
MI
E
.
+
15V 1
00V
F
ig. ( a
) s how s ab asic s .
c.r. oscillator w ith
afrequency o f 7kHz . The v oltage a cross
t
he s.c.r. rises until there i ssufficien tg ate
c
urren tt o s wi
tch i ton. The a node r esistor

T
he B
roadcas
ting A
ct1
980
i
sc hosen s ot hat when t he s.c.r. conduc ts,
t
he c urren t isbelow t he m inimum s ustain
c
urren ta nd the device s wi
tches of . An ew
c
ycle t hen s t
arts
. S upp ly voltage a nd tem -
p
erature a re cri
tical a nd n ot e very s .
c.r.
w
il
l o scillate. An i mproved c ircu it iss how O ne o ft hem ain e ffec tso ft heB roadca sting A ct, a
nd t h
ere w il
l b e al evy payable t ot he Exche- t
ran si
tiona
l p rovis
ion f or i ndependen t local
i
n F ig. ( b) where a n i nductor , s uch a s a wh ich r eceived t he R oya l A ssen ti nN ovembe r, q
uero nt heirp rofi
ts. T he ra
te ofl e
vy iss e
ta t40 r
a dio inex
ist ence b eforet heintroduc t
ion oft he
s
peake rc oi
l,i sconnec ted i ns eries w i
th t he i
st oe xtend t hel i
feo ft he I BA b yf i
ft een y ea rs
. p
erc ent, butt hi
s( l
iket he6 .7 pe rc entlevy on l
egislat
ion). B ut afirst ILR con tract i
na n area
U nde r p rev iou s l eg
i slation t he l i
fe o ft he I BA t
he profi
ts o fI TV con tractors
) c ould b evaried p
r eviously unse rved b yI LR m ay run for amaxi-
c
apaci
to r t
o prov ide an outpu
t frequency (
b
)
(
a) was d ue t oe xpi re a tt he e nd o f 1 981 . N ow , a s b
y orde r
. A lso, the I BA w i
ll b e able tom ake mum o ften y ears
. I n addit
ion , t h
e IBA i sr e
-
f
rom 1 00Hz t o 1 0kHz. The c omponen t
s
r
ecomm end ed b y t h e A nnan C omm itte e o n g
ran
t s tol oca
l radio con trac
tors. T his wil
l ena- q
u ired t o r e-adv erti
se b oth I TV a nd I LR
,a
re not cr
itica
l a nd the ci
rcui
t w il work
b
r oad ca sting , t he A utho rity w ill g oo n u ntil t he b
lethe A utho r
ity toh elp thee xpansion o finde- c
on tractsw hen t hec ontractp eriod scom estoa n
w
ith aw ide range ofs upply vo
ltages
. B e
- e
nd o f 1 996 — a nd t his m ay b e e xtended b y p
enden t local rad
io a nd t oimp rove t he qua
lity e
nd . T heILR w i
llh avet opubli sh anotice o
fi t
s
'c
ause the b
ack e.m .f
. ofthe i
nductor he
lps s
tatu to ry ins trumen tf oru pt of i
v ey ea rs. o
fit
ss ervice. i
nten t to ente r ac ontract and t he date from
,t
o swi
tch t he s.
c.r. o
ff, t
his p
rincip
le can Ano th eri mpo rtan te ffec to ft heA cti stoh and Under t he A c
t, I TV a nd ILR c ontracts wi
ll whi ch t
hec ont ractw il
lr un run a nd in
viteappli-
b
e used to control ad.c. l
oad a
s shown i n o
ve rt he f ou rth t e
lev i
s ion c hanne l t ot he I BA t o r
un for am aximum o fe ight years (subject toa c
ation sforth atc ontract.
F
ig . (
c). Current t
hrough t
he l
oad c
an b
e p
rov id e an ew s erv ice ( o
the r t han i n Wa le s)
.
c
on tro
lled between 25 and 90% wi
th t
he He re t h
e I BA h as t o e nsu re t h a
t t he f ou rth
c
h anne l prog ramme s c on t ain as uitab le p ropor -
po
ten t
iome ter.
t
ion o fm att erc a
lcu la ted t oa pp eal t ot astes a nd
D. D i
. Mar io v
c
Rome
1
2k
i
n
e
n
ter
sur
est
et
s n
h a
ot g
t as
en
u
i
e
tab
r ally c
le p
a
ropo
te
r
red f
t
ion o
o r o
fp
n I
rog r
TV; t
amme s
o
P
tarmigan Af
d
ia
ll
ul
l r
ing
a
, c
nge o
all t
f f
ran
a
ci
sf
li
e
t
r
ie
, h
s
, s
old
u
ch a
, c
s a
onf e
bb
ren
revi
ce a
ated
nd
I
taly

-
Vcc
10V
L
inear I
.
e
.d. c
ont
rol
a
r
v
a
eo
t
fa
ion a
ne duca
nd e
t
xp
iona
erim
ln
en
atu
t i
re ;t
n p
oe
rog
ncou
ramm
rage i
ing a
nno-
nd t
akes o
ff s
t
s
y
o
s
rag
t
e, a
em c
rea
an h
va
and
i
lab
le t
le
e
. I
leg
na
raph
ddi
,d
tion t
a
ta a
os p
nd f
e
a
ech
csim
,t
i
h
le
e
.
L
inea r con
trol of 1
.
e.d. i
ntens
ity c
an be g
ene rally t og ive t hef ourth c hanne l ad i
s t
inc tive
Ve - Vb P
lessey, thep rime c on tractorf orthe batt
lefield D
evelopm ent o f Pta rm ig an s t
a rted i n 1 973,
-2
-35V a
chieved with one op-amp
. The input i
s c
ha ra ctero fi tso wn.
c
ommun icat
ion s ys
t em , Pt armigan, say thati t
s a
nd f i
rs
t d eliverie s o fe quipm ent a re expec ted
v
aried from +5 .6 to —6.2V where the P
rog ramm es w il
l b e o bta ined a nd a ssemb led
t
otal value w il
l b e " several h undred m ill
ion a
round 1 982 , although t here a pp ears t o be a n
1
.e.d .ex
tingu
ishes i
nto s chedu les b y as ub sid iary f orm ed b y t h
e
p
ound s", a nd t hati tw il
l p rovide over 400 new e
lemen t o f u nce rtain ty a bou t t his. T he a rmy
1
N
1916 P
. Am in I
BA f ort ha tp urpo se. F inan ce f or e ngin ee r
ing ,
j
obs. S ub-con tra c
to rs i nc
lude S TC , Ma rconi, s
eem stot h
ink t hatt hes econd h al
fo ft h
ed ecad e
Vb t
ran sm itting a nd s upe rvi sing t h e f ou rth c han -
Output
Harlow A
i r
tech, B ICC , Ma rshall o f C amb r
idg e a nd i
s amo re r eali
stice xpec ta t
ion , and t hem id-'80 s
V
a n
el, a nd f or t he p u rcha s e b y t h e s ub sidiary o f
Es
sex Memb rain. P l
essey's o rde r book n ow st
and s at h
asa l
so b een m en t
ioned .
p
rog r amme sf ort hes e
rv ice ,w ill c om ef r
om t he
I
nput 1
0k £
1,200 m i
l l
ion . B
oth Ple ssey a nd G ene ralB ea ch ( Mas
t erG en-
ITV p rog ramm e c ompan ie s, w ho w ill h ave t he
P
ta
rm igan i sd esigned f or the Bri
tish A rmy e
ra
lo fthe O rdnance )f ind t hem selve su nab le to
r
ightt osella dve rt
i sing t im ea mong f our th chan -
T
achometerindica
tes
-
10V
a
nd RAF i nG ermany ,a lthough i tismeantt ob e c
omm ent o n t h e a wa rd o f t he p roduc t
ion
A
l
l r
e
sis
tor
s 1
:
2% n
el p rog ramm esb roadca sti nt heirr egion s
. T he
c
ompa tible w ith oldere quipm en tsuch asB ruin, c
ontract v is-à-vis t h e m oratorium o n new d e-
r
ota
tion s
ense I
BA w ill b e r equ ired t oi nclude i n i t
s a nnua l
which itr eplaces, a nd o ther s y
stem s be
ing d e- f
ence c on tracts i n
troduced o n A ugust 8 . It
r
epo rt i n forma tion a bou t t he w ay t he f ou rth
Rotation s peed a nd s en se can b e detected v
eloped i n E urope. I ti s atrunk d ig
ita
l r adio s
eem slikely t hatt h
ep roduc tion c on tracti sc on-
c
hanne l serv ice h as d iffe red f rom t he I TV s er
-
by t wo p hototrans istors a s shown . One n
etwo rk w i
th a ccessf o
r' s
ub scr
ib e
rs'a nd isdes- s
id
e red a c ontinua tion o f t he d evelopm ent
v
ice, b o
th i n c on ten t a nd s ou rces o f p ro-
monos tab le istriggered b y the p hototran- c
r
ib ed b y G en eral S i
r Hugh B each a s "l
ik e c
ontract a nd c onsequen tly i mmune t oca ncella-
g
ramm es
, a nd h ow i n nova t
ion a nd e xp erim ent
s
istor wh ich turn s o n firs
t, depend ing o n S
y s
tem X w i th c a
r r adiophone , only mo re so". t
i
on.
h
as b een e n cou raged . I nf orm ation w ill also b e
t
he d i rection o f rotation . T r
3 inhib i
ts the r
equ ir ed a bou t c omp ain ts r eceived c once rning
r
e ma in ing monos tab le a nd aRC c omb ina- t
hes a
le o fa dve rtising o fe i
the rc hanne l
.
t
ion p roduces ad e
lay t o perm i
t triggering The A ct p rov id es f or We lsh L anguag e p ro-
o
ft he f ir
s t mono stab le. The l ight sources g
ramme st ob ec on cen t rated o nt hef o urth c han -
mu st p roduce aVc e o f3 00mV f or Tri and +5V n
eli n Wa l es,w ith t hep o ssib ility o fc hang ing t o
40pA
/50k
at wo-channe l s o
lu tion a f
t er ap eriod . A We l sh
Tr2, a nd S chm it
t t riggers a re r ecom - Counter ,
e-c

7
. r
o
i
F
i
l
i
e
c
lockwise A C
lockw
ise Fou rth C h anne l A utho rity , c on sisting o f a
mended t o p
roduce f as
t t r
igger e dges, es
-
c
ha irm an a nd f our m embe rs a ppo in ted b y t he
pecially a t s
low r otationa l speeds.
Home S e cre tary, w ill h ave o ve rall r espon sib i
l-
S
. I on i
t
y. A s ub stan tial p ropo rtion o f p rog ramme s
Roman ia mu st b e i n We lsh. Wh en We lsh p rog ramme s
7
4121 -7
4121
a
re n ot b eing b roadc a st p rog ramm es s hown o n
t
he c hanne l w ill n orma lly b e t ho se b eing
T
ri T
r2 t
ransm itted o n th e m ain f ou rth c hanne l s e
rv ice
o o a
tt hat t ime. T he B BC w i
ll h ave t os upp ly t he
Welsh A utho ri
ty w ith We lsh l anguage p ro-
+5V
g
ramm es f ree o f c ha rg e a nd t he I BA 's We l sh
c
on trac tor h as t od o s oi nr e
tu rn f or p aym en t.
1
k 4
70 1
k
T
ri
Th e l a
st-men tioned c ont ra cto r m ay s el
l a dve r-
t
i
sing t ime o nt hef ou rth c hanne li n Wa les.
o
The We lsh A utho r
i ty's e xp en se s w ill be m et
b
yp aym en t s a greed b etw een i ta nd t h e I BA ( o
r
T
r2 T
r3 R 3
3 i
nd efau l
t o fa g
re emen t, f ixed b y t he S ecreta ry
o s
.
AC
126 o
fS t ate)w h ich t he I BA w illr a
ise f rom t heI TV
k
, p
rog ramm ec ont racto r s.
As election o ft heA ctp rov ide sf orn ew f i
nan -
T
ri BPX25 , T
r2 BPX 2
5 c
ia
l a rrangemen t s f or i n depend en t l o
ca l r adio.
o R
en talp aym en tsw illb em ad et ot heI BA b yt he
I
LR c ont ra cto rs i n r esp ect o f t he A utho rity's
c
ost i ns up e rvising a nd e xpand ing t he s y
stem , P
tarm
igan mob
ile '
s
ubsc
ribe
r't
e
rmina
lin aL
and
-Rove
r.

www
:ame
ricanra bh
isto
rv.com
 5
0 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 5
1

US l
oca
l TV
Two
-yeartr
ia
lp e
riod f
or SRC
,inf
lation,
as te
lla r i mag e s een n ear t he S un w as a n e arly
s
tat
ions c
onf irm ation o fE in s tein 'sp red i ction ,t hisi st he

s
ubscr
ipt
ions t
v r
ecommended E
ins
tein and
f
i
b
rst o
een s
I
na
c
e
ca s
en a
no
ion o

the
st
ra
wo
r
n w
.
ea o fi
hich o

t
sa c
tiv
ne s

ity,t
tel

h
la

eS
r objec

RC r
t h

epo r
a

t
s

s
F
s
ol
ubm
low
it
ing h
ted t
is c
o t h
e H
ons
ou
idera
se o fC
t ion o
ommon
f ar
s i
epor
n F eb
t
-
m
o
en
f t
t o
he s
fT
how
r
ad e w
ing o
ill n
f f
o
i
t c
lm
ha
s i
rg
n t
e al
he p
e
i
vy i
lo t s
nr
c
espec
heme
t
s
, Hund redso fl ow-powe rl o
cal t e
levis
ion s t
ation s q
uasi s
tel
lar o
a
n i
nd t
tsi
h
nvo
e Mu
lv emen
lla
tw
rd S p
ith t
ac e S
heU
cien
n iv
ce L
ersity o
abo ra
fE
to
ssex
ry o f
r
u
h
a
a ry
s d
, t
e c
he H
ided t
ome S
oa
ecre
low 1
ta ry
2 p
, W
i
lo
i
l
t s
liam Wh
cheme s i
ite
ns
law
ub
,
-
a
l
though al
t
he a dmin ist
i
cence f
rativ e c o
e
e w
st
il
s i
l b
ncu
e c
rr
ha
ed b
rged t
y th
oc
e H
ov
om
er
e
m
r
e
ay b
comm
es etu
end a
t
pi
ion
nt h
eU
. W i
SA a
th ap
s ar
ow e
esu
r o
lto
fa
f ar
bou
e
t l
cen
kW
t
m
irages U n
ive
GOES
r s
ity C
-2 s ate
o
l
l
l
lege i
i
t e. T
n o
hi
b
ta
s i
in
nf
ing d
orma t
ata f
ion p
rom t
rov ide
he
s
'
s
crip tion t v ( using c ab le s ys
tem s) t o b egin Office. a
nd c ove r
ing ar easw i
th ar adiuso fa bou t2 5km ,
The c ontinu ing s ucce sso ft he S c
ien ce R esea r
ch c
onf irma tion o ft he l inea r i nstab ility t heo ry o f
ope ration i n t he UK , i nitially f o
r at wo -yea r L
icen ces h ave b een g ranted f orb roadca st r e
- t
hey a rei n
tend ed fors pecia
liz ed servicess uch a s
Counc il in d ischa rging i t
s comm itm ent t o the p
lasma p hy sics a nd i se spe cially s i
gnifican t b e-
p
er iod . l
ay s ince t h
e l a
te 1 920 s, fi
rstt or e
lay s ound a nd d
ealing w ith lo
c alcommun ity event s
.T hey have
s
ocia l
, t e
chn ica l a nd e conom ic r am ifica tion s of c
au se o ft hei mpo rt ance o fp lasm at e
chn ique si n
I
n aw rit
t en a nsw e rt o aq u es
tion f rom C olin t
hen t vp rogramme s. I n 1965 a ne xpe r
im entw as b
een p lanned n o
t t oi n
te r
fe re with t h
e b road -
i
n dustry a nd a cadem ia,i ns p
iteo ft her igou rso f pow erg ene ra tion b yn u clea rf usion .
S
hephe rd ( the MP f or H ere f ord), h e s aid t hat, s
et u p a s ar eaction t o sugg estion s b y s eve ra
l c
ast
ing o f n orm al
, h igh p owe r c omme rcial
i
nflation, i sg iven d etailed s uppo rt i ni t
s r eport Du ring t h e c onf eren ce t o i n
t roduce t he r e-
s
in ce i t" wou ld n otb ep ra ctica ln ora pp rop ria te c
ompan ie s
, r esulting i nt hre e c ompan i es be ing t
e
levi sion sta
tion s,b utt heN ationalA sso c
iation
f
or1 979-80,p ub lished e a r
ly in Nov embe r. p
o rt, S i
rG eo ffrey A len , C h a
i rm an o ft heS RC ,
f
or t he H om e O ff
ice t o s upe rvise t he p ro- i
s
sued w ith licence sf ora ne xpe rim en ta
ls e
rv ice. o
f B ro adcaste
rs i n t he U S i sw orried b ecau se
A
long side c ompa r
ison s o f e xpend itu re o f s
aid t hatt hec ut-b a ck si nf und ing c aus
ed b yt he
g
ramm e ss hown n o rt oe xe rcise t hef unc tion so f Howev er, two o ft hese compan i es d ecided t h
at t
hey t h
ink the F CC m ay n ot hav e studied t he
g
ran ts (£19 m illion i n1 9 79 compa red w i th £ 3/2
1 p
r esen t g ov ernmen t
' s p olicie s h ad n ot b een a s
abro adca st
ing a u
tho rity" , mo sto fth eb ro ad ca st t
he r e
strictive c ond itions i mposed b y t he P ost p
roblem s t h
orough ly e nough . O bviou s
ly , t hee
m
illion i n 1 970) t he r epor t reco rds s om e " stri
- s
eriou sa sw ase xp ect ed w hen h eg avel asty e ar
' s
ma ter ia l w ou ld c ons is t o f f eature f i
lms . Office ( which w as t he li
cen s
ing a utho rity i n p
rop rietors ofe x
ist
ing c omme rc
i a
l TV s t
ation s
k
ing d iscov eries." T he m ost n otab le o ft h
e se is r
epo rt
. H owev er, t he re i s a" c ashf low" p rob -
L
i cen see sm ay n ots e ek e x clu sive r igh tst os h ow 1
9 65) a nd t he l a
ck o fcomme rcial a ssur ance f o
r w
ill s ee the new s ervice as ap oss
ible t h r
eat t o
p
robab ly t he c onf irm at
ion o fE in stein 's p red i
c- l
em , i n
t rodu ced b y c on tr acto rs ( p
resumab ly
s
po rting a nd e ntertainmen t e ven ts o f na t
iona l t
he f u
tu r e
, w ere n ot accep table , a nd s urren - t
heirp resenta dv ert
ising r e
v enue s
.
t
i
on , m ade f ifty y ea rs a go, t hat g ravit ation a
l wor r
ied a bou tt h ec h ance so fp aym enti fl e
ftt o o
i
mpo r tan ce. A dve rti
s ing w il n otb ep erm itted . d
er ed t heirl i
cence s.
f
i
eld s could a ct a s" len se s". Du ring au niform l
a
te )p ut
ting i nb il
lsi mmed ia te
ly .
Asw ell asb eing r e qu ired t oc onduc tr esea rch The t h
ird c ompany , P ay-TV L td , m oun ted s
urvey o f q ua s
i-s tellar o bjects ( q
.s.o s) a t the Among t h ef acil
itie si ntrodu ced i nt hec u
r ren t
i
n
to p ub lic r eaction s t o s uch a s erv ice, e ach e
xpe r
imen ts i n L ondon a nd S heff
i e
ld a nd Nuffi e
ld R ad io A stronomy L abo ratory , J od rel y
ea r, t he e lectron b eam l i
thog raphy ' u ni
t s a t
l
i
cen see w ill b e e xpec ted t o mon i
to r p rog r ess o
pe r ated t echn ica lly s ucce ssful s erv
ice s f rom Bank , ar adio s ou rce w asi d
entifi ed w ith ac lose Ruthe rfo rd a nd A pp l eton L abo rato r
ies c arry Aprayer modem i nit
sa ssemb ly s
tage bya
a
nd s ubm it r epo rts t o t h e H om e O ffi
ce f r
om 1
9 66 t o 1 968. T h e c ompany w as s a
tisfied t h
at
On 7N ov th
eB BC 's 1000th co
lou rtvt r
an sm i
t- p
airo fq.s .
oso n ap ho tog raph .T hey w ere f ound i
mpo rtan t i mpli cation s f or e ngin ee r
ing i n t hat T
ibetan operative a
tL hasa. E
ach verse is
t
im et ot ime. t
he r e
sul ts show ed t he accep tibility o ft he s er
-
t
erw asp utinto service (s
ee DrT ricket
t'sa r
ticle i
n c ollabora t
ive s tud ies a t Kitt P eak O bser- t
hey c an p rov ide ap re c
i sion i .c. m ask-m ak ing a
ssemb led inh exadecima lfarm before
The H ome S ecreta ry a lso s aid t hat h ei sc on - v
ice a nd t hat c omme rc
ial v i
ab ility c ould b e
t
hisi sue)
. T het r
an sm i
tteri sl
ocated atH edley- v
ato ry toh ave i den tic a
ls pe c
traa nd n ea r
ly e qual s
ervice , s upp lem en ting t he d ev i ce f abrica tion b
eing modu lated and passed into a"loop"
s
ide ring al evy "fort heb enef ito ft h
ef i
lm i n du s- a
ch ieved i fcover age c ou
ld b ee xtended f r
om t he
h
ope i nC o
. D u
rham a nd will s
erve about 1 000 b
righ tnes s
, c oup led w i th i denti cal l a
rg e r ed- f
aci
litie s a lre ady e st abli shed a t E d
inbu rgh , c
i
rcuit where itisconverted t
oa nalogue
t
ry,a nd ...a ny a dditiona ls afegua rd sn eed ed t o e
xper imenta l 1 2,500 t o 2 50 ,000 h omes .
h
om e
s i n Waterhou ses, Esh Winn ing and E a
st s
hifts. S
ou thamp ton , S urr ey a nd S he ffield u nive rs
i - f
orm and fed tothe outputstage atthe
p
ro tec t t he c inem a a nd t elev ision b ro ad ca sting P
e rm ission t oi ncr ea se th
ec over ag ew asr efused ,
•
Hedleyhope. T he services and channelsr e
lay ed This isi nf a
c t o nly o ne q.s
.o . a nd t he mo st t
i
es. s
tandard mono tone v
oice fr
equency .
s
erv ice s
." A pplica tion s f orl i
cen ces w ill o nly b e h
owev er,a nd t hes er v
ice closed d own .
a
re B BC1 ( No r
th -Ea s
t) — c h.40, B BC2 — p
lau sible explana tion i st hat the l i
gh t from t h
is A
lso i nt hi sc on tex t, S irG eoff rey h inted a tt h e
c
on sid e red f rom e x
i sting l icen sees o f b road - I
n c on trast, m any c able t v n e two rk s are i n P
hoto b
yc our
tesy o
f Advanced P
raye
r — Whee
lDes
igns ,
c
h.46, I TV ( Tyne-Tee s) —c h
.43 a nd the 4 th o
bjec t i s r each ing u s b y a l
te rna tive p aths s
t
rong p os s
ib i
lity t h at t h e n am e o ft he C oun cil
c
asting r e
lay s yst em s. T he s ch em e s w ill b e o
p eration i n t he U S and b y 1 976 t here w ere I
nc
. (
and STC1
) .
c
hanne l (when o perational
) —c h
.50. Polariza- d
istorted b y as t
rong g r
avitationa l f i
eld. R e- m
igh t s oon b e c hang ed t o r ead " Science a nd
c
ondu cted a t t he c omme rci a
l r isk o f t he 6
33 ,000 h ome ss oe quipp ed, mo sto ft h
es t
ation s
t
ion ishor
izontal. c
en t
ly , w orke rs a tt he Moun t P a
loma r O bser- E
ng inee ring R ese arch C oun cil."
o
p era to r w ho w il
l a l
so b e r e qui red t o p rov ide p
rov iding f eatur e f i
lm a nd g ene r al spo rt p ro-
v
atory h av e de tected am ass
ive g a
laxy o n al i
ne
d
eta i
l s o f t he t echn ical c ha ra c
t eristic s o f t he g
ramme s,i nf a
ct much l iket h
es ystem c urren tly
A short course e nt
itled Therma l D esign o f o
fs ightt ot hiso b
jec ta nd s ubstan tially n ea rert o There
portoft
h
eS c
ien
ceR e
sear
ch C
oun
cilf
o
rt h
e
s
yst em a nd t oc omp ly w ith a ny l i
cen ce c ond i- e
nv isaged b y W illiam Wh i
telaw . Many o ft h ese
E
lectronic System s w il
l b e p
r esen ted a tC ran- u
s. T h
em as sa nd p osition o ft heg alaxy a ccoun t y
ear 1979
-80 i
savai
lab
le fr
om HMSO , p
ri
ce
t
i
on s c a
lling f or th e supp re ssion o fi nterfer en ce US n etwo rksn ow r eceivet heirs igna lsv ia sat e
l-
f
i
eld Insti
tute ofT echno logy d u r
ing t he w eek f
ort h eo bserved e ffec ta nd a l
though t hes h
i f
to f £
7.10
.
w
ith o t he r form s o fb ro ad ca sting . T he D epar t- l
i
tes.
2
6-30 Jan 1981. Itw i
ll con s
ist oft wo t h
ree-d ay
t
u
ition b l
ocks c overing ( 1) fundam entals a nd
a
pplica
tions o f c onduc tion, c onv ection a nd
t
ors
) orsimi
lar h
igh speed lo
gic el
em ents
, isto c
ommon c once rn w hich a low s t h
e c ompany t o
N
ews i
n b
r
ief AJ
OB F
OR L
IFE
r
adiat
ion totempe ra
tu re control ( 2
) l i
quid p ool
b
e e mb
arked on by the US, France, Germ any b
oi
ling, hea
t pipes, phase change m ateria
ls, fluid- main tain ah igh l e
v e
lo fp roduc tiv ity s ot hatt he
t
he UK and J
apan. Am ajorta
rg e
to ftheschem e i
z
ed b eds and thermoe lectric cooling. T hi
s s ec- s
t
atu sq uoc ontinue s".
w
illbetoproduce acompu te
rw h
ich acceptsnot t
i
on o f the c
ou r
se w ill also deal w i
th t herm a
l "Und e rt h
es en
io r
ity w ag e s ystem t hei ncome
More than 700 Japanese g overnm en t off
ic
ials,
o
nly th
e spoken word b ut p
ictures in v
arious i
maging and laser D opple ranemome try. A pply Wha t B r
itish c ompany i sc har acte rized b y t he o
fa n e mployee i sd irectly r elated t ol ength o f
b
usinessmen and t echnical personne l at
tended
f
orms as wel
l as designing it
s o wn ( s
imple) t
ot he Shor
t C ourse O ff
icer, Cran field Institu t
e f
ollow ing p hr as es,q uo ted f rom ar ecen ts p eech? s
ervi ce w ith t h
e c ompany . S uch f acto rs asi n d
i-
t
he s econd B r
itish O verseas T rade B oa rd
p
rogramsand di
agnosing it
so wn fa
ult
s. o
fT echnology,C ranfield,B edfo rd MK43 O AL . "When a ni n d
iv idua lj o
in s ac ompany o pe rating v
idua la bility,r espon sib ility a nd t hed emand so f
s
em inar on i
ndustrial energy s av
ing a nd e ff
i-
al i
fe-long e mp loymen ts ystem h ed oe ss ow ith a t
he j obi t
self play as mallerp a rt i nt hed eterm i-
c
iency, held i
nT okyo l a
te in Septembe r. T he
t
acit u nderst and ing t hat, i n n orm al c ircum - n
ation o fa n emp loyee 's i ncome w ith in ag roup
s
em inar was he
ld a t the Wo rld I mport Ma rt
s
tan ce s,h ew illr ema in a ne mploy ee o ft hec om - h
aving s im ilart a
sk s
. I tf o
llow st h a
tt herea ren o
b
uilding a
nd wast hef i
r
sts uch m eeting inJapan
p
any u nti
l r etir emen t. T he c ompany w ill n ot c
omprehens ive c ompany s alary o r w age
s
pon so
red b y afo re
ign g overnmen t organiza-
d
is cha rg et hee mploy ee b e for eh er e ache sr etire
- s
t
ruc tu res. J ob e va
lua tion ,a sw ek now i t
,i salso
t
i
on.
men ta geu n
le ssa ne xcep t
iona ls i
tua tion a rises". m
i ssing" .
D
igital Commun i ca
tions Corporat
ion , am em- "It p rovide s s t
rong e mploym en t s tabili
ty "Su ch as y
stem e nsur est h a
ti n com ei ncre a
se s
b
er oft he M
/A -Com g roup ofc ompan ies (US) which t he e mploy ees a pp rec iate a nd r i
g idity i n w
ith t im ei n mu ch thes am ew ay a st hed em and s
h
asf ormed DDC L td, aB
riti
sh subsidiary. The t
he w ork force s i
z e w h
i ch c on strain s t h e c om- o
n i ti ncre ase f o
r t he g r
ea te r p ropo rtion o f a
n
ew c ompany'
sp roductrange w
illinclud esate
l- p
an ies i nt im es o f b u s
ine s s r ece ssion . F or t h
e f
am ily m an 'sc areer".
l
i
te ground st
ation, ter
res
trial p
.c.m . and data c
ompany i ta lso s e
rve s a s ag ua r an tee a gain s
t "
S tr
ik e s are v i
ew ed g ene r a
lly a sb eing m o re
t
r
an smiss
ion equipmen tforprivatea nd nat
ional f
utu re l abour s hortag es". i
nt hen atur eo fd emon str a
tion s
o
rganizat
ions
. T h e company's head o ff
ice wi
ll "The re i s av ery s t
rong e mpha sis o n g roup The s p eech w as inf act t h ei naugu ral add res s
,
b
e locat
ed at Humph rys Rd, Dun stable, LUS efort t ow ard s a chiev ing as pec ific b usine s s tar
- o
ft h en ew p res
id ento ft h
eI ERE , J ohn P ow ell,
4
SX. g
et w hi ch i sh a rdly p re sen t i nt he U SA w here who i se ng ineer-in-ch iefo fC ab le a nd W irele ss
.
t
hee mpha sisi so ni ndiv idua lp er forman ce ". The s ub je ct w as " Resou rce m anag em en t
: ak ey
C
ommun i
cations 82wi
ll beheld a
tt h
eN ational "Th e s ystem a low st he e mployee t of e
el t ha
t t
oi mm ed iat eimp rov emen ti np roduc tivity" a nd
E
xhibi
tion Centre
, Birmingham, from Tue sday h
e c an p lace h is t r
ust i nt he c ompany , h e c an agood d ealo ft hea dd re ssw a sa bou tt h
es ucces s
2
0 unt
il Fr
iday 23 Apri
l 1982 (i
nclus
ive
). T h
is r
e
ly o ni ta nd t hereby o b
t ain s ad eepe r i n
t erest C
ab le a nd W irelessh a sh ad i nt h e m an agemen t
w
il
l be th
e six
th in aser
ies o
fb i
ennial i
nterna- i
ni t
s a ffairs t h an h e m igh t o the rw i se a cqu ire
. o
f i t
s w o rk f orce. T he q uo tation s a bov e w er e
t
i
onalexposit
ions dea
ling wi
th commun ications The c ompany i se ncou rag ed t op l
ac e i t
st rusti n f
r
om Mr P owe l
l'sa dm iring d esc rip tion o fJ apa -
e
quipmenta nd s
ystems. t
he c on tinu ing c o-ope ra t
ion a nd s e
rv ice o f it
s n
ese i n du st ry, and i tw as c lea r h e f e
lt h i
s o wn
r
egu lare mploy ees. T he r e
su lti sc ollective d edi
- f
i
rm ' s s u cc es
s i nm anag em en t w as b ecau se i ts
T
he Bri
tish St
andards I
ns
titut
ion h
asp ub
lished
c
ation t oach iev ing t hec ompany ' so bject iv es." method s h ad a n " affinity t o t he e mp loymen t
asi
x-part de
lineat
ion of High F
idel
ity A udi
o F
ina
lt es
ting ofthe S BS com mun ication
"Emp loy ees d o n o
t f ind i tnece s sa ry t or esi
st p
attern f o und i nt hel a
rg eJ apane se c ompan ies".
E
quipment and Sys
tems; Min
imum P erf
orman ce
t
e
chn ica l chang e a nd i nnov ation e ven t h ough i t Mr P owe ll c oncluded : " I b el
i ev e t hat e mp loy- s
ate
lli
te atthe Hughes A i
rcraftfaci
lity atEl
R
equi
rem en
ts
. F or f
ur
ther in
forma
tion, contac
t
m
ay m ean a ssignmen tt oo the rj obsb ecau se t hey m
en t p ra ctices inB r
itish m anuf a ctu r
ing i ndus- S
egundo , Cal
ifornia
. This sa
tell
ite, the fi
rst
t
h
e B S
I, 2,P a
rk St, L
ondon W1A 2 BS ort e
le
-
r
e
cogn i ze t h
a t s uch c hang es a re u n
lik ely t o t
r
y t end t oward s t h
o se g ene rally f ound i n t he o
fthree tob eput in
to orbitsoast op rovide
p
hone 01
-629 9000.
a
f
fec t a dv ersely e i
the r s e
cu rity o fe mp loymen t U
SA a nd t herefore d iffer c on side rab ly f rom "
secure" voice
, video, data a
nd facsim ile
S
tudios 7 a nd 8 at B BC Te
levis
ion C entre a
re n ow being li
t by amicroprocessor- t
r
aff
ic fo
r US b usiness
, w as l
aunched o n
A ten-yea
r co
llaborat
ion p ro
jec
t, a imed at o
ri ncom e. N eve rthele ss, i tw ou ld b e w rong t o t
hose d ev elop ed i nC ab le a nd W ireles s
. Wou ld
c
on t
rol
led s ystem developed by Thorn
lite i
nc o
llabora
tion with t
he BBC
's Capita
l Pro- Nov 1
5a nd is owned jo
intly byIBM ,
p
roducing an
ew generat
ion ofcomputersbased a
s
sume t ha
t e mploye es a re s e
rv ile. T he e m- t
here b e v alue i nr e
think ing t his w hol e is
sue o f
j
ects Departmen t
. The uni
t can cont
rol up to 5
00 stud
io li
ghts and u
se nine Motorola C
omsa tG eneralC orporation and Ae tna
o
nt h
eu seofJ
osephson junc
tions(s
uperconduc- p
ha sis i so n ar ea
sonab le a pp roach b eing m ade r
e
sou rc e m anagem ent ? My a n
sw eri san u nqua -
68000 mic
rop rocessors
. b
y b oth c ompany a nd e mp loye es t o i s
sue s of L
i
fea nd Casualty
.
l
i
f
ied y es."

www
.ame
ricanrat
l
ioh
isto
rv.com
 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 W
IRELESS WORLD J
ANUARY 1
98
1 5
3
5
2

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aul
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s
ur f
a ce ofV enu s,t ob egin i n1 986.
Af
t e
r l aun ch b y t he space s hu ttle, t he Venu s
Orbiting I maging R adar ( VO IR ) s pacecra f
t b
yA.W
.Cr
itch
ley
, D
ipl
.EI
., M
.I.E
.R.E
.
Anexample oft
v" hash" onc hannelB3
,
would c ircle thep lan etf o
rs ev en m onth st ak
ing
I
nv iew o ft heh eavy f ine si mpo sed u pon 2 7 MHz p
hotographed byR oger Bunney dur
ing
p
ictu res asw el
l a s mak ing m ea su rem entso ft h
e
c
.
b. u ser s a nd t h
e c laim s m ade b y t he H ome v
.d
.u. b
usiness h
ours (0800 t
o 1700
).
s
ur f
a cea nd a tmo sphe re.
O
ffice t h at s uch i lega l a c
-tivity s er
iou sly i n
- Ho me o rgan p ro jec ts s uffer fro m a The me thod o fc ontroling t
he k eying tobe Extra c onsoles may bea dded.
DrR obe rtF ro sch, NASA 'sc hief a dm inistra-
t
e
rfe res w ith e stab lished a utho rized s ervic es, h
igh mor tality r ate p erhaps d
escribed iso ffered as apractical solut
ion S
econd -touch k ey
ing i s eas
ily catered
t
or, s a
ys t h
at t h
is s c
i entif
i c proje ct w il " reveal
R
oge r B unn ey's r ecep t ion e xpe rien ce s i n t he t
he t r
ue n ature a nd g eological h istory o f o ur pr
inc ipa lly a s ar esu lt o ft heir • t
o the prob lem o f mu l
tiple key c ontacts
, f
or.
R
om sey a r
ea f o rce s om e i ntere sting c ompa r
i- l
ack o fr espon se!) a nd t h
e v .d.u . m anu factur er A
ll o ther s w
itch informa t
ion c an b e
s
i
st er pl an e
t i n t he s ame w ay t hat Ma rin er 9 i
nflex ibility a nd t he t ime t aken t og et whether the o rgan i s apipe or electronic
,
s
ons. e
ventua lly p aid f o
r a s tacked a erial a r
ray .
e
n abled u s t os e
e Ma rs
." V enu s i sc omp letely acceptab le r esu lts ; i ti sco m mon t o be c
hurch o r e ntertainmen t type . I t h a
s i
ncluded i fdesired
.
H ew o rks a s at elev ision t echn ician a nd j our- How eve r, t h
is h ad l i
ttle e ffec t a nd t he H ome
v
eiled i nc loud s
. N op ermanen tf eatureh ase ver/ over taken b yt echno logy ! T his art
ic le a
dvantage s o ver c onventional wiring , not Only a h andful o f p rinted-c
ircuit
n
a
lis t
, c ontribu ting a rtic les o n l ong -d istanc e t v Off
ice s ub sequen tly m ade m ea su rem ents using
b
een i d
en tified b yt elescope . T he c urren tp l
an s presents t he b asis f or as ys te m l
eas
t being t he c ost
, which can b e paid for b
oard si srequired.
r
e
cep t ion t ot he m agaz ine T elevi sion ( IPC Ma - Mr B unn ey's a rray a nd P o st O ff
i c
e a rray s
p
rov ide f or a r
riva l oft he vehicle i nD ecemb er I
t i s f lexible t o p er mit c usto m
g
azin es) a nd ac on side rable p art o fh i
s p ro fes - moun ted o n av ehic le
. A lthough t he a ctua
l r e- i
n tended t or educe t he d rudge ry a nd o
uto fthe saving i nc opper wi
re :
1
9 86, a tw hich p oint t he spa cec ra f
t w ould b e
s
i
on ala ctivity in volve s mon itoring t h eb roadca s t s
ults w e re n ever p rov ided , t he H om e O ff
i ce cost ofb u
ild ing a n o rgan , whe ther d
esign ing.
i
nserted i nto p olar o rbit ata n a lt
itud e ofa bou t Cable s ize fro m t he console is
b
and s 1t oV . A rr
iv ing i nR om sey , H amp sh ire e
ven tually w rote p ointing o utt ha ta ction w ould p
ipe ,elec tron ic o rh ybr id. Its ho ws Coup le r sw
itche sare no
tu sed ,avoiding
1
8 0m iles. s
ignif
icant
ly r
educed . .
i
n1 972 ,h es eta bou tb u i
ld ing a5 0ftl a
ttice m as t n
otb et aken n orp ub l
icf und su s ed t ot e
rm ina te t
hat t he r esu lt ing s yste m i sf lexible high -cur rent supplie
s.
The m app ing a c
tivity w ou ld r esult i n near-
t
oc ar ry t he n ece ssa ry a er
ia ls
. O ne o ft he m os t t
hen ui
sance . C
ircuitry is i nexpen s
ive and u ses
g
loba l c ov erage o f t h
e p lan et w ith m ode rate enough t op er m it aw ide r ange o f Disadvantages i nclude c o mplex
s
ucce ssfu l a nd a ctive b and s f or DX i sB and 1 The att
itud eo fth eH om eO ffice s e
em su nfor- s
tandard c.m
.o.s. dev
ice s.
r
esolu t
ion i mag ery ( correspond ing t o2 000 f e
et) organ f eatures , many h ither to c
i
rcuitry i n wh ich a s i
ngle fai
lure c ould
(
48-68MHz ) , w he re s po rad ic Ec omb ines w ith t
un a
te ,t op uti tm ildly. As ou r ce o finterference S
ingle-po
le c
on tact
s throughoutofl
ight
a
nd as mallers ect
ion i nh igherr esolu t
ion ( abou t_ unobta inab le o n e lec tron ic o rgans , r
ender t he who le organ inoperative
, ah igh
t
he f a vou rable c ond ition s o f t he F2 l a
ye r t o which i sp roduc ing ap ublic n u
i san ce h as been c
urrent c
apaci
ty — am ill
iamp o
rso j
ust
1
5 0m — 5 00f t)
. wh ich c an r esu lt i nt he m b eing a ble t o l
evel o f s erv icing c o mpetence b eing
mak er e
cep tion u pt o5 00 m ilesp os sible . a
lowed t o c ontinue f or s eve ral y ears, d e
sp ite t
ok eep t
he c
ontactsclean .
a
cknow ledg emen t t hat the p rob lem e xists and s
imu late p ipe o rgans more c lose ly a t n
ecessary .
I
n S ep tembe r 1 976 t he e ntire B and 1s pec - Keyboard w ir
ing iss imple and c
an b e
t
rum w as d isrup ted b y h igh l e
ve l i nte r
fe rence , w
ithin ad ome st
ic b road castb and .T hisw asa lso af ract
ion o ft he c ost .
s
tandardised.
which w a se ventua lly t raced t o an ea rby i n du st- n
oted b y a nothe r c i
t
izen , w ho l a
id a s imi
la r The princ ip les c an e asi
ly b ea dapted
r
i
al s i
t e
. T he Wh itb read - We ssex b rew ing c
omp laint b ased o n i nt
erf er ence t o l o
cal f.m . f
or m icroprocessor c ontro l at amuch
Octave c oupling w i
thin manua ls i s K
ey ma
trix
ing
r
a d
io r ecep t
ion , butw ho ha s s ince l e
ftt hea rea. s
imp ly amatter ofi
ncorporat
ing delays
. The s
ys
tem b
asica
lly c
ompr
ises a ma
trix
c
on cern h ad e s
tab lished a d istribu tion o ffice l
o wer h ard ware c ost a nd c o mplex ity.
a
bou t 6 0 y ard s a way , e quipped w i th s i
xv .d.u .s Onec r
iticism t hat c ould b el eve l
led a tt hec om - I
nter-manua l c oupl
ing i s iden
tical
ly
a
nd r elated e quipm entf orr eceiving i n
f orma tion p
lainan ti st hath e i snece ssa rily s eeking r emo te N
ews i
n b
r
ief B
w
ut for t
ithout m
he e
ic
xper i menter o
roprocessor c
rt
apab
echn
i
l
ic
ity
ian
d
one using longer d
elays
.
f
o
n
r the p
umber o
eda
fw
ls a
ire
nd k
s t
hath
eys to m
ave tob
inim
e c
ise
onnec
'the
ted
b
yc able ( Po stO ff
i ce)f r
om t hem ain b rew ery i n a
nd w eak s i
gna l
sa nd c an th er efo re e xpec tprob -
who l ikes t o k no w h ow t hings a re Any r
equired pi
tch c
an bese
lected w
ith t
o the k eys. The c ontact informa tion is
P
o r
t smou th. T he d isrup tion p rodu ced aw hin - l
em s, b ut t his s e
em s t o i mp ly t hat d ome stic T
he fi
rst te
lecommun ica t
ions equ
ipm ent show
done a nd who wants t o bea b
le t o e
ase
. t
hen t urned i nto a s eries of p u
lses b y
i
ng "mo tor" e ffect,p eak ing a ti nte rva lso fa bou t u
sers a nd e nthusi astsa rer eleg ated t o ap os
ition a
nd s
emin are ve
rh e
ld inC h
ina i
stob es t
aged a t
change i ta round w ithout t oo much Mutat
ion a nd m ix
ture stops are no s
equential scanning o fthe matrix, see Fig.
1
.5 MHz f r
om 3 0 MHz u pt o1 00MHz . wher et hey mu s
ts ufferi n
te rf er en ce f rom vest ed t
heBei
jing (P ek
ing ) Exhibitcentr
e f r
om N ov 3
E
ff orts w ere m ade t oc ontact t h e m ake rs o f i
ntere s
tsa nd comm ercialo rgan iza tion s. t
o131 981 byt heE lect
ron ic I
ndustr
iesA ssoc i
a- efor t,t he m ic roprocessor a pproach p
roblem. 1
. Da ta i s p assed o ver a s ingle w ire
t
hee qu ipm en tw ith av iew t os upp ression b uta P
erhap s i t
'
s t ime f or th e s tatu tory l imi
ts t o t
i
on (US ) and t he N ational Council for U S- t
akes away al o to ft he f un a nd Any k
ind ofo rgan c
an be c
ontro
lled — t
hrough v arious d elay s yste ms t o
s
o
li cito r w as e ventua lly e ngag ed ( afte r as ev e
r e i
nterfering r adiation t ob er econ side red. C
hina T rade. A pproxim ate
ly 1 00 Ame r
i can r
elegates e very thing t o amystery p
ipe o
re l
ectronic
. d
emu lt
ip lexers wh ich r ecover t he k eyed
manuf
acturers a r
e e xpected to exhibit equip- b
lack b ox . No l
imittothe si
ze o
forgan
. i
nfo
rma tion t o s wi
tch o n a nd o ff the
mentatthes hgow.

f
-

r
eceiv er r espond s a nd o pen s a n i npu t g ate t o The Inte
rnational As
socia
tion o
f Broadca
ste
rs

B
us f
or ab
us r
e
l
e
ce
r t
ive f
hen t
i
ve b
r
an
i
t
sm
so
i
t
fc
s i
omm
nve r
t
and d
ed c
ata
omm
. T he c
and d a
ont
ta a
rol
sa
- (
IABM
T
r
) h
iumph H
a
s m
ou
oved t
se
, 1
o n
096 U
ew h
xbr
eadqua
idge Rd
r
te
, H
rs a
ayes
,
t

1
72 8 k
Hz Notes Octaves K
eyboards
Luca s a nd L ey land h av e j o
intly d eve loped a c
heck f or f a
lse i nstruc t
ion s
. When t he r eceive r Middl
esex. T he te
lephone number isnow 01 9•
11
1•1
:MI MM
I• M ir

multiplex ed b us s ystem t or ep
lace mo st o ft he h
asv erified t hec ommand , t heo utpu ts t
age sa re 5
7 3 8
333.
c
omp l
i cated e l
ec tricalw iring I ap assenge rb us s
witched a cco rding ly a nd ar eply i ss e
nt t ot he Ose ÷1
2 4
16 ÷9 1
00 H
z
o
ro the rv ehicle. c
ont rolle r
, w hich i ndicate s t h
e s t
ate o ft he o ut-
A
lthough " critical l oads" s uch a sh eadlamp s p
ut s a nd h ence t he e ffectivene ss o f t he c om - Ab ur
eau a pproach tov iewda ta,e nabl
ing sma
ll- » M
I
L De mu
ltip
lexers

a
nd s
a
lt h
top l
ec on
i
gh
tro
tsw
lw
i
i
l
r
ls
esf
t
illb
o
rd
ew
oo
ir
rs
ed c
o
onv
leno id
en
s
tiona
, inte
lly
rna
,
l
m
n
and
ex
. T
t r ece
his p
ive
rocedu
r i n t h
re i
e s e
st h
quen
en r
ce
epeated f
. When a
o
r t
l t
h
h
e
e
s
c
p
r
a
le u
iva t
se
es
r
y
s t
s
oe
tem
xp
,i
lo
st
it P
ob
r
es
e
e
st
e
tu
l-l
pb
ike hardw
y GEC V
a
i
re i
na
ewdata
T
i mer
4,1
4 l
U C
lock
F
lute

l
i
gh ting , horn , e t
c., can b er eplaced b yt heb us. r
eceiv ersh ave b een a ddre ssed,t h
ec ycle r epea ts S
ystem s
. P ages ofinternal inform at
ion areheld Ck 1

The s ys
tem c omp rise s at h
ree - o r f o ur-w ire w
ith t he c ontro l
le r r e
-re ading t h
e s t
ates o ft he o
nt heo r
gan izat
ion'sv iewda ta compu ter
,w hi
ch Decode Ck 2
K
eyboard g
ating
"
r
ing m ain" , am i crop roce sso r
-ba sed c on troller d
rive r-op erat ed s witche s
. c
an be called up, m odified, a nd new pages in
- D

a
nd u p t o3 0 l o
cal r eceive r u nits. T h e b us p ro- E
ach r e
ceive r inco rpo rates af a
il-sa fe c i
rcu it s
erted by u ser
s o fv ar
iou s d epar
tmen ts o
ft he
v
ide s ac ommon p owe rr ai
l, as ingle w ire f ort he which s witche s t hea ffected l oads t o as af e state o
rganizat
ion . At y
pi ca
l s y
stem , hold
ing about I
.
t
r
an sm it
t ed d ata a nd o ne w ir e for as yn chron is- i
faf a
ilu re occu rs. 3
0,000 p ages, w ou
ld c ost a bout £50,000
, e x
-
Octave p
ulses

I
L
i
ngc l
ock . A no ptiona lf ourth w ire c an b ea dded Leyland h ave a l
so d eveloped a d iagno stic c
luding thec os
to fterm inals
. 2
7 T
o
s
ystem w hich, v ia t he b us, can q uickly c heck k
eyers
t
op rov ide an o
i se-free r eturn .
W
The c ont rol
le r r eads t he s tate o ft he d river- t
hee lectricalc i
rcu itso nt hev ehicle a nd p rovide S
olo a zz o
l me

o
pe rated s witche s, s end s syn c p ulses a t3 2kHz ap rint-ou t. A lthough t he mu l tiplexed b us P
ublic payphones w hi
ch u se p la
stic cards in-
Swe
ll D
ata P
itch
t
o s e
t t he r eceive rs t o s t
and -by a nd t hen t
echn iqu e isb y no m ean s original, t his a ppea rs s
t
ead o f c o
ins wil
l b e t r
ied o ut by B r
iti
sh Keys 1
2 1o
f 1
2 C
oup
ling s
elect
T
elecom n extyearinL ondon , Birmingham a nd Great
t
r
i
an
nt
sm
h
i
e s
ts t
e
h e 5
quence
- b
it a
. C
dd re
lock p
ss o
ulse
ft
s s
h
e f
y
i
r
nch
s t r
ron
e
i
ce ive
se t h
r
e
t
ob
S
e t
ome b
h
u
e f
s o
i
rst i
pe ra
ns
to
tance o
rs h av
fi
e b
ts us
een s
e i
cep
n av
tica
eh
l a
icle
bou
.
t Manchester. They wil
l be s i
ted near conven - Cho
ir J
i S
tr

Ck 1
ing

l
oading o ft h
is a dd ress i nto am emo ry i ne ach t
her el
iab il
ity o fp artst hatd on otm ove, b utt he t
i
on a
l p ayphones, giv
ing u sers ac hoice, al-
• —
elk Ck 2
r
eceive r a nd, t o o vercome f a
lse a dd re ssing d
e s
ign ers s t
re ss the m ore p ositive p oin ts o ft he t
hol
igh i twil
l be necessa
ry t o buy th
e c ards, P
eda
l
c
au sed b yn oise,t hes am ea dd r
e ssi st ran sm itted s
ystem w h
ich i n
clud et hec l
aim t hati twillb en o whi
ch a re er
ased automatically w hen insert
ed D
Coup
ler s
tops V
oice s
tops
a
gain a nd l oaded i nto as econd m emo ry. E ach mo ree xpen sive t han a ne quivalen tc onv en tiona l i
nto th
e m echan
ism. Each c ard unitispriced at
r
eceive r c ompa res t he t wo s tored a dd resses w
i r
ing h arne ss, w ill b e f a
r m ore f l
ex ible a nd, 5
p a nd th
ere wi
ll be two basic cards o
n s a
le —
which , ifi dentical, a rec ompa red w ith t h
ef ixed w
ith t he a ddition o fv ehicl e condi t
ion m on itor- o
n eo f40u n
itscost
ing £2a nd a2 00 uni
tc a
rd at
a
dd res so ft her eceive r
. C on sequen t
ly , o nly o ne i
n ga nd d iagno st
ic s ystem s,f a
rm or eu sefu l. £
10.
F
ig 1
.Sequen
tia
lscann
ing o
fkeyboard ma
trix i
nel
ect
ron
ic o
rpipe o
rgans r
educes w
ir
ing b
ysend
ing d
ata o
ver s
i
ngle w
ire
.

www
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oh
isto
rv.com
 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN U ARY 1
981 WIRELESS W ORLD JAN UARY 1
981
5
4 5
5
approp ria te mu sical n otes i n v ariou s Swe
ll g
ating p
ulse
wou ld h ave 6 1p ipe s( one p er k ey )a nd a4 ft
p
itche s a nd t one s
. T he se m ay b e m ade b y The p
rob
lem f
lute w ou ld h ave a no the r 6 1 a nd s ound a n
p
ipe s, o sc illato rs
, o ra ny o the rm ean s; this 1
2
-bit d
elay -e-
1 1
2-b
it d
elay o
ctave h ighe r. Th is i s t he b rute f o rce
a
rticle d oe s n o
t d i
scu ss t his p art o f t he One o f t he b igges t p rob le ms i n norma lly p erformed i nt he r everse a
pp roach a nd at yp ica l s mallc hu rch o rgan
o
rgan . The d elay s c on sisto fs hift r egis
te rs t
he manufac ture o f a n o rgan , d
i rec t
ion . w
ith , s ay, e igh t s well r ank s, f ou r g r eat
a
nd p erfo rm t he t ask s o f pitch s e
lection
e
lec t
ron ic o r p ipe b ut p articularly Each k ey C an t here fore h ave 1
6'
r
ank sa nd t wo p eda lr ank sw ou ld h ave 7 96
a
nd c oupl ing .
e
lec t
ron ic , i si n the w iring o f the many c on tac ts . T here i sn ot r oom pipe s. C lear ly , al a
rge p ipe o rg an i sg oing
I
ti sc onven ien t t oa rrang et h ek eyboa rd
k
ey c on tac ts a nd c oup le r s tops . f
o r more t han p erhaps e igh t t
oh ave ac olo ssa l n umbe r o fp ipe s a nd b e
ma t
rix i nt hef orm o f manua lsa nd o ctave s
These a ffec t wh ich n otes a re withou t r esor t
ing t o mu lti
-po le 7 :
1D Out cumbe rsome a nd d iff icu lt t ok eep i n t une
i
n o ne d irec t
ion a nd n otes i n t he o th er,
p
layed when k eys a re p ressed o n r
elays . C onsequen tly t he n u mber S
L a
s w el a s h av ing a l ot o f w i re f rom t he
a
lthough f or ama trix w ith t h e m in imum
t
he manua ls ( k eyboards ). T he o
f w ires i nvo lved w i th a l arge key s.
numbe ro fw ires a n 8x8f orma tw ould b e
t
rad itiona l a pproach i n the p ipe o
rgan i s c olossa l. No t o nly i s it I
n 1 891 R obe rt Hope -Jone s d evi sed t he
o
p timum , a nd w ould l end i t
self t o
organ i st o w ire o ne c on tac t p er t
ed ious t o w ire u p
, b u t i ti sa lso unito rgan i n wh ich o nly as ma lln umbe ro f
microp roce sso rc on trol mo rer ead ily. E ach
key t o the magne t ( soleno id a ir- 'bulky a nd e xpens ive a s we l
l a s r
ank s c ou ld b e p layed a ta ny p itch f rom
o
ctave c omp r
ise s t he 1 2 n ote s C , C# ,D ,
valve ) wh ich a l
lows o ne p ipe t o being i nflexi ble i n i ts Cho
ir any manua l. R ank sw e re n otd up lica ted i n
...A# ,B . A ll id entica l n o
t es a re w ired
speak f rom o ne r ank o f p ipes . Itis require ments . There i s a g
ating pu
lse
t
one a nd s ix o r e i gh t c ould p rov ide t he
t
o gethe r r esulting i n t we lve w i res o n o ne
cus tomary t o b e a b
le t o c ouple mu ltip l
ic i
ty o f t h
ings t ha t c an g o
s
ide o ft hem atrix. On t heo thers ide o ft he Swe
ll ( Swell ( Swell ( Choir (
S
L t
one r ange f or t he who le o rgan , p rov ided
keyboards t oge the r in av ariety o f wrong ; e spec ia l
ly where c on tac ts s
ub-octave u
nison o
ff Octave t
h at t h e r ank s w ere e xtended a nd t h e
k
ey c on tac ts e ach manua l h as al 1 2 note s o
ctave
ways , s o t ha t f o r instance when a
re i nvo lved a th igh c ur ren ts. 1
6' + 8
' + 4
' + 4
' -
F v
oic ing w a sa l
te red t ob oo stu p t hem idd le
i
n e a ch o ctave w i red t o gethe r a nd e ve ry
t
he g rea t-manua l k eys a re p layed E
lectron ic o rgans u sua lly v
olume t oc ompensa te f o r t he e x
t ra n on -
k
ey h as as er
ie s d iod e t o p reven t b ack -
t
hey p erform t he f unc tions o f the r
equ ire e ven more c on tac ts p er F
i
g.3
.Asscanning i
ssequen
tia
ln ote
-by-note a
nd o
ctave
-by
-octave, 1
2p u
lses s
epara
te k
eys u
n ison p itche s. The re w as o ne d rawback :
c
ircui ts ( Fig. 2 )r esu lting i n s i
x w i res p er
swe ll-manua l k eys a s we ll
, b ut n ot k
ey b ut f or d ifferen t r easons . I ti s a
noc
tave a
par
t,and o
ctave c
oupl
ing isach
ieved u
s
ing 12pul
se data d
elays
. it w a s n o l onge r p os s
ib le t o h ave
manua l p lu s t hree f or t hep eda ls (3 2 note s
v
i ce v ersa . T he swe ll k eys d o n ot c
o m mon t o sw i
tch a ctua l s i
gna ls independen t c on t ro l o f t h e v olume l e vel s
max. ). F o r af our-manua lo rg an,t hen o nly
have t o g o d own a lthough i n w
i th t he k ey c on tac ts wh ich a re oft he d ifferen t manua ls. Hope -Jone s a lso
3
9w i res a r en ece ssary . Th ew hole o rgan i s
o
lden d ays t hey u sed t o w ith t
hen a rranged i n i so
la ted p airs. dev ised t h e e lec tric a ction w ith w hich t o
s
canned s equen t
i al
ly n ote-by -no te a nd
mechan ica l a ctions . Each k ey r equ ires , s ay , f ive p airs Swe
ll g
ating p
ulse
c
on tro l t heu nit s ystem w hich i sn owadays '
o
ctave -by -oc tave f rom t he l owe st p edal t o
t
o c ontro l f ive h ar mon ica lly -
S
L
Each c oup ling r equires a n extra Great
known a s t he e x ten sion s ystem . L ate r
t
heh ighe stm anua lk ey s uch t hatt he serial, data
con tact o n e very k ey a s we ll as a r
ela ted f requenc ies s uch a s t he De
lay
m anuf a ctu re rs, n otab ly t he Wu r
litze r
d
a ta o utpu t r epre sen ts as e
ries o f r i
sing 1
2-b
it d
elay —
1
1›. 1
2
-bit d
elay
s
er ies sw itch t o e fec t c on trol. s
ub -harmon ic, t he f unda men ta l
, S
L
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