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Map of the Philippines with Regions
The National Capital Region, or called as Metro Manila, is the most populous of the twelve
defined metropolitan areas in the Philippines and the 11th most populous in the world. As of the
2010 census, it had a population of 11,855,975, comprising 13% of the national population.
The region is the political, economic, social, cultural, and educational center of the Philippines.
As proclaimed by Presidential Decree No. 940, Metro Manila as a whole is the Philippines’ seat
of government while the City of Manila is the capital.
The cities that comprise the NCR Region are:

 Caloocan City
 Las Piñas City
 Makati City
 Malabon City
 Mandaluyong City
 Manila City
 Marikina City
 Muntinlupa City
 Navotas City
 Parañaque City
 Pasay City
 Pasig City
 Quezon City
 San Juan City
 Taguig City
 Valenzuela City
Caloocan City
Some folks said that Caloocan got its name from a Tagalog word “lo-ok” (bay) because it is near
to Manila Bay. Others insist that it was named after another Tagalog “sulok” (corner) because
before, the place was located at the corner where the old towns of Tondo and Malabon met.
Therefore, the name of the place is a mixture of the word “kasuluk-sulokan” which means
“innermost area”.
Caloocan is known as the Makasaysayang Lungsod (Historic City). Their claim of being a historic
city has a basis. This was the place of the Katipuneros, a secret militant society formed during the
Spanish colonization in the country. The place served as their main meeting place and history
also said that this was the place where the members of the Katipunan made their historic “Unang
Sigaw” which served as the starting point for the early Filipinos to carry an arm against their
oppressors.
Population/ Language/ Area
According to the 2010 census, Caloocan is the country’s third most populated city with a
population of 1,489,040. Languages spoken are mainly Tagalog.
The total land area of Caloocan City is 55.8 square kilometers. The land use is primarily in
residential, commercial establishments, facilities, parks, among many other land uses.
Products and Services
Caloocan City’s 10th Avenue area is well-known for the clusters of motorcycle dealers and
motorcycle spare parts dealers.
Business Opportunity
Caloocan is in need of urban redevelopment. There is a need for modern commercial complexes,
mass housing, malls and tourist facilities.
Tourists Spots
 Tala Leprosarium – The Leprosarium was built in 1940. It is considered to be the oldest
leprosarium in Asia.
 Bonifacio Monument – This monument is the main landmark of Caloocan situated at the
intersection of Rizal Avenue and EDSA. The monument was built in honor of the Filipino
Hero, Andres Bonifacio.
 Gubat sa Ciudad Resort – The resort is ideal for retreats, campings, birthdays, and company
outings. It also provides seven swimming pools with matching water slides, hall pavilion,
cottages, air-conditioned rooms, basketball and volleyball courts, children’s playground,
Jacuzzi, and tree houses.
Festivals and Celebrations

The City’s Foundation Day showcases annually the festival of “Pamaypay ng Caloocan”, with the
use of “Pamaypay” or fan as it is showcased on techno-modern Folk Street dancing competition.
Las Pinas City

Las Piñas was regarded as one of the cleanest and safest cities of Metro Manila.
History
Its proclamation into a town varies depending to the two historical records available. Cavada, a
Spanish historian and Fr. Juan Medina state that it was proclaimed as a town year 1762, while
Buzeta recorded the event at 1797.
It was said that Las Piñas was a “war theater” before. During Philippine Revolution, the place was
at Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo’s forces. After years, it was again occupied by the japanese during
Second World Was and followed by the liberation period when the Filipino-American forces
fought the Japanese Imperial forces until the end of war.

Las Piñas City has a total population of 528,011 with a growth rate of 1.54% yearly in 104,000
households. The population growth is due to the migration of other people from different regions
outside of Metro Manila.
The city occupies a total land area of 41.54 sq. kilometers. Half of the land area is developed for
residential purposes and the remaining half portion of the land is used for industrial and
commercial which comprised of about 36.47% of the total land area, institutional with 37.68% of
the land, and the rest for recreational or park areas.

During Spanish times, it served as a small fishing port. From that humble beginning, the place
became known as the major center for salt making. Until then, Las Piñas boosted and became
the place where the first “jeepney” was built. They continued to do these as part of their industry.
Las Pinas is primarily a city of residential subdivisions. As the city becomes fully built-up, there is
no way to expand bu upward. Thus, a lot of opportunities have opened for building medium to
high rise condominiums.
Tourist Spots
 Bamboo Organ – the one-of-a-kind organ that can only be found in St. Joseph Church of the
Parish of Las Piñas. This was built in 1822 upon the initiation of Fr. Diego Cera. Annually, the
Bamboo Organ Festival is being held at the parish in the month of February.
 Nature Church – this is built on a 4,000 square meter mango orchard and a well-maintained
park and garden.
Makati City
Is the financial center of the Philippines where the Philippine Stock Exchange and the Makati
Business Club is situated.
Notable for its multicultural lifestyle, Makati became known not only in the country but also
abroad. The city is a home for many Makati hotels, shopping centers, condominiums, financial
and entertainment hubs – most of them being owned, managed and frequently visited by the
successful foreign businessmen – which is the major factor that made this city very prosperous.
History
All starts from low but Makati didn’t just begin

from low, it really started as a swampland! Some said that during the Spanish colonization, Juan
Miguel de Legazpi dismissed the place as “worthless”.
The place, a farming community, was part of a wide municipality of Santa Ana de Sapa (part of
Manila today). Then year 1600, the place developed as a center for pilgrimage for the faithful
devotees of the churches of Our Lady of Guadalupe (now Our Lady of Grace) and Saints Peter and
Paul. The place became an independent municipality by year 1670 and was named as San Pedro
de Macati in honor of Saint Peter its patron.
As years passed, many investors came to the municipality, putting businesses there that took the
attentions of foreign neighbors. February 28, 1914, the Philippine Legislature passed Act 2390
thus shortening its name from San Pedro de Macati to simply Makati.
“From grass to class”, as what they call it, Makati City proved it throughout the years by being a
great contributor to the development of the Philippine economy.

Makati City has a population of almost 530,000 and increasing. In fact it was the 16th largest city
in the country and was ranked as the 41st most densely populated city in the world. However in
daytime, especially during the typical work days, the city reaches million of population due to
large number of people working in the city. With a total land area of 27.36 square kilometers or
2,735 hectares it owns the whole 4.3% of National Capital Region’s total land area.
The people speaks Tagalog as their first language yet there are still many who speaks English
here. As part of their multicultural lifestyle, it is never hard for any foreigner to be a part of the
conversation.
Being a highly-urbanized city, Makati offers their condo units, hotels, restaurants, entertainment
houses and malls. The cost of living here is significantly higher than the neighboring cities due to
its commercial and residential areas which are relatively high in value; but there are still
accommodations and services in the city that are cheep enough for economically-minded
tourists. Some of those are the Makati Cinema Square, The Landmark, Cash & Carry and the
Guadalupe Mall.
Aside from residential places and shopping centers in the city, Makati also has universities,
telecommunications centers, hospitals and embassies. Much of these are known for its quality
service and approved technical affluence.
There is a wide possibility for business in Makati. Call centers, hotels, condo units, shopping
centers and resto bars are some of the businesses that are being flocked by the customers. Since
there is a growing number of people visiting the place almost everyday, putting up a business
that could fit in the urban, is a good idea.
Tourist Spots
The place is a center not only for economy but also for tourists attraction. From art museums
and parks to memorial center, the city is paved with awe-inspiring tourist spots. These are always
visited by the foreigners and local travelers.
They also have festivals. To name a few:
 Belen sa Makati – This is a celebration when all major buildings are decorated by lights and
locally made lanterns. The schools and barangay center also make their own version of
crèche or nativity scene. This celebration usually starts at December.
 Caracol – This is celebrated every last Sunday of January annually and an official festival of
Makati, that promotes and encourages the preservation of natural resources. major
participants, who are dressed in flowers, animals, tress etc, are students from different
public school of the city.
 Costumes, Trinkets and Xong Di – This is an exhibit represented by the People’s Republic of
China which showcases similar costumes and trinkets of Philippine ethnic tribes.
 Flores de Mayo – This is considered to be the biggest procession in Metro Manila in which
120 young ladies represents 32 barangays of the municipality, establishments, local and
government offices and corporations based in Makati City.
 Likhang Kamay – This is an event where the artworks of various artists and craftsmen are
being displayed in an exhibit. In this event, many prospective buyers and investors are
invited to promote the city’s growing economy.
Malabon City
Famous for its ancestral homes that could be compared to the old Spanish colonial mansions in
Vigan, the City of Malabon is one of the cities that make up the Metropolitan Manila. It is part of
the sub-region Metro Manila called CAMANAVA (Caloocan City, Malabon City, Navotas City and
Valenzuela City).
History
According to legend, Malabon got its name from the words “maraming labong” (plenty of
bamboo shoots). This was originally called as Tambobong and was founded by the Augustinian
friars as a “Visita” of Tondo on May 21, 1599. It remained under this administrative jurisdiction
from 1627 to 1688.
The place served as the literary center during the Spanish Colonization in 1896. In fact, “La
Independencia”, a revolutionary publication, was printed here.
June 11, 1901, under the virtue of the Philippine Commission Act No. 137, Malabon was officially
made a municipality under the then newly-created province of Rizal. 70 years passed, Malabon
became a part of Metropolitan Manila or the National Capital Region. It became a city April 21,
2001 under Republic Act no. 9019 upon reaching its 407th years.

As of May 01, 2010 the city had a total population of 363,681 living in the land area of 19.714
square kilometers. The city is plainly a residential and industrial town. The people mainly speak
Tagalog.
The mode of transportation here, like the other cities in the Philippines, are jeepney, buses,
tricycle and taxicabs. Bus and jeepney rides here are not expensive. Taxis can go to any route and
tricycles are used for short distance transportation. However during rainy season, boats are used
as the major type of transportation here thus making the traffic in the city, gaining it a title as the
local Venice of the country.

Their main product is the Pancit Malabon, said to be the one of the flavorful noodles in the
Philippines. Some of its unique ingredients are a mixture to the noodles of shrimp and shrimp
juice, smoked fish, adobong pusit (squid) and chicharon (pork rinds). Since the city is a fishing
center for Manila, the city is became known for its “bagoong” (fish paste) production.
Tourist Spots
 Asilo de Huertanos – the place where the “La Independencia”, the organ of the Katipunan
was printed. The place also served as orphanage for those who were affected by the plague
of 1882.
 Malabon Zoo and Aquarium – The zoo houses various animals and vast array of tropical
fishes which is open for public tour. It allows tourists to actually touch and pet animals.
 Pagoda-Caracol – This celebration commemorates the Feast of Our Lady Immaculate
Concepcion every 8th of December, an annual celebration of the Catholic and Aglipay
churches. The fluvial procession starts in Malabon to Navotas Rivers, coupled with colorful
street dancing.
 Rizal Shrine – The shrine is situated in E. Rodriguez Plaza, San Agustin community. This
marker was built in honor of the Philippine National Hero, Dr. Jose Rizal.
 San Bartolome Church – This Church was built in 1614 by the Spaniards.
Mandaluyong City
Is referred to as “Tiger City of the Philippines”, “Metro Manila’s Heart”, and the “Shopping Mall
Capital of the Philippines”. It is well developed that many of its infrastructures are owned and
managed by the most successful business men in the country.
History
There are lots of sources of where this city got its name. Some claim that the place got its name
from the Tagalog terms “mga” which means many and “daluy” which means flowing in the
reference to the tall grasses that grow in the land many years ago. Another also claimed that it
got its name from the incident when Acapulco, a navigator, saw that the rolling hills were
frequently lashed at by “daluyong” or big waves from the sea. Hence the residents gave an
answer to those who inquired about the name of the place as “madaluyong”. Later, the Spaniards
affixed a consonant “n” to it thus making it Mandaluyong.
But prior to the Spanish conquest, Mandaluyong was already an organized place. It was part of
what was once the Kingdom of Sapa of the Great Madjapahit Empire or “Anka Widyaya” and was
ruled by Prince Balagtas, around 1300. More than a century later, about 1470, it expanded and
was called the Kingdom of Namayan with Lakan Takhan as its ruler. The kingdom was made up
of what are now Pandacan, Malate, Quiapo, Sta. Mesa, San Miguel, Paco and Sta. Ana in Manila,
and Mandaluyong, Makati, San Juan, Pasay, Taguig, Pateros, Parañaque and parts of Pasig and
Quezon City up to Diliman.
Mandaluyong was first known as a barrio of Sta. Ana de Sapa which was part of the District of
Paco, Province of Tondo. It was then named as by the Spaniards as San Felipe Neri in honor of
the Patron Saint of Rome. Year 1841, it was separated from Sta. Ana de Sapa.
When the Americans came, San Felipe Neri was consolidated with the municipality of San Juan
del Monte. For several months in 1904, San Felipe Neri became the capital of Rizal. After its
separation from San Juan del Monte in year 1907, San Felipe Neri became an independent
municipality. It was then renamed as Municipality of Mandaluyong by virtue of the House Bill No.
3836. It became a city year 1994.
Today, Mandaluyong is a bustling city with vibrant economic activities and among many other
city accomplishments.

According to 2010 census, the city had a population of 328,699 living in the total land area of
1,124.97, considered as the 18th largest metropolitan city in the world. Much of the city’s land is
being occupied by the residential areas of Wack-Wack, Addition Hills, Plainview and Highway
Hills. The land characteristic is partially flat on the southwest portion with gentle slopes in the
rest of the area.
Even though the city has various ethnic origins, most of the people here speaks Tagalog. Some
however speaks Bicol, Bisaya, Ilonggo, and Ilocano languages.

Mandaluyong City is now commercially developed with a lot of central businesses such as banks,
offices and service establishments. Major commercial districts are Boni Avenue, Shaw Boulevard,
Libertad-Sierra Madre, Kalentong, San Franciso, part of Martinez, Sgt. Bumatay towards Barangka
Drive and Pinatubo towards EDSA. In the eastern portion of the city it also has the famous malls
and establishments such as the Megamall, Shangri-La, Podium and San Miguel Corporation.
Almost all businesses and personal services stores dominates the whole roads in the city.
The city is rich for opportunities for business and investments. Banks, hotels, commercial centers
almost make up the city.
Tourist Spots
Some of the attractions in the city are the Ortigas Center, one of the centers of business and
commerce in the metropolis. Part of the Ortigas Center are the main headquarters of Asian
development bank, Banco De Oro, and the headquarters of San Miguel Corporation, Southeast
Asia’s largest food and beverage company. Also located here is the Unilab, one of the most
prominent pharmaceutical laboratories and factories.
Some of the hotels and business parks of the city are;
 SM Megamall – is a large shopping mall located in the Ortigas Bisiness Centers of Metro
Manila. It is one of the largest SM Supermall developed and operated by SM Prime Holdings,
the largest mall operator in the Philippines owned by Henry Sy Sr. The mall has two buildings
interconnected with a bridge. The mall occupies a land area of approximately 21 hectares
and has a total floor area of an estimated 480,000 m², making it the largest shopping mall in
the country as it redeemed its title from the previous holder SM North EDSA. The mall has a
maximum capacity of 4 million people. It is as large as the Changi Airport Terminal 2 in
Singapore.
 Shangri-La Plaza Mall- is an upscale shopping mall situated in the Ortigas Center, a
business/commercial district of Mandaluyong City. It is surrounded by four streets in the
commercial area, namely, Internal Avenue, St. Francis Avenue, Shaw Boulevard and the
major highway EDSA. Affectionately called “The Shang”, this seven-story structure is also
accessible through the Shaw Boulevard MRT Station in the fifth floor which connects it to
the Manila Metro Rail Transit System. It is also the only retail arm of Kuok Group of
Companies, the owner of the worldwide chain of Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts. The mall
has several international stores such as Gucci, Calvin Klein, Burberry, Dolce and Gabbana,
Hugo Boss and Polo Ralph Lauren.

 Forum Robinsons- is a specialty mall within Cybergate, a modern business and residential
complex at the corner of EDSA and Pioneer Street in Mandaluyong. The shopping center
highlights information technology product categories such as computers, cellphones and
other mobile/wireless gadgets, digital cameras, and audio-video and computer gaming
equipment. Complementing this mix are four anchor stores, four cinemas and a wide array
of satisfying shopping, dining, amusement and service outlets.
 St. Francis Square Mall- is one of the notable shopping center in the city, the mall is a modern
low-rise building holding a 3,000 capacity auditorium and houses over 1,000 stalls and
stores.
Aside from the malls and shopping centers, Mandaluyong also has tourist spots that reflects the
history. To name a few:
 Dambana ng mga Alaala (Memorial Monument) – a monument for the people who struggled
for liberty and freedom during the revolution period.
 Don Bosco Technical College – used to be known as San Carlos Seminary. The Japanese made
this as their headquarters during the World War II.
Manila City
Serves as the capital city of the Philippines and was nicknamed as “Pearl of the Orient”.
History
Manila was known before as “Ginto” (gold) or “Suvarnadvipa” by neighboring settlements and
was officially named as the Kingdom of Maynila or the “Kota Seludong”, one of the three major
city-states that dominated the area by the lower reaches and mouth of the Pasig River before the
arrival of the Spaniards.During the latter half of the Ming Dynasty, the kingdom flourished as a
result of direct trade relations with China. Its rulers, who lived in the Ancient Tondo which was
considered as their traditional capital of the empire, were sovereign kings and were addressed
as “panginoon” (lords); “anak banwa” (son of heaven); or “lakandula” (lord of the palace).
Before 15th century, the city was invaded by Sultan Bolkiah of Brunei and was made an Islam
community. Some areas with alliance to China were attacked thus making it as Bruneian satellite
state. Because of these and with the arrival of traders and proselytes from Malaysia and
Indonesia, the city became an Islam community.
Year 1571, Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi founded the Manila and was made as
the capital of the Philippine islands which Spain would control for the next three centuries, from
1565 to 1898.
The total population of the city as of 2010 was 1,652,171. This total population lives in the total
land area of 38.55 km², making the Manila city as the most densely populated city in the world.
The vernacular language is Filipino, based mostly on the Tagalog of surrounding areas. This
Manila form of speaking Tagalog has essentially become the “lingua franca” or the language
systematically used as way of communication in the Philippines. It spread throughout the
archipelago through mass media and entertainment. Meanwhile, English is the language most
widely used in education, business, and heavily in everyday usage throughout the Metro Manila
region and the Philippines itself. A number of older residents can still speak basic Spanish, which
was a mandatory subject in the curriculum of Philippine universities and colleges, and many
children of Japanese, Indian, Arab or other migrants or expatriates also speak their parents’
languages at home, aside from English and/or Filipino for everyday use. Minnan Chinese (known
as Lannang-oe) is spoken by the city’s Chinese-Filipino community.

Manila’s economy is diverse and multifaceted. With its excellent protected harbor, Manila serves
as the Chief Seaport of the Country. Diverse manufacturers produce industrial-related products
such as chemicals, textiles, clothing, and electronic goods. Food and beverages and tobacco
products also are produced. There are also local entrepreneurs who continue to process primary
commodities for export including rope, plywood, refined sugar, copra, and coconut oil. The food-
processing industry is one of the most stable major manufacturing sector in the city. Manila is
also a major publishing center in the Philippines.
One of the largest projects within the city is the ₱5 billion development by Ayala Land Inc., the
Celadon Residences. Binondo has begun to be revitalized along with Divisoria, and several high-
rise condominiums and offices are rising. Recently, a 20-hectare development was planned by
the city government within the Port Area. A blueprint was created for the development of the
area while the city government waits for President Aquino to authorize the use of the idle land.
An area within the North Harbor was invested in by the San Miguel Corporation, which plan to
build a ₱20 billion development known as San Miguel City. This would be a new business area
located within the Metropolis which then serve the shipping requirements of the different
divisions of the San Miguel Corporation. Anchor Land Holdings, a real estate developer, is
spearheading the construction of condominiums and commercial spaces in Manila with most of
their projects located within the city.
Tourist Spots
Tourism in Manila attracts over 1 million tourists each year. Some of the always visited
destinations are the walled city of Intramuros, Manila Zoo, the City Chinatown and the most
recognizable icon in the Philippines, the Rizal Park. The city is also famous for its events such as
the feast of Black Nazarene, free performances of the celebrities in Rizal Park and other events
in the Cultural Center of the Philippines .
Other notable museums in the city are:
 Bahay Tsinoy – one of Manila’s most prominent museums documenting the Chinese lives
and contributions in the Philippine history.
 Intramuros Light and Sound Museum – chronicles the Filipinos desire for freedom during the
revolution under Rizal’s leadership and other revolutionary leaders.
 Metropolitan Museum of Manila – exhibits the Filipino arts and culture.
 Museum of Manila – exhibits the city’s culture and history.
 Museo Pambata – children’s museum
 Museum of Philippine Political History – shows the notable political events in the country
 National Museum of the Philippines (includes the Museum of the Filipino People) – exhibits
life, culture and history of the country
 Parish of the Our Lady of the Abandoned and the San Agustin Church Museum – houses
religious artifacts
 UST Museum of Arts and Sciences – a university museum dedicated to contemporary arts
and science and technology.
Marikina City
Marikina is named as the Shoe Capital of the Philippines.
History
The first recorded foreigners who arrived in the city were the Augustinians, a Catholic religious
order, in the year 1570. They arrived in the spot now known as Chorillo, in Barangka. The Jesuits
came next and established as mission and built a chapel in a place now called Jesus dela Peña. In
that place, the first mass was held in 1680. On April 16, 1630, Fray Pedro de Arce, apostolic ruler
of the Archbishop of Manila, approved the transfer of ecclesiastical contraol and supervision to
the Jesuit, and settled a place as a town. The town was later called as “Mariquina” in 1787, named
after Felix Berenguer de Marquina who was the governor-general at that time. Later the town
was declared a pueblo under the Spanish colonial government. That year, Don Benito Mendoza
became the first Governadorcillo of Mariquina.
Year 1887, Mariquina emerged as a town of shoemakers through the efforts of Don Laureano
“kapitan Moy” Guevarra. He was said as the Father of Shoe Industry in the Philippines. He was
assisted in this effort by Tiburcio Eustaquio, Ambrocio Sta. Ines and Gervacio Carlos.
Mariquina became the capital of the Province of Manila (which then included Rizal) in 1898, when
the Philippine Revolution broke out.
On June 11, 1901, just after the Americans took possession of the country, the name of the town
“Mariquina” was changed into Marikina. After creation of many provinces and towns, Juan
Chanyungso became the first Mayor in the year 1938.
However, in the year 1942, the Japanese Imperial forces occupied Marikina. And in 1945, the
place was liberated by the combined U.S. and Philippine Commonwealth ground troops who
attacked the Japanese Imperial Army by artillery from Quezon City. There were lots of destruction
during this siege with a number of civilian casualties of 400.
The work ethic of the people led them to continue their shoe making industry after World War
II. Through this, they were prepared for the arrival of heavy industries and was finally named as
the “Shoe Capital of the Philippines”.

The natives of Marikina are referred as “Marikeños”. They are remarked to be some of the most
disciplined people in the Philippines due to the influences, ethics and urbanity from the past
administrations. The language spoken in the city is Tagalog. There is also a constant migration of
Bicolanos, Ilocanos, Cebuanos and other Visayan settlers in the city. Korenas, Americans,
Japanese and Indians are also some of the foreign immigrants to the city.
The 2010 census says that the total population of the city is 424,150. The city features a tropical
monsoon climate. With other places in the country, Marikina lies entirely within the tropics. Its
proximity to the equator means that the temperature range is very small, rarely going lower than
18 °C (64 °F) and going higher than 38 °C (100 °F). However, humidity levels are usually very high
which makes it feel much warmer. It has a distinct, relatively short dry season from January
through May, and a relatively lengthy wet season from June up to December.

Marikina is the biggest manufacturer of quality shoes in the country. It produced 80% of the shoe
production of the Philippines. All locally produced shoes are made in Marikina, from slippers to
shoes. The city also produces shoes which is made of rubber, wood (bakya), and plastic.
Additionally, it has a large number of internet shops, parlors, eateries, bakeries, made-to-order
products such as food processing and delicacies, and franchising as their common income.
The city provides job fairs, livelihood projects, free training and seminars for its people who want
to start or upgrade their business. The shoe and leather industry in the city generates thousands
of jobs within the city.
Tourist Spots
Marikina city has many festivals that are being celebrated throughout the year. These include:
 Sapatero Festival – a month long celebration that show cases the city’s shoe making industry.
It was recently changed into ” Sapatos Festival” to promote the local shoes of the city.
 Rehiyon-Rehiyon Parade and Festival – a festival of spectacular dances featuring authentic
costumes of various cultural diversities. This event is usually celebrated every first week of
December.
 Ka-Angkan Festival – held every April 16 at the Riverbanks Center Amphitheater. Part of the
festival is their week-long food festival and a pageant.
They also have landmarks and attractions that are being recognized now not only in the country
but also abroad:
 Marikina River Park – most awarded river which set as the Hall of Fame awardee for the
Cleanest Inland Body Water in the Philippines. This is also a popular camping site, picnic
ground and a recreational park. At night this park transforms into a modern nightlife event
center where numerous bars, restaurants and night clubs are being opened along the
riverbanks. The Roman Garden, Chinese Pagoda, Kawayanan, Youth Camp, Animal Trail,
Skating Rink and Women’s Camp are also located here. The river park also serves as the
traditional venue of Marikina Christmas Festival which begins annually as early as October.
 Philippine Science Centrum – the country’s largest and well-maintained science centrum and
one of the most visited amenities inside Riverbanks Center by the students from different
schools in Metro Manila.
 World of Butterflies – hundreds of butterflies in different variety, kind and sizes are housed
here. There are also frogs, caterpillars and all animals necessary for the food chain of the
butterflies are bred here. This place is considered as the Philippines largest collection of
different butterflies and other species. Field trips and tourists are being attracted here
because of its natural ambiance.
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 Shoe Museum – houses about 800 pairs of shoes, slippers and boots belonging to former
First Lady Imelda Marcos.
Muntinlupa City
The tourism establishment nicknamed Muntinlupa as “Emerald City of the Philippines”.
History
This city has a beautiful history. It was started by a Catholic priest named Father Joaquin. More
details of Muntinlupa City History can help you more understand how this city started.
As of 2010, Muntinlupa had a total population of 459,941, all living in a total land area of 18.03
sq miles (46.7 km²). Almost all of these people speak Tagalog as the primary language. Some
however speak English as a mode of communication in schools, offices and work.
The land is good for crops such as corns and other root crops. This is due to its Guadalupe Clay
Loam Series type of soil. Much of its total land area are used for residential purposes, followed
by commercial, industrial, institutional, and other utilities.
Muntinlupa lies within 14 degrees 23’longitude and 121 degrees 02’latitude and is located on the
Southwestern Coast of Laguna de Bay. It is bounded on the North by Taguig, on the Northwest
by Parañaque, on the West by Las Piñas, on the Southwest by the Province of Cavite, South by
the Province of Laguna and on the East by Laguna de Bay.
Muntinlupa lies within 14 degrees 23’ longitude and 121 degrees 02’ latitude and is located on
the Southwestern Coast of Laguna de Bay. It is bounded on the North by Taguig, on the Northwest
by Parañaque, on the West by Las Piñas, on the Southwest by the Province of Cavite, South by
the Province of Laguna and on the East by Laguna de Bay.
It is 22 kilometers South of Metro Manila, easily accessible to all points of Metro Manila through
the National Highway and South Luzon Expressway.
Recently, the city was awarded as the “Most Competitive City” and the “Most Improved City” in
the Philippines due to its 9,957 business establishments, large scale commercial real estate
development projects like Filinvest Corporate City by the Filinvest Development Corporation and
Madrigal Business Park by Ayala.
The city is now a “super city” because of its top premier shopping centers, corporate office
towers, famous hospitals with well-equipped facilities and information-Technology industries.
Navotas City
Navotas is considered as the Fishing Capital of the Philippines and also a first class city in Metro
Manila.
History
The whole Navotas was once part of Malabon. According to a legend, there was once a long and
narrow delta extended unbroken from north to south along the seashore. The strip of land
between the former district of Tondo and this town was eaten away by the sea until as opening
was made. Water started to flow through the opening. The change in the place made the
residents to refer to the place as “butas”, “nayon ng butas” or “nabutas”, Tagalog words that
mean breached or pierced through. In the next years, the place became known as “Nabotas”,
then “Navotas”.
The place was also known as hacienda de Navotas and was owned by the Dominican friars until
it was sold to the Pascual family during the early days of the American occupation and developed
into a residential estate.
Its locality was named as “San Jose de Navotas” after its patro saint “Saint Joseph”. On June 11,
1859, a “Superior Decreto” established a new parish and municipality under the supervision of
Friar Matias Navoa. The people was divided into two groups: the naturales (locals) and the
mestizos. The city has an incomplete and limited records regarding the next history of this.
In 1904, the town was merged with Malabon with Bernardo Dagala as the elected municipal
president. Two years after, Navotas became a separate and independent municipality with the
enactment of Act No. 1442 which separated it from Malabon. And on June 24, 2007, the
municipality became a city after a plebiscite was conducted.
According to 2010 census, Navotas City has a total population of 249,131 with a total land area
of 4.158 sq miles (10.77 km²).

Navotas is the major producer of fish in the market of Metro Manila. Almost 70% of the people
here works in fishing industry – fishermen, boatmen, fish trader, fishnet mender, and fish market
seller. Navotas Fish Port Complex, which serves as the landing ground for most commercial
fishing boats in the country, unloads an average of 800 tons of fish. Other provinces also bring an
additional of 50 tons of fish by land. All these happen everyday.
Navotas City lately became a Marine Industrial Estate. This allows local fishermen to make a
living by their own catch in public markets or to private companies that who also engage in
seafood production and related business.
Tourist Spots
Navotas City take pride of their Agora Market where the freshest and tastiest sea foods are sold.
Paranaque City
The Fashion Capital of the Philippines and The City of Lights
History
Even before the Spaniards came, Parañaque already had an ongoing industry. Their nearness to
the sea enabled them to trade with other Asian traders such as the Japanese, Chinese, Indians,
Indonesians and Malays. They used to trade salts, fish, rice, shoes and slippers.
Year 1572, Parañaque was officially founded by the Augustinian Missionaries. Fr. Diego de
Espiñar, an Augustinian Missionary who was appointed to be the local priest, established mission
house there. May 11, 1580, a meeting was held called as the Council of the Definitors was held
that made Palanyag, as Parañaque was then known, to be an independent town.
The people showed loyalty to the Spanish colonizers and continued to be at their service
whenever possible. That loyalty was put into test when a Chinese pirate named Limahong came
to invade the whole town. The Parañaqueños, heroically helped to prevent this. The horrible
battle led to the sacrifice of many lives thus calling it as “Red Sea Incident”. When the forces of
Captain Juan de Salcedo came, Limahong was finally driven back and the invasion of the town
was prevented. The people continued to be loyal to their oppressors, the Spaniards, when the
British colonizers came and tried to invade the town. However that loyalty changed especially
upon the creation of Katipunan and the continued participation of the locals there including
prominent Parañaqueños such as Manuel Quiogue and secular priest Father Pedro Dandan.

Parañaque is located at 121′ 01″ longitude and 14′ 30″ latitude and is bordered to the north by
Pasay, to the northwest by Taguig, to the southeast by Muntinlupa, to the southwest by Las Piñas
and to the west by Manila Bay. Its land area covers a total of 18.41 sq miles (47.69 km²) with a
population of 588,126 according to the 2010 census.
Like the rest of Metro Manila, Parañaque also experiences a tropical climate with only two
distinct seasons: wet (every July to September) and dry (every October to June). The city enjoys
rainfall of 1.822 mm and an average temperature of 34.4 degree Celsius.
Parañaque is a home of warm, friendly, hospitable and devoted Filipinos. It also serves as the
second home for various foreign nationals who came to love and like the city and its people.
People from different places of the country also came to live in the city. Ten percent of the total
population are pure Tagalog Paraqueños.

Parañaque is known for its dry and wet goods. They have dry goods market all over the northern
part of the city. Much of those were known for their “ready-to-wear” (RTW) clothes. The fishing
industry still continues in the city, stationed at Barangay La Huerta. There, marine products from
all over the country are being shipped and can be purchased straight from the boats.
Due to its proximity to the sea, Parañaque is one of the major trade and business centers in the
Philippines.
Tourist Spots
 Bird Sanctuary – this serves as the home of migratory birds from the neighboring Asian
countries such as China and as far as Siberia during winter season. You can see different kind
of migrating birds here every August to March.
 Tambo Mangroves Avian Reserve – this mangrove, located by the bay, is visited by hundreds
of bird species from all over the Asia-Pacific region seeking for sanctuary in this exclusive
zone.
 Redemptorist Church – one of the most visited church in Asia with the capacity seat of 3,000
and another 9,000 for standing devotees.
 Roligon Mega Cockpit – considered as the largest and most modern cockpit in Asia which is
visited by not only locals from all over the country but also by foreigners.
Pasay City
“The Travel City”
History
An explanation says that Pasay got its name from a princess named Dayang-dayang Pasay. She
was a princess of the Namayan Kingdom that existed around year 1175. She owned the lands
now comprising the territories of Culi-culi, Pasay and Baclaran.
In year 1727, the of the place was changed from Pasay to Pineda in honor of Don Cornelio Pineda,
a Spanish horticulturist who requested for guardias civiles for protection from bandits. The name
was used as the name of the place until the early 20th century.

The city, according to the 2010 census, has a total population of 392,869. Pasay City covers a
total land area of 18.50 kilometers (7.14 sq mi), making it the third smallest political subdivision
in the National Capital Region. The city can be divided into three distinct areas: (1) urban area of
5.505 square kilometers (2.125 sq mi); (2) Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) complex, which
include the Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) and the Villamor Airbase, with an area of
9.5 square kilometers (3.7 sq mi); (3) the reclaimed land from Manila Bay with as area of 4.00
square kilometers (1.54 sq mi). The barangays of the city don’t have names but are designated
with sequential numbers.
Tourist Spots
 Coconut Palace – is the official residence and workplace of the Vice President of the
Philippines. It was built in 1978 and was made from several types of Philippine hardwood,
coconut shells ans specially engineered coconut lumber apparently known as Imelda
Madera. The has an octagon shape with “salakot” (traditional Filipino hat) shaped on top.
Inside, there is a coconut-shell chandelier and a dining table made up of 40,000 tiny pieces
of inlaid coconut shells.
 Star City – a family-oriented amusement park with a total land area of 35,000 square meter.
It has various attractions such as Winter Funland, Dino Island which contains small museum
with prehistoric artifacts, Star Theater, miniature train rides, Snow World with freezing
temperatures and slides, statutes, castles and igloos carved from ice. Star City also has the
Giant Wheel, the tallest Ferris wheel in the Philippines with 32 air-conditioned gondolas able
to carry six passengers.
Pasig City
History
Even before the Spaniards came, there were already class of people living in Pasig. They were
called Remontados who used to live in the mountains.
According to an American anthropologist named H. Otley Beyer, the first settlers in the city were
groups of people of varied cultures and racial types who came to the Philippines in migratory
waves during the long period of 25,000 to 30,000 years ago.
At about 1450 A.D. the Pasig was a peaceful kingdom and was being ruled by Dayang Kalangitan,
wife of Gat Lontok. It was also said that the people at that time were getting their foods at the
river. There were also some who used to wash their clothes there. Others used the river for taking
a bath.
Pasig was a part before of Rizal province and served as its capital. However in 1975, it was carved
out of Rizal and became part of Metro Manila when the Metro manila Commission was created
by President Ferdinand Marcos through Presidential Decree 824.
Pasig continued to grow economically until it was converted into a highly urbanized city on
January 21, 1995 through Republic Act 7829.

2010 census stated that the population of Pasig city reached up to 669,773. The approximate
land area comprises 11.97 sq miles (31 km²).
The western part of the city is where most of Pasig’s financial resources are primarily
concentrated. It includes numerous factories, warehouses, establishments and commercial
facilities. Primarily they situated in the Ortigas Center, Pasig proper and along E. Rodriguez Jr.
Avenue (C-5) and Ortigas Avenue. Real estate and commercial developments along Mercedes
Avenue and other areas near the city center are developing. The eastern part was mostly
dominated with residential areas but numerous commercial establishment are now developing
along Marcos Highway. Per capita income (GDP) of Pasig is $12,032 per year. The barangay of
San Antonio has the largest income in Pasig, second only to San Lorenzo of Makati as the largest
single income-generated government unit in the Philippines. Arguably more significant western
part of Pasig, east of the city of Mandaluyong and as part of the barangay of San Antonio, lies the
Ortigas Center
Tourist Spots
 Pasig City Museum – a museum that shows the history, art, culture and tourism in the city.
 Bitukang Manok – a serpentile like part of the Pasig River. Some of the history of the
Philippine Revolution happened here.
 Bahay na Tisa – the oldest bahay na bato in existence in Pasig. Built by Don Cecilio Tech y
Cabrera in the early 1850s.
Quezon City
Quezon City, also known as the “City of The Star”, was the former capital of the Philippines.
History
Before Quezon City was created, it was composed of small individual towns. Then in the early
20th century, President Manuel L. Quezon dreamed of a city that would replace Manila as the
country’s capital city. It was believed that he got this idea when he went to Mexico earlier.
In year 1938, President Manuel L. Quezon decided to create a new city that will replace Manila
as the capital city of the Philippines. That was due to the fact that Manila was getting crowded
and was an easy target for bombardment by naval guns because it was near by the bay.
Without thinking that there is still possibility of bombardment from the air, still Quezon
continued the idea of a totally new city at least 15 km away from Manila Bay, beyond the reach
of naval guns. Quezon contacted William E. Parsons, an American architect and planner, and
helped on selecting the Diliman (Tuason) estate as the site for the new city. Within that year
Parsons died. His partner Harry Frost took over the assignment. Then the collaborated effort
began constructing plans for the next capital of the Philippines, Quezon City. The plan was then
approved by the Philippine authorities.
The city lies on the Guadalupe plateau which is a relatively high plateau on the northeast corner
of the metropolis – between the lowlands of Manila to the southwest and the Marikina River
valley to the east. The southern portion is drained by the very narrow San Juan River and its
tributaries to Pasig River, while running in the northern portions of the city is the equally narrow
Tullahan River.
Quezon City is bordered by Manila to the southwest, by Caloocan and Valenzuela City to the west
and northwest. To the south lies San Juan and Mandaluyong, while Marikina and Pasig borders
Quezon City to the southeast. To the north across Marilao River lies San Jose del Monte in the
province of Bulacan and to the east lies Rodriguez and San Mateo, both in the province of Rizal.
The city can be divided into a number of areas. The southern portion of the city is divided into a
number of places including Diliman, Commonwealth, the Project areas, Cubao, Kamias,
Kamuning, New Manila, San Francisco del Monte, and Santa Mesa Heights. The northern half of
the city is often called Novaliches and contains the areas of Fairview and Lagro. Most of these
areas have no defined boundaries and are primarily residential in nature.
The city is the most populous city in the country with a total population of 2,761,720 as of 2010
living in the land area of 64.17 sq miles (166.2 km²).

Quezon City is home to the Philippines’ major broadcasting networks. Television companies such
as TV5, ABS-CBN, GMA Network, INC TV, UNTV, Net 25, PTV, RPN, and IBC all have their
headquarters in Quezon City.
The commercial center of the city is in Cubao where many shopping malls and the Aurora Tower
can be found. There is a farmers’ plaza and farmers’ market. Fiesta Carnival was an enclosed
amusement park cum carnival which is located in the heart of the Cubao Commercial Center, it
has since been replaced by a branch of Shopwise, a local supermarket chain. You will also find
the Araneta Coliseum, a venue for concerts as well as sports events.
Tomas Morato and Timog Avenues are the heart of a restaurant and entertainment row with a
wide array of prices, cultures, and flavors while Banawe Avenue is dubbed as the Autoparts
Capital of the Philippines because of the concentration of car parts shops and accessories and
home to clusters of authentic Chinese restaurants aside from Binondo. The tallest building in the
city is a 40 storey Eastwood Parkview located in Eastwood City.
Tourist Spots
 Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife – this is an 80-hectare zoological and botanical garden
housing different species of trees and animals including snakes, deer, crocodiles, peacocks
and a monkey-eating eagle. There is also a park that maintains the rescued certain wildlife
animals that have been abandoned, confiscated or donated.
 UP Vargas Museum and Filipiniana Research Center – displayed inside the museum are the
artworks of the famous Filipino painters like Juan Luna, Felix Resurrection Hidalgo, Lorenzo
Guerrero and Fernando Amorsolo, as well as sculptors like Guillermo Tolentino and Graciano
Nepomuceno. There are also a collection of artifacts dated between 1880s and 1960s. Its
library contains more that 3,000 books, more that 1,000 volumes of periodicals and other
important documents about the Philippines.
San Juan City

Quezon City, also known as the “City of The Star”, was the former capital of the Philippines.
History
Before Quezon City was created, it was composed of small individual towns. Then in the early
20th century, President Manuel L. Quezon dreamed of a city that would replace Manila as the
country’s capital city. It was believed that he got this idea when he went to Mexico earlier.
In year 1938, President Manuel L. Quezon decided to create a new city that will replace Manila
as the capital city of the Philippines. That was due to the fact that Manila was getting crowded
and was an easy target for bombardment by naval guns because it was near by the bay.
Without thinking that there is still possibility of bombardment from the air, still Quezon
continued the idea of a totally new city at least 15 km away from Manila Bay, beyond the reach
of naval guns. Quezon contacted William E. Parsons, an American architect and planner, and
helped on selecting the Diliman (Tuason) estate as the site for the new city. Within that year
Parsons died. His partner Harry Frost took over the assignment. Then the collaborated effort
began constructing plans for the next capital of the Philippines, Quezon City. The plan was then
approved by the Philippine authorities.

The city lies on the Guadalupe plateau which is a relatively high plateau on the northeast corner
of the metropolis – between the lowlands of Manila to the southwest and the Marikina River
valley to the east. The southern portion is drained by the very narrow San Juan River and its
tributaries to Pasig River, while running in the northern portions of the city is the equally narrow
Tullahan River.
Quezon City is bordered by Manila to the southwest, by Caloocan and Valenzuela City to the west
and northwest. To the south lies San Juan and Mandaluyong, while Marikina and Pasig borders
Quezon City to the southeast. To the north across Marilao River lies San Jose del Monte in the
province of Bulacan and to the east lies Rodriguez and San Mateo, both in the province of Rizal.
The city can be divided into a number of areas. The southern portion of the city is divided into a
number of places including Diliman, Commonwealth, the Project areas, Cubao, Kamias,
Kamuning, New Manila, San Francisco del Monte, and Santa Mesa Heights. The northern half of
the city is often called Novaliches and contains the areas of Fairview and Lagro. Most of these
areas have no defined boundaries and are primarily residential in nature.
The city is the most populous city in the country with a total population of 2,761,720 as of 2010
living in the land area of 64.17 sq miles (166.2 km²).

Quezon City is home to the Philippines’ major broadcasting networks. Television companies such
as TV5, ABS-CBN, GMA Network, INC TV, UNTV, Net 25, PTV, RPN, and IBC all have their
headquarters in Quezon City.
The commercial center of the city is in Cubao where many shopping malls and the Aurora Tower
can be found. There is a farmers’ plaza and farmers’ market. Fiesta Carnival was an enclosed
amusement park cum carnival which is located in the heart of the Cubao Commercial Center, it
has since been replaced by a branch of Shopwise, a local supermarket chain. You will also find
the Araneta Coliseum, a venue for concerts as well as sports events.
Tomas Morato and Timog Avenues are the heart of a restaurant and entertainment row with a
wide array of prices, cultures, and flavors while Banawe Avenue is dubbed as the Autoparts
Capital of the Philippines because of the concentration of car parts shops and accessories and
home to clusters of authentic Chinese restaurants aside from Binondo. The tallest building in the
city is a 40 storey Eastwood Parkview located in Eastwood City.
Tourist Spots
 Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife – this is an 80-hectare zoological and botanical garden
housing different species of trees and animals including snakes, deer, crocodiles, peacocks
and a monkey-eating eagle. There is also a park that maintains the rescued certain wildlife
animals that have been abandoned, confiscated or donated.
 UP Vargas Museum and Filipiniana Research Center – displayed inside the museum are the
artworks of the famous Filipino painters like Juan Luna, Felix Resurrection Hidalgo, Lorenzo
Guerrero and Fernando Amorsolo, as well as sculptors like Guillermo Tolentino and Graciano
Nepomuceno. There are also a collection of artifacts dated between 1880s and 1960s. Its
library contains more that 3,000 books, more that 1,000 volumes of periodicals and other
important documents about the Philippines.
Taguig City
“The Metro Manila’s ProbinSyudad”
History
Before the Spanish colonization, Taguig was part of the Kingdom of Tondo ruled by Rajah
Soliman. It was said that the area’s population at that time was 800 consisting of the locals and
various Chinese settlers. The town produced more that enough rice for their consumption but
had less sugar cane to mill. The men lived through fishing while women wove cotton cloth and
“sawali” from bamboo strips.
Year 1571, Spain dominated the country. They Christianized the whole village and was recognized
as part of the encomienda of Tondo under Alcalde mayor, Captain Vergara. It was 1587 when
Taguig was proclaimed as an independent town under the province of Manila with 9 barrios.
Captain Juan Basi served as its first Kapitan from 1587 to 1588.
It was said that many of the people have resisted the rule of both Spaniards and American
opperssion. Don Juan Basi, the first Kapitan of Taguig attempted to overthrow the Spanish
government but failed and was exiled for two years as a punishment. When Katipunan started,
many from Taguig became its followers and later joined the uprising. When General Emilio
Aguinaldo formed the revolutionary government, the people of Taguig joined it. When the
Americans came to possess the country, they again went and fought unitedly, though marked by
struggles. It was one of the most difficult days of Taguig, being forcefully owned and abused by
its foreign oppressors but they continued until their united efforts and sacrifices led to the
freedom they long hoped for.
It was until 1998 that a bill was passed in the Congress pushing for the cityhood of Taguig. A
plebiscite was conducted, however it showed that the people were against its cityhood. The a
petition was sent to the Supreme Court, petitioning for a recount. February 19, 2004 the Supreme
Court ordered the Commission on Elections to conduct a recount. The recount showed that the
residents did want the municipality of Taguig to become a city with its count: 21,105 on “yes”
and 19,460 on “no”. Subsequently, Taguig became a city on December 8, 2004.

Taguig has a total population of 613,343 according to August 2007 census with a growth rate of
3.82% from 200-2007. Total land area is 47.88 km². The city lies on the western shore of Laguna
de Bay and is bordered by Muninlupa City to the south; Parañaque City to the southwest; and
Pasay City to the North.
Some of the city’s products that they currently promoting to support their industry are:
 Inutak – a delicious and creamy rice cake that melts in the mouth. Made from galapong,
coconut milk and sugar. A great partner for ice cream.
Taguig City, compared to any city in Metro Manila, has a lower tax rates enabling the any
businessman to start a good business in the city. Taguig is also a house of 16 universal and
commercial banks, 10 rural banks, 1,126 manufacturing firms, 243 restaurants, 13 registered
batching plants, 2 shopping malls, 24 cottage industries and 7,776 registered commercial and
industrial establishments.
Tourist Spots
 American Cemetery and Memorial – this cemetery which is dedicated to the American
soldiers who fought and died during the World War 2, was established in May 1947 at Fort
Bonifacio. Due to its wide variety of trees and shrubbery, this memorial ground is a favorite
destination of tourists and war veterans.
 Archdiocesan Shrine of St. Anne – one of the oldest churches in the Philippines built during
the term of Fr. Diego Alvarez.
 Dambanang Kawayan – a century old church with altar, wall sidings and benches that are
made from pure and native bamboo.
Valenzuela City
“The City of Discipline”
History
Valenzuela was named after Pio Valenzuela, a Filipino physician who was among the leaders of
the Katipunan and served as the towns first presidente municipal who was appointed to serve as
such.
Prior to its present name, Valenzuela was first called as Polo (island). That was because the place
was surrounded by rivers from the north and Tullahan River on the south so early townsmen
called the place Pulo which later evolved into Polo due to hispanicization of the word.
The town was occupied by not only Spaniards and Americans but also by the British armies during
the Seven Year’s War and by the Japanese during the Second World War. It was a terrible time
for its people. One of the brutal incident that its people faced was during December 10, 1944
when the Japanese massacred and tortured to death 100 males from Polo and neighboring town
Obando as they were suspected of rebellion. From 1:00am to the setting of the sun, the cries of
those who were suffering the brutal death were heard inside Polo’s municipal building. When
the joined forces of Filipino and American soldiers came, almost the whole town was burned
when this forces used flamethrowers to burn all the suspected places where the Japanese might
occupy, not excluding the 300-year old San Diego de Alcala church.
In 1960, President Diosdado Macapagal ordered the creation of the municipality of Valenzuela
carved from few territories of Polo and is independent from the provincial government of
Bulacan. However in 1963, another law was issued ordering the reversal of the previous edict
and reunifying the towns of Polo and Valenzuela under the single name of Valenzuela. In 1975,
Valenzuela was named as an independent municipality from the government of Bulacan and
incorporated under the administration of Metropolitan Manila Authority. On 14 February 1998,
President Fidel V. Ramos signed Republic Act 8625, or the Valenzuela City Charter, which
elevated the status of Valenzuela as a highly urbanized, chartered city.
Valenzuela City has a total land mass of 44.59 square kilometer with almost 600,000 population
(August 2010 census), making it the 10th most populous city in the Philippines. Its population is
composed of 72% Tagalog people and 5% Bicolanos. There is a small percentage of foreign
nationals who live in the city.
The city is bordered by Meycauayan (Bulacan) in the north, Quezon City and northern Caloocan
in the east, Obando (Bulacan) in the west, Malabon. southern Caloocan and Tullahan River in the
south.
Its proximity to the equator tends to make its temperature to rise and fall into very small range:
from as low as 20 °C (68 °F) to as high as 35 °C (95 °F). The Köppen climate system classifies
Valenzuela climate as tropical monsoon (Am) due to its location and precipitation characteristics.
This means that the city has two pronounced seasons: dry and wet seasons. The city’s driest
months are from November to April where the city receives less than 60 millimetres (2.4 in) of
rainfall. On the other hand, maximum rain period is from June to September where the city
receives not more than 600 millimetres (24 in) of rainfall. Hail and snow is not observed in the
city.
Tourist Spots
Valenzuela City’s tourist attractions include:
 Valenzuela Museum – one of the city’s main historical and cultural landmarks. The museum
houses a vast collection of artifacts and memorabilia that traces Valenzuela’s history and
progress.
 National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima – this shrine was recently declared by the Department
of Tourism as a tourist site. Now this shrine serves as the pilgrimage site of the Diocese of
Malolos.
Region V – Bicol Region
The Bicol Region or Region V (also known as Bicolandia) is one of the 17 regions of the Philippines.
Bicol (also spelled Bikol) is composed of four provinces in the Bicol Peninsula, the southeastern
end of Luzon island, and two island-provinces adjacent to the peninsula. Its regional center is
Legazpi City in Albay province.
The region is composed of six provinces, namely, Albay, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur,
Sorsogon and the island-provinces of Catanduanes and Masbate.
The region has the following cities:
1. Legazpi City
2. Ligao City
3. Tabaco City
4. Iriga City
5. Naga City
6. Masbate City
7. Sorsogon City
Legaspi City
“Gateway City of Bicol”

History
Legazpi City was named after Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the Spanish conquistador who conquered
the Philippines in 1565. The place was named as such by the Spaniards as such to Legazpi was
named after Miguel López de Legazpi, the Spanish conquistador who conquered the Philippine
islands in 1565, and whose family name came from Legazpi, a town in Guipuzcoa, Spain.
Historically, the city was named Legazpi, to perpetuate to the memory of Adelantado Don Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi. This was the agreement made between the original inhabitants of the place
and the Spaniards during the former’s quest for autonomy. It took them 21 years, in which they
sought the help and support of the Spaniards, then living in the town. As a sign of gratitude, the
people readily accepted the name, which was also then proposed by the Spaniards upon
fulfillment of their efforts.

As of 2010, Legazpi City had a total population of 182,201and a total land area of 153.70 km2
(59.34 sq mi).
The city has a tropical rainforest climate with copious amount of rainfall in the whole year. There
are also noticeable wetter and drier periods of the year. The driest month is April.

The city, including the whole Bicol Region, is known for their native delicacy Bicol Express. It is a
stew made from long chillies (siling mahaba in Tagalog, lada panjang in Malay/Indonesian),
coconut milk, shrimp paste, onion, pork and garlic.
Tourist Spots
The city is also nicknamed as the “City of Fun and Adventure” because of its natural scenery and
the ever-famous Mount Mayon. The city is also blessed by landscapes that made the visitors and
tourists take innumerable photos and postcard.
 The Legazpi Boulevard – the second longest boulevard in the country next to Roxas
Boulevard in Metro Manila.
 Ligñon Hill Nature Park – the best place to view the whole Legazpi City and the Mayon
Volcano. This 143 meters high volcanic hill is the highest location in the downtown area and
towers over the adjacent Legazpi Airport. Part includes nature trails and ziplines.
 The Embarcadero is a major waterfront development in Legazpi fronting the main harbor of
Legazpi with views towards Mayon Volcano. It consists of retail spaces, restaurants, markets,
a major civic space and landmark lighthouse.
 The Japanese Tunnel is an L-shaped tunnel used as an arsenal by the Japanese Imperial Army
during the World War II. It measures 40 metres (130 ft) long and around 7 feet (2.1 m) deep
below the ground. The tunnel is located in Brgy. EM’s Barrio South in the Albay District.
 Cagsawa Church Ruins – the ruins of a 17th century church destroyed by Mayon Volcano
during its 1814 eruption.
Ligao City
History
Ligao was once a small settlement known as “Cavasi” during the 16th century. It continued to
grow and progress as it attracted natives from nearby settlements. However, conflict between
leaders who aimed for power and possession caused divisions among the settlement.
There were 5 divisions created and was led by the maginoos (chieftains): Pagkilatan, Maaban,
Sampongan, Makabongay and the Hokoman. The clash ended when Chieftain Pagkilatan was
appointed supreme leader over the whole settlement with the approval of the other chieftains.
The town was founded as a barrio of Polangui in 1606, being ceded to Oas in 1665, and finally
becoming an independent municipality in 1666. It gained city status on March 24, 2001, after a
plebiscite with an overwhelming Yes vote of 17,754 as against 1,387 No votes.

Ligao City has a total population of 104,914 people (2010 census) and is located in the province
of Albay, Philippines almost 500 kilometers south-east of Manila.
The city has a total land area of 24,640 hectares. 23.05 percent of which are fertile flatlands
suitable for high value crops and 76.95 percent are mountainous and hilly terrain with potential
for agriculture and traversed by secondary rivers. Tertiary rivers originate from Mt. Masaraga
and Mayon Volcano located at the south and eastern side of the city. Ligao’s soil is generally
fertile giving great flexibility practically to all types of crops. There are six common soil types
found in the city: Ligao loam; Guinobatan sandy loam; Mauraro gravelly sandy loam; Libon silt;
Tigaon clay and Sevilla clay.
There is a distinct dialect in Ligao, even more different in spelling, pronunciation and meaning
than the local Bicol dialect. It is quite similar to Kinaray-a of Antique.

Almost 70% of the city’s economy came from agriculture sector. The majority of the population
depends upon farming and related industry. Some own a lands which are also being tilled and
farmed by the local tenants and farmers. Much of the products are coconut and rice; root crops
and vegetables follow. There are also some with agro-industries, piggery and poultry and
concrete products. Handicrafts, noodles manufacturing and food processing are the leading
home industries. They also export coco coir products, hogs and poultry and organic fertilizers.
Tourist Spots
The city offers lots of tourist attraction to satisfy the different kinds of tourists from the
adventurous ones to the nature lovers. Here are some of those spots:
 Malison Lake – located Barangays Pandan and Bonga. Perfect place for swimming where the
peak view of the Mayon Volcano can be seen. Aside from swimming, the lake is also good
for fishing and boating. To entertain the guests and the tourist alike, they have 16 cottages,
4 lodging rooms, a large function room with videoke service.
 The twin peaks of Mt. Mayon and Mt. Masaraga – offers a great adventure for those who
are mountain climbers.
 Underground caves at Barangays Allang and Tula-Tula Pequeño.
Tabaco City
History
The earliest recorded history of Tabaco City was in 1587, according to the Estado Geografico
Estadistico Historico written by Father De Huerta. It all began during the missionary work of the
first Franciscan Fathers. The purpose of the effort was to convert the people of the town of
Cagsawa to Catholisism. The people were living along the seashore and made fishing and farming
as their way of living. However, due to the attacks made by the Moro raiders, they people
transferred to San Vicente and San Carlos and there started the first poblacion in 1703. The
fishermen still continued their fishing industry as they went to and lived in the shores of the bay
of what is known as Barangay Cormidal.
Over the years, Tabaco became the largest and the most strategic settlement and in mid-17th
century, the province of Albay was divided into two. The first was Partido de Tabaco which
included the present-day towns of the First District of Albay, Legazpi, Daraga and Catanduanes.
The other division, which was Partido de Iraya, included the towns currently making up the Third
District and parts of Camarines Sur.
Known even then for being a town of great charm and character, Tabaco was in fact no stranger
to natural calamities. In 1811, a powerful typhoon wreaked unimaginable destruction on Tabaco.
Because the storm all but stripped the town bare, it earned the nickname Bagiong Oguis (white
typhoon).
But the tragedies didn’t stop there. Year 1814, Mayon Volcano erupted violently with floods of
molten lava rampaging down the villages. There were lots of affected during this eruption,
including the lives of unnumbered people and the livelihood of much of the people. For many
years, the rice fields were rendered as unproductive due to the eruption.
The progression of Tabaco City continued throughout the year even though sometimes
interrupted by the Wars and colonizers.
Population/Language/ Area
Tabaco City is located on the eastern coast of Albay province with an area of 117.14 square
kilometers (45.23 sq mi). Its southern border is the town of Malilipot. The vast rice fields of
Malinao captures you in the northeast. The city’s southwest boundary reaches all the was to the
top of Mayon at an elevation of 2,462 m (8,077 ft).
The City of Tabaco belongs to the Type II climate of the Philippines. It is characterized by no
distinct dry season but with a very pronounced maximum rainfall from November to January.
The area has pronounced warmness and humidity throughout the year with a mean temperature
of 26.0 °C (78.8 °F) and a humidity range up to 80%. February is the coldest month with a low of
21.0 °C (69.8 °F). The warmest temperature is experienced during the month of May with a mean
temperature of 27.0 °C (80.6 °F).
The total population as of 2010 was 125,083. The main dialect spoken by the people is Bicol-
Naga. However, the majority of the people still speak Tagalog and English. Other languages
spoken are Bicolano Viejo, Spanish and Chinese.
Its economy is still heavily dependent on agriculture. Major crops include rice, corn, cacao, pili,
root crops, vegetables, coconuts and abacá. There are also some who raise poultry, livestock,
aquaculture and fishing as their main business. Other livelihood include woodcraft, metal craft,
rattan craft, ceramics, hat and mat weaving, ship repair and building, and trucks, buses and AUV
manufacturing.
Another trademark of Tabaco is the razor-sharp tabak or bolo. Other food products of the city
are pili nuts, rice cakes, ibos and latik
Tourist Spots
 Mayon Planetarium and Science Park – Tabaco’s most visited tourist destination. Perched in
the heels of Mayon Volcano, the Planetarium is at least 2,500 feet above sea level, offering
visitors a stunning view of mainland Tabaco and itstwo islands, Natunawan and San Miguel.
The height also gives the place a Baguio-like chill ideal for picnics and nature watching.
Added attractions include horseback riding and guided treks within the park grounds.
 Marine Sanctuary and Fishery Reserve – At 2.25 sq. km. protected area off the coast of
Barangay Sagurong. In 2002, it was adjudged 2nd Best Managed Coral Reef in the entire
Philippines by the environmental organization PhilReefs.
 Padyak Race – Being the proud Padyak Capital of the Philippines, Tabaco City has
appropriately inaugurated this unique contest starring no less than the most common mode
of transportation in the city. Like the rest of the festival games, the race is primarily for
entertainment.
Iriga City
History
The Franciscan friars, who sat foot on the Bicol peninsula, saw in the new land a good ground for
evangelization. They soon called it “Iraga”, which means there is land.
Iraga developed in size and wealth. Soon thereafter, foundation work had been laid down by
proclaiming it as visita of Nabua. More and more people from Nabua came to the place for
settlement.
In 1682, with a population of 8,909, I-raga was converted into Pueblo de la Provincia de Ambos
Camarines. Later on, the Spanish authorities changed the name from I-raga to Iriga and In 1710
Don Bonifacio de los Angeles organized the first four barrios of Iriga – San Agustin, San Isidro, San
Nicolas and San Antonio Abad.
In 1901, under the American colonization, the first public school in Iriga was established, the Iriga
Central School. In 1913 the Manila Railroad Company Station and the public market was
established at its present site . With the establishment of the train station and the public market,
Iriga rapidly grew and became the center of trade and commerce in the Rinconada area.
The American colonial period temporarily ended in 1942 when World War II broke out. The
Japanese Imperial Army established a garrisoned at Kalbaryo hill overlooking the city proper. Iriga
Central School became a concentration camp; those who could not be accommodated were
brought to the Ateneo de Naga.
Like in many other places, Bicolano guerilla units spring up in Iriga after the formal American
colonialist resistance has ended. Mt. Iriga became the base of the resistance attracting recruits
not only from Iriga but even as far as Albay. With the help of the Agtas who were very familiar
with the terrain, the Japanese army could penetrate the interiors of the mountain.
With the end of the Japanese occupation in May 15, 1945, the Iriga Central was reopened and
rehabilitation began. In 1948, the first college in Iriga City, the Mabini Memorial College was
established by Atty. Felix O. Alfelor. A year later, Atty. Ortega also established the Saint Anthony
College.
The establishment of these centers for higher learning, including the La Consolacion Academy
further spurred the growth and development of the municipality as it attracts students from all
over the region.
In 1960s, Iriga saw tremendous economic and social progress. On July 8, 1968, the city was
converted into a city through Republic act 5261. However, it was only on September 3 of the
same year that the City was formally organized and inaugurated as the third city of the Bicol
Region by then President Ferdinand Marcos.
Iriga city is located on the southern part of Camarines Sur Province in Bicol Region. The city is 400
kilometers southeast of Manila, 37 kilometers south of Naga, and 61 kilometers north of Legaspi
City. It is bounded on the north by the town of Ocampo and Sagnay, on the east by Buhi, on teh
south by Libon, Albay Province, and on the west by the towns of Baao and Nabua. Iriga City is
accessible by land via the National Highway and by air through Legaspi Airport.
With an area of 137.4 sq. kilometers, the city is politically subdivided into 36 barangays which are
mostly rural areas.
Iriga City has a total population of 105,919 (2010 NSO Survey) with a growth rate of 2.6% per
annum. The city has an aggregate of 17,061 household and an average household size of 5.21
persons per household.
The city’s population is a conglomerate of Bicolanos, Tagalogs, Visayans, Pampangos, Ilocanos,

Muslim and foreigners and the dominant dialect is Rinconada.
Irigueños or people of Iriga speak Riŋkonāda Bikol language. Irigueños of Austronesian lineage
are using Iriga variant while the indigenous and oboriginal groups of Agta/Itom (Negrito) are
using Agta variant of the language. Tagalog/Filipino and English languages are also understood
and spoken.
The following are some businesses that can be promoted in Iriga City:
 commercial poultry and hog raising

 production of dairy products
 cacao and coffee production and processing
 production of high value commercial crops like malungay, mushroom, vegetables
 demonstration farms
 amusement parks
 food processing such as meat packing, curing, and canning
 consumer chemicals such as detergents and personal care products
 essential oil and fragrances
 furniture and fixture
 mass housing projects
 medium-size commercial complexes
 hotels and resorts
 food establishments
 technology-related ventures like business process outsourcing, graphic design, and software
development
 financial services
Tourist Spots
Some of the tourist attractions in Iriga City are:
 Mt. Iriga – also known as Mount Asog, is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines in the
province of Camarines Sur. It is known for its phreatic (water) explosions. It is also a
stratovolcano of about a kilometer from Lake Buhi. It rises 1,196 m (3,924 ft) with a base
diameter of 10 kilometers.
 Lake Buhi – it has an average area of 18 square kilometers and has an average depth of 8
meters. The lake lies in the valley formed by two ancient volcanoes, Mt. Asog and Mt.
malonao. It was created in 1641, when an earthquake caused a side of Mt. Asog to collapse.
The resulting landslide created a natural dam that blocked the flow of nearby streams. The
lake is famous since it is one of the few bodies of water that contains the sinarapan
(Mistichthys luzonensis) which is the world’s smallest commercially harvested fish.
 Tinagba Science and Technology Park – the main feature and centerpiece of the park is a
Planetarium Exhibit and Telescopes for Stargazing from the National Museum in Manila. It
also exhibits a mini zoo, a foot spa where little fishes tug at your toes, an Activity Center for
the kids, and a Wall of Wonder/ Science Exhibit where students from local schools display
their science projects.
Naga City
“The Queen City of Bicol”
History
Before the coming of Spanish conquerors, Naga was already a flourishing village along the banks
of the Naga River. It was an important village with comparatively sophisticated weaponry and
surprisingly advanced culture.
In 1575, Captain Pedro de Chávez, the commander of the garrison left behind by Salcedo,
founded on the site of the present business centre (across the river from the original Naga) a
Spanish city which he named La Ciudad de Cáceres, in honor of Francisco de Sande, the governor-
general and a native of the city of Cáceres in Spain. It was still by this name that it was identified
in the papal bull of August 14, 1595 that erected the See of Cáceres, together with those of Cebú
and Nueva Segovia, and made it the seat of the new bishopric under the Archdiocese of Manila.
In time, the Spanish city and the native village merged into one community and became popularly
known as Nueva Cáceres, to distinguish it from its namesake in Spain. It had a city government
as prescribed by Spanish law, with an ayuntamiento and cabildo of its own. At the beginning of
the 17th century, there were only five other ciudades in the Philippines. Nueva Cáceres remained
the capital of the Ambos Camarines provinces and later of the Camarines Sur province until the
formal creation of the independent chartered city of Naga under the Philippine Republic.
Naga City has a total land area of 8,448 has. and a total population of 174,931 as of 2010.
The weather in the city from March to May is hot and dry with temperature ranging from 22 to
28 °C (72 to 82 °F). From June to October is the typhoon season and it is generally rainy. From
November to February, the climate is cooler with temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 °C (72 to
82 °F). The average year-round humidity is 77%.

Local products include rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, vegetables, abaca, fruit trees or citrus,
legumes, and root crops.
Strategically located in the heart of the Bicol peninsula, Naga City accounts for Bicol’s most
number of business establishments, even as it is favored by the country’s largest companies to
be the center of their regional operations in this part of South Luzon. Several international
companies are in Naga City. The city is also the center of business and industries, even in trade
for local municipalities surrounding the city. It also serves as the embarkation point of the Bicol
Region and the receiving point of international supplies from Metro Manila. The city is also the
major supplier of supplies from Metro Manila to other municipalities, and cities in the Bicol
Region and Region 8 (Samar, and Leyte). Naga City is also the home of business when it comes to
commercialization and industrialization of the Bicol Region.
Tourist Spots
 Malabsay Falls – a 40 ft falls located on the slope of Mt. isarog in Panicuason. The Malabsay
Ecology Park features swimming areas beneath the waterfalls, concrete windingstrings, foot
bridges and pathways, cottages, and a plant nursery and camping ground.
 University of Nueva Caceres Museum – located inside the University of Nueva Caceres, the
UNC museum is one of the oldest museums outside Manila and recognized by the
International Association of Museum. It houses historical artifacts of the ancient Bicol, its
people and culture.
 Our Lady Peñafrancia Museum – is located near the banks of Naga River, a few steps away
from the Peñafrancia Shrine. This museum is a fond tribute to the Miraculous Lady. It is a
piece to get in touch with Bicol’s historico-religious tradition. Its centerpiece is the Diorrama,
a tri-dimentional presentation of faith and devotion from its roots in San Martin del
Castañar, Spain. The museum was also declared as a National Historical Landmark on
September 9, 1988. From a humble vacation house of the 18th century, it has emerged as a
center and well-spring of ecclesiastical education in the Bicol Region.
 Museu del Seminario Concillar de Nueva Caceres – located in the central pavillion of the age-
old Holy Rosary Minor Seminary. On display are materials in four exhibit areas: Gallery of
Bicolano Ecclesistics, that showcases memorabilia of the prominent Bicolano bishops, old
scholastic records, directory of the Bicol clergy, books owned by Bishop Jorge Barlin and the
archival materials which all give evidence of the ecclesiastical education of the Bicoloanos;
the Ecclesistical Vessel and Artifacts room, which is a mixed collection of liturgical materials,
monstrance, candelabras and other pieces which are reminders of the devotions of the past;
the Marian Room with its collection of pictures of the canonical coronation in 1924 of the
Virgin of Peñafrancia, there are also water color paintings of the different Marian images
venerated in the different parishes of the Archdiocese of Caceres; and the Archeological
room with its collection of the pre-Christian artifacts which consist of Neolithic stone
technology unearthed mostly in the Bicol region.
Masbate City
“Rodeo Capital of the Philippines”
History
The islands of Masbate, Ticao and Burias were explored by Captain Luis Enriquez de Guzman in
1569. This exploration work was continued by Captain Andres de Ibarra. Ibalon (Albay) Province
assumed jurisdiction over Masbate Islands, and Masbate was named the town’s capital village;
for security reasons, the seat of government had to be moved time and time again. It was first
moved to Mobo and then again, to Guiom. It was later transferred to Palanog near the mouth of
Lumbang River to make it more accessible to Bicol mainland and to the islands of Burias and
Ticao. However, government records were kept inland in Cagay.
The political history of the town dates back to the 1850s when the Spaniards established their
government under a Spanish Gobernadorcillo. The Masbateños’ vassalage to Spain ended
sometime in the early part of 1898 as an offshoot of the libertarian campaign waged by General
Emilio Aguinaldo.
As of 2010, Masbate City had a total population of 85,227. Majority of the people speak
Minasbate as the main language of the city. There are, however, some people who speak
Cebuano and Hiligaynon. Source of living of the people are equaly divided according to the place
where they live.
Masbate City serves as the center of trading activities in the province. Local product such as dried
fish, copra, rice, coconut, crabs, fish, prawn, bangus, livestock are being exported to Manila,
Cebu, Iligan, Roxas, Iloilo, Tacloban, Ormoc, Legaspi, Naga, Daet and Sorsogon. The aquamarine
products are also shipped-out to Metro Manila, Cebu, Batangas, and Lucena. Shrimps, crabs, and
prawns are shipped to Japan; mud crabs to taiwan; headless squid to USA and Japan; crab meat
to USA and scallops to Europe.
The city is importing products mainly from Manila, Lucena, Cebu and Legaspi. These are mostly
rice, bakery raw materials, transport vehicles and appliances, farm inputs, construction materials
and basic commodities. These are also traded by the city to other municipalities in the whole
province.
Tourist Spots
 Buntod Sand Bar and marine Sanctuary – this is the first established marine sanctuary of the
city where hard and soft coral covers highlights the underwater scenes.
 Bugsayon Marine Sancturay – this is a 50-hectarte marine sanctuary where a traveler can
experience to see the live corals and its diverse marine animals.
 Tatoo Island – also called as Minalayo Island. It has a number of openings of various sizes
that lead to an underground lagoon where sea snakes and bats reigns.
If you are a tourist and new to the city this Affordable Masbate Hotels can be a good choice to
stay.
 Lapay Bantigue Dance Festival – celebrated annually during the City Anniversary on 30th day
of September. This event highlights the traditional folk dance created by “Lola Felisa” many
years ago, when she imitated the graceful movement of the seagull (locally known as Lapay).
The dance has evolved and is now recognized by the Cultural Center of the Philippines as
one of the official folk dances of the country. This dance was also recognized during the
Spanish Colonization.
 Rodeo Masbateño – the only rodeo show in Asia. It is celebrated annually in April and
showcase 10 competitive rodeo events. Highlighting this event is the difficult “figure of
eight” competition where the cowboy crisscrosses around a group of barrels. Women
participate in heart stopping events like calf wrestling, calf lassoing and carambola
Sorsogon City
History
Sorsogon City was created by virtue of Republic Act 8806, which was signed into law on August
16, 2000 and ratified during a plebiscite on December 16, 2000. RA 8806, also known as the
Cityhood Law, called for the merger of the municipalities of Sorsogon and Bacon into a
component city of the province of Sorsogon.
The merged municipalities of Bacon and Sorsogon more or less shared the same establishment
pattern with Bacon leading the way. The present-day settlements grew out of the Spanish
missionary efforts in the 1600s. They both started as missions that were later made into parishes
and eventually declared as civilian political units. Both places were already settled when the
Spanish missionaries came in the 1600s. Pre-historic artifacts found pointing to human habitation
ranged from the 3,000-year old remains in a cave in Bacon and ancient burial sites dug upstream
of rivers in Sorsogon.
The city of Sorsogon is located at the northeastern part of Sorsogon Province in the southern tip
of Luzon Island, around 600 kilometers away from Manila. The city center is situated on the coast
along Sorsogon Bay where its port is located. The northern part of the city is bounded by Albay
Province and Albay Gulf. Neighboring towns include Prieto Diaz in the east, Gubat in the
southeast, Castilla in the west, and Manito town of Albay Province in the north. Most of the city’s
land area of 338 square kilometer are considered rural which are either forested or devoted to
agriculture. The northern part of the city’s terrain is mostly mountainous and hilly while the
southern part is flat.
Main agricultural products include rice, coconut, abaca, pili nuts, rootcrops and vegetables. Its
marine industry produces fish, prawn, and seaweed.
Sorsogon City serves as the main economic industry of the province. It also has sizable number
of residents. Due to that fact, the city has enough potential to attract investment. It also has raw
materials needed by the different industries. Some of the possible businesses that can be put up
into the city are coconut oil and by-products, choco-pili candy, dairy products, furniture and
fixture, ceramic products such as housewares and sanitary wares, and seaweed processing.
Tourist Spots
 PNOC-Ecopark – covering a total of 25,100 hectares of forest reservation, straddling the

Sorsogon-Albay boundary areas. This eco-park offers a lot of eco-tour delights and
adventures.
 Pagurian Island – the island itself is very picturesque with a kind of lagoon at its center with
the earth and craggy rock wall enclosing it, jutting upwards, much like a volcano crater.
Region 6 – Western Visayas
Consists the islands of Western Visayas. It consists of six provinces: Aklan, Antique, Negros
Occidental, Capiz, Guimaras and Iloilo. The center of regional office is in Iloilo City. Among the 16
cities in the region that make it as the region with the highest number of cities, there are also 2
highly urbanized cities that make this up: Bacolod City and the Iloilo City.
These are the cities that make up Western Visayas Region, also known as Region 6:
1. Roxas City
2. Iloilo City
3. Passi City
4. Bacolod City
5. Bago City
6. Cadiz City
7. Escalante City
8. HimamaylanCity
9. Kabankalan City
10. La Carlota City
11. SagayCity
12. San Carlos City

13. Silay City
14. Sipalay City
15. Talisay City
16. Victorias City
Roxas City
“Seafood Capital of the Philippines”
The abundance of marine life makes Roxas City the “Seafood Capital of the Philippines.” This
environment-friendly city is home to one of the richest fishing grounds in the country. Being a
recipient of the Cleanest and Greenest Component City in Western Visayas Award in the Gawad
Pangulo sa Kapaligiran (GPK) Cleanliness and Environmental contest is a clear testament of its
people’s commitment in ensuring a healthier and brighter future for all its residents and visitors
as well. Recently, Roxas City has been a recipient of major awards from various government
agencies. The Department of Health (DOH) awarded this city with the Red Orchid Award for being
“100 percent tobacco-free.” It has also gained the Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG) Seal of Good Housekeeping and lauded the Best Police Station in the region by the
Philippine National Police.
History
The City of Roxas, once known as the municipality of Capiz is the capital of the province of Capiz.
In 1569, Captain Diego de Artieda who was sent by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi from Cebu, landed
on the town of Pan-ay and proclaimed it as the capital. Later the capital was moved to its present
site upon discovering that the town of Capiz was near the sea where they can have better docking
facilities. The Spaniards saw the long coastal cover and envisioned a trading and shipping center.
Ports were constructed in Libas and later in Culasi.
In 1590, the Navy of Acapulco, Mexico made Capiz port its arsenal (naval yard) where they can
seek shelter when the sea was rough. Capiz then eventually grew into a bustling port and several
houses of stones were built. The social and political status enjoyed by the native chieftains of
Capiz often resulted in mixed marriages with the Spaniards. The mestizo descendants became
the base of the principalia or influential citizens. Their privileged positions allowed them to build
houses around the favored square of the poblacion – around the church and the government
complex.
In 1746, Capiz was made the seat of the politico-military government, although it was
ecclesiastically controlled by the Bishopric of Cebu. In the latter part of 1795, under
Gobernadorcillo Miguel Bautista, the old road to Baybay Beach was built as an extension of San
Roque Street.
The town of Capiz was frequently attacked by Muslims that in 1814, stone forts at Baybay Beach
(Baluarte) were built through the initiative of Gobernadorcillo Jose Consolacion.
Capiz became a chartered city on May 12, 1951 through House Bill 1528 sponsored by Ramon
Acuña Arnaldo, the representative of the First District of Capiz. It was approved by President
Elpidio Quirino on April 11, 1951 as Republic Act 608. Consequently, the town was named Roxas
City after her greatest son, President Manuel Acuña Roxas, the last president of the
Commonwealth and the first president of the Philippine Republic.
Roxas City is situated just east of the north-central coast of Panay Island with geographic
coordinates of 11°35′ N, 122°45′ E. Its boundaries are: the Sibuyan Sea to the north, the
municipality of Panitan to the south, the municipality of Ivisan to the west, and the municipality
of Panay to the East. It is located 250 nautical miles (460 km) southeast of Manila and 135
kilometres (84 mi) northeast of Iloilo City(Regional Capital). Travel time to Manila is 45 minutes
by air and 18 hours by sea.
The language spoken in Roxas City are Capiznon and Hiligaynon.
Based on the 2010 census, the city has a population of 156,197with a density of 1,542.89/km2
(3,996.07/sq mi) people. And reaching up to 200,000 during daytime due to the influx of people
from neighboring provinces from northern Iloilo, to do business, study, vacation, etc.
The city usually exports goods through its national port and the port of Iloilo. Exported good are
mostly agricultural and marine products like rice, corn, copra, kapis shells, green mussels or
“tahong”, oyster or ‘talaba”, dried fish, prawns, crabs ans shrimps.
Roxas City has basically an agri-based economy. Farming and fishing are the major economic
activities which claim 52.87% of the city’s total land area. Although agricultural, the city is now
moving towards commercialization and industrialization as it is the center of trade and commerce
not only in the province of Capiz but also in the northern part of Panay Island.
The city has a national port, a fishing port and airport. Visitors or transients in the city could stay
at any of the nineteen (19) available accommodation facilities and they could dine at the twenty-
one (21) restaurant and thirty-nine (39) refreshment parlors.
Tourist Spots
 Capiz Bay Resort – this fishing area attracts guests through its sure catch, hands on,
fishing experience. The “hook and cook your catch” theme is one of the resort’s popular
attractions
Ilo-ilo City
“City of Love”
History
Iloilo started as the settlement of the small group of fishermen. In 1855, this place became the
second most important port for economy because of the place’s shipping of sugar products from
and to the neighboring Negros Island. Because of its continued rising, the place was named by
Queen Regent of Spain as “La Muy Noble Ciudad” (The Most Noble City). During the 20th century,
Iloilo City was second to Manila City when it comes to economy with stores along Calle Real
selling luxury products from all over the world. There was also an agricultural experiment station
established at La Paz in 1888, a school of arts and trades which opened in 1891, and a telephone
network system in 1894.
In 1900, the Americans reverted the city’s status into a township again. Yet because of its
continuous commercial activities and because it was an important port of call in the Visayas-
Mindanao area, it regained the cityhood status on July 16, 1937.
When the World War II broke out, Iloilo City became under the Japanese Battalions. At the end
of the war, the economy of Iloilo were badly damaged. There were also lots of casualties
recorded. By the 1960s towards 1990s the economy in the city started to move forward again
but in a slow pace. Fish ports were constructed, international seaport and other commercial firms
that invested in Iloilo also marked the movement of the city. Now, it is the regional center of the
Western Visayas.

Iloilo City has a total population of 424,619 as of 2010. Total land area reaches up to
78.34 km2 (30.25 sq mi). The people’s main language is Hiligaynon. The language is part of the
Austronesian language branch spoken in Western Visayas, It was heavily influence and based on
the Spanish language and its orthography. The Austronesian languages are a family of languages
widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members
on continental Asia. Hiligaynon is concentrated in the provinces of Iloilo and Negros Occidental
which has mixed Cebuano.
Iloilo City is located in the southern shores of Panay Island. The city faces Iloilo Strait and
Guimaras Island across it, making it a natural harbor and a safe anchorage for ships. The city lies
on a flat alluvial plain, reclaimed mostly from the swampy areas due to urbanization and
industrialization in the late 19th century until the present. Traversing the city are the rivers of
Iloilo, Batiano, Jaro and Dungon Creek. Iloilo River is an estuary that separates the districts of City
Proper, Molo and Villa Arevalo from the rest of the city. On the other hand, Jaro River is fed by
its tributary rivers, Aganan and Tigum and passes by the flood plains of the Jaro and La Paz
districts. Iloilo City is 337.6 nautical miles from Manila. The city has a total land area of 70.3 km²
and is divided into 180 barangays with seven aggregate districts.

Iloilo is historically one of the major agricultural centers of the country exporting sugar, copra,
bananas, mangoes, and other natural resources during the Spanish and American colonial
periods.
Rice is the major crop in the province of Iloilo. Fish and marine products are also considered the
main source of livelihood in districts of Iloilo, as well as Non-traditional products such as
processed food, fruits and vegetables, gifts, furniture, and others. Traditional products include
sugar, coco oil, and lime products, among others.
The strategic location of Iloilo favorably resulted in making the city the hub of trade, commerce
and industry. The place also boasts of its excellent port facilities, extensive infrastructure, modern
telecommunications system and reliable utilities. Iloilo City has a business-friendly local
government that provides incentives to business in preferred investment areas. Identified
investment areas offer attractive incentives such as income tax holidays and free issuance of
permits and licenses.
Tourist Spots
 Calle Real – this is the place where you can find the Commonwealth era architectures.
Located at the Downtown area of Iloilo.
 Museu Iloilo and Antique Collections – this museum houses the rich Iloilo’s cultural heritage.
 Sat. Barbara Golf Course – located at 16 kilometers north of Iloilo City propoer. This is a 37
hectares of golf course which is also the oldest in the country, being built in 1907.
Passi City
Passi City, though a fourth-class city in the province of Iloilo, is still the only largest component
city in the Province of Iloilo when it comes to land area, population and income.
History
Passi City was just a simple settlement of the locals living there and by the Malay migrants. When
the Spaniards came, they organized it into a pueblo. A story of its name’s origin was said that the
Spanish explorers came to ask a woman who was winnowing pounded rice. One of the Spaniards
asked her about the name of the place. Not knowing the language, she replied, “Pasi”, which
means some of the unhusked rice on her basket held in both hands. She must have thought that
the Spaniards were asking what she was doing and what was inside her basket. From that time
on, the place was called “Pasi” until it evolved to “Passi”.

The City of Passi is located south of Dumarao, southeast of Bingawan, east of Calinog, northeast
of Dueñas, north of San Enrique, and the southwest of San Rafael.
The City of Passi is centrally located on the island of Panay and can be reached by Iloilo – Capiz
highway, within 45 minutes from Iloilo City and one hour to Roxas City.
Passi City is a rice, pineapple, and sugar-rich area. Because of that, the city is named with its
slogan “The Sweet City at The heart of Panay” due to its vast pineapple plantations and annual
output in fruit production.
Tourist Spots
Famous attractions in the city are the wide pineapple plantations, the cock farms, the Baroque
Church of Saint William, the old Mascuvado Chimney, the Chameleon Butterfly Garden, the
Amorotic caves of Brgy. Magdungao, the breath-taking highway view with good sunset and the
old Railway Bridge which needs some preservation and attention spanning the Jalaur River.
Bacolod City
“The City of Smiles”
History
Bacolod was not established as a town until 1755 or 1756, after the inhabitants of the coastal
settlement of San Sebastián de Magsung̃ay, were attacked by forces under Datu Bantílan of Sulu
on July 14, 1755 and the villagers transferred from the coast to a hilly area called Bacólod.
Bernardino de los Santos became the first gobernadorcillo (English: municipal judge or governor).
The town of Bacolod was constituted as a parroquia (English: parish) in 1788 under the secular
clergy, but did not have a resident priest until 1802, as the town was served by the priest from
Bago, and later Binalbagan. By 1790, slave raids on Bacolod by Moro pirates had ceased.
In 1846, upon the request of Msgr. Romualdo Jimeno, bishop of Cebu and Negros at that
time, Gobernador General (English: Governor-General) Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa sent to Negros
a team of Recollect missionaries headed by Fr. Fernando Cuenca.A decree of 20 June 1848
by Gobernador General Clavería ordered the restructuring of Negros politically and religiously.
The following year (1849), Negros Island Gobernadorcillo Manuel Valdevieso y Morquecho
transferred the capital of the Province of Negros from Himamaylan to Bacolod and the
Augustinian Recollects were asked to assume spiritual administration of Negros, which they did
that same year. Transfer of Bacolod to the Recollects, however, took place only in
1871. Fray Mauricio Ferrero became the first Augustinian Recollect parish priest of Bacolod and
successor to the secular priest, Fr. Mariano Ávila. In 1863, a compulsory primary public school
system was set up.
In 1889, Bacolod became the capital of Occidental Negros when the Province of Negros was
politically divided into the separate provinces of Occidental Negros (Spanish: Negros Occidental)
and Oriental Negros.
In 1899, American forces occupied Bacolod and on October 19, 1938 by virtue of Commonwealth
Act No. 326, Bacolod was made a chartered city. However, on May 21, 1942 the city was also
colonized by the Japanese Forces, the independence was gained on May 29, 1945.
As of 2010, Bacolod City recorded a total population of 511,820. Nat
ives are called as Negrense, Ilonggo/Ilongga or Bacolenos. The people mainly speaks Hiligaynon
as their language. There are other who speaks English.
Bacolod City has a total land area of 162.67 km2 (62.81 sq mi), consists mainly of infrastructures
and modern buildings.

Antiques, handwoven cloth like hablon (a native developed shimmer fabric), shellcraft, ceramic
ware, woodcraft, leather goods, pottery, baskets and children’s garments are among the best
buys. Others are shellcraft, ceramic ware and woodcraft.
Tourists may visit the ANP Negros Showroom and the Central Market which features best
Negrese handicrafts and products such as houseware, decorative objects, garments, gift items
and even food delicacies, , textiles, native delicacies and fresh fruits such as rambutan,
mangosteen, guapple (hybrid guava and apple), durian, atis and golden mangoes.
And for antique furniture, heirloom pieces, and wooden images of saints and curio items, one
may visit Casa Grande Antiques shop.
Bacolod has been recommended by the Department of Science and Technology’s Information
and Communication Technology Office (ICTO) and Business Processing Association of the
Philippines (BPAP) as the best location in the Visayas for business process outsourcing activities
(BPO).
Bacolod is the Philippines’ third fastest growing economy in terms of IT-BPO growth.
Among the notable business process outsourcing companies operating in the city are Convergys,
Teleperformance, TeleTech, Transcom, Panasiatic, Focus Direct, and Telequest.
Tourist Spots
 Bacolod City Plaza Bandstand – this is the center for cultural activities of the early Bacolenos
during weekends, located at the Bacolod City Public Plaza.
 CApitol Park and Lagoon – this park is located in front of the Capitol Building where it
features sculptural work of a woman and a female water buffalo done by a French artist, as
well as a man and male buffalo which was also done by a native Negrense artist.
 The Province Capitol Building – built in 1927 and finished 1933. This building is used to be
the current seat of the Provincial Government of Occidental Negros. The building boasts its
architectural design of Neo-Roman classic style that was really quite impressive. When the
Japanese occupied the country, the building was used as the General Headquarters of the
Japanese Imperial Army.
 Negros Museum Provincial Capitol Building – this museum was opened last March 18, 1996
and now under the Negros Cultural Foundation, an NGO organization committed to
preserving the cultural and historical heritage of Negros.
 Masskara Festival – this famous festival of the city is celebrated every third weekend of
October nearest October 19, the city’s Charter Inauguration Anniversary. The dancers are
wearing colorful clothes and maskara (mask) throughout the festival. Masskara derived
from two words “mass” which means a multitude of people and cara, meaning faces, thus
forming Masskara which basically means “multitude of faces”.
Bago City
History
The earliest recorded history of Bago City dates back from the 17th century when a group of
settlers from Panay crossed the Guimaras Strait and migrated to Negros. Some of those settlers
went to the banks of Bago River, one of the largest river in Negros Island.
These settlers made the rapid growth of the community. They formed a village which capable of
establishing its own government. When the Spaniards came to the place, they petitioned them
to make the village as “pueblo” or town and name it Bago. Their petition was granted within that
same year.
Bago experienced lots of oppressions from its colonizers. However, the people still continued to
live and to fight for the desired freedom. They joined forces to free themselves from being exiled.
One of the noted leaders of the revolutionary organizations formed in Bago at that time
was General Juan A. Araneta.
Since then, Bago continued to aim for freedom and progress which were also reached when it
was declared as a city on February 19, 1966.
AS of 2010, Bago City had a total population of 163,045, all living within a land area of
401.20 km2 (154.90 sq mi).

Bago is an Agri – Industrial City, endowed with vast and long stretch of rolling plains-carpeted
with rice, sugarcane, corn, coconut, fruit trees and other high value crops.
Likewise, worthy of consideration is the world-class quality barongs made from silk thread
produced by the OlSCA-Bago Training Center-Sericulture Project and the Tumandok Crafts,
Industries Incorporated that produces export quality handicrafts made from indigenous
materials. It proves the international caliber of Bagonhon human resources and products.
As an investment center, Bago City is a model of agri- industrial development. It offers good
entrepreneurial site for the utilization of its agricultural products, dedicated and industrious
human resources, an access to sea faring crafts and a well developed road networks.
Tourist Spots
In the field of tourism, the city was awarded as the Best Tourism Oriented Local Government Unit
in Western Visayas, component city category.
 Balay ni Tan Juan – is being utilized as a museum and a home for the antiquated materials,
tools, equipment and artifacts that were used, created or crafted during the lifetime of Tan
Juan. It also houses other works of art of the ancient times. This museum becomes the usual
host for visiting tourists who want to know about the history, arts and culture of Bago City.
 Mt. Kanlaon Natural Park – this park covers an area of 24,557.60 hectares with rainforest
and verdant vegetation sliced among the cities of Bago, San Carlos, Canlaon and the
municipalities of Murcia and La Castellana.
 Rafael Salas Park and Nature Center – this park serves as the gateway to the Mt. Kanlaon
natural Park. It appeals to mountain climbers and adventure seekers because of the long and
challenging trek to the peak of Mt. Kanlaon.
 Kipot Twin Falls – Kipot Falls is located at the foot of Mt. Canlaon in barangay
Mailum, western part of Bago City.
Festivals and Celebration
 Babaylan Festival – this festival is celebrated every 19th of February. Babaylan Festival is
based on the rituals performed by the Babaylans like rituals on marriage, baptism, healing,
harvest and others. Babaylans get their healing powers from the unseen spirits.
Cadiz City
History
One can trace the history of Cadiz from the establishment of a traditional settlement in a place
known as Cadiz Viejo, near the banks of Hilaton River. According to historical records, it was on
1861 when Spaniards came and named the settlement as Cadiz because of its northern location
which reminded them of the seaport by the same name in Spain.
Cadiz became a municipality independent from Saravia (now E.B Magalona) in 1878. When the
Spanish-American War broke up, people of Cadiz took part in the insurrection.
At the onset of American rule, Cadiz was on its way to prosperity with the operation of two
lumber companies in the area. The war years brought a stop to all these economic activities and
much suffering to the people of Cadiz. The resistance movement put up the civil government in
the mountains to deal with civilian affairs.
On July 1967, Cadiz was inaugurated as a city by virtue of Republic Act No. 4894 which was passed
by Congress on June 17, 1967.
According to the 2010 population census, Cadiz City has a total population of 151,500. These
people mainly speaks Hiligaynon as their native language while there are also some who speak
Cebuano. Land area, covers a total of 524.57 km2 (202.54 sq mi). It represents 6.5% of the total
land area of the province.
Cadiz is generally used for rural community. Of all the 69,000 hectares of land area, 35,955.1728
hectares are classified as agricultural land, 16,972.446 as open grassland; 11,621 hectares as
forest; 1,028.8215 hectares as aqua-culture; 3,229.8794 hectares as built-up; and 192.6803
hectares as industrial land.
Industries that can be developed in the city include food processing especially sugar-based foods,
meat and fish processing. The manufacture of furniture, clothing and fashion accessories,
jewelry, personal care and other consumer goods are encouraged. The establishment of
commercial complexes and tourist facilities are welcomed in this city.
Tourist Spots
 Lakawon Island White Sand Beach

 Cadiz Catholic Church
Escalante City
History
Virtually nothing is known of Escalante during the pre-Hispanic era. But archaeological findings
in October 1975 and May 1976 made by a team of Anthropology students led by Professor Lionel
Chiong of Silliman University reveal early record of men who inhabited not only the present city
but also the island of Negros during the Pre-Spanish time. The findings were recovered in nine
(9) graves in what seemed to be an ancient burial ground in Brgy. Japitan, a coastal barangay
lying along the Tañon Strait, facing the island of Cebu, some 17 kilometers from the city proper.
The artifacts consists of celadon plate and bowls, stoneware bowls and jars, a Sung Dynasty (960-
1280 A.D.) jarlet, gold beads, iron implements, daggers and a hunting knife with ivory bone
handle. Obviously buried with the dead, the plate, bowls, jars and iron implements were found
alongside the skeletal remains, the daggers and hunting knife on top of the breast section, and
the gold beads inside the skulls in-between the upper and lower jaws. When carbon-14 tested,
these findings together with the human skeletal remains were found to date as far back as the
12th century A.D. All this prove that this part of the island now known as Escalante was inhabited
by settlers with a relatively developed culture who were engaged in some form of trade and
commerce with the outside world, such as the Chinese traders who could have brought the jarlet,
stoneware and celadon pieces during the Ages of Contacts and Trade with the East (11th & 12th
centuries A.D.)
Escalante City, which is mainly consist of sugarcane farms and lowland hills with a little urban
area, has a total land of 192.76 km2 (74.43 sq mi).
The city is located in the northeastern part of Negros Occidental Province in Western Visayas
Region. It is bounded on the north and west by Sagay City, on the east by the Visayan Sea and on
the south by the town of Taboso. Escalante can reached by air via Bacolod-Silay International
Airport or by sea. It has a total land area of 192.7 square kilometers and is composed of 21
barangays.
Local products of Escalante City is mainly sugar cane. These harvested sugar canes are transferred
to the nearest sugar plantations to extract the sugar from it. Sugars are also shipped to the
provinces and cities in the country. There are also rice and corn products in the city.
The city offers opportunities in food processing especially sugar-based foods, meat and fish
processing. The manufacture of furniture, clothing and fashion accessories, jewelry, personal
care and other consumer goods are encouraged. The establishment of commercial complexes
and tourist facilities are welcomed in this city.
Himamaylan City
History
It was in the middle part of 1565 when the Spaniards came and subjugated Himamaylan. Aside
from subduing the people of the settlement, it was also the desire of the Spaniards to introduce
the religion to them and the form of government they bring. They introduced the Encomiends
System by which a piece of land including its products and other resources, and its inhabitants
were granted to members of the conquering force as their puppets.
Himamaylan was founded in the 18th century and it became the second capital of Negros Island
from 1795-1849.
Because of the oppressions that the people were experiencing from the Spaniards, revolutionary
movements were created. On November 4, 1898, these revolutionary forces received orders
from Gen. Juan Araneta to disclose the Spanish Soldiers stationed in the town on November 5,
and the rest of the towns in Negros. Because of the lack of weapons, they were not able to foolow
the command. It was only on November 8, 1898 when the Deputy Commander for Southern
Negros showed a copy of the Act of Capitulation tot he Spanish Corporal, that the Spanish Soldiers
surrendered and freed the Himamaylan. Himamaylan was the last town to have been liberated
from the Spanish Government.
Himamaylan is located at the center-most cove on the coastline of Negros Island. Himamaylan
has a natural harbor characterized by deep water favorable to access by marine vessels.
Located in the center of Negros island, with Negros central to Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao,
the city is conducive to operations reaching all parts of the country and the rest of the world from
a strategic point. Most portions of the city are plains and generally have fertile soil, conducive for
agriculture. The city’s rivers are 12 feet or deeper, providing drainage for farmland.
Major economic activities are resource extractive such as farming, forestry and fishing. These are
followed by business and professional practice.
The City’s major agricultural products are sugarcane, palay and corn. Fishponds cover 496.05 has.
while the area devoted prawn production extends to about 155.97 has. The estimated average
annual fish production is at 5,850 metric tonnes. Fishponds are mostly located in Bgys. Caradio-
an and Talaban. The major fishery products include fish, talaba, greenshell, tahong and others.
Tourist Spots
 Buenavista Heroes Park – this placed shows the heroism of the Himamaylanons during the
Japanese rule.
 Acapulco Spring Resort – this is a twin swimming pool nestled along the mountains of
barangay Mahalang. The place is overlooking the view of Himamaylan. It also has a cave,
perfect to explore.
 Himaya-an Festival – this festival is celebrated every April 14-25 in honor and praise to God
for the good harvest and good life endowed to the people of Himamaylan. There are
merrymaking and street dancing along the city’s main roads.
 Bunlaw Festival – every year ( a day after), people in Himamaylan and of nearby town and
cities trooped to Batang Peninsula to celebrate this festival to refresh the body and mind,
for them to face the new year with optimism. many beach activities are lined up for
enjoyment of beach goers.
Kabankalan City
History
According to historians the first inhabitants of Kabankalan were people who came from
neighboring towns. They derived the name Kabankalan from the word “Bangkal” a species of
trees which is abundant and can be found in the place. The settlers established the Barangay
form of government, which every group has its own leader called the Capitan.
In early years, Kabankalan started as a barrio of Ilog, a neighboring town of the city today. When
Kabankalan turned into a town in 1903, its first town president was Capitan Lorenzo Zayco, but
in mid-1907 a group of rebel called “pulahan” led by Papa Isio raided the town and burned all the
houses. However, the people of Kabankalan quickly recovered and rebuilt the town from
destruction caused by the dissidents.
During the Spanish regime, the people were taught by the Spanish with their language and
introduced the Roman Catholic religion. When the American came they introduced the
democratic form of government. During this time, a lot of improvements came through to the
town and new modern techniques of farming were introduced by the Americans to the local
farmers that give them good products.
After the American regime, another invaders occupied the town of Kabankalan: the Japanese,
and during this time, a guerilla unit was formed to oppose the foreign aggression and many
people fled to the mountain to avoid the Japanese military abuse but when Americans returned
in the island, they helped the people to be freed from the Japanese.
After the World War II, the town began to move and regain the economy. The establishment of
two sugar mills in 1960’s and early 70’s give the town a boost into the list of top improving towns
of Negros.
The town of Kabankalan was declared by former president Fidel V. Ramos as a chartered city on
August 2, 1997, under Republic Act No. 8297.
With a total land area of 697.35 km2 (269.25 sq mi), Kabankalan City is inhabited by a total
population of 167,666 (2010 census).
Kabankalan occupies the central portion of the Southern Negros Island and its geographically
located at 10° north and 122° east. It is bounded on the north by the City of Himamaylan, on the
northwest by Panay Gulf, on the southwest by Municipality of Ilog and on the southeast by the
Province of Negros Oriental. It is 90 kilometers away from Bacolod City and 100 kilometers from
Dumaguete City and the Southern most town of Hinoba-an.
Tourist Spots
 City Hall with its interesting architecture

 City Plaza
 Mag-aso Falls
 Agustina Falls
 Magballo Cave
 Sinulog (Kabankalan) Festival – this festival happens every January 10-16. This is the city’s
version of Sinulog Festival of Cebu, where the participants wear colorful costumes with bare
bodies painted in black soot take to the streets to the riotous and frenzied beats of drums
celebrating the feast of El Señor Sto. Niño.
Talisay City
Tourist Spots
 The Ruins or “Don mariano Ledesma Lacson Mansion” – this is one of the latest attractions
if the city. This is actually an old mansion standing in thr middle of sugarcane plantations,
debut and other parties are normally held here due to the romantic and relaxing ambiance
of the place.
 Nature’s Village Resort – is located along the Talisay National Highway. This is a rustic,
country-style resort complete with restaurants, swimming pools, tennis court, driving range,
function rooms and hotel facilities. A children’s park, complete with bike tracks, horse back
ridding, and a playground, also include their amenities. it is an ideal home-away-from-home
setting with resort features.
 Campuestuhan – located at 21.9 kilometers away from the city proper in Barangay
Cabatangan. This place has a breathtaking view of the cities of Talisay, Bacolod and Silay.
This forest reserve is a home to many rare and endangered forest species. An exciting cable
car ride takes you across the ravine and three-hour trek will take you to the mysterious
Tinagong Dagat, a hidden lake rich with lore and history.
 Henares Garden and Resort – the resort has a spring swimming pool, and it promotes
vermiculture and grows fresh vegetables, black pepper, and different varieties of herbs and
tropical plants.
VIctorias City
Tourist Spots
 Gawahon Eco-tourism Development project – has seven natural waterfalls that nature lovers
and trekkers would love to explore. Various facilities and other infrastructure projects are
being implemented through the Gawahon Eco-tourism Development Project. There are also
two-room staff house, a one-room cottage and open shed house/ picnic cabanas.
 The Victorias Public Plaza – is surrounded by different horticultural plants, flowers and trees.
This plaza is considered as one of the tourist attractions in the city. Facilities include an
amphitheater, skating rink, SK and Senior Citizens pavilion. It has a small lagoon with man-
made waterfalls as an added attraction.
 Victorias Milling Company – this is the biggest integrated sugar mill and refinery in the world.
The more than 7,000-hectare compound is self-contained agro-industrial complex with a
world famous St. Joseph the Worker Church that features the Angry Christ Mural. Tours run
everyday except weekend and Mondays.
The city celebrates the Annual Charter Anniversary every 21st day of March and Annual Fiesta
every 26th day of April. On this occasion, the search for Lin-ay sang Victorias, street dancing
and other cultural activities are presented. Visitors from neighboring towns and cities as well as
from other provinces come to Victorias to see the beauty and culture of Victoriahanons.
Central Visayas
Designated as Region VII, is a region of the Philippines located in the central part of the Visayas
island group. It consists of four provinces—Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor— and the
highly urbanized cities of Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu City, and Mandaue City. The region is dominated
by the native speakers of Cebuano. Cebu City is its regional center.
There are, as of now, 16 cities that complete the Central Visayas Region; these are:
1. Tagbilaran City- “The City of Friendship”

2. Bogo City
3. Carcar City
4. Cebu City – ‘’The Queen City of the South’’
5. Danao City
6. Lapu-Lapu City
7. Mandaue City – ‘’The Furniture Capital of the Philippines’’
8. Naga City
9. Talisay City
10. Bais City
11. Bayawan City
12. Canlaon City
13. Dumaguete City –The City of Gentle People’’
14. Guihulngan City
15. Tanjay City
16. Toledo City
Eastern Visayas or Region VIII
Is one of the two regions of the Philippines having no land border with another region,
MIMAROPA being the other. It is composed of two main islands, Leyte and Samar, connected by
the famous San Juanico Bridge. It consists of six provinces namely, Biliran, Eastern Samar, Leyte,
Northern Samar, Samar, Southern Leyte.
Eastern Visayas directly faces the Pacific Ocean. The land area of the region is 2,156,285 hectares.
As of 2010, it has a population of 3,912,936.
There are 7 cities that helps the economy of the region grow stronger; these are:
1. Borongan City
2. Baybay City
3. Ormoc City
4. Tacloban City
5. Calbayog City
6. Catbalogan City
7. Maasin City
Borongan City
Borongan City has a wet market that sells foodstuffs like rice and corn, grains, dried and fresh
fish. These products are mainly from the city itself and from the nearby towns. There are also
pork, beef, chicken, preserved meats, vegetables, fruits, condiments and spices, root crops,
native cakes and others.
The place also sells locally-made and beautiful native basketware. It also has the largest and the
only shopping mall in Eastern Samar. It opened in 2005 for business operations and is located
along the national highway in Brgy. Songco at the northern fringe of the city. Appliance stores,
mini-groceries and ‘sari-sari’ stores also abound throughout the length and breadth of the city
selling items ranging from basic necessities to supplies for recreational and entertainment
activities. Several hardware stores also operate catering to the needs of the city’s construction
industry. The city has numerous restaurants and eateries offering local cuisine randomly located
throughout the city limits while nightspots can be found mostly along the length of Baybay Blvd.
at the eastern edge of the city immediately abutting the shoreline of Borongan Bay. Major and
new oil companies have their own oil refueling stations within the city limits selling engine
lubricants, kerosene as well as regular, unleaded and premium gasoline and diesel fuels.
Borongan’s main product is copra. It has lively commercial activity throughout the year not only
catering to the needs of the local city populace but serving as well as the central business hub of
the entire province of Eastern Samar. Many families rely on coastal and deep-sea fishing as well
as lowland and upland farming as means of livelihood.
Tourist Spots
Borongan City has many of the Philippines’ most wonderful natural attractions from resorts to
beautiful white- as well as black-sand beaches. Its pristine and undisturbed forests contain
spectacular streams, river rapids, waterfalls and caves so very sought after by nature lovers,
trekkers and spelunkers – locals and foreign visitors alike. Many more of its scenic spots can be
found by those who have the time and the energy to search for them within the vast, idyllic
territorial expanse of the city.
Baybay Leyte

Generally an agricultural city, the common means of livelihood are farming and fishing. Some are
engaged in hunting and in forestal activities. The most common crops grown are rice, corn, abaca,
root crops, fruits, and vegetables. Various cottage industries can also be found in Baybay such as
bamboo and rattan craft, ceramics, dress-making, fiber craft, food preservation, mat weaving,
metal craft, Philippine furniture manufacturing and other related activities.
Tourist Spots
 Jungle Valley Park
 Bakwitan Falls
 Binaybayon Festival – celebrated every 27th day of December, this serves as the city’s
festival. This is being hel for the honor of their Patroness, Our Lady of Immaculate
Conception. This festival also shows the rich history of the city and the main livelihood.
 Halaran Festival – celebrated every October in honor for the Holy Rosary. Also shows the
history of Brgy. Rosario.
 Sirong Festival – celebrated by Brgy. Pomponan every 13th day of June for Saint Anthony
Padua. The history of the place is shown in this festival.
Ormoc City
Tourist Spots
 Leyte Golf and Country Club – this golf course is surrounded by mountains and rolling hills.
This golfing resort covers 80 hectares of terrain situated on a plateu with plams, coconut,
fruit-bearing trees and flowering shrubs. This is located just 7 kilometers aways from Ormoc
City.
 Pineapple Plantation – the city is famous for its pineapples with a distinct sweetness. This is
a 210 hectares, located in the north of Hibunayon and Kananga communities. Visitors usually
buy bundles of this famous product as ‘pasalubong’ or gifts to their loved ones and friends.
 Tongonan Hot Springs National Park – the geothermal power plant which supplies electricity
to the whole region is located in this valley. Recreational activities are provided for the
visitors such as boating, swimming, camping, trekking, biking, picnic and scientific studies.
 Buyogan Festival – this is celebrated every August. Main attractions include the colorful
costumes worn by the residents of Buyogan, a small town in Ormoc. This festival is named
from buyog or bees, which is also the center of this event. Dance competitions are part of
this festivals wherein the participants used to imitate the movement of the bees.
 Sunduan ha Carigana – this is celebrated every Holy Week, where the main event is during
the Eastern Sunday. The focus of this event is to commemorate the resurrection of Jesus
Christ. Recreational activities are conducted. At least one member of family of the locals are
invited to join the recreational activities provided. Tourist are also much welcomed to join.
Tacloban City
Tacloban is the economic center of Eastern Visayas region, with an economy largely focused on
commerce, tourism, education, culture, and government in the region. Several regoinal
broadcasters are based in the city, including ABS-CBN.
Tacloban City is the largest urban center in Eastern Visayas. As such, the city is perfect for
investment opportunities to mass housing projects, food establishments, fish canning and
processing, furniture making, financial services and technology-related businesses.
Tourist Spots
 San Juanico Park Golf and Country Club – this is an 18-hole course located at 10 kilometers
north of Tacloban.
 Balyu-an Amphitheater – this amphitheater is located along the shores of Cancabato Bay.
Various musical, cultural, social and religious performances and gatherings are usually held
here.
 Sto. Niño Shrine and Heritage Museum – is a showcase of Filipino ingenuity. Displayed are
collections of art objects, priceless furnitures, fine procelain and ivory sculptures from within
the country and abroad.
 Calvary Hill – placed in this hill is the larger-than-life statues of Jesus Christ and other
personages, in tableaux, depicting the Christ’s sacrifice and sufferings. From the hill, a view
of the whole city can be seen.
 San Juanico Bridge – this is an S-shaped span of bridge connecting the islands of Leyte and
Samar. This bridge expands up to 2.16 kilometers.
 Sangyaw Festival – is a religious and socio-cultural event in the Philippines. It was revived in
2008 by the city government of Tacloban, Philippines. Sangyaw means “to herald news” in
Waray language. Various festival-participants from different parts of the country participate
in this tribal procession.
 Pintados-Kasadyaan Festival – The Pintados-Kasadyaan Festival is a merry-making event
lasting a whole month, highlights of which include the Leyte Kasadyaan Festival of Festivals,
the 17th Pintados Festival Ritual Dance Presentation and the “Pagrayhak” Grand Parade.
Calbayog City
Agriculture is the main economic activity in the city, aside from the wholesale and retail trading
which are mostly concentrated in the center of the city. Main agriculture products includes abaca,
rice, corn, root crops, vegetables, livestock and poultry. Fishing is also the source of livelihood for
those living near the coastal areas. There is a ten hectare mari-culture park which is now a major
employer and producer of fish products.
The city offers opportunities in agribusiness and food processing especially sweets, meat and fish
processing. Producing items from abaca and coconut is a priority. The manufacture of furniture,
clothing and fashion accessories, jewelry, personal care and other consumer goods are
encouraged. The establishment of commercial complexes and tourist facilities are welcomed in
this city.
Tourist Spots
 Saints Peter and paul Cathedral – this cathedral as constructed in 1800s and is now the
central church of the Diocese of Calbayog. This is also considered as the biggest church in
Samar. The structure reveals some of the old structures of the Spanish architecture. The old
dome, the spire and the thick walls are some of the old structures that can be found in the
church.
 Handumanan Museum – used formerly as a jail but was renovated with a 2-storey 19th
century Filipino building look. This museum houses much of the city’s history. This is also the
regular host of art exhibits in the city.
 Guinogo-an Cave – its large entrance leads to a natural tunnel with an uneven ceiling, some
portions touching one’s head giving him an eerie trip through the dark, cool interior.
 Mapaso Hot Spring – “Mapaso” means hot. This hot spring is abundant in crustaceans
(pokot). They are naturally pinkish resembling scaled shrimps due to the high temperature.
 Tabokno Falls – this is a beautiful scenic falls is a wonderful picnic site of local residents and
their source of potable water.
 Pan-as Falls – more than a beauty spot, this falls is the primary source of water for its
residents. At places where the cataract is so high, the water falling into the pool becomes a
mere mist.
 Ton-ok Falls – a scenic waterfalls hidden in lush tropical vegetation. Nature has places it out
of easy reach to preserve its beauty. This is also the source of hydroelectric power.
 Sarakiki-Hadang Festival (September 1 to 8) – this is a festival shows the merriment in the

evening before awedding ceremony, which redound to one of the most well-liked tradition,
the so called pamalaye or pamamanhikan.
 Karakol (either on January 27 or every last Sunday of October) – this is a less popular but a
more traditional celebration of the folks from Brgy. Matobato about merry dancing at the
shortes bearing the image of Nuestra Señora de Porta Vaga, more popularly known as
“Soleda”.
Catbalogan City
Catbalogan’s economy is agricultural although wholesale and retail trading dominate the
economic activities in the poblacion. Rice, coconut, abaca, rootcrops and vegetables are the main
farm outputs. Fishing is an important industry in the coastal barangays. Aside from fish, other
marine products include seaweed, mollusk, oyster, crabs and shells. Fishing areas are mostly
concentrated within Maqueda bay and Samar Sea.
The city offers opportunities in food processing especially meat and fish processing. The
manufacture of furniture, clothing and fashion accessories, jewelry, personal care and other
consumer goods are encouraged. The establishment of commercial complexes and tourist
facilities are welcomed in this city.
Tourist Spots
 Pieta Park – is located to St. Bartholomew Church and St. Mary’s College of Catbalogan. It
has a memorial honoring Catbaloganons and more than four thousand others who perished
in the December 1987 tragic collision of the passenger ship MV Doña Paz and the oil tanker
MT Vector. Historians describe the Doña Paz tragedy not only as the world’s worst ferry
disaster but also the worst peace-time maritime disaster in history.
 The Obelisk – is located at the heart of Catbalogan City’s Samar Provincial Capitol Park. It
depicts four major events in the history of Samar: the 1901 Balangiga Encounter that saw
local revolutionaries inflicting the “worst single defeat” of the Americans during the
Philippine-American War (1899-1902), the 1649 Agustin Sumoroy Rebellion in Palapag
against the Spaniards, the October 15, 1596 arrival of the first Jesuit missionaries to Samar,
and Queen Isabella II of Spain carrying a Royal Decree of August 11, 1841 declaring Samar as
an independent province.
 Burii Baras Cove Beach resort – located on Buri Island, it is 12 km from the city proper. The
beach has a long stretch and is ideal for swimming and diving.
The Manaragat Festival – held during the annual August month-long Fiesta celebration (August
1–31), the Manaragat Festival is a tribute to the fishermen of Catbalogan City. Local fishermen
share their catch of fish and other marine products which they trade in the market. The
Manaragat is a festive dance characterized by varied movements and intricate steps of the
different species of fish and sea shells inhabiting Maqueda Bay and beautifully presented by
dancers in exotic and colorful costumes. The Manaragat Festival of Catbalogan City honors its
Patron Saint, St. Bartholomew, every 24 August. St. Bartholomew, the miraculous Saint, is
believed by the local folks to have maintained the richness of Maqueda Bay as the major fishing
ground of the province of Samar.
Kaadlawan Han Samar (Samar Day) – is celebrated every August 11. It marks the celebration of
Samar’s Foundation Day. The festival is participated by the province’s two cities and twenty-five
municipalities and includes cultural dance competitions, Mutya Han Samar Pilipinas (Miss Samar
Philippines) beauty pageant, agro-fisheries trade fair and civic-military parade.
Maasin City
One of the oldest towns in Southern Leyte is Maasin, nowadays called Maasin City.
Tourist Spots
 Maasin Cathedral – this church was built in the 1 7th century. This is probably not only the
biggest but also the oldest church in Maasin City. It is a diocesan seat since 1968. It shares
its history with Don Anatalio Gaviola Plaza which is dedicated to a former mayor of Maasin.
It is still one of the highly recommended stumping points for tourists as well as for locals.
 The Guinsohotan Cave – is a large subterranean cave, 15 km from the city center and 276
meters above sea level. Those who enter the cave by wadding or swimming can find small
“in-cave” waterfalls, bats, and impressive rock formations. The water coming out of
Guinsuhotan Cave flows down in cascades forming a natural lagoon.
 Abiera Museo d’Art – shows rare collections of artifacts, antiques, paintings, preserved
animals, coins, gems, and other historical relics. Although it is privately owned by the Abiera
Family, it can be visited by interested ones. It is located at Barangay Tunga-tunga in the heart
of the city.
Zamboanga Peninsula
Is a peninsula and an administrative region in the Philippines. Designated as Region IX, the region
consists of three provinces, namely, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga
Sibugay. The region was previously known as Western Mindanao before the enactment of
Executive Order No. 36 on September 19, 2001. Pagadian City is the regional center.
The cities that make up the Zamboanga Peninsula Region, also known as Region 9, are:
1. Isabela City
2. Dapitan City
3. Dipolog City
4. Pagadian City
5. Zamboanga City
Isabela City
Isabela City is a 4th class city and the capital of the province of Basilan, Philippines. The city is
located on the northern shore of Basila. Across the Basilan Strait to the north is Zamboanga City.
Tourist Spots
 Kaumpurnah Mosque – historic seat of Islamic faith and teaching in Basilan, can be seen as
you enter the Isabela Channel
 Alano White Beach Resort – located on the northern part of scenic Malamawi Island,
features white sand beaches, day cottages and basic amenities for a day of fun with family
and friends
 Barandino Farm – located on the eastern part of city, it is 12 kilometers from the main city
and has hectares coconut and fruit trees
 Cabunbata Falls – a natural watering hole for the environmentally conscious and the eco-
friendly traveler.
 Cathedral of Santa Isabel de Portugal – it is a seat of the Diocese of Basilan and Prelature of
Isabela, In 1960s this was design as a mod-art style with a distinctively Classical Roman
mosaic for an altar wall.
Dapitan City
Dapitan’s economy is basically anchored on farming, fishing and tourism. Coconut is the main
farm product. Fishing is greatly supported with the fish port in Taguilon District. With the opening
of Pulauan Port to RO-Ro Service, tourist arrivals has greatly increased.
Being the main gateway to Mindanao using the western nautical highway and considering raw
materials available, the following industries or businesses are recommended:
 Hotels and resorts

 Industrial estate and commercial complexes
 Cold storage facilities especially for the fishing industry
 Organic products such as fertilizer and high value commercial crops
 Cut flower and ornamental plants
 Rubber processing – Zamboanga peninsula is a major rubber producer
 Halal foods for export
 seaweed processing – nearby Sulu and Tawi-Tawi are known seaweed producing provinces
 Oleochemical products – an offshoot of the coconut industry
 Consumer goods such as processed foods, apparel, fashion accessories using native designs
 jewelry especially pearls
Tourist Spots
 Rizal Shrine – this is considered as a major historical landmark in Dapitan and of the
Philippine archipelago where hundreds of visitors come and see for themselves the beauty
of this 16-hectare sanctuary. This was acquired by Dr. Jose Rizal by purchase during his exile
and built several structures like the Casa Cuadrada, Casa Relonda, CAsa Redonda Pequena,
CAsitas Hospitales, Aquaduct, Mi Retiro Rock, Amphitheater and the Rizalina.
 Ilahan Hill – is where Fort de Daptan was strategically constructed on its top by the Spanish
Government as a military fortress in order to protect and guard thriving settlements from
foreign attacks. At the top of the Ilihan Hill and Foot Trail at Talisay City Square, tourists will
be amazed gazing the panoramic view of Dapitan.
 Sta. Cruz Beach – was put as a symbol of Christianity when Jesuit priest F. Pascual Acuna
arrived in Dapitan in 1607 and baptized the natives. This is also the place where Rizal first
set his foot in Dapitan. The Sta. Cruz Beach is part of a clean stretch of beaches of the famous
Dapitan Bay also known as the Sunset Boulevard nestled on the northern section of the
poblacion.
 Kinabayo Festival – which is celebrated every July 25 in the city portrays a mysterious and
colorful pageant re-enacting the Spanish-Moorish Wars, mainly the Battle of Covadonga
where the Spanish forces under GEneral Pelagio took their stand against Saracan. They were
able to overturn the tide through the miraculous spirit of St. James. The addition of local
color and modernism has made this annual celebration a popular attraction which brings
thousands of tourists to the Dapitan City.
Pagadian City

Pagadian City products are seaweeds, coco processing, cassava; manufacture of furnitures and
decors made out of wood, bamboo, rattan, steel and plastic; handicrafts made out of bamboo,
rattan, coco shell, wood, marine shell, ceramics, and weaving.
Tourist Spots
 Bomba Beach – this is a 2 kilometer away from the city proper with the ambiance offering a
perfect spot for fishing and swimming. Coral reefs can also be found here.
 Lourder Waterfalls – this is just 32 kilometers away from the city proper. The place is always
visited by the tourists.
 Manga Falls – this is a two layered cascading falls surrounded by huge trees and a home to
white monkeys.
Zamboangga City

Zamboanga is noted as the Sardines Capital of the Philippinesbecause 8 out of 11 sardines
companies in the country are operating in the city. The canning factories are converged in the
west coast of Zamboanga. Sardine fishing and processing account for about 70 percent of the
city’s economy. Situated at the western tip of the Mindanao mainland, Zamboanga is a natural
docking point for vessels traversing the rich fishing grounds of the Zamboanga peninsula and the
Sulu archipelago. Zamboanga’s eight canneries, which employ around 15,000 workers, process
1,000 tonnes of sardines daily.
Tourist Spots
Numerous landmarks in Zamboanga include Fort Pilar, Great Santa Cruz Island, Metropolitan
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Pasonanca Park, Paseo del Mar, Pettit Barracks, and
Zamboanga Golf and Country Club.
The Día de Zamboanga (Day of Zamboanga) is celebrated every February 26, the day when
Zamboanga was declared as a chartered city under the Commonwealth Government in 1937. The
Hermosa Festival, a month-long festival held every October, is celebrated in honor of the
miraculous image of Our Lady of the Pillar, the patroness of Zamboanga City.
Northern Mindanao
Is a region of the Philippines, composed of five provinces and two cities classified as highly-
urbanized, all occupying the north-central part of Mindanao island, and the island-province of
Camiguin. The regional center is Cagayan de Oro City. Lanao del Norte was transferred to
Northern Mindanao from Region XII (then called Central Mindanao) by virtue of Executive Order
No. 36.
There are 9 cities that occupy the Region 10 area, these are:
1. Malaybalay City
2. Valencia City
3. Iligan City
4. Oroquieta City
5. Ozamiz City
6. Tangub City
7. Cagayan de Oro City
8. El Salvador City
9. Gingoog City
Malaybalay
“South Summer Capital of the Philippines”
Major industries in Malaybalay are agri-based such as poultry and piggeries. Big corporations can
also be found here such as San Miguel, Purefoods, Monterey, Swift, Asian Hybrid Philippines
(feeds processing), Rubbertex (rubber shoes manufacturing), and Monastery Farms (peanuts and
other preserved foods). Cattle ranches can also be found here.
Tourist Spots
 Mt. Capistrano – this mountain served as the evacuation area during the World War II. Now
it is characterized by its unique rock formations and challenging caves.
 Kaamulan Grounds – located at Brgy. 1, Kaamulan Grounds. This place is serving as an activity
area, place of refuge, picnic and other outdoor activities. Pine trees are around the park. The
Folk Arts Theater where some provincial activities and events are held, is also found here.
 Bukidnon Forest Inc., (BFI) Industrial Tree Plantation – This 39,000-hectare reforestation
project (21,000 hectares of which are plantable) demonstrates the compatibility of nature
with economic objectives. Funded with the assistance of the New Zealand government
under the auspices of DENR, the project has been operational since 1990. The City of
Malaybalay and the municipalities of Impasugong, Manolo Fortich and Malitbog are the
areas covered by the plantation. Its 5-hectare nursery is capable of producing 5.2 million
fast-growing seedlings every year.
 Bird Watch Tower – this tower can be found in Barangay Dalwangan. Variety of birds, some
of which are already endangered, can be found here.
 Mount Katinglad – very ideal for mountain climbing. The mountain is said to be the 2nd
highest peak in the Philippines with 9,636 feet above sea level. The place is also a national
park and serves as the protected habitat for the endangered Philippine eagle.
Valencia City
“The City of Golden Harvest”
Farming is the main economic activity in the city of Valencia. Rice, corn, banana, root crops, and
vegatables are the main farm products. Wholesale and retail are the dominant commercial
establishment in the city center. Cottage industries produce wood articles, processed food, and
handicrafts.
Valencia City is the center of trade and commerce in Bukidnon because of its central location in
the heart of Mindanao, and of its fast economic growth. The city is noted for its Valencia Rice, a
variety of rice.
Tourist Attraction
 Lake Apo – a crater lake in Barangay Guinoyoran, located at the hilly area, about 640 meters
(2,100 ft.) in elevation, about 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) west southwest of the Barangay
Poblacion, the city proper. The lake was awarded as the cleanest inland body of water in
Northern Mindanao Region late 1990s. The green body of water has a estimated area of 24
hectares (59 acres) with maximum depths reaching up to 26 m (85 ft.).
 Kasanayan Cave – located six kilometers from Sition Tungan-tungan, Barangay San Vicente.
The cave has several huge stalactites and are found 400 meters deep from the cave’s mouth.
The cave also has a river inside it.
Iligan City
“Industrial City of the South” and “City of Majestic Waterfalls”
Iligan City is considered as the Industrial Center of the South as it produces hydroelectric power
using the Maria Cristina Falls for the whole Mindanao region through the National Power
Corporation (NAPOCOR). It also houses industries like steel, tinplate, cement and flour mills. The
National Steel Corporation, one of the largest steel manufacturers in the Southeast Asian region,
now Global Steelworks International Incorporated was re-opened in 2003.
Tourist Spots
Known to be the City of Iligan Majestic Waterfalls, Iligan City has 23 waterfalls surrounding it. The
most famous is the Maria Cristina Falls which is the main source for hydroelectric power in the
whole Mindanao region. Other famous falls good for vacationers are the Tinago Falls, accessible
through a 300-step staircase; Mimbalut Falls; Abaga Falls; Dodiongan Falls; and Timoga Springs.
 Diyandi Festival – this monthlong celebration is usually held every the 29th day in the month
of September. This festival is for the honor of their patron saint Miguel de Archangel whom
they regard as the protector from evil.
Ozamiz City
“Pilgrimage Destination”
Tourist Spots
 Naomi’s Botanical Garden and Tourism Inn – this garden is situated on a 12 hectare property
of local and imported tropical flowers, plants and fruit seedlings. There are fully air-
conditioned private rooms, a function halls, tennis court, golf range, ceramics factory,
pottery and a bakery inside.
 Mt. Malindang Golf and Country Club – before, this golf club was used as a prewar army
facility.
The feast of Our Lady of Triumph at Cotta Shrine is celebrated every July 16 which is also the
Charter City anniversary. Subayan Keg Subanon festival is also held on the same day. The Cotta
entertainment area has free live band concerts and other musical variety shows each weekend.
Fireworks displays are held at Cotta during Fiesta and holidays. It can be seen across Panguil bay
as far as Lanao del Norte.
The feast of Immaculate Conception is celebrated every December 8 while every 4th Sunday of
January is the Sr. Sto. Niño Fluvial Parade held at Panguil Bay. Balanghoy Festival is held annually
at Cotta area.
Tangub City
“Christmas Symbols Capital of Mindanao”
Tourist Spots
Tangub City was nicknamed as the “Christmas Symbols Capital of Mindanao”, as many visitors
prepare lots of activities and Christmas decorations and lanterns are being made and displayed
in the city plaza, highways, barangays as part of competition. Other worth visiting destinations in
Tangub City are:
 Hoyohoy Highland Park – here every tourist can see the panoramic views of Panquil Bay and
the surrounding cities and towns of the city.
 Memorial Hill – this is a small hill located inside the prison reservation compound. This hill
has a World War II Vintage Japanese canon. It is also a burial site of Eriberto Misa, the famous
Prison’s Director from years 1937 to 1949.
 Dalit Cultural Festival –This is celebrated every February 28 in lieu of the City Charter
Anniversary day. Various activities are highlighted on this day, such as serenade or
“mañanita”, colorful public parade, and ethnic dances. “Dalit” means to offer and the festival
is opened with the offering of a live goat killed by the wildlife hunters after the blessings of
the tribal head are made. Selected beauties dressed in their ethnic costumes are also being
offered as a modern version of the festival. This is a revival of the old tribal custom of
expressing thanks for peace, a bountiful and all the blessings bestowed by God.
 Harvest Festival –This festival showcases various agricultural products for selling and
promotion. The festival is a venue to promote the agri-tourism program of the city, creating
business-matching opportunities for the people of Tangub City.
Cagayan De Oro City
“The New Adventure Capital of the Philippines”
Cagayan de Oro is famous for its hams (Jamon de Cagayan). Chicharon or pork rind is becoming
a popular snack along with local meat products like beef jerky. Cashew nuts from Lumbia district
are also abundant in the city.
Tourist Spots
 Museo de Oro – located within the campus of Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, where
exhibits of the artifacts dug from Huluga Cave and repertoire of Bukidnon and Maranao
cultures which have survived the ravages of time.
 Monigue Cave – located at Barangay Mambuaya. This cave has a flowing water from
underground which serves as the entrance in the cave. It only has a small opening and a
narrow passage so all who desires to come inside it should submerge themselves in the
water in order to enter. Inside, the cave will offer its visitors a beautifu; sparkling formations
of Calcites. There are also other formations such as flowstone, gurpool-resembling terraces,
transparent crystals and picturesque speleothems such as cathedral drapes and icons.
 Palalan Falls – is surrounded by boulders and stones dubbed by the city as “oro” stone similar
in characteristics with the Mangima stone.
 Mapawa Nature Park – is for horseback riding, biking, zipline and nature trekking adventures.
 Cagayan de Oro River – is one of the rivers draining the northern central part of the island
of Mindanao in the Philippines. The river has its headwaters in the Kalatungan Mountain
Range found in the central part of the province of Bukidnon. It traverses the Municipalities
of Talakag, Baungon and Libona, picking up tributaries along the way. It finally empties into
the Macajalar Bay at Cagayan de Oro City in the Province of Misamis Oriental.
Davao Region
Designated as Region XI, is one of the regions of the Philippines, located on the southeastern
portion of Mindanao. Davao Region consists of four provinces, namely: Compostela Valley, Davao
del Norte, Davao Oriental, and Davao del Sur. The region encloses the Davao Gulf and its regional
center is Davao City. Davao is the Hispanicized pronunciation of daba-daba, the Bagobo word for
“fire” (the Cebuano translation is “kalayo“).
Davao Region has six (6) cities, namely:
 1. Panabo City -- “Banana Capital of the Philippines”

 2. Samal City- “Island Garden City”
 3. Tagum City - “Music Capital of Mindanao”
 4. Davao City- “Durian Capital of the Philippines”
 5. Digos City- “City of Sweet Mangoes”
 6. Mati City -“The Coconut Capital
SOCCSKSARGEN is a region of the Philippines, located in central Mindanao, and is officially
designated as Region XII.
The name is an acronym that stands for the region’s four provinces and one of its cities: South
Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani and General Santos City. The region is more
formally known by its older name Central Mindanao. The regional center is Koronadal City located
in the province of South Cotabato. Cotabato City, though geographically within the boundaries
of the province of Maguindanao, itself is part of SOCCSKSARGEN, and is independent of that
province. Maguindanao province is, in fact, a part of the Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM) which has its seat in Cotabato City. SOCCSKSARGEN and the province of
Maguindanao were once part of the original Cotabato province.
The region has five (5) cities, namely:
1. Kidapawan City
2. Cotabato City
3. General Santos City – Tuna capitalof the Philippines
4. Koronadal City
5. Tacurong City
Kindawapan City
The City of Fruits and Highland Springs
Tourist Spots
 Mt. Apo – the tallest mountain in the Philippines with a total height of 10,311 feet above sea
level. This mountain serves is where the Philippine eagle can be found. There are also moss-
covered century-old-trees, captivating flora and fauna, sulfur craters, and massive boulders
in the mountain.
 Lake Venado – this falls stands at an elevation of 7,200 feet above sea level. It has a crystal
clear water where the Mt. Apo can be seen.
 Lake Agko – it has a hot and cold springs. It stands at an elevation of 4,200 feet above sea
level.
 The Marbel Falls – is a hidden twin falls of about 60 to 70 feet in height, is surrounded by
hot springs.
 Mawig Falls – is located in Barangay Balabag, is the source of the crystal-clear waters of
Matingao River.
Cotabato City
“Stone Fortress of Mindanao”
Tourist Spots
 Rio Grande de Mindanao – this is the largest river in the Philippines and the longest in the
whole Mindanao region. With the estimated long of 182 kilometers and 96 meters wide, this
river is crisscrossing the whole area of the city. This river is good for water sports and boat
racing.
 Kutang Bato Caves – this is the only cave in the country that is right in the heart of the city.
It has various entrances are all within the roads.
 Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Masjid – this is the largest mosque in the Philippines.

 Shariff Kabunsuan Festival – this festival is celebrated every December 15-19, which is
celebrated in honor of Shariff Mohammad Kabunsuan, an Arab missionary from Johore who
planted the seed of Islam in Central Mindanao. On this event, certain presentations are
performed such as dances. There are also many recreational activities and sports. Highlights
in this festival are Dance Parade, Banca Race and the re-enactment of Shariff’s arrival.
 Araw ng Kutabato (Cotabato Day) – celebrated every June 12-25, this is the biggest
celebration in all of the city’s festivals. This festival is held to commemorate the city;s charter
day.
Caraga
Is an administrative region of the Philippines, on the northeastern portion of the island of

Mindanao, also called Region XIII. The Caraga Region was created through the Republic Act No.
7901 on February 23, 1995. The region is composes of five provinces: Agusan del Norte, Agusan
del Sur, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur and Dinagat Islands. It also has six cities:
1. Butuan City
2. Cabadbaran City
3. Bayugan City
4. Surigao City
5. Bislig City
6. Tandag City
Butuan City
“Timber City of the South”
The city is known for its lugging services, which earned the city a nickname “Timber City of the
South”. This industry helped the city be a highly urbanized city. One major factor for the
continuous growth of the trees in the city is the Agusan River.
The city also take pride of their delicacy called “Palagsing”. It is made from lumbiya (Metroxylon
sagu Rottb.) where Unaw or lumbiya starch is harvested from the palm tree. Another popular
ingredient is young coconut meat taken from coconut trees. The unawyoung coconut and brown
sugar are mixed then it is wrapped in a banana leaves and boiled for 30 minutes. The outcome is
a soft, chewy and delicious palagsing.
Tourist Spots
 Balangay Shrine Museum – this museum displays a 1,678-year old graveyard and other
ancient materials discovered in the city.
 Butuan National Museum – a repository of historical and cultural materials and artifacts of
Butuan’s prehistory times. There are two exhibit galleries: the Archaeological Hall with stone
crafts, metal crafts, wood crafts, potteries, materials for goldsmiths making, burial coffins
and other archaeological diggings, while Ethnological Hall exhibits contemporary cultural
materials used for living by Butuanon people.
 Mt. Mayapay – this mountain plateau is 2,214 feet above the sea level. This mountain was
named from the ancient Madjapahit Empire.
Bayugan City
“The City of Rice, Corn and Flowers”
Bayugan City, also called as the province’s “cutflower capital” is conducive to high yield cutflower.
The city is also one of the major producers of rice, and vegetables in the whole province. Year
2008, the city had a total financial resources of PHP 405,151,000. And in the same year, the city’s
Internal Revenue Allotment amounted to PHP 385,000,000.
There are lots of institutions in the city that can be a great source for business. Form financial
sectors to shopping centers and restaurants, Bayugan City is a great source for business in the
south.
Tourist Spots
 Green Haven Adventure Farm – facilities include: 2 swimming pools, a three-point zipline,
mini zoo, mini forest for trekking and hiking, garden and covered hall venue, and a
restaurant.
 Pinagalaan Falls – the tallest and biggest falls in the city and known to be the most beautiful
place in the province.
 Mangrove Base Park – has airsoft gamesite, picnic sheds, trekking and hiking venue and bar.
Bislig City
“The Booming City by the Bay”
 Karawasan Festival – this is celebrated as part of the Charter Day Celebration of the city.
Karawasan is a fetival of ethnic dances depicting the movement of crabs.
Tourist Spots
Bislig’s main tourist attraction is the Tinuy-an Falls, known as the “Niagara Falls” of the
Philippines. It is a white water curtain that flows in three levels about 55 meters high. Its critically
acclaimed majestic and unique natural formation was once appeared in the International Travel
Magazine. It is also known as the widest waterfalls in the Philippines.
Other known tourist attractions include the white-sand beaches of Hagonoy Island; the Lawigan
Beach which faces and considered as part of Pacific Ocean; the underground river of the
educational Delot and Hinayagan Cave; the Togonan Cold Spring which is a 30-minute ride from
the city proper; the wild sanctuary of the Forester’s Park; the wide range water of the Mone River
or the man-made Lake 77 which offers a boat ride tour and a floating cottage for picnic and
fishing; the Kamayo Heritage Park; the Florland Highland Resort at Brgy. San Vicente; the Ocean
View Park; International Doll House; and the City Baywalk Park.
Siarga,Surigao del Norte
Siargao is an island of nine municipalities in the province of Surigao del Norte. Known as the
“Surfing Capital of the Philippines”, Siargao is mainly responsible for introducing surfing to the
country. Apart from surfing, Siargao is also open to other activities such as cave explorations and
rock climbing.
The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
Is composed by the provinces such as Abra, Apayao, Bengeut, Ifugao, Kalinga, and Mountain
Province, as well as Baguio City, as the regional center. The region encompasses most of the areas
within the Cordillera Central mountains of Luzon, the largest mountain range in the country. It is
the country’s only land-locked region. It is also the home for the numerous tribes collectively
called the Igorot.
The cities that are in the CAR Region are:
 Baguio City
 Tabuk City
Baguio City
‘’The Summer Capital of the Philippines’’
Vegetables are among the products which Baguio City is proud of. This is because a myriad of
plants and fresh vegetables such as cabbages easily grow in the mild climate of the city. Aside
from these, various flowers also grow in the city such as different varieties of roses, sunflowers,
hydrangea, bromeliad, marigolds, impatiens, Christmas cactus and poinsettas.
Food items like peanut brittle, choco flakes, lengua and strawberry and ube jams also rank among
the favorites of the tourists here. These products are very affordable, ranging from 50 pesos to
200 pesos.
Tourist Spots
Baguio Flower Festival

Tourism is one of Baguio City’s main industry. That was because of its weather and history. The
population of the city doubled every holidays and summer vacations. Main attraction in the city
includes the Panagbenga Festival which attracts both locals and foreign visitors. To accommodate
these tourists, there are more than 80 hotels and inns available.
Last 2011, Baguio City was awarded by the TripAdvisor as one of the Traveler’s Choice Destination
in Asia.
Other tourist attractions in Baguio City are:
 Burnham Park – located at the central part of the city which has a boating lake. There are
also markets in the park, during Bank holidays, that sell all kinds of locally made products
including wood carving, leather belts, T-shirts and bags.
 Strawberry Farm – located at La Trinidad, it would take you for about 30 minutes of ride.
Everyone is allowed to pick strawberry, but you have to pay for them in kilos. Outside the
farm, are local sellers that sell souvenir items like strawberry key chain, strawberry bags,
hats and many more. There are also some who sell strawberry taho and strawberry ice
cream.
 Mines View Park – called as such as it overlooks the old gold mines of Baguio wherein 25%
of the UK Gold came from it. It has its own visiting center with small cafeteria inside.
 Botanical Garden – known as the Igorot Village. This place features some flowers, native huts
and other type of Igorot dwellings found in the Cordilleras.

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Map of the Philippines with Regions

The cities that comprise the NCR Region are:

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Festivals and Celebrations

Las Pinas City

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

All starts from low but Makati didn’t just begin

Population/ Language/ Area

They also have festivals. To name a few:

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Some of the hotels and business parks of the city are;

Hugo Boss and Polo Ralph Lauren.

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

in the Cultural Center of the Philippines .

Other notable museums in the city are:

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

San Juan City

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

The region has the following cities:

“Gateway City of Bicol”

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

The city’s population is a conglomerate of Bicolanos, Tagalogs, Visayans, Pampangos, Ilocanos,

 commercial poultry and hog raising

Some of the tourist attractions in Iriga City are:

“The Queen City of Bicol”

Products and Services

“Rodeo Capital of the Philippines”

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services

 PNOC-Ecopark – covering a total of 25,100 hectares of forest reservation, straddling the

Region 6 – Western Visayas

12. San Carlos City

“Seafood Capital of the Philippines”

Population/ Language/ Area

The language spoken in Roxas City are Capiznon and Hiligaynon.

Population/ Language/ Area

Products and Services