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Experiment Number1 Eec

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13 views5 pages

Experiment Number1 Eec

Hi

Uploaded by

shawon.webinfo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment Number: 1

Experiment Name: Introduction to Laboratory Apparatus.


Objective: The objective of this laboratory session is to familiarize students
with the use, operation, and applications of essential electrical apparatus,
including the rheostat, DC ammeter, digital clamp meter, multimeter, DC
voltmeter, and galvanometer. The session aims to develop practical skills for
accurately measuring and interpreting electrical parameters in circuits.

Apparatus:

1. Rheostat
2. DC Ammeter
3. Digital Clamp Meter
4. Multimeter
5. DC Voltmeter
6. Galvanometer.

Introduction: In Electrical and Electronics Engineering, precise measurement


and control of electrical parameters are crucial for analyzing and designing
circuits. This laboratory experiment introduces key apparatus that facilitate
these measurements:

 Rheostat: A variable resistor that adjusts current flow in a circuit by


altering resistance. It is commonly used to control current and calibrate
instruments.

 DC Ammeter: A device specifically designed to measure direct current


in a circuit. It is connected in series and has low internal resistance to
minimize circuit disruption.
 Digital Clamp Meter: A non-contact device that measures current
through electromagnetic induction, ideal for high-current circuits and
troubleshooting without interrupting the flow.

 Multimeter: A versatile instrument capable of measuring multiple


electrical parameters, including voltage, current, resistance, and
continuity. It is a fundamental tool for circuit analysis.
 DC Voltmeter: Measures the electric potential difference between two
points in a DC circuit. It is connected in parallel with the component or
circuit under test.

 Galvanometer: A sensitive instrument used to detect and measure small


electric currents. It operates based on the deflection of a needle in
response to current flow through a coil.
Theory:

1. Rheostat: Operates on Ohm’s Law (), where adjusting the resistance


changes the current in the circuit.
2. DC Ammeter: Provides accurate measurements of current in DC circuits,
ensuring proper circuit operation and troubleshooting.
3. Digital Clamp Meter: Measures current without physical connection by
sensing the magnetic field generated by current-carrying conductors.
4. Multimeter: Combines the functionalities of a voltmeter, ammeter, and
ohmmeter, making it a versatile tool for diagnosing circuit conditions.
5. DC Voltmeter: Measures voltage drops across components or the total
voltage of a power source in a DC circuit.
6. Galvanometer: Detects small currents and indicates their direction,
primarily used in bridge circuits and for detecting null conditions.

Experimental Procedure:

1. Rheostat Operation:
1 Connect the rheostat in series with a power source and a load.
2 Adjust the slider to vary resistance and observe changes in current
using a DC ammeter.
2. DC Ammeter Measurement:
1 Connect the DC ammeter in series with the circuit.
2 Record the current flow for various resistance settings.
3. Digital Clamp Meter Usage:
1 Place the clamp around a live wire in a circuit.
2 Observe and record the current measurement without interrupting
the circuit.
4. Multimeter Applications:
1 Set the multimeter to the desired function (e.g., voltage, current,
resistance).
2 Connect it appropriately in the circuit and record the readings.
5. DC Voltmeter Measurement:
1 Connect the voltmeter in parallel across a component or power
source.
2 Record the voltage drop or source voltage.
6. Galvanometer Detection:
1 Connect the galvanometer in a bridge circuit or testing setup.
2 Observe the needle deflection to detect the presence and direction
of small currents.

Observations:

 Rheostat: Resistance adjustment affects current flow proportionally.


 DC Ammeter: Accurate current measurements in DC circuits.
 Digital Clamp Meter: Convenient for non-contact current measurements.
 Multimeter : Versatile and accurate for measuring multiple electrical
parameters.
 DC Voltmeter: Precisely measures voltage in DC circuits.
 Galvanometer: Detects and measures small currents with sensitivity.

Results: The practical application of these apparatus demonstrated their roles in


measuring and analyzing electrical parameters. Proper connection and handling
ensured accurate and reliable data.

Conclusion: This experiment provided hands-on experience with essential


electrical apparatus. Students gained practical skills in measuring and
interpreting current, voltage, and resistance. Understanding the operation of
these instruments is fundamental for designing, analyzing, and troubleshooting
electrical and electronic systems.

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