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12 views

Neat_Python_Notes_CBSE_Class_11_12

Uploaded by

DEADLY GAMER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Python Notes for Class 11 and 12 CBSE

Introduction to Python

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language with simple syntax and powerful libraries.

Variables and Data Types

Variables store data values.


- int: Integer values (e.g., 10).
- float: Floating-point values (e.g., 10.5).
- str: String values (e.g., "Hello").
- bool: Boolean values (True or False).
- list: Ordered collection (e.g., [1, 2, 3]).
- tuple: Immutable ordered collection (e.g., (1, 2, 3)).
- dict: Key-value pairs (e.g., {"name": "John", "age": 25}).

Operators

Arithmetic Operators: Perform mathematical operations (+, -, *, /, %, //, **).


Comparison Operators: Compare values (==, !=, >, <, >=, <=).
Logical Operators: Combine conditional statements (and, or, not).

Input and Output

input(): Gets input from the user.


print(): Displays output to the console.

Control Structures

if: Executes a block of code if the condition is true.


if-else: Executes one block of code if the condition is true, another if false.
if-elif-else: Checks multiple conditions.

Loops
Python Notes for Class 11 and 12 CBSE

for: Iterates over a sequence.


while: Repeats as long as the condition is true.
break: Exits the loop.
continue: Skips the current iteration.

Functions

def: Defines a function.


return: Sends back a result from a function.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

class: Blueprint for creating objects.


__init__(): Constructor method, initializes attributes.

Modules and Packages

import: Includes external Python files.

Exception Handling

try-except: Catches and handles errors.


finally: Executes code regardless of the result.

File Handling

open(): Opens a file.


read()/write(): Reads from or writes to a file.
close(): Closes the file.

Python Libraries

NumPy: Numerical computations.


Pandas: Data manipulation.
Python Notes for Class 11 and 12 CBSE

Matplotlib: Data visualization.

Strings

Concatenation, slicing, indexing.


Methods: lower(), upper(), find(), replace(), split(), join().

Lists

Methods: append(), insert(), remove(), pop(), sort(), reverse().

Dictionaries

Methods: keys(), values(), items(), get().

Data Visualization

Using Matplotlib for plots.

Data Handling

Reading CSV files with Pandas.

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