The Universe

U N G S 1 3 0 1 B A S I C P H I L O SO P H Y
A N D I S L A M I C W O R L D VI E W
THE UNIVERSE
FROM ISLAMIC
WORLDVIEW
CONCEPT AND PURPOSE OF THE
UNIVERSE
ONE OF THE SIGNS OF ALLAH

“OR WERE THEY CREATED BY
NOTHING, OR WERE THEY THE
CREATORS [OF THEMSELVES]? OR DID
THEY CREATE THE HEAVENS AND THE
EARTH? RATHER, THEY ARE NOT
CERTAIN.” (Q. 52:35-36)
CONCEPT AND PURPOSE OF THE
UNIVERSE
ALLAH (SWT) FASHIONS THE UNIVERSE IN
THE MOST PERFECT WAY. EVERYTHING IS
IN HARMONIOUS BALANCE, A PERFECTLY
ORCHESTRATED EQUILIBRIUM
EVERYTHING HAS A ROLE TO PLAY IN
THE WORKINGS OF THIS UNIVERSE.
FROM SUB-NUCLEIC PARTICLES TO
GALAXIES
FROM TINIEST OF BACTERIA TO
MAJESTIC MOUNTAINS
THE UNIVERSE IN THE
QUR’AN
“The sun and the moon

“And the earth – We have [move] by precise
“Also, It is not allowable for
spread it and cast therein calculation, and the stars and
the sun to reach the moon,
firmly set mountains and trees prostrate. And the
nor does the night overtake
caused to grow therein heaven He raised and
the day, but each, in an orbit,
[something] of every well- imposed the balance, that
is swimming.” (Q. 36:38-40)
balanced thing.” (Q. 15:19) you not transgress within the
balance.” (Q. 55:5-8)
QADDARA ALLAH (THE DIVINE PRE-
MEASUREMENT & PRE-JUDGEMENT
OF ALLAH)
THE VERB “YUDABBIRU” (Q. 10:3,
31; 13:2; 32:5)
REFERS TO ALLAH’S THE VERB “QADDARA” (Q. 10:5;
MANAGEMENT, 25:2; 41:10; 73:20; 80:19; 87:3)
ARRANGEMENT, CONTROL MEANS “HE [ALLAH]
AND ADMINISTRATION OF MEASURED, DETERMINED,
THE COSMOS. FIXED, ORDAINED OR
DECREED, DISTRIBUTED,
DIVIDED, OR APPORTIONED”.
MEASUREMENT & PRE-JUDGEMENT
OF ALLAH)
THE PHRASE “FAQADDARAHŪ

TAQDĪRA” (Q. 25:2)
INDICATES THAT ALLAH
THE VERBAL NOUN “TAQDĪR” (Q.
ORDAINS EVERYTHING IN
6:96, 25:2, 36:38, 41:12)
DUE PROPORTION,
DENOTES “THE JUDGMENT
DETERMINES ITS NATURE IN
AND ORDERING / DECREE /
ACCORDANCE WITH HIS
MEASURING / LAID DOWN BY
DESIGN AND HAS METED
THE WILL OF [ALLAH]” .
OUT FOR IT A MEASURE
MEASUREMENT & PRE-JUDGEMENT OF ALLAH)
ALLAH’S DETERMINATION, PRE-
MEASUREMENT AND PRE-ORDAINMENT OF
EVERYTHING IN THE UNIVERSE SET THE
PERPETUAL NATURE AND CONSTANCIES OF
ALL THINGS IN NATURE, CULMINATING IN
PHYSICAL PHENOMENA AND PREDICTABILITY
IN THE COSMOS.
THESE REGULARITIES AND CONSTANCIES

ARE THE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF
NATURE, WHICH ALLOW FOR SCIENTIFIC
STUDIES, DISCOVERIES AND APPLICATIONS
MEASUREMENT & PRE-JUDGEMENT OF ALLAH)
EACH OF THE OBJECTS THAT

CONSTITUTE NATURE HAS A PURPOSE,
ITS MEASURE, DESTINY, AND ROLE (Q.
25:2, 87:3)
EVERY THING IS QADARAN MAQDURA

(SPECIFIC AND PRECISE) (Q. 33:38)
TASKHIR (SUBJUGATION) OF
THE UNIVERSE
Refers to the high degree of fine-tuning of the design-

parameters of the universe for the support of life on earth,
and ultimately, conscious and intelligent human life
Everything that exists in the universe has been

LESSON3
subjected to serve man and for human utilization
TASKHIR (SUBJUGATION) OF
THE UNIVERSE
“…And He has subjected to you all that is in the heavens

and all that is in the earth; it is all as a favour and
kindness from Him. Verily, in it are signs for a people who
think deeply.” (Q. 45:12-13) (See Q. 14:34; Q. 16:5, 10-11, Q.
68; 4:1)
The universe should be utilized to understand

LESSON3 tawhid and the significance of human relations
(Q. 7:15)
TASKHIR
“DHALŪL”, I.E. ANIMALS, PASTURES, THE EARTH,

NATURE HAS BEEN MADE “MANAGEABLE”.
(Q. 36:72) “AND THAT WE HAVE SUBJECTED

THEM TO MEN’S WILL, SO THAT SOME OF THEM
THEY MAY USE FOR RIDING AND OF SOME THEY
MAY EAT”
LITERALY "MADE THEM SUBMISSIVE (‫ ) َذَّلۡلَنٰـَه ا‬TO
THEM": IMPLYING ALSO THAT MAN IS
MORALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MANNER IN
WHICH HE USES OR MISUSES THEM.
TASKHIR
(Q. 16:69) “THEN TO EAT OF ALL THE PRODUCE
(OF THE EARTH), AND FIND WITH SKILL THE (‫) ُذُلًال‬
SPACIOUS PATHS OF ITS LORD: THERE ISSUES
FROM WITHIN THEIR BODIES A DRINK OF VARYING
COLOURS, WHEREIN IS HEALING FOR MEN: VERILY
IN THIS IS A SIGN FOR THOSE WHO GIVE
THOUGHT.”
DHULULAN: TWO MEANINGS ARE POSSIBLE: (1)
WAYS EASY AND SPACIOUS, REFERRING TO
THE UNERRING WAY IN WHICH BEES FIND
THEIR WAY FROM LONG DISTANCES TO THEIR
COMBS; AND (2) THE IDEA OF HUMILITY AND
OBEDIENCE IN THEM. (YUSUF ‘ALI)
TASBIH
Tasbῑḥ means venerating Allah’s glory, power and signs, which

reflect the uniformity of tawḥῑd such as
“The seven heavens and the Earth and all they contain
glorify Him, and there is not a thing but extols His glory;
but you do not understand how they glorify Him.” (Q.
17:44)
“Everything in the heavens and on Earth glorifies Allah.” (Q.
62:1)
THANK YOU
SEE YOU NEXT TIME

The Universe

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U N G S 1 3 0 1 B A S I C P H I L O SO P H Y

ONE OF THE SIGNS OF ALLAH

“The sun and the moon

THE PHRASE “FAQADDARAHŪ

THESE REGULARITIES AND CONSTANCIES

EACH OF THE OBJECTS THAT

EVERY THING IS QADARAN MAQDURA

Refers to the high degree of fine-tuning of the design-

Everything that exists in the universe has been

“…And He has subjected to you all that is in the heavens

The universe should be utilized to understand

“DHALŪL”, I.E. ANIMALS, PASTURES, THE EARTH,

(Q. 36:72) “AND THAT WE HAVE SUBJECTED

Tasbῑḥ means venerating Allah’s glory, power and signs, which

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