ROBOFORM 35•2400•54/55•84

NC Manual

205 960 780/E/02.2000 ver. C

Part 2/2

205 961 530/E/13.03.2000

Programming
with PROFORM

Introduction 7.3

PROFORM syntax 7.4

•Instructions 7.4
•Operations 7.4
•Parameters 7.4
•Numerical constant 7.4
•Expressions 7.4
•Variables 7.5
•Assigned values 7.6
•Comments 7.6

Programming 7.7
•Control functions 7.7
PN - Part program name 7.7
STOP - Stop execution 7.7
FROM - Determines position 7.8
END - End of program 7.8
MACRO - Definition Macro 7.9
TERMAC - End of macro 7.10 Table of
Proform
CALL - Call a macro 7.11 contents

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.1

 Basic instructions 7.12
Description of parameter indicators and modifiers 7.12
TANK - Worktank movement 7.13
GOTO - Movement 7.14
GOAX - Movement along a selected axis 7.15
DOWN - Plunge cutting 7.16
VECT - Linear machining 7.17
ORB - Orbital machining 7.18
EXPAN - Plane orbital machining 7.19

Cycles 7.20
CONE - Conical machining 7.20
SPHER - Spherical machining 7.23
HELIC - Helical machining 7.26
SQAR - Machining by vectorial cycle 7.27
SQAR - Machining by orbital cycle (square orbit) 7.28
DIAG - Diagonal translation along an angle 7.29
PYR - Pyramidal translation along an angle 7.30
ISOG - Spherical translation 7.31
ORB3D - Orbital space translation 7.32
SQAR3D - Square translation in space 7.33
ISOG3D - Spherical translation in space 7.34

Machining modes 7.35

ANGUL - Angle locked 7.35
SPIN - Spindle rotation 7.36
RETRACT/NORMAL - Retract along path 7.37
RETRACT/AXIAL - Retract along machining axis 7.37
RETRACT/POINT - Retract to the current point 7.38

Auxiliary functions 7.39

AXE - Select principal machining axis 7.39
COORD - Coordinate mode and units of measure 7.40
DELAY - Pause 7.40
TOOL - Change tool 7.41
FLUSH - Flushing 7.41
ASPIR - Suction 7.43
FLI - Injector pressure 7.43
FLA - Pressure drop 7.43
AUXF - Auxiliary functions 7.44
TECHNO - Select a technology table 7.46

Contouring 7.47
LINE - Linear machining path 7.47
ARC - Circular machining path 7.47
MODE - Contouring mode 7.47
GAP - Path correction 7.48

Table of
Proform
contents

7.2 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Introduction

PROFORM is a programming language that has been specially designd for

ROBOFORM die-sinking EDM machines.

PROFORM can be used to prepare complex machining programs quickly using an

instruction set that is carefully tailored to the various types of die-sinking EDM.

The PROFORM syntax, introduced at the beginning of this chapter, defines all the
rules that must be followed to produce a part program.

The PROFORM editor, which is used to apply these rules and correct program code
as it is written, makes writing NC programs simple, even for an inexperienced
operator.

The following chapters present all the available PROFORM operations (major Proform
words).

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.3

 PROFORM Syntax

The syntax uses the following symbol conventions:

<> for optional parameters and to select among several parameters

Instructions
Syntax <LINE NUMBER:>OPERATION RETURN

•The line number can vary between 1 and 32000 and is followed by a colon (:).
This facilitates program revision by making it easier to locate individual lines of
code.
•The PROFORM EDITOR automatically provides line numbers.

Operations
Syntax This depends on the operation, but generally is of the form: major
word/parameter indicator, parameter.

•Major words are reserved words in PROFORM and are described in the following
subchapters (ex., GOTO, ORB, etc.). Major words are always separated from
parameters by the / symbol. If there is no parameter, the / is not needed (ex.,
END).
Some major words (ex., FROM) can be used with or without a parameter. In this
case the / symbol cannot be used.
•The parameter indicator is also a reserved, or minor word, (ex, X, Y, L, etc.).
Parameter indicators are described in the following subchapters along with their
respective major words.
•A comma (,) is used to separate the parameter indicator from the parameters and
one parameter from another.

Example
FROM/X,0,Y,0

Parameters
Syntax Numerical constant or variable or expression

•Parameters must have a value when the instruction is executed, which means that
variables must already be defined. In general variables are defined at the
beginning of the program before any macros are defined.

Numerical constant
Syntax < sign > number

•The sign is either + or -. If unspecified, the + is used by default.

•If no decimal point (.) is indicated, the number is considered to be an integer
value.

Expressions
An expression is a combination of arithmetic operators and operands.
Operators can be standard operators (+, -, /, etc.) or predefined functions (SIN,
TAN, SQR, etc.). Operands can be variables or constants. Parentheses can be used
to define the order in which expressions are calculated:

Example
LP1P2=SQR (P1X - P2X) * (P1X -P2X) + (P1Y - P2Y) * (P1Y - P2Y);
Proform distance between p1 and p2.

7.4 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Syntax operator operand operator

•An expression can contain other expressions, functions, numerical constants, or

simple variables.

•Valid operators are:

+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ division
•Functions are:
SIN () sine
COS () cosine
TAN () tangent
ATAN () arc tangent
•Angles are expressed in degrees and decimal fractions of degrees (ex., 49.5°)
ABS () absolute value
SQR () square root
SGN () sign

Example
1:FROM/X, 0, Y, 0
2:GOTO/X,(10.2+3.7), Y,(10*TAN(27))
3:VECT/X,22,Y,7-(22/3+6*1.27),Z,-15
.
.
.

Variables
A variable is a symbol that represents a value. This variable must always be
assigned a value before it can be used. This value may change during program
execution and a new value may be assigned to the variable (ex., AA = AA + 1).
Variables cannot use names that are used in the PROFORM language or macro
names.

Syntax letter + 1 to 7 alphanumeric characters

•A variable may contain 2 to 50 characters.

Example
DOWN/L, (only the first 8 variables are necessary).

•Valid characters are the letters A to Z and the numbers 0 to 9 (ex., AB, AX,
ANGLE, etc.).
•Both upper and lower case letters can be used and have the same meaning.

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.5

 Assigned values
Syntax Variable=expression

•The expression is evaluated and its value is passed to the variable to the left of the
equal sign.
•This variable can then be used in the program as a substitute for a numerical value.

Example
1:FROM/X, 0, Y, 0
2:AA=10*TAN (22)
3:GOTO/X, 10, Y,AA ; Move to the point X=10, Y=10*TAN(22)
•
•
etc...
Comments
Syntax ; text RETURN

•A semicolon (;) can be used to write comments in the part program without
affecting execution.

Example
1:FROM/X,10,Y,0; Origin point of first cavity
2:VECT/Z,-(12-0.24),E,243; Z-axis machining in roughing mode
or
3:; Z-axis machining in roughing mode
•
•
etc..

Proform

7.6 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Programming

Control functions

PN Part program name

Syntax PN/ name of part program

•The part program name can have a maximum of 40 characters.

•The name of the part program has no effect on the numerical control unit, it is
simply used to reference the program.
•It is not needed to run a program.

Examples
1:PN/ SQUARE
2:PN/. DIE N1
3:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10,C,0
4:......
5:......

STOP Stop execution

Syntax STOP </OPTIONAL>

•This command will stop program execution until the operator presses the START
key.
•The /OPTIONAL modifier is used to stop program execution only if the OSP switch
on the user parameters page is set to 1.

Examples
N°1: OSP=1
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0
2:GOTO/X,10
3:STOP/OPTIONAL ; Stops program execution (feed hold)
4:VECT/Z,-10
5:END

N° 2: OSP=0
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0
2:GOTO/X,10
3:STOP/OPTIONAL ; Program does not stop
4:VECT/Z,-10
5:END ; End of program

N° 3: OSP=0 or 1
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0
2:GOTO/X,10
3:STOP ; Stops program execution
4:VECT/Z,-10
5:END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.7

 FROM Determines position

Syntax FROM/<X,x>,<Y,y>,<Z,z>,<C,c>

•This function determines the workpiece coordinate system that will be used during
the program but will not result in any movement along the axes. When the program
begins, the axes displayed, X, Y, Z, and C, will be assigned the values x, y, z,
and c.
Coordinates that are not defined in the FROM statement are assigned the values of
the active machine system.
•If there is no FROM statement at the beginning of the program, the starting position
is assigned the values displayed on the machine.
•A program can contain several FROM statements, each of which defines a new
workpiece system.
•FROM cannot be used between two chained orbits (not followed by a RET
command) or between two operations within time P.
•When FROM appears without an argument, it can be used to assign the return
point for electrode retraction controlled by the RET command.

YM YM YP YM YP
Example N°1
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0 10
2:COORD/ABS
3:GOTO/X,10 XP XP

4:END XM XM XM

Starting position FROM/X,0,Y,0 GOTO/X,10

Movement 10 mm

Note
XM,YM = machine coordinate system
XP,YP = workpiece coordinate system
= current position

YM YM YP YM YP
Example N°2
10
1:FROM/X,10,Y,0
2:COORD/ABS XP XP
3:GOTO/X,10 XM XM XM

Starting position FROM/X,10,Y,0 GOTO/X,10

No movement

END End of program

Syntax END

•No command will be executed without an END statement.

•All programs must end with an END statement.
•Only one END is needed in a part program.
Proform

7.8 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

MACRO Macro definition

Syntax MACRO/ macro name <, parameter 1, parameter 2, etc.>

•A macro is a subroutine that can be called several times (with CALL) and run from
within the main program.
•Macro definitions must appear before the main program beginning with FROM.
•Several macros can appear at the start of a program.
A macro can call another macro, which must appear before the calling macro.
A macro name can be a maximum of 8 characters long.
•The parameters assigned to a macro can be used to modify the value of a variable
in this macro each time it is called.
•A macro can use a variable outside the macro, but this variable must already be
defined.

Example
1:MACRO/M1,AA,BB,CC; Determine the parameters of macro M1
2:GOTO/X,AA,Y,BB,Z,CC; Move to the point X=AA, Y=BB, Z=CC
3:TERMAC; End of macro M1
4:MACRO/M2; Define a 2nd macro
5:CALL/M1,10,20,30; Run macro M1 by assigning AA=10, BB=20, CC=30
6:VECT/Z,-10,E,323 Linear machining in Z
7:... Continuation of program
8:TERMAC; End of macro M2
9:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 Start of main program
10:CALL/N,2,M2; Macro M2 runs twice
11:... Continuation of program
•
•
•
20:END End of program

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.9

 TERMAC End of MACRO

Syntax TERMAC

•Terminates the definition of a macro.

•All macros must end with TERMAC.
•Only a single TERMAC command can be used in a macro.

Electrode Electrode
section

Workpiece

1461 1462

MACRO example
1:PN/Star; Machine a star
2:ND=8 Number of teeth
3:ANGI=0; Starting angle
4:INC=360/ND; Angle increment

5:MACRO/TOOTH,DIRECTION; Machine a tooth in a given direction

6:FROM
7:GOTO/C,DIRECTION; Electrode position
8:ANGUL/A,DIRECTION; Lock the angle of the tooth being machined
9:DOWN/L,-10,E,323 Plunge cutting
10:EXPAN/R,20,RET; Machine tooth using one-way translation
11:TERMAC

12:MACRO/TURN; Incrementing macro calls the first macro

13:CALL/TOOTH, ANGI; Machine tooth in the direction ANGI
14:ANGI=ANGI + INC; Next tooth
15:TERMAC

16:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,0,C,0; Start of program

17:CALL/ N,ND,TURN; Machine ND teeth
18:ANGUL/OFF
19:GOTO/X,0,Y,0,Z,0,C,0;
20:END

Comments - MACRO example

•Lines 1 to 4
Variables are defined and assigned values.
•Lines 5 to 11
A tooth is machined. It is located by its angular position (DIRECTION parameter).
Machining involves a plunge cut (DOWN) followed by one-way translation
(EXPAN with ANGUL/A, DIRECTION). FROM defines the next point after EXPAN
(RET=return to the start of the cycle); the coordinates used are X, 0, Y, 0, Z, 0 from
Proform line 16 (modal character).

7.10 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

•Lines 12 to 15
MACRO/TURN defines incrementation of the DIRECTION parameter in MACRO/
TOOTH, DIRECTION by assigning the variable ANGI to this parameter. The
instruction ANGI=ANGI + INC determines the direction of the next tooth to be
machined (CALL/TOOTH, ANGI).
Using this MACRO you can avoid having to write 8 separate MACRO/TOOTH,
DIRECTION statements, with DIRECTION assuming the values 0, 45, 90, etc˘
•Lines 16 to 20
The main program calls MACRO/TURN ND times, and eight teeth are machined
in succession in the cavity.

CALL Call a macro

Syntax CALL/< N,n >, name of Macro <, expression 1, expression 2, etc >

•The called macro will be executed n times (n=1 by default); n can be a numerical
constant or an expression whose value is rounded off to the nearest integer.
•The expressions supplied when the macro is called replace the parameters used
when the macro is defined and are executed in the same order. The number of
expressions called must be the same as the number of parameters in the macro.

Example
1:MACRO/SUP,A1,A2,A3; Define parameters in the SUP macro
2:VECT/Z,A3; Linear machining to the point Z=A3
3:VECT/X,A1,Y,A2,RET; Linear machining to the point X=A1, Y=A2
4:TERMAC; End of SUP macro
5:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 Start of main program
6:GOTO/X,10,Y,15; Move
7:CALL/SUP,2,3,-5; Run SUP macro with A1=2, A2=3, A3=-5
8:GOTO/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 Move
9:GOTO/X,10,Y,40; Move
10:CALL/SUP,3,4,-6; Run SUP macro with A1=3, A2=4, A3=-6
11:GOTO/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 Move
12:END End of program

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.11

 Basic instructions

Description of parameter indicators and modifiers

•X, Y, Z, and C coordinates

These can be expressed in absolute or relative value by using the COORD
command. By default the values are expressed as absolute values.
Value = - 1m < X + 1m
- 1m < Y + 1m
- 1m < Z + 1m
- 360° C + 360°

•L coordinate
Same as X, Y, or Z depending on the axis that has been selected by the AXE
command. In the case of 3D cycles, distance on the imaginary axis from the start
of the cycle.

•H coordinate
H is used to modify the value of L. A negative H always decreases the machined
length along the work axis, independently of the direction of machining. This
feature can be used to determine the spark (gap) ou de la sous-dimension radiale
de l'électrode.

•Machining setting E,e

Where e is the setting in the valid technologies table.

The setting is modal. Therefore, if an operation does not include an explicit setting,
it will use the active setting in the PILOT-EXPERT II page.I

The setting can be selected from a FIXE (ex., CUAC. TEC) or ADJUSTABLE file.
(Ex: UCUAC. TEC) or in a file created by the user.
This file can be selected manually while in EXE mode using the ACTIVATE TABLES
function, or automatically from within a part program with the TECHNO/F
instruction, or in a command program with the TEC command.

•Time P, p
Specifies machining time in minutes. The dimension involved (L-H) must be
sufficiently large so that switching from one program to another is controlled by the
time and not the dimension. The Time instruction is primarily used during
microfinishing and polishing.

An instruction cannot be changed during a machining sequence (for example,

switching from ORB to VECT, or from ORB to CONE, etc.) governed by the Time
instruction. The only valid change is switching from DOWN to ORB.

A machining sequence specified by time must always be ended by a RET since the
dimension attained cannot be defined.

Proform

7.12 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

•Forced retract during machining
Basic machining operations terminate by default at the last point or radius
machined (offset is not automatically cancelled).

The RET modifier forces the tool to retract between the end of the operation and the
beginning of the next cycle. The retract strategy is specified during the description
of the various commands.

A cycle start is defined by one of the following functions: FROM, GOTO, TOOL,
GOAX, SPIN, AUXF, 13/14, RETRACT/POINT (AXIAL).
- The FROM command without any coordinate indicator can be used to indicate
the start of a cycle during a program.
- RET must appear at the end of a time sequence.

TANK Worktank movement (FO 35/55)

Syntax TANK/H,h
H,h Movement of tank height expressed in millimetres or inches according to
the COORD instruction.

•When COORD/ABS is active, the instruction TANK/H, h results in absolute

movement of the height of the worktank.
•When COORD/INCR is active, the instruction TANK/H, h results in relative
movement of the height of the worktank.

Note
Only available on the DT series.

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.13

 GOTO Movement

Syntaxe GOTO/<X,x><Y,y><Z,z><C,c><R,r>
< >= optionnel
<R,r>= maximum radius in relation to the center of the electrode (R does not
modify the geometry but improves the “C” axis servo control).
10 ≤ r ≤ 200.

•After a GOTO, the initial radius of the following operation is defined as nil.
•The movement on the 4 axes is synchronized.
•Electrical touch is always disabled during a GOTO.

339

+Z
+C

-C +Y

20
Z=0 10

-X +X

X=0
-Y
-Z
Example 20
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10,C,0
2:GOTO/X,20,Y,-4,Z,20,C,90
Y=0 4
3:GOTO/X,0,Y,0,Z,10,C,0
4:END

Proform

7.14 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

GOAX Movement along a selected axis

Syntax GOAX/L,l<H,h>
< >= optional
L,l= final dimension on the selected axis
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode

•The work axis must have been previously defined (AXE command).
•Movement is similar to GOTO but along one axis at a time.
•Edge finding is always disabled during GOAX.

339
!

+Z GOAX without an
+C
indicator
-C +Y
is used to cancel
translation (after ORB,
10
Z=0 EXPAN, CONE).
-X +X

-Y
X=0
-Z
Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10,C,0 20
2:AXE/X
3:GOAX/L,20
4:GOAX/L,0 Y=0
5:END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.15

 DOWN Plunge cutting

Syntax DOWN/L,l<,H,h,><,E,e><,P,p><,RET>
< >= optional
L,l= final dimension along the selected axis
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated
P,p= time in minutes for the maximum duration of machining (used during
polishing)

•The work axis must have been previously defined (AXE command).
(par défaut: Z)

337

Without RET With RET

;;;;
;;;;
10
Z=0

Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 20
2:AXE/Z
3:DOWN/L,-20,H,-0.05,E,323,RET
4:END

Proform

7.16 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

VECT Linear machining

Syntax VECT/<,X,x><,Y,y><,Z,z><,C,c><,R,r><,E,e><,P,p><,RET>
< >= optional
R,r= maximum radius with respect to the center of the electrode (R does not
modify the geometry but improves the "C" axis servo
10 r 200
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated
P,p= time in minutes for the maximum duration of machining (used during
polishing)

•After a vector the initial radius of the following operation is set to zero.
•Movement along the four axes is synchronized.

1664

;;;;
A AA
31.9

10

;;;;
Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10,C,0 8
2:VECT/Z,-8+0.05,E,323
3:VECT/Z,0+0.05,C,-90,R,16
4:GOAX/L,10 Ø32
5:GOTO/Z,10,C,0
6:END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.17

 ORB Orbital machining

Syntax ORB/L,l<,H,h><,E,e><,P,p><,RET>
< >= optional
L,l= final dimension on the selected axis
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated
P,p= time in minutes for the maximum duration of machining (used during
polishing)
•The work axis must have been previously defined (AXE command).
•The electrode moves to 45° at the beginning of movement.
•The initial radius is supplied by the final radius of the previous operation.
•Without RET the operation will terminate at the last orbit.

;;;; ;;
1427

Without RET With RET With RET and

initial radius

;;;;
!

Maximum offset radius

L-H

R = 32 mm 45° 45°

;;;;
19

;;;;
10
341

12
Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10,C,0
2:AXE/Z 20
3:DOWN/L,-12,H,-(20-19)/2,E,323
4:ORB/L,-12,H,-0.05,E,323,RET
5:END

Proform

7.18 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

EXPAN Plane orbital machining

Syntax EXPAN/R,r<,E,e><,P,p><,RET>
< >= optional
R,r= final radius - spark gap 0 R 21.568 mm
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated
P,p= time in minutes for the maximum duration of machining (used during
polishing)

•The expansion starts at the initial radius (supplied by the previous operation) and
increases gradually until the final radius is reached.
•Without RET the operation will end at the final orbit.

Without RET With RET

;;;;
343 Ø32

;;;;
Example Ø34
19

1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2:AXE/Z Ø52
3:DOWN/L,-19,H,-0.05, E,323
4:EXPAN/R,(52-32)/2-0.05, E,323,RET
5:END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.19

 Cycles

CONE Conical machining

Syntax CONE/L,l<,H,h,><,A,a,><E,e,><P,p><RET>
< >= optional
L,l= final dimension along the selected axis
H,h= used to decrease the machined length by the spark gap
A,a= slope of the cone (-90° to +90°)
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the next cycle when
the operation is terminated
P,p= time in minutes for the maximum duration of machining (used during
polishing)

∝> 0 ∝< 0
∝ ∝

Direction of machining Direction of machining

•By default "a" is zero and the CONE instruction defines a cylinder whose radius is
the final radius of the previous operation.
•The length of the cone must not exceed the initial radius /tg (a).
•The work axis must have been previously defined (AXE command).
•The initial radius is supplied by the final radius of the previous operation.

;;;;
Example N° 1 Cone with its apex pointing down
L-H

;;;;
Without RET With RET

23.9

;;;;
10

1667

12°
24

1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2:AXE/Z
3:DOWN/L,-24,H,-0.05,E,323 24
4:CONE/L,1,A,12,E,323
5:GOAX ; cancels offset
Proform 6:END

7.20 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Example N° 2 Cone with its apex pointing down, with initial translation

;;;;
23

1671

;;;;
10

12°
24

1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2:AXE/Z
3:DOWN/L,-24,H,-0.05,E,323
4:EXPAN/R,(24-23)/2-0.05,E,323
5:CONE/L,1,A,12,E,323
6:GOAX
24
7:END

Example N° 3 Cone with its apex pointing up, with initial translation

•Machining is done by the top of the electrode.

19

;;;;
1673
13
10
15

1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 15°
2:AXE/Z
3:GOAX/L,-13
4:EXPAN/R,(20-19)/2-0.05,E,323
5:CONE/L,-(15+13+1),A,15,RET 20
6:GOAX/L,10
7:END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.21

 Example N° 4 Cylindrical machining with initial translation

;;;;
Ø23

10
1675

;;;;
Ø24

28
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2:AXE/Z
3:EXPAN/R,(24-23)/2-0.05,E,323
4:CONE/L,-28,H,-0.05,RET
(A=0 default)
5:END

Proform

7.22 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

SPHER Spherical machining

Syntax SPHER/L,l,<H,h><,I,i,><R,r,><E,e><,RET>
< >= optional

;;;
L,l= final dimension along the selected axis
I,i= coordinate (on the work axis) of the center of the sphere beingmachined
-1 m i +1 m
R,r= radius of the sphere described by point C on the electrode (RC)

;;;
-1 m R 1 m

;;;
r>0

r<0

1677

H,h= used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated

•The work axis must be defined.

•Electrode position is defined in relation to its central plane.
•The sphere cannot be machined if it is tangent to the exit plane of the workpiece.
In this situation you must program a position (Pos) with a 1 µm correction so that the
sphere is secant to the exit plane.
•The SPHER instruction must be preceded by an EXPAN operation in order to
machine the shape to the size of the entrance diameter (D1) of the sphere:
EXPAN/(D1 -Ø electrode)/2+(R2-AX), where R2 is the radius of the electrode
profile.
•Before the EXPAN operation the electrode must be positioned with respect to the
work axis and within ± AZ of the entrance plane so that the tangents of the radii of
the sphere and the electrode meet.
- The final dimension L of the sphere must also be corrected by ± AZ.
- The following rule is used to determine the sign of ± AZ
- Concave sphere:
AZ must bring the electrode toward the center of the sphere.
- Convex sphere:
AZ must bring the electrode away from the center of the sphere.

AZ= (R2 + GAP)•DE

RR

AX= (R2 + GAP)2 - AZ2

DE= Distance between the entrance plane and the center of the sphere. It is always positive.

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.23

 Examples

1442

D1:Ø entrance

;;;;;
D2:

C
Entrance
plane

;;;;;
R2
DE

I C)
R (R

L
;;;;;
RR
DS

1443

Proform

7.24 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

 •N° 1 - Concave sphere
1:PN/CONCAVE SPHERE; ; Z = 0 for the central plane of the electrode
and the entrance plane of the sphere.
2:D1=46; entrance diameter
3:D2=25; electrode diameter
4:II=-15; center coordinate (on Z)
5:DE=15; always positive
6:RR=27; final radius of the sphere
7:R2=2; profile radius of the electrode
8:R1=R2+GAP; replace GAP with its actual value
9:RC=RR -R1; radius of the sphere described by point C on
the electrode
10:POS=-38; final position
11:AZ=(R1*DE)/RR
12:AX=SQR(R1*R1-AZ*AZ)
13:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,4
14:DOWN/L,-AZ; -AZ to bring the electrode closer to the center
of the sphere
15:EXPAN/R,(D1-D2)/2+(R2-AX)
16:SPHER/L,POS+AZ I,II,R,RC,RET;
+AZ to bring the electrode closer to the center
of the sphere

;;;;
17:END
46
AX
AZ

4
Z=0

;;;;
RC R2
DE

15
7
=2
RR 25 23

•N°2 - Convex sphere

1:PN/CONVEX SPHERE; ; Z = 0 for the central plane of the electrode
and entrance plane of the sphere
2:D1=51; entrance diameter
3:D2=25; electrode diameter
4:II=-22; center coordinate (on Z)
5:DE=22; always positive
6:RR=27; final radius of the convex sphere
7:R2=2; profile radius of the electrode
8:R1=R2+GAP; replace GAP with its actual value
9:RC=-(RR+R1); radius of the sphere described by point C on
the electrode
10:POS=-44; final position
11:AZ=(R1* DE)/RR
12:AX=SQR(R1*R1-AZ*AZ)
13:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,4
14:DOWN/L,+AZ; +AZ to move the electrode away from the center
of the sphere
15:EXPAN/R,D1-D2)/2+(R2-AX)
16:SPHER/L,POS-AZ,I,II,R,RC,RET;
-AZ to move the electrode away from the center
of the sphere 51
17:END

;;;;;
AZ R2
4

Z=0

;;;;;
AX
7
22

=2
RR RC

25
22
DE

1445
Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.25

 HELIC Helical machining

DIR
Syntax HELIC/ ,Z,z<,H,h>,K,k<,R,r><,E,e><,P,p><,RET>
REV
< >= optional.
DIR= threading is clockwise in the direction of machining
REV= threading is counterclockwise in the direction of machining
Z,z= final dimension on Z axis
K,k= lead per unit length on Z per revolution on C
0.5 mm/rev k 3000 mm/rev
R,r= maximum radial distance with respect to the electrode center (does not
change the geometry but improves machining stability)
E,e= setting in the technology table
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated
P,p= maximum machining time in minutes (used during polishing, for
example)

•Only one work axis can be defined: Z

1681

Example - Threading M20

1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
;;;;
;;;;
10

20

2:HELIC/DIR,Z,-23,K,3,R,10,E,323,RET
3:END

Proform

7.26 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

SQAR Machining by vectorial cycle

Syntax SQAR/USRX,usrx,USRY,usry,ANG,ang,L,l,<,H,h><,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional.

L,l= final dimension on the selected axis
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
USRX, usrx= radial undersizing on X' (positive value)
USRY, usry= radial undersizing on Y' (positive value)
ANG, ang= X' and Y' reference angle with respect to the X and Y machine axes
(default ANG=0).
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle
when the operation is terminated

•Can be used on AXE/X/Y/Z.

•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.
•The reference angle (ANG) is negative in the clockwise direction.
•USRX and USRY must be greater than H - 0.001

Z
ANG +
Y' Y Y X

USR Y USR X USR Y

X

ANG
X'

L
USR X
ANG -

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2: DOWN/L,-15,H,-0.3,E,343 (not compulsory, roughing without
translation)
3: SQAR/USRX,0.3,USRY,0.2,ANG,20,L, 15,H,-0.001,E,303
4: SQAR/H,-0.025,E,282,RET
5: END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.27

 SQAR Machining by orbital cycle (square orbit)

Syntax SQAR/DIR,USRX,usrx,USRY,usry,ANG,0,L,l,<,Hh><,Ee><,RET
or
SQAR/REV,USRX,usrx,USRY,usry,ANG,0,L,l,<,Hh><,Ee><,RET>

<> = Optional.
L,l = final dimension on the selected axis.
H,h = used for reducing the machined length by the sparking distance value
(gap) or by the radial undersize of the electrode.
E,e = setting number in the table of settings.
DIR = clockwise rotation of the orbit.
REV = counter-clockwise rotation of the orbit.
USRX, usrx, = X’ radial undersize (positive value).
USRY, usry = Y’ radial undersize (positive value).
ANG,0 = X’ and Y’ reference angle for machining, with respect to the
machine X and Y axes = 0
RET = forces retraction back to the start of the cycle when the operation is
completed
Useable on AXE/X/Y/Z.
Plunge cut (DOWN) included in the cycle.
The reference angle (ANG) is equal to 0
USRX equals USRY and must be greater than H, -0.001.
Parameters DIR and REV are optional. By default, clockwise directionis
applied

Remarks
The SQAR orbital cycles can be used in a sequence (gradation of settings)
provided that the progression of the radius is respected as in the case of utilization
of ORB. The radius is moreover limited to 32mm.
The cycle consists of an EXPAN of radius R = USRX + H, followed by a CONE /
A,0,L,l,H,H.
If the cycle forms part of a sequence and it is not the first, the EXPAN is not
generated.
The CONEs are linked up one after the other.
If a vectorial cycle is used in the middle of a sequence of orbital cycles and vice
versa, the fatal error: “F0234: Forbidden command” is produced and the program
goes into suspension. It is not possible to continue, and the operator must abort
execution.

Proform

7.28 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

DIAG Diagonal translation along an angle

Syntax DIAG/USRX,usrx,USRY,usry,ANG,ang,L,l,<,H,h><,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional.

L,l= final dimension along the selected axis
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
USRX,usrx= radial undersizing on X' (positive value)
USRY,usry= radial undersizing on Y' (positive value)
ANG,ang= X' and Y' reference angle with respect to the X and Y machine axes
(default ANG=0)
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated

•Can be used for AXE/X/Y/Z.

•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.
•The reference angle (ANG) is negative in the clockwise direction.
•USRX and USRY must be greater than - H.

ANG +
Y' Y Y X

X USR Y USR X USR Y

ANG
X'

L
USR X
ANG -

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2: DOWN/L,-15,H,-0.3,E,343 (not compulsory, roughing
without translation)
3: DIAG/USRX,0.3,USRY,0.2,ANG,20,L,-15,H,-0.001,E,303
4: DIAG/L,-15,H,-0.025,E,283,RET
5: END

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.29

 PYR Pyramidal translation along an angle

Syntax PYR/USRX,usrx,USRY,usry,ANG,ang,L,l,<,H,h><,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional.

L,l= final dimension on the selected axis
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
USRX,usrx= radial undersizing on X'
USRY,usry= radial undersizing on Y'
ANG,ang= X' and Y' reference angle with respect to the X and Y
machine axes (default ANG=0)
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated

•USRX and USRY must be greater than H,- 0.001

•Can be used for AXE/X/Y/Z.
•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.
•The reference angle (ANG) is negative in the clockwise direction.

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2: DOWN/L,-15,H,-0.3,E,343 (not compulsory, roughing
without translation)
3: PYR/USRX,0.3,USRY,0.2,ANG,20,L,-15,H,-0.001,E,303
4: PYR/L,-15,H,-0.025,E,283,RET
5: END

Proform

7.30 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

ISOG Spherical translation

Syntax ISOG/USR,usr,STEP,step<,H,h><,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional.

H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
STEP,step= number of passes required (successive planes)
USR,usr= undersize of the spherical electrode (positive value)
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated

•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.

•If STEP is large, accuracy is improved but machining time increases.
Suggested settings for roughing: 4
semifinishing: 5
finishing: 6
•USR must be greater than--H.

USR

∝
Example ∝= 90°
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 Qq
2: DOWN/L,-15,H,-0.3,E,343 (not compulsory, roughing without
translation)
3: ISOG/USR,0.25,STEP,3,H,-0.25, E,303
4: ISOG/H,-0.150,E,303
5: ISOG/STEP,6,H,-0.025,E,283,RET
6: END

Example of undersizing Example of undersizing

RADIAL (1 mm) SPHERICAL (1 mm)
1 1 1 1

R= R=
10 9 9
R=

R = 10 R = 10 R = 10
Proform
1465c

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.31

 ORB3D Orbital space translation

Syntax ORB3D/ANGX,angx,ANGZ,angz,STEP,step,USR,usr,L,l,<,H,h>
<,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional.

ANGX,angx= angle on X fixed at its initial value (default ANGX=0)
ANGZ,angz= angle on Z fixed at its initial value (default ANGZ=0)
STEP,step=number of vectors making up the ORB.
USR,usr= radial undersizing (positive value)
L,l= final dimension on the axis selected (distance between the starting point
and the bottom of the cavity, positive value)
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated

•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.

•USR must be greater than- H.

Z
X' Z Workpiece

Z' Starting point X

X
Workpiece

Y ANG Z +
Workpiece

ANG X -
Penetration
vector

Bottom of cavity

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,0
2: GOTO/C,360-20
3: ORB3D/ANGX,20,ANGZ,25,USR,0.3,L,15,H,-0.25,E,343
4: ORB3D/H,-0.20,E,323
.
.
.

;;;;
7: ORB3D/H,-0.025,E,243,RET
8: END
Starting point

Proform
;;;;
;;;;
L
Bottom of cavity

1469

7.32 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

SQAR3D Square translation in space

Syntax SQAR3D/ANGX,angx,ANGZ,angz,USRX,usrx,USRY,usry<,L,l>
<,H,h><,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional.

ANGX,angx= X angle fixed at its initial value (default ANGX=0)
ANGZ,angz= Z angle fixed at its initial value (default ANGZ=0)
USRX,usrx= radial undersizing on X (positive value)
USRY,usry= radial undersizing on Y (positive value)
L,l= final dimension on the axis selected (distance between the starting point
and the bottom of the cavity, positive value)
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when the
operation is terminated

•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.

•USRX and USRY must be greater than - H.

Z
Z' X'
Z Workpiece
Starting point
X X
Workpiece
Vv

Uu Y ANG Z +
Workpiece

ANG X - Penetration
vector

L
Bottom of cavity

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,0
2: GOTO/C,360-20
3: SQAR3D/ANGX,20,ANGZ,25,USRX,0.25,USRY,0.23,L,15,H,-0.3,E,343
4: SQAR3D/H,-0.2,E,323
.
.
.
7: SQAR3D/H,-0.025,E,243,RET
8: END 1473

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.33

 ISOG3D Spherical translation in space

Syntax ISOG3D/ANGX,angx,ANGZ,angz,USR,usr,STEP,step<,L,l>
<,H,h><,E,e><,RET>

< >= optional

ANGX,angx= angle on X fixed at its initial value (default ANGX=0)
ANGZ,angz= angle on Z fixed at its initial value (default ANGZ=0)
USR,usr= spherical undersize (positive value).
STEP,step= determines the number of machining steps (default STEP=4), max.
value STEP=60
L,l= final dimension on the axis selected (distance between the starting
point and the bottom of the cavity, positive value)
H,h= Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the 1
sparking distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
E,e= setting in the technology table
RET= forces the tool to retract to its position at the start of the cycle when
the operation is terminated

•USR must always be greater than H,- 0.199

•Plunge (DOWN) is included in the cycle.

Z
Workpiece
Z
Starting point Workpiece
X
X

Y ANG Z +
Workpiece

ANG X - Penetration
vector

L Bottom of cavity

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2: GOTO/C,360-20
3: ISOG3D/ANGX,20,ANGZ,25,USR,0.2,STEP,3,L,15,H,-0.199,E,323
4: ISOG3D/H,-0.150,E,303
.
.
.
7: ISOG3D/STEP,6,H,-0.025,E,243,RET
8: END

Proform

7.34 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Machining modes

ANGUL Angle locked

This instruction can be used with EXPAN, ORB, CONE and SPHER.

Syntax ANGUL/A,a<,B,b>
ANGUL/OFF
A,a= Angle locked between 0 and 360° with respect to the axis that follows
the principal axis.
B,b= value of the angle to be machined (default b=180°).

Example
A,0 indicates the +X direction if the principal axis is Z (axis sequence is: XYZXY
etc. )

Y Z X

A A A
Z X X Y Y Z

1447

Principal axis (work axis)

•The modifier ANGUL does not result in movement but modifies the translation
operation that follows it.
•It can be cancelled with ANGUL/OFF.
•ANGUL mode can be used to correct angles by increasing orbital translation for
ORB, EXPAN, CONE and SPHER.
•The initial radius must always be zero.

90° = B

45°

225° A

Example

;;;;
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10 31
2:DOWN/L,-13,H,-0.5,E,323
3:ORB/L,-13,H,-0.05,RET
4:ANGUL/A,45,B,90 10
5:DOWN/L,-13,H,-0.5

;;;;
6:ORB/L,-13,H,-0.05,RET 32
7:ANGUL/A,225,B,90 13
8:DOWN/L,-13,H,-0.5
9:ORB/L,-13,H,-0.05,RET
10:ANGUL/OFF Proform
11:END

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.35

 SPIN Spindle rotation

DIR
Syntax SPIN/ ,S,s
REV
DIR= clockwise rotation seen from Z positive
REV= counterclockwise rotation
S,s= speed in rpm 0 S 100 rpm

•SPIN/DIR,S,0 or SPIN/REV,S,0; rotation stops but the axis does not resume its
reference. It remains in SPIN mode.
•SPIN/OFF; rotation stops and the axis resumes its reference. If aborted, the C
reference is lost.
•The end of program stops rotation of the C axis. To exit this mode a SPIN/OFF
command must be used in the program

50
0

5 10 20
80

Z-3

5 Z-2
10

Z-4 10

Z-1

Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2:GOTO/X,50,Y,-80
3:COORD/INCR
4:GOTO/X,5,Y,5
5:SPIN/DIR,S,10
6:VECT/Z,-1-1+0.05,E,323
7:VECT/X,30,Y,10,Z,-3
8:VECT/X,-20,Z,2
9:VECT/Y,10,Z,-1 Electrode Ø4.9
10:VECT/X,-10,Y,-20,Z,2
11:VECT/Z,10
12:GOTO/X,-5,Y,-5
13:COORD/ABS
14:GOTO/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
Proform 15:SPIN/OFF
16:END 1450

7.36 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

RETRACT/NORMAL Retract along path

Syntax RETRACT/NORMAL

•Retract along the tool path (default)

RETRACT/AXIAL Retract along machining axis

Syntax RETRACT/AXIAL,R,r
R,r= Retraction distance on the machining axis

• R is not signed (+ or -). Retraction is carried out automatically in the opposite

direction to the first machining operation following the RETRACT command.

1
Z+
2

r 3

4 Y+ X+
5

1458

• The first machining operation following "RETRACT/AXIAL,R,r" must of necessity be

DOWN or LINE. Its actual movement will be "r".
• Only DOWN, LINE, ARC and VECT can be used by a RETRACT/AXIAL.
• RETRACT/AXIAL can be used with all the non 3D cycles.

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.37

 RETRACT/POINT Retract to the current point

Description
Retract to the last point programmed before the RETRACT/POINT command.
Retraction always occurs in a straight line to the point. RETRACT/POINT cannot be
used with movements around the C axis.

Note
Anti-collision protection is inactive during a RETRACT/POINT instruction. There is a
great risk of destroying the electrode/workpiece if the point is incorrectly located.

Point

Retraction path

Collision zone

Proform

7.38 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Auxiliary functions

AXE Select principal machining axis

Y
Syntax Axis/ X
Z

•Required for the following operations and cycles: GOAX, DOWN, EXPAN, ORB,
CONE, SPHER, SQAR, DIAG, ISOG and PYR.
•The values L,I and H,h refer to the active main axis.
The main axis is modal.
•At the start of a program, the main axis defaults to Z.

1451

;;
2:AXE/X
Y

Example using ORB and ANGUL

1:FROM/X,-15,Y,0,Z,0

3:DOWN/L,12-(30-29)/2,E,323
4:ORB/L,12,H,-0.05,RET
5:ANGUL/A,45,B,90
6:DOWN/L,12-(30-29)/2
7:ORB/L,12,H,-0.05,RET
etc...
29
;;
;; 15
30

12
X

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.39

 COORD Coordinate and units of measure

ABS
INCR
Syntax COORD/ INCH
METR
ABS= the values of X,Y,Z,C,I, and L are relative to the part system origin.
INCR= the values X,Y,Z,C,I, and L represent movement in relation to the
previous position.

Note
In absolute coordinate mode C-axis movements are executed to a point specified
by the absolute value of the C coordinate. The sign simply indicates the direction
of rotation used to reach this point (- for clockwise movement, + for
counterclockwise movement).
10 16

X
X=0 10 26
Examples
1:FROM/X,0 1:FROM/X,0
2:COORD/ABS 2:COORD/INCR
3:GOTO/X,10 3:GOTO/X,10
4:GOTO/X,26 4:GOTO/X,16
5:END 5:END

INCH= numerical values assigned to X,Y,Z,C,L,H,I, and R are expressed in

inches (1inch = 25.4 mm).
METR= numerical values are expressed in millimeters.
Note
ABS and METR are the default settings.

DELAY Pause

Syntax DELAY/t
t= length in seconds of the delay between two commands.
10 ms t 8 . 10 6 seconds
•Machining conditions are unchanged.
•This command can, for example, be used to continue machining for a certain
period of time after arriving at a final dimension in order to properly finish a cavity,
or interrupt machining to clean the machining zone.

Example N° 1 Example N° 2
1:FROM/X,0,Y, 0,Z,10 1:FROM/X,0,Y, 0,Z,10
2:AXE/Z 2:AXE/Z
3:DOWN/L,-10,H,-0.2,E,3233:DOWN/L,-10,H,-0.2,E,323
4:DELAY/10 4:GOAX/L,1 ; Retract electrode
5:GOAX/L,1 5:FLUSH/LA,3 ; Start flushing
6:END 6:DELAY/15
7:FLUSH/LA.1 ; Stop flushing
8:DOWN/L,-20,H,-0.2,E,303
9:GOAX/L,1
Proform 10:FLUSH/LA,3
11:etc...

7.40 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

TOOL Change tool

Syntax TOOL/t><,MOF><,R><,MAN>
< >= optional
t= number of the electrode in the changer and position of the correction
values for the electrode in the OFFSET table (SETTINGS mode).
MAN= Used to manually change an electrode when the message "E696
Change electrode" is displayed.

•If there is no electrode changer, the TOOL command causes the head to move up and
stops the program (message "E696 Change electrode"). After restarting the program,
the electrode will return to the position it occupied before the TOOL command
occurred, as shown by the workpieces display. The machine displays are corrected.
•When using an electrode changer, the TOOL command causes the current electrode to
be removed in place, finds a new electrode t and returns it to the previous position
corrected by the value that appears in the offset table (depending on the t number).
•If t=0, the electrode is removed (assuming the machine has a changer) and the
machine returns the electrode to its prior position, but without the offset.
•Offset is still in effect at the end of the program (END). To cancel the offset, it must be
done explicitly by programming a TOOL/0 command before the END statement.
•If a tool change is stopped during execution and then cancelled, the Z axis will
automatically move to the Z clearance height (the other axes do not move). If this
movement is also stopped and subsequently cancelled, Z will remain where it is.
•TOOL is considered the start of a cycle and prevents not only a forced retract but
electrode withdrawal while the program is stopped.

Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0
2:TOOL/2 ; Remove electrode and insert
; electrode 2
3:VECT/Z -10,E,323
4:TOOL/4 ; Remove electrode 2 and insert electrode 4
5:VECT/Y,3
6:END

FLUSH Flushing

Syntax FLUSH/<,El,m><,LL,m><,LR,m><,PA,m><,PBm><,PU,m><,MU,m,
CV,c><,ON/OFF/WAIT>

<EL> injection through the electrode

<LL> left lateral injection
<LR> right lateral injection
<PA> injection through the part
<PU> pulsed injection
<MU,m,CV,c> Injection in cavity c
<ON validation of injections and suction
OFF stopping of all injections and suction
WAIT> putting on hold, return of injections and suction active
in machining
m flushing mode
c number of cavity
Proform
Note :
Availability of parameters is function of machine hardware.

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.41

 Flushing modes (m)

0 Stopped
1 Continuous
2 Pulsed
3 Alternate and pulsed
4 Lateral orbital 0° (except EL and PA)
5 Lateral orbital 90° (except EL and PA)

;; ;;;
Mode 4: Orbital 0 degrees

;; Electrode

;;; C

;; ;;;
cavity

A B

Left lateral Right lateral C

nozzle nozzle

1454 1455

;; ;;;
Mode 5: Orbital 90 degrees

;; ;;;
Right lateral nozzle

Electrode
B

;;
Cavité

;;;
C C

Left lateral nozzle

1456 1457

•Machining in zone A: flushing starts from the right lateral nozzle.

•Machining in zone C: flushing stops.
•Machining in zone B: flushing starts from the left lateral nozzle.

Example
1:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,0
2:FLUSH/EL,2
3:VECT/Z,-10,X,5
4:etc...
Proform

7.42 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

ASPIR Suction

Syntax ASPIR/<,PA,m><,MU,m,CV,c><,ON/OFF/WAIT>

<PA> injection through the part

<MU,m,CV,c> Injection in cavity c
<ON validation of injections and suction
OFF stopping of all injections and suction
WAIT> putting on hold, return of injections and suction active
in machining
m flushing mode
c number of cavity

Flushing modes (m)

0 Stopped
1 Continuous
2 Pulsed

Note :
Availability of parameters is function of machine hardware.

FLI Injector pressure (FO 2400)

Syntax FLI/p

P= Injector pressure

FLA Pressure drop (FO 2400)

Syntax FLA/p

P= drop

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.43

 AUXF Fonctions auxiliaires

Syntax AUXF/m

m = numerical code used for identifying the auxiliary functions

Auxiliary functions available

m Description

13 Blocking of C axis

14 Unblocking of C axis

16 Manual electrode change

17 External electrode change

22 Tank filling

23 Tank emptying

24 Suspension of machining protection for 30 (s)

25 Suspension of machining protection for 2 (min)

26 Suspension of machining protection for 8 (min)

27 Normal machining protection

28 Technological pulse speed (setting)

29 Programmed pulse speed (parameter VPULS)

50 Slow retraction on short circuit

51 Fast retraction on short circuit

52 Automatic strategy in case of difficult machining

53 Stopping in case of difficult machining

54 Pumps enable

55 Pumps disable

59 No stopping in case of diminished machining, max. protection

60 No stopping in case of diminished machining, no protection

61 SPAC enable

62 SPAC disable

65 Raising of tank and protection

66 Lowering of tank and protection

Proform 80 Pulsed output 1

7.44 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

 m Description

81 Pulse output 2

82 Pulse output 3

83 Pulse output 4

87 Stored output 1 enable

88 Stored output 1 disable

89 Stored output 2 enable

90 Stored output 2 disable

91 Validation of remote warning

92 Clear validation of remote warning

93 Set remote warning

94 Clear remote warning

101 à 108 Set output bit

111 à 118 Clear output bit

121 à 128 Pulse on output

131 à 138 Output with wait for input acknowledgement

141 à 148 Wait for input

209 Rapid lubrication enable

250 Simulates end of input of functions 141-148

This function is accepted on suspension of a program

•These auxiliary functions enable users to create their own automated programs such
as an alarm at the end of machining, enabled by AUXF/87 and disabled by
AUXF/88.
•These functions can be accessed with the plug X52 on the rear door of the NC.

Proform

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.45

 TECHNO Select a technology table

Syntax TECHNO/F,<name><,INV>

<name>= name of the technology file

<INV>= reverse polarity between the electrode and workpiece

•This file must be stored in memory (MEM:) with the extension .TEC.
•This instruction corresponds to the TEC command but can only be used in the part
program in which it appears.
•TECHNO/F,INV is identical to TECHNO/F used with the parameter inv=1 on the
generator page.

Example
1:TECHNO/F,UCUAC
2:FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
3:AXE/Z
4:DOWN/L,-20,E,263,RET
5:END

Proform

7.46 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

Contouring

LINE Linear machining path

X,x,Y,y
Syntax LINE/ Y,y,Z,z <,L,l><,H,h><,E,e>
Z,z,X,x
Drawing
•Shows a contouring segment with the attributes selected from the parameters page.
•Displays a design showing the contouring mode for a new contour or a change in
contouring mode.

Note
L,l replaces Z when the main machining axis is Z.

ARC Circular machining path

DIR ,X,x,Y,y <,XC,xc,YC,yc>

Syntax ARC/ ,Y,y,Z,z <,YC,yc,ZC,zc>
REV ,Z,z,X,x <,ZC,zc,XC,xc>
Drawing
•Shows a contouring arc with the attributes selected from the parameters page.
•Displays a design showing the contouring mode for a new contour or a change in
contouring mode.

Note
A complete circle (360°) cannot be programmed unless at least two ARC
instructions are used.

MODE Contouring mode

<CONTOUR>
Syntax MODE/ <CONTOUR,TAN>
<NORMAL>

CONTOUR Start contouring mode

CONTOUR,TAN Tangential contouring mode with C-axis indexing
NORMAL End contouring
•The MODE/NORMAL instruction cancels the MODE/CONTOUR and MODE/ Proform
CONTOUR,TAN instructions.

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000 7.47

 GAP Path correction

<,LEFT> <,NOROUND>
Syntax GAP/d <,RIGHT> <,ROUND>
GAP/nomore
•Displays offset number and value in the status table.
•Active during PROFORM EXECUTION simulation, tool corrections are not taken
into account.

Proform

7.48 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 930/E/13.03.2000

ISO Programming

Introduction 8.3

ISO codes and format 8.5

ISO standards used 8.5
List and significance of characters used 8.6
EIA code for punched paper tape 8.6

Rules to be observed when compiling

part-programs 8.7
Introduction 8.7
Definitions and structures 8.8
Vocabulary 8.8
Definition and syntax of a block 8.8
Structure of a program 8.10

Preparatory G functions 8.13

Introduction 8.13
List of preparatory functions «G» 8.14

Words other than G and M 8.53

List of words other than G and M 8.53

Auxiliary M functions 8.55

Introduction 8.55
List of auxiliary M functions 8.56

Definition of M functions (in numerical order) 8.57 Table

ISO of
Optional M functions 8.69 contents
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.1

 ISO
Programming

8.2 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Introduction

This part explains how to compile part-programs from the Charmilles Technologies
S.A. ROBOFORM machine, fitted with numerical control equipment accepting input
data conforming to ISO standards.
This part also provides information for the realisation of a post-processor capable of
producing punched paper tape or magnetic tape according to ISO standards, and
which will be understood by the ROBOFORM machine.
Familiarity with this manual will also be useful to the operator, who may be called
upon to enter supplementary data (offset, etc.) or slight program modifications, when
ISO
starting a machining job. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.3

 ISO
Programming

8.4 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

ISO codes and format

ISO standards used

The format and codes used conform to ISO standards 6983-1 and 6983-2. Some
codes may differ from the norm, since the geometry and special functions of spark
erosion machines are not covered by these standards.
Consequently, except for the definition of certain codes, the structure of program
tapes conforms to ISO standards.
CNM Machine numerical control.
ISO841CNM Nomenclature of axes and movements.
ISO1154 T.1 Punched paper tape.
ISO2806CNM Vocabulary.
ISO1729
ISO646
ISO6983-1CNM Data format for contouring control equipment.
ISO6983-2CNM Program format and address word definitions.

ISO
The latter two standards replace former standards ISO 840, 1056, 1057, 1058,
1059 and 2539. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.5

 List and significance of characters used

Code Description

NUL Null
BS Printer backspace (Backspace)
HT Tabulation (horizontal tabulator)
LF (NL) End of block, line feed (new line)
CR Carriage return
SP Space
% ISO program start (RS358)
( Start of comment
) End of comment
+ Plus
– Minus
. Decimal point
/ Optional deletion of a block
: Block number (replaces N)
DEL Delete
A Angle
B Angle
C C axis position
D Flushing mode
E Machining conditions
F Pause
G Preparatory function
H Under-dimension
I Position of centre of a sphere
J Co-ordinate of centre of an arc
K Helix pitch and co-ordinate of centre of an arc
L Position along working axis
M Auxiliary function
N Block number
P Machining time
Q Cavity number, number of steps
R Radius
S Spindle rotation rate
T Electrode number
U Under-dimension
V Under-dimension
W Block angle direction
X Position along X axis
Y Position along Y axis
Z Position along Z axis
1 Digit
2 Digit
3 Digit
4 Digit
5 Digit
6 Digit
7 Digit
8 Digit
9 Digit

EIA code for punched paper tape

The same ISO characters as in the previous paragraph are used, but these are
punched on tape according to code (EIA-RS 244-A).
The parity bit (odd) is on the 5th track.
ISO Selection of the EIA format for reading of punched paper tape takes place
Programming automatically.

8.6 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Rules to be observed when compiling
part-programs

Introduction

Writing of programs is governed by a number of rules which have been codified on

a world-wide basis by ISO standards.
The program contains all the instructions required for the machine to produce the
part. These instructions appear in a certain number of command lines or blocks.
Each block contains words made up of characters.
To be understood by the machine, a program has to be compiled in accordance
with the rules of syntax of the language used.
Non-observance of these rules will cause sending of an error message and, in some ISO
cases, will stop the machine. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.7

 Definitions and structures

Vocabulary
•Syntax
This is the set of rules which governs the order of the words and the construction of
phrases (blocks) in a language.
•Characters
A character is a unit of information generally representing an alphanumeric symbol.
•Word
A word is a unit of syntax consisting of a character followed, or not, by one or
more digit. This combination defines a function, a dimension or a parameter, etc.
No extraneous space or signs are allowed inside a word.
The main word categories are:
•Preparatory function words, formed by the letter G, which must be followed by one
or two digits defining the type of function. Preparatory functions are instructions
which specify a mode of operation or state of the machine or the control system.
•Auxiliary function words, formed by the letter M, which must be followed by one or
two digits defining the type of function. Auxiliary functions are instructions which
control discontinuous machine or control system functions.
•The dimension words, consisting of a letter followed by a number representing the
dimension for which the letter defines the type.
The dimension words define the extent of displacements or the value of certain
parameters. These are expressed in mm, inches, degrees, etc.
Dimension words may be deleted if there is no change in value from one block to
the next.
The valueless numerical dimension words are the equivalent of dimension words of
null value, example: X = X0.
•Geometrical segment
Path element specified by a segment of a straight line or circle.

Definition and syntax of a block

Syntax diagram

Word other than

/ Block No. word G function M function
G or M function

LF
Optional block End of block

Maximum 80 characters

2010

ISO
Programming

8.8 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Structure
•A block is a line of program.
•Any block constructed by following the arrows of a diagram will be syntactically
correct.
•The order in which the words of a block must appear is:

- the optional block word

- the block number word
- G function words
- words other than G or M function words
- M function words
- the end of block word.
•None of these words is obligatory.
•Comments may be inserted anywhere between words and blocks.
•To facilitate reading of the block, spaces are accepted between words.
•A block cannot contain more than 80 characters (including spaces).

Optional block word Syntax /

The «/» character is placed at the beginning of the block. The blocks preceded by
this character are ignored if the operator demands this from the control system BLD,
1.

Block number word Syntax No. 04 or :04

•The «block number» word is used to identify the blocks of a program.

•The «block number» word consists of the character «N» or the «:» followed by one
to four digits (non-significant zeroes can therefore be deleted).
•No check is performed as to the sequence and uniqueness of the block numbers.
•The «block number» word must be the beginning of the line (if necessary preceded
by an optional block character).

End of block word Syntax LF or CR

•The block must end with the end of block word, represented by character «LF» (line
feed).
•To be read by a teleprinter, the blocks must end in «CR» (carriage return) and «LF».

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.9

 Structure of a program

Syntax diagram

% Start of program word

Block G92 Origin

Displacements and commands

Blocks

M02 End of program word

2011

Start of program word Syntax %

•The start of program word «%» must be the first word of any program.
•This character can be followed by zero to eight digits (without spaces) which are
not read by the machine, but which the user uses to identify the program. The start
of program word is the sole word of the first block.

ISO
Programming

8.10 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 Program Syntax G92

•The program defining the geometry of the part starts with the block containing G92
(origin), which must therefore be placed before the first block describing a
segment. If block G92 is not used, the current machine system origin is taken as
the part-program origin.
•The number of blocks that can be contained in a program is theoretically unlimited.

End of program word Syntax M02

•M02 terminates all operations in progress (machining, movements, flushing, etc.).

Machining cannot be resumed.
•M02 can appear alone or in the last block of the program; this will be effective
after all the other commands have been executed.
•If the part-program forms part of a command program, the next instruction of the
program will be executed automatically.

Comments Syntax (...)

•Comments or remarks are outlined by characters «(«and »)»: the left and right
parenthesis signs. These can occur anywhere in the part-program, either in blocks
with command functions or auxiliary functions, or in a separate block.
•A comment can be inserted between commands and their arguments. Comments
cannot be inserted in the middle of a unit of syntax (word).
Example
N08 (comment) G01XxYz allowed
M08 G01 (comment) XxYy allowed
N08 G (comment) 01XxYy not allowed
N08 G01 X (comment) xYy not allowed

Dimension data input format

Introduction
•Data can be entered using one of the two general formats:
- explicit decimal point, in which the decimal point is written for all numbers.
- implicit decimal point, in which a number of decimal places are assumed
without the decimal point being written.
•Only one of these formats can be used in a given part-program.
•Provided that it is used at the beginning of the program, the first number
representing a dimension encountered in a program will determine the format used.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.11

 Explicit decimal point format
•If the first number representing a dimension in the program contains a decimal
point, the «explicit decimal point» format will be used throughout the program.
•In this format, any number without a decimal point will be considered as an integer
(whole number) (of mm, degrees, minutes, seconds), and a message will be
displayed.
•The number of decimal places after the point is unlimited (but not more than 16
decimals shall be taken into account).

Implicit decimal point format

•If the first number representing a dimension in the program does not contain a
decimal point, the «implicit decimal point» format will be used throughout the
program.
•The implicit format considers by default that numbers are right justified with three
decimal places in the metric mode or four decimal places in the inch mode (G70).
Example
metric mode (G71):
X340 means X = 0.34 mm.
X034 or X34 means X = 0.034 mm.

inch mode (G70):

X1450 means X = 0.145 inch.
X021450 or X21450 means X = 2.145 inches.

ISO
Programming

8.12 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Preparatory G functions

Introduction

Preparatory functions are instructions which specify a machine operating mode or

status or a control system operating mode or status.
The symbol «G» must be followed by a one or two-digit number, specifying a
machine action or condition (the leading zero can be omitted, e.g.: G07 = G7).
There may be several «G» functions in a block, as long as these use the same words
as an argument.
Within a block, all «G» functions must be grouped at the beginning of the line, after
the block number if this is present.
If two «G» functions belonging to the same modal class are on the same line, that
with the larger number will remain in force. «G» functions are executed after «M»
(except M00, M01 and M02).

ISO
Comment
Several exclusive «G» functions cannot be located on the same line. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.13

List of preparatory functions «G»

Code (ISO) Designation (PROFORM) Definition

G00 GOTO Movement without machining

G01 LINE Contouring linear machining path
G02 ARC/DIR Contouring circular machining path
G03 ARC/REV Contouring circular machining path
G04 DELAY Delay (pause)
G05 TANK Tank positioning
G07 GOAX Return to main machining axis along selected axis
G10 VECT Linear machining
G11 DOWN Downfeed machining
G12 EXPAN Plane orbital machining
G13 ORB Orbital machining
G14 CONE Taper machining
G15 SPHER Spherical machining
G17 AXE Z Z axis main machining axis
G18 AXE Y Y axis main machining axis
G19 AXE X X Axis main machining axis
G20 VECT/RET Linear machining and retraction
G21 DOWN/RET Downfeed machining and retraction
G22 EXPAN/RET Plane orbital machining and retraction
G23 ORB/RET Orbital machining and retraction
G24 CONE/RET Taper machining and retraction
G25 SPHER/RET Spherical machining and retraction
G26 SQAR Square movement machining at any angle
G27 SQAR/RET Square movement machining at any angle, with retraction
G28 DIAG Diagonal movement machining at any angle
G29 DIAG/RET Diagonal movement machining at any angle, with retraction
G30 MODE/NORMAL Contouring mode (exit)
G31 MODE/CONTOUR Contouring mode (entry)
G32 MODE/CONTOUR TANGENCIEL Contouring mode (tangential)
G37 FLA Multi-cavity suction
G38 ASPIR/PA Vacuum pressure
G39 ASPIR/MU Suction through part
G40 GAP/NOMORE Contouring, offset cancellation
G41 GAP/LEFT Contouring left offset
G42 GAP/RIGHT Contouring, right offset
G45 GAP/NOROUND Contouring, no outside angle round-off
G46 GAP/ROUND Contouring, outside angle round-off
G50 MODE/NORMAL End of contouring
G51 ANGUL ANGUL mode specifications (movement locked)
G52 ANGUL/OFF ANGUL mode cancellation
G60 RETRACT/NORMAL Retraction along trajectory
G61 RETRACT/AXIAL Retraction along machining axis
G64 RETRACT/POINT Retract to current point
G67 HELIC/DIR Helical machining (anti-clockwise)
G68 HELIC/REV Helical machining (clockwise)
G70 COORD/INCH Entry unit, inch
G71 COORD/METR Entry unit, metric
G73 FLI Injection pressure
G74 FLUSH/PB Flushing through part
G75 FLUSH/LR Right flushing
G76 FLUSH/EL Flushing through electrode
G77 FLUSH/LL Left flushing
G78 FLUSH/PA Flushing through part
G79 FLUSH/MU Multicavity flushing
G80 PYR Pyramidal translation machining along any angle
G81 PYR/RET Pyramidal translation machining along any angle with
retraction
G82 ISOG Spherical translation machining
G83 ISO ISOG/RET Spherical translation machining with retraction
Programming

8.14 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 Code (ISO) Designation (PROFORM) Definition

G84 ORB3D Orbital translation machining in space

G85 ORB3D/RET Orbital translation machining in space with retraction
G86 SQAR3D Square translation machining in space
G87 SQAR3D/RET Square translation machining in space with retraction
G88 ISOG3D Spherical translation machining in space
G89 ISOG3D/RET Spherical translation machining in space with retraction
G90 COORD/ABS Absolute co-ordinate mode
G91 COORD/INCR Incremental co-ordinate mode
G92 FROM Position definition

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.15

 G00 Movement without machining

Syntax G00<Xx><Yy><Zz><Cc><Rr>
<> optional

Definition
Linear interpolation of 4 simultaneous axes up to specified position (X, Y, Z and C).
When associated with a C axis displacement, Rr indicates the maximum radius of
the electrode with respect to its centre.

Note
<Rr> does not modify the geometry but improves the "C" axis servo.

PROFORM equivalent :
GOTO /<X,x><,Y,y><,Z,z><,C,c><,R,r>

339

+Z
+C

-C +Y

-X +X

-Y
-Z
10
Z=0 1

X=0

20

Y=0 4
Example
%
N00G92XYZ10000C
N10G00X20000Y-4000Z20000C90000
N20XYZ10000C
N30M02
340

ISO
Programming

8.16 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G01 Contouring linear machining path

Syntax G01<LL><Hh><Xx><Zz><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
Contouring linear machining path.

PROFORM equivalent :
X,x,Y,y (Si G17)
Line/ Y,y,Z,z (Si G19) ,L,l,H,h,E,e
Z,z,X,x (Si G18)

Note
L,l replaces Z when the main machining axis is Z.

G02 Contouring circular machining path

Syntax G02<Xx><Yy><Zz><Ll><Hh><Ii><Jj><Kk><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
Anti-clockwise circular machining path.

Comment
Programming of a complete circle (360°) is possible only if instruction ARC is
used at least twice.

PROFORM equivalent :
,X,x,Y,y (Si G17)
ARC/DIR ,Y,y,Z,z (Si G19) ,L,l,H,h,E,e
,Z,z,X,x (Si G18)

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.17

 G03 Contouring circular machining path

Syntax G03<Xx><Yy><Zz><Ll><Hh><Ii><Jj><Kk><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
Clockwise circular machining path.

Comment
Programming of a complete circle (360°) is possible only if instruction ARC is
used at least twice.

PROFORM equivalent:
,X,x,Y,y (Si G17)
ARC/REV ,Y,y,Z,z (Si G19) ,L,l,H,h,E,e
,Z,z,X,x (Si G18)

G04 Delay (pause)

Syntax G04Ff

Definition
Can, for example, be used to continue machining for a certain period after arriving
at the dimension, so as to complete a cavity or interrupt work to clean the machining
area.

Comment
The pause time is expressed in seconds.

PROFORM equivalent :
Delay/t

Example
%
N100G04F60000 (1 minute pause)
N110G00X (return to X = 0)

ISO
Programming

8.18 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G05 Tank positioning

Syntax G05Hh
Hh Position or movement in height of collapsible tank.

Comments
Hh is the tank position if G90 «COORD ABS» is active and movement G91 is
active. Hh is expressed in mm or inches depending on mode indicator G71 or
G70.

PROFORM equivalent :
TANK/H,h

G07 Return to main machining axis along selected axis

Syntax G07 <Ll>

<> optional

Definition
Movement comparable to G00 but along the working axis. The working axis must
be defined beforehand (by default, G17) without parameters, G07 (Ll) is used to
cancel off-centre after G12, G13 and G14.

Comment
The electrical touch is always off with G07.

PROFORM equivalent :
GOAX/<L,l>

+Z
+C

-C +Y

-X +X

Z=0 10

-Y
-Z

Example X=0

% 20
N10G92XYZ10000
N20G19 (working axis)
N30G07L20000 Y=0
N40G07L0
N50M02
ISO
1424
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.19

 G10 Linear machining
G20 Linear machining and retraction

Syntax G10<Xx><Yy><Zz><Cc><Rr><Pp><Ee>
G20<Xx><Yy><Zz><Cc><Rr><Pp><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
Linear interpolation with machining along the four axes simultaneously, up to the
point defined by XxYyZzCc. At the end of the operation, G20 forces retraction to
the start of the cycle.

Comment
After G10, the initial radius of the next operation is considered as null.

PROFORM equivalent :
VECT/<X,x><,Y,y><,Z,z><,C,c><,R,r><,P,p><,E,e> ( add <, RET> for G20)

1664

;;;;
AA
31.9

10

;;;;
8

Ø32
Example
%
Comment
N10G92XYZ10000C
In this example, the N20G20Z-7950E323
radial gap with E323 N30G10Z50C-90000R16000
is 0.05. N40G00Z10000C
N50M02
1425

ISO
Programming

8.20 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G11 Downfeed machining
G21 Downfeed machining and retraction

Syntax G11LL<Hh><Pp><Ee>
G21LL<Hh><Pp><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
At the end of the operation, G11 and G21 force retraction to the start of the cycle.
The working axis must be defined beforehand (G17 by default, G18, G19).

PROFORM equivalent :
DOWN/Ll <H,h><,E,e><,P,p> (add <,RET> for G21)

1664 1423

No RET RET

Example
;;;;
;;;;
10

20
Z=0

Comment
%
N10G92XYZ10000 In this example, the
N20G17 (working axis Z) radial gap with E323
N30G21L-19950E323 is 0.05.
N40M02
1425

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.21

 G12 Plane orbital machining
G22 Plane orbital machining and retraction

Syntax G12Rr<Pp><Ee>
G22<Pp><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
Plane orbital machining from initial radius provided by the previous operation,
gradually increasing up to the final radius. At the end of the operation, G22 forces
retraction to the start of the cycle.

Comment
With G12, the operation ends on the last orbit, by-default working axis G17.

PROFORM equivalent :
EXPAN/R,r<,E,e><,P,p> (add <,RET> for G22).

343

No RET RET

;;;;
Ø32

;;;;
Ø34
19

Ø52
Example
Comment %
In this example, the N10G92XYZ10000
radial gap with E323 N20G17 (working axis: Z)
is 0.05. N30G11L-18950E323
N40G22R9950E323
N50M02 344

ISO
Programming

8.22 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G13 Orbital machining
G23 Orbital machining and retraction

Syntax G13LL<Hh><Pp><Ee>
G23LL <Hh><Pp><Ee>
<> optional

Definition
Orbital machining at 45° around the predefined working axis; the initial radius is
provided by the previous operation. At the end of the operation, G23 forces
retraction to the start of the cycle. The working axis must be defined beforehand (by
default G17, G18, G19).

Comment
The maximum off-centre radius is 32 mm. With G13, the operation terminates
on the last orbit. The electrode moves to 45° from the start of the movement.

PROFORM equivalent :
ORB/L,l<,H,h><,E,e><,P,p> (add <,RET> for G23).

341

;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
L-H

45° 45°

G13 G23 G23

with initial radius

;;;;
19

;;;;
10

Example
12

Comment
% In this example, the
N10G92XYZ10000 20
N20G11L-115000E323 radial gap with E323
N30G23L-11950E323 is 0.05.
N40M02
342

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.23

 G14 Taper machining
G24 Taper machining and retraction

Syntax G14Ll<Hh><Aa><Ee><Pp>
G24Ll<Hh><Aa><Ee><Pp>
<> optional

Definition
Tapered machining angle Aa with respect to the working axis (in successive orbits
around this axis); the initial radius is provided by the previous operation. At the end
of the operation, G24 forces retraction to the start of the cycle. The working axis
must be defined beforehand (by default G17, G18, G19).

Comment
If there is no ∝ or Aa, G14 and G24 define a cylinder of radius equal to the
radius provided by the previous operation. The taper length must not exceed
the initial radius/tan ∝.

∝
a>0 ∝
a<0
∝
a ∝
a

Machining direction Machining direction

1670

PROFORM equivalent :
CONE/Ll<,H,h><,A,a><,E,e><,P,p><,RET>

ISO
Programming

8.24 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 ;;;;
1667 1668

L-H
A

G14 G14

;;;;
23.9

10

;;;;
12°
24

Example 1
(open upward taper)
%
N10G92XYZ10000 24
N20G17 (working axis)
N30G11L-23950E323
N40G14L1000A12000E323
N50G07
N60M02
1669

Comment
In this example, the radial gap with E323 is 0.05.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.25

 1671

;;;;
23

10
;;;;
12°

24
24 1672

Example 2
(upward open taper with initial translation)
%
N10G92XYZ10000
N20G17 (working axis Z)
N30G11L-23950E323
N40G12R450E323
N50G14L1000A12000E323
N60G07
N70M02

Comment
In this example, the radial gap with E323 is 0.05.

ISO
Programming

8.26 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 1673

19

;;;;13
10
15

15°

Example 3 20
(downward open taper with initial translation)
%
N10G92XYZ10000
1438
N20G17 (working axis Z)
N30G07L-13000
N40G12R450E323
N50G24L-28000A15000E323
N60G07L10000
N70M02

Comments
Machining is performed by the top of the electrode.
In this example, the radial gap with E323 is 0.05.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.27

 1675

;;;;
Ø 23

10
;;;;
Ø24

28
1676

Example 4
(cylindrical machining with initial translation)
%
N10G92XYZ10000
N20G17 (working axis Z)
N30G12R450E323
N40G24L-28000H-50
N50M02

Comment
In this example, the radial gap with E323 is 0.05.

ISO
Programming

8.28 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G15 Spherical machining
G25 Spherical machining and retraction

Syntax G15LlHhIiRr<Ee>

;;;
G25LlHhIiRr<Ee>
<> optional

;;;
Definition
Spherical machining in variable off-centre successive plane orbits, along the
r>0
generatrix of the sphere around the working axis. At the end of the operation, G25
forces retraction to the start of the cycle. The working axis must be defined

;;;
beforehand (G17, G18 and G19). The electrode position is defined with respect to
its mid-plane. Machining of the sphere is possible only if it is tangent to the open
surface of the part. In such cases, a position to be reached (POS) must be
programmed and corrected by 1 µm so that the sphere is secant to the open surface
of the part. Operation G15 or G25 must be preceded by a G12Rr to machine the r<0
shape up to the entry diameter (D1) of the sphere, with: 1677

r = (D1 - electrode diameter)/2 + (R2-AX)

R2 = electrode rounding radius
AX = (R2 + GAP)2 - AZ2
AZE = (R2 + GAP) . DE
RR
AZS = (R2 + GAP).DS 1442

RR
DE/DS = distance,
always positive, between
the plane of entry and the
sphere centre.

Before operation G12,

the electrode must be
positioned with respect to
the working axis, to
± AZE to the plane of
entry to enable tangential
blending of the radii of
D1: entry dia.
the sphere and the

;;;;;
electrode. The final
D2: Electrode dia.
dimension L1 of the
sphere must also be C
Plane of Mid-plane
corrected for ± AZE/

;;;;;
entry
AZS. The sign of ± AZE/ R2
AZS is determined by the
DE

following rule:
I

C)
R (R
L

- Concave sphere: AZE/

;;;;;
RR
AZS must move the
electrode towards the
DS

centre of the sphere.

- Convex sphere: AZE/
AZS must move the
electrode away from the 1443
centre of the sphere.
ISO
PROFORM equivalent :
SPHER/L,l,<,H,h><,I,i><,R,r><,E,e>,<,RET>
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.29

 ; The median plane of the electrode and the
; plane of entry of the sphere are at Z = 0
D1=46; entry diameter
D2=25; electrode diameter
II=-15; centre co-ordinates (along Z)
DE=15; entry distance (always positive)
DS=23; exit distance
RR=27; sphere final radius
R2=2; electrode rounding radius
R1=R2+GAP; replace «GAP» by its real value
(in this example 0.05)
RC=RR-R1; radius of sphere described by point C of
the electrode
POSI=-38 position to be reached
AZE=(R1*DE)/RR Entry approach along Z
AZS=(R1*DS)/RR Exit approach along Z
AX=SQR(R1*R1-AZ*AZ) Entry approach along X

;;;;
46
AX
AZ

4
Z=0

;;;;
RC R2
DE

15
7
=2
RR

23
25

1444

Example 1 (concave sphere)

%
N10G92XYZ4000
N20G11L-1139E323 (downfeed to - AZE)
N30G12R10795 (plane orbit to (D1-D2)/2 + R2 - AX)
N40G25L-36254I-15000R24950 (L=POSI+AZS,I=11,R=RC,RET)

Comment
Radial spark gap E = 0.05 mm.

ISO
Programming

8.30 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 ; The median plane of the electrode and the
; plane of entry of the sphere are at Z = 0
D1=51; entry diameter
D2=25; electrode diameter
II=-22; centre co-ordinates (along Z)
DE=22; entry distance (always positive)
DS=22; exit distance
RR=27; sphere final radius
R2=2; electrode rounding radius
R1=R2+GAP; replace «GAP» by its real value
(in this example 0.05)
RC=-(RR+R1); radius of sphere described by point C of
the electrode
POSI=-44; position to be reached
AZE=(R1*DE)/RR; Entry approach along Z
AZS=(R1*DS)/RR; Exit approach along Z
AX=SQR(R1*R1-AZ*AZ); Entry approach along X

51

;;;;;
AZ R2 4

Z=0

;;;;;
AX
7
22

=2
RR RC

25
22
DE

1445

Example 2 (convex sphere)

%
N10G92XYZ4000
N20G11L1670E323 (downfeed to - AZE)
N30G12R13811 (plane orbit to (D1-D2)/2 + R2 - AX)
N40G25L-45670I-22000R-29050 (L=POSI-AZS,I=II, R=RC,RET)
N50M02

Comment
Radial spark gap E = 0.05 mm.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.31

 G17 Z axis main machining axis
G18 Y axis main machining axis
G19 X Axis main machining axis

Syntax G17
G18
G19
Definition
First choice of mandatory main machining axis with some functions (machining
cycles). G17 (Z axis) is accepted by default at the start of a program.

PROFORM equivalent:
/Z
AXE /Y
/X

1451

;;
;;
X

;;
Y
X
29
30
Example (with G23 and G51)
% 15 12
N10G92X-15000YZ
N20G19 (working axis X)
N30G11L-11500E323 1452
N40G23L-11950E323
N50G51W45000B90000
N60G11L-11500E323
N70G23L-11950E323
etc.

ISO
Programming

8.32 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G26 Square movement machining at any angle
G27 Square movement machining at any angle, with retraction

Syntax G26<Uu><Vv><Aa>LL<Hh><Ee>
G27<Uu><Vv><Aa>LL<Hh><Ee>
<> optional
LL final dimension along axis
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ee setting number in setting table
Uu X' radial sub-dimension
Vv Y' radial sub-dimension
Aa X' and Y' reference angle for machining with respect to machine X
and Y axes (by default, A = 0)

Comment
Can be used with G17, G18 and G19, but G92 must be used. Downfeed
G11 or G21 included in cycle. Reference angle (Aa) is negative when
clockwise. Uu and Vv must be greater than H.

PROFORM equivalent :
SQAR/<USRX,usrx><USRY,usry><,ANG,ang>,L,l<,H,h><,E,e>
(add <,RET> for G27)

Z
ANG +
Y' Y Y X

Vv Uu Vv
X

Aa
X'

L
Uu X
USR
ANG -
1472

Note:
SQAR orbital is not possible in ISO.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.33

 G28 Diagonal movement machining at any angle
G29 Diagonal movement machining at any angle, with retraction

Syntax G28<Uu><Vv><Aa>HhEe
G29<Uu><Vv><Aa>LLHhEe
<>= optional
LL final dimension along selected axis
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ee setting number in setting table
Uu X' radial sub-dimension
Vv Y' radial sub-dimension
Aa X' and Y' reference angle for machining with respect to machine X
and Y axes (by default, ANG = 0)

Comment
Can be used with G17, G18 and G19, but G92 must be used. G11 or G21
included in cycle. Reference angle (Aa) is negative when clockwise. Uu and Vv
must be greater than H.

PROFORM equivalent :
DIAG7<USRX,usrx><,USRY,usry><,ANG,ang>,L,l,<,H,h><,E,e>
(add <,RET> for G29)

ANG +
Y' Y Y X

X Vv Uu Vv

Aa
X'

L
Uu
ANG -

1463

ISO
Programming

8.34 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G30 Contouring mode (exit)
G31 Contouring mode (entry)
G32 Contouring mode (tangential)

Syntax G30 PROFORM equivalent : Mode/Normal

G31 Mode/contour
G32 Mode/contour, TAN

Definition
G30 is used to quit the contouring mode.
G31 is used to enter the contouring mode.
G32 is used to enter the tangential contouring mode by indexing the C axis.

Comment
Instruction G30 cancels G31 and G32.

G37 Vacuum pressure (FO 2400)

Syntax G37Pp
Pp Vacuum pressure

PROFORM equivalent :
FLA/p

G38 Suction through part

Syntax G38Dd
Dd Suction

PROFORM equivalent :
ASPIR/PA,d

Comment
Might not be available on some machines.

G39 Multi-cavity suction (FO 2400)

Syntax G39DdQq
Dd Suction
Qq cavity number
ISO
PROFORM equivalent :
ASPIR/MU,d,CV,q Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.35

 G40 Contouring, offset cancellation

Syntax G40

PROFORM equivalent :
GAP/NOMORE

G41 Contouring left offset

Syntax G41Dd
Dd offset number

PROFORM equivalent :
GAP/d,LEFT

G42 Contouring, right offset

Syntax G42Dd
Dd offset number

PROFORM equivalent :
GAP/d,RIGHT

G45 Contouring, no outside angle round-off

Syntax G45

PROFORM equivalent :
GAP/NOROUND

G46 Contouring, outside angle round-off

Syntax G46

PROFORM equivalent :
GAP/ROUND
ISO
Programming

8.36 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G50 End of contouring

Syntax G50

PROFORM equivalent :
MODE/NORMAL

Comment
Identical to G30.

G51 ANGUL mode specifications (movement locked)

Syntax G51WwBb
Ww locking angle (A) 0 to 360° with respect to axis following main axis.
Bb value of angle to be machined (by default, B = 180°)

Y Z X

A A A
Z X X Y Y Z

Main axis (working axis)

1447

Comments
Indicates direction +X is main axis is Z (axis sequence: XYZXY, etc.).
Modifier G51 does not generate any movement, but modifies the next
movement.
This is cancelled by G52.
Mode G51 is used to correct the angles by increasing orbital movement for
G12, G22, G13, G23, G14, G24, G15 and G25.
The initial radius must be zero.

PROFORM equivalent :
ANGUL/A,a,B,b.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.37

 345

90° = B

45°

225° A

;;;;
31

10

;;;;
Ø32
13

Example
346
%
N10G92XYZ10000 (working axis Z)
N20G11L-12500E323
N30G23L-12950
N40G51W45000B90000
N50G11L-12500E323
N60G23L-12950
N70G51W225000B90000
N80G11L-12500E323
N90G23L-12950
N100G52
N110M02

ISO
Programming

8.38 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G52 ANGUL mode cancellation

Syntax G52

PROFORM equivalent :
ANGUL/OFF

G60 Retraction along trajectory

Syntax G60

PROFORM equivalent :
RETRACT/NORMAL

Comment
By default, at start of program

G61 Retraction along machining axis

Syntax G61Rr
Rr retraction distance along main machining axis used

Definition
Return to main machining axis before retraction along path which is the reverse of
the machining cycle used.
R does not have a sign (+ or -). Retraction takes place automatically in the opposite
direction to the first machining operation following command RETRACT.

Comment
The first machining operation after G61 must be G01, G11 or G21. The
actual movement will
be > R. G61 is usable
with all machining
cycles except G84,
G85, G86, G87, G88
and G89, the
1
machining axes of Z+
which are defined in 2
space.
r 3

PROFORM equivalent :
RETRACT/AXIAL,R,r. 4 Y+ X+
5

ISO
Programming
1458

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.39

 G64 Retract to current point

Syntax G64

Definition
Retraction to last point programmed prior to command G64. All retractions are
made in a straight line to the point. G64 cannot be used with movements along the
C axis.

Comment
The anti-collision safety feature is obviously inactive during instruction 64; risk
of destruction of the electrode/part pair is high if the «point» is badly located.

PROFORM equivalent :
RETRACT/POINT.

G67 Helical machining (anti-clockwise)

G68 Helical machining (clockwise)

Syntax G67Zz<Hh>Kk<Rr><Ee><Pp>
G67Zz<Hh>Kk<Rr><Ee><Pp>
Zz final dimension along Z axis
Kk no helix in Z axis units per revolution of C axis
Rr maximum radial machining distance with respect to the centre of the
electrode (does not alter geometry, but improves machining stability)
Ee setting number in technology table
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Pp time in minutes setting maximum machining time

Definition
only possible working axis: Z

PROFORM equivalent :
DIR,
HELIC/ Z,z,<,H,h>,K,k<,R,r><,E,e><,P,p><,RET>
REV,

ISO
Programming

8.40 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 1681

;;;;
;;;;
10

20

Example
%
N10G92XAZ10000
N20G67Z-23000K3000R20000E323
N30M02
1446

G70 Entry unit, inch

G71 Entry unit, metric

Syntax G70
G71

PROFORM equivalent :
COORD/INCH
COORD/METR

Comment
In numerical value format before implicit decimal point, G71 (metric) implies 3
decimal places; G70 (inches) implies 4 decimal places.

Example : G70X12000 signifies X =1.2 inches

G71X12000 signifies X = 12 mm

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.41

 G73 Injection pressure (FO 2400)

Syntax G73Pp
Pp injection pressure in bars (max. 2)

PROFORM equivalent :
FLI/P

G74 Flushing through part

Syntax G74Dd

PROFORM equivalent :
FLUSH/PB,d

Comment
The flushing modes are described in function G75.

G75 Right flushing

Syntax G75Dd
Dd flushing mode

PROFORM equivalent :
FLUSH/LR,d

Flushing modes
0 off
1 continuous
2 pulsed
3 alternating and pulsed
4 orbital lateral 0° (except EL and PA)
5 orbital lateral 90° (except EL and PA)

Note :
Might not be available on some machines.

ISO
Programming

8.42 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 ;; ;;;
Mode 4: orbital 0°

;; ;;; Cavity C

;; ;;;
Electrode

A B

Left nozzle Right nozzle

C

1454 1455

Mode 5: orbital 90°

•Machining in area A: flushing on through right nozzle

;; ;;;
•Machining in area C: flushing off
•Machining in area B: flushing on through left nozzle

;; ;;;
Right nozzle

Electrode
B

;; ;;;
Cavity

C C

Left nozzle
1456 1457

G76 Flushing through electrode

Syntax G76Dd
Dd Flushing mode

PROFORM equivalent :
FLUSH/EL,d

Comment ISO
For flushing modes, see function G75. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.43

 G77 Left flushing

Syntax G77Dd
Dd Flushing mode

PROFORM equivalent :
FLUSH/Ll,d

Comment
For flushing modes, see function G75.

G78 Flushing through part

Syntax G78Dd
Dd Flushing mode

PROFORM equivalent :
FLUSH/PA,d

Comment
The flushing modes are described in function G75.

G79 Multicavity flushing

Syntax G79DdQq
Dd Flushing mode
Qq cavity number

PROFORM equivalent :
FLUSH/MU,d,CV,q

Comment
The flushing modes are described in function G75.
Available as option.

ISO
Programming

8.44 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G80 Pyramidal translation machining along any angle
G81 Pyramidal translation machining along any angle with retraction

Syntax G80UuVvAaLl<HhEe>
G81UuVvAaLl<HhEe>
<> optional
Ll final dimension along selected axis
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ee setting number in technology table
Uu radial sub-dimension along X'
Vv radial sub-dimension along Y'
Aa X' and Y' reference angle for machining with respect to the machine
X and Y axis (by default A = 0).

Definition
Uu and Vv must be greater than H.
Usable for G17, G18 and G19, with G92XYZ10000 mandatory.
Downfeed G11 included in cycle.
Reference angle Aa negative when clockwise.
To guarantee geometry, a G26 or G27 must be contained in the last machining
instruction.

PROFORM equivalent :
PYR>/USRX,USRY,v,ANG,a,L,l,H,h,E,e (add <,RET > for G81).

Example
1: FROM/X,0,Y,0,Z,10
2: DOWN/L,-15,H,-0.3,E,343 (not compulsory, roughing without
translation)
3: PYR/USRX,0.3,USRY,0.2,ANG,20,L,-15,H,-0.001,E,303
4: PYR/L,-15,H,-0.025,E,283,RET
5: END

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.45

 G82 Spherical translation machining
G83 Spherical translation machining with retraction

Syntax G82RrQqLl<HhEe>
G83RrQqLl<HhEe>
<> optional
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ll final dimension along selected axis
Ee setting number in technology table
Rr electrode radial sub-dimension
Qq number of machining runs required (successive steps) composing the
geometry along the main machining axes

Definition
G92XYZ10000 is mandatory.
Downfeed G11 included in cycle.
If Qq is high, machining accuracy is better, but machining time is increased.
When roughing, it is recommended to use: 4, half-finishing: 5, finishing: 6
Rr must be greater than Hh.

PROFORM equivalent :
ISOG/USR,usr,STEP,step,L,l,H,h,E,e (add <,RET > for G83).

Example
Rr ∝= 90°
Qq %
N10G92XYZ10000
H N20G11L-14660E373
N30G82R1000Q4L-14880E323
N40G82Q5L-14940E303
N50G83Q6L-14969E294
N60M02

Sub-dimension example Sub-dimension example,

RADIAL (1 mm) SPHERICAL (1 mm)

;;;;;;;;;
1 1 1 1

;;;;;;;;;
R= R=
10 9 9
R=

R = 10 R = 10 R = 10

ISO
Programming 1465

8.46 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G84 Orbital translation machining in space
G85 Orbital translation machining in space with retraction

Syntax G84AaBbRrQqLl<HhEe>
G85AaBbRrQqLl<HhEe>
<> optional
Aa angle along X axis, locked to its initial value (by default A =0)
Bb angle along Z axis, locked to its initial value (by default B = 0)
Rr radial sub-dimension
Ll final dimension on selected axis
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ee setting number in technology table
Qq number of machining runs (successive steps), composing the geometry
according to the main machining axis

Definition
G92XYZ is mandatory
Downfeed G11 is included in the cycle.
Rr must be greater than Hh.

PROFORM equivalent :
ORB3D/ANGX,aANGZ,b,USR,r,STEP,q,L,l,H,h,E,e (add <,RET > for G85)

Z
X' Part
ZZ

Z' Part
X X
X

Y Y
Part B+ Z +
ANG

ANG XA- Penetration

vector

;;;;
;;;;
L ;;;; 1469
ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.47

 G86 Square translation machining in space
G87 Square translation machining in space with retraction

Syntax G86AaBbUuVv<LlHhEe>
G87AaBbUuVv<LlHhEe>
<> optional
Aa angle along X axis, locked to its initial value (by default A = 0)
Bb angle along Z axis, locked to its initial value (by default B = 0)
Uu radial sub-dimension along X axis
Vv radial sub-dimension along Y axis
Ll final dimension along selected axis
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ee setting number in technology table

Definition
G92XYZ is mandatory.
Downfeed G11 is included in the cycle.
U and V must be greater than H.

PROFORM equivalent :
SQAR3D/ANGX,a,ANGZ,b,USRX,u,USRY,v,L,l,H,h,E,e
(add <,RET > for G87).

Z
Z' X'
PartZ Z

X X X
Part

Vv

Uu Y Y
Part B+ Z +
ANG

ANG XA- Penetration

vector

1473

ISO
Programming

8.48 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 G88 Spherical translation machining in space
G89 Spherical translation machining in space with retraction

Syntax G88AaBbRrQqLlHhEe
G89AaBbRrQqLlHhEe
<> optional
Aa angle along X axis, locked to its initial value (by default A = 0)
Bb angle along Z axis, locked to its initial value (by default B = 0)
Rr radial sub-dimension
Qq number of machining runs (successive steps) composing the geometry
along the main machining axis
(by default Q = 4)
Ll final dimension along selected axis
Hh Used for reducing the length machined by the value of the sparking
distance (gap) or the radial undersize of the electrode
Ee setting number in technology table

Definition
R must be greater than H
G92XYZ is mandatory
Downfeed G11 is included in the cycle

PROFORM equivalent :
ISOG3D/ANGX,x,ANGZ,z,USR,r,STEP,q,L,l,H,h,E,e (add <,RET > for G89)

Z
ZZ
Part

X X
Part
X

Y Y
Part ANG
B+ Z +

ANG XA- Penetration

value

L
1467

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.49

 G90 Absolute co-ordinate mode

Syntax G90

PROFORM equivalent :
COORD/ABS

Comment
The values of X, Y, Z, C, I and L are relative to the part system origin. By
default values on starting the machine.

G91 Incremental co-ordinate mode

Syntax G91

PROFORM equivalent :
COORD/INCR

Comment
Values X, Y, Z, C, I and L represent movement with respect to the previous
position.

G92 Position definition

Syntax G92<XxYyZzCc>
<> optional

Definition
This function defines the work part system of co-ordinates which shall be used
throughout the program, but which does not cause movement. The X, Y, Z and C
axis settings will take on values x,y,z,c on starting the program.
If there is no G92 at the start of the program, the starting position is that defined by
the machine settings. There may be several G92's in a program which, at each
time, define a new part system. G92 is prohibited between two «strung» orbits (not
followed by a retraction) or between two operations in time «P». Without an
argument, G92 is used to set the point of return for electrode retraction.

ISO
Programming

8.50 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 Example 1
%
N10G92X0Y0
YM YM YP YM YP
N20G90
N30G00X10000
10
N40M02
XP XP
XM XM XM

Initial position G92X0Y0 G00X10000

10 mm movement

1459

Comment
XM,YM Machine system of co-ordinates
XP,YP Work part system of co-ordinates
Current position

Example 2
%
N10G92X10000Y0
N20G90 YM YM YP YM YP
N30G00X10000
10
N40M02
XP XP
XM XM XM

Initial position G92X10000Y0 G00X10000

Movement step

1460

PROFORM equivalent :
FROM/X,x,Y,y,Z,z,C,c

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.51

 ISO
Programming

8.52 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Words other than G and M

List of words other than G and M

Word which can

Signable value

be modified by
Incremental

G70, G71)
Dimension
Dimension

By-default
Absolute
Codes Description*

(X or Y)
words
words

value

value
value
%n Start of program
:n Block number
/ Optional block
Aa Angle x x 0 x
Bb Angle x 180
Cc C axis position x D** x
Associated with functions G92, G00, G10 and G20
Dd Flushing mode x
associated with functions G74, G75, G76, G77, G78 and G79
Offset numbers G41, G42
Ee Machining setting x D**
Ff Dwell (pause) x
associated with function G04
Hh Sub-dimension

Ii Position of centre of sphere associated x x x x x

with functions G15, G25
Jj Centre of arc G02, G03
Kk Helix pitch x x
associated with functions G67 and G68 and co-ordinate
of centre of an arc
Ll Position along main working axis x x x x x
Nn Block number x 0
Pp Machining time x
Qq Cavity umber G39, step numbers (G82, G83, G84,
G85, G88 and G89).
Rr Radius x x
Ss Rotating spindle speed x
Tt Electrode number x
Uu Sub-dimensions
Vv Sub-dimensions
Ww Angle direction (Locked angle) x
Xx Position along X axis x x x D** x x
Yy Position along Y axis x x x D** x x
Zz Position along Z axis x x x D** x x

* the numerical value or number accompanying a word is represented

by the corresponding lowercase letter ISO
** see word definition Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.53

 ISO
Programming

8.54 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Auxiliary functions M

Introduction

Auxiliary functions are instructions which control the continuos functions of the
machine or the control system.
The symbol M must be followed by a number of 1 to 3 digits specifying an activity
to be performed by the machine (the leading zero may be omitted. Example:
M01 = M1).
There may be several M functions in a given block, and these take effect in
increasing order of the numbers.
With the exception of stops M00, M01 and M02, all M functions of a block
become operational at the start, before the G functions are executed.
ISO
Within a block, all M functions must be grouped together at the end of the line, or
after all the other words, and immediately prior to the end of block character. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.55

 List of auxiliary M functions

Code Description

M00 Unconditional stop

M01 Conditional or optional stop
M02 End of part program
M03 Spindle rotation (clockwise)
M04 Spindle rotation (anti-clockwise)
M05 Spindle rotation off
M06 Electrode change
M08 Flushing on
M09 Flushing off
M10 Pallet clamping
M11 Pallet unclamping
M13 C axis lock
M14 C axis release
M16 Electrode manual change
M22 Filling the work tank
M23 Draining the work tank
M24 Machining protection suspension for 30 seconds
M25 Machining protection suspension for 2 minutes
M26 Machining protection suspension for 8 minutes
M27 Normal machining protection
M28 Setting pulse speed
M29 Programmed pulse speed
M30 Injection pressure (int. function)
M31 Suction pressure (int. function)
M32 Activation of initial entry protection
M42 Spindle rotation (clockwise) (A axis)
M43 Spindle rotation (anti-clockwise) (A axis)
M44 Spindle rotation off (A axis)
M50 Slow retraction in event of short-circuit
M51 Rapid retraction in event of short-circuit
M52 Difficult machining automatic device
M53 Stop on difficult machining operation
M54 Circulation pump on
M55 Circulation pump off
M56 Cleaning flushing on
M57 Cleaning flushing off
M59 No stop on downgraded machining - Max. protection
M60 No stop on downgraded machining - No protection
M61 SPAC on
M62 SPAC off
M63 Compressed air supervision off
M64 Compressed air supervision
M80 Pulse output 1
M81 Pulse output 2
M82 Pulse output 3
M83 Pulse output 4
M87 tored output 1 on
M88 tored output 1 off
M89 tored output 2 on
M90 tored output 2 off
M91 Remote alarm validation
M92 Remote alarm lock
M93 Remote alarm on
M94 Remote alarm off
M95 Resets and stops the machining counter
M96 Machining time counter output
M97 Machining time and setting No. counter output

ISO
Programming

8.56 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Definition of M functions (in numerical order)

M00 Unconditional stop

M00 suspends execution of the part program (machining, movement, flushing are
switched off).
The machine waits in the suspension mode for the operator to resume execution.

PROFORM equivalent :
STOP

M01 Conditional or optional stop

M01 has the same effect as M00 if command OSP, 1 (validation of optional stop)
has been entered beforehand. If OSP = 0, M01 will be ignored.

PROFORM equivalent :
STOP/OPTIONAL

M02 End of part program

M02 stops all the machining, flushing functions, etc. Execution cannot be resumed.
If the part program is called in a command program, the command which follows
will be automatically concatenated after M02.

PROFORM equivalent : ISO

END
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.57

 M03 Spindle rotation (clockwise)
M04 Spindle rotation (anti-clockwise)
M05 Spindle rotation off

Syntax
M035s
M045s
M05

The rate of rotation is provided by word Ss with: 0 s 100 rpm.

M05 is in force by default from the start of the program.

PROFORM equivalent :
M03 SPIN/DIR<,S,s>
M04 SPIN/REV<,S,s>
M05 SPIN/OFF

50
0

5 10 20
80

Z-3

5 Z-2
10
Example
Z-4 10
%
N10G92XYZ1000 5

N20G00X50000Y-80000 Z-1
N30G91 (incremental co-ordinates.)
N40G00X5000Y5000
N50M03S10000 (rotation rate 10 rpm)
N60G10Z-1800E0
N70X30000Y10000Z-3000
N80X-20000Z2000
N90Y10000Z-1000
N100X-10000Y-2000Z2000
N110Z2200
N12G00X-5000Y-5000
N130G90 (absolute co-ordinates)
N140XY
N150M02 1683

ISO
Programming

8.58 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 M06 Electrode change

Syntax
M06 tool number Dmof Radius QEXT (automatic change)
M16 tool number Dmof Radius QEXT (manual change)

•Tool number: Number of the new electrode. If 0, deposit of current electrode.

Default value 0.
•Dmof: 0 to 3. Identical to the old command MOF (which is eliminated). Default
value same as old MOF (at initialization MOF = 2).
0: No offset
1: Z and C offsets are taken into account
2: X, Y, Z and C offsets are taken into account. Indexation and machining with C
are permitted but the X and Y corrections are not carried out.
3: X, Y, Z and C offsets are taken into account. Indexation and machining with C
are permitted. Automatic correction of the electrode X and Y position.
•Radius: Machining radius of the C axis for the new tool. By default, the former
radius.
•QEXT: Optional parameter (opening for new applications)

PROFORM equivalent:
TOOL/
COMMAND equivalent:
TCH,

M08 Flushing on

Engages flushing solenoid valves according to the modes and types of flushing
predefined in functions G47, G75, G76, G77, G78 or G79 and associated word
Dd.

M09 Flushing off

Closes all flushing solenoid valves.

Function enforced by default from the start of the part program.

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.59

 M10 Pallet clamping

Clamping command for pallet after loading of the receiver device installed in the
work tank.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/10
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,10

M11 Pallet unclamping

Unclamps the pallet before unloading.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/11
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,11

M13 C axis lock

Locks the C axis brake.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/13
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,13

M14 C axis release

Releases the C axis brake.

Function in force by default from the start of the program.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/14
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,14

ISO
Programming

8.60 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 M22 Filling the work tank

Starts filling the work tank.

Function in force by default from the start of the program.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/22
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,22

M23 Draining the work tank

Opens the drain door or disables engagement of the filler pump.

As M22 is executed by default at the start of the program, M23, if necessary,
should appear before the last commanded movement in the program.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/23
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,23

M24 Machining protection suspension for 30 seconds

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/24
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,24

M25 Machining protection suspension for 2 minutes

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/25
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,25

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.61

 M26 Machining protection suspension for 8 minutes

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/26
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,26

M27 Normal machining protection

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/27
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,27

M28 Setting pulse speed

Setting parameter value.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/28
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,28

M29 Programmed pulse speed

VPULS control.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/29
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,29

ISO
Programming

8.62 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 M42 Spindle rotation (clockwise) (A axis)
M43 Spindle rotation (anti-clockwise) (A axis)
M44 Spindle rotation off (A axis)

Syntax
M42Ss
M43Ss
M44

The rotation rate is given by word Ss with:

0 s 20 revolutions per minute.
M44 is in force by default from the start of the program.

PROFORM equivalent :
M42 SPIN/DIR<,S,s>
M43 SPIN/REV<,S,s>
M44 SPIN/DIR,S,0

M50 Slow retraction in event of short-circuit

Engages the slow retraction mode in the event of a short-circuit (normal mode).
This function is in force from the start of the part program.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/50
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,50

M51 Rapid retraction in event of short-circuit

Engages the rapid retraction mode in the event of machining short-circuit.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/51
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,51

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.63

 M52 Difficult machining automatic device

Engages the automatic reaction mode (normal mode) in the event of a difficult
machining operation (no machining stop).
This function is in force from the start of the part program.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/52
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,52

M53 Stop on difficult machining operation

Engages the «stop on difficult machining operation» mode leading, if necessary, to

suspension of part program execution in the event of particular machining difficulties.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/53
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,53

M54 Circulation pump on

Engages dielectric system circulation pump (necessary for filtering, level-keeping and
flushing).
Function in force from the start of the part program.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/54
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,54

M55 Circulation pump off

Cancels the effect of M54.

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/55
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,55
ISO
Programming

8.64 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 M56 Cleaning flushing on
M57 Cleaning flushing off

M56 opens the dielectric system cleaning solenoid valve until closed by function
M57.
the cleaning time can be programmed with G04 Ff (a pause of f seconds).

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/56 (57 respectively)
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX, 56 (57 respectively)

M59 No stop on downgraded machining - Max. protection

M59 must not be used for high power settings (P > 11), and in particular if graphite
electrodes are used.

M60 No stop on downgraded machining - No protection

There is no attempt at recovery or attempt to stop.

M60 should not be used with T = 1 without operator supervision.

M61 SPAC on

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/61
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,61

M62 SPAC off

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/62
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,62

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.65

 M63 Compressed air supervision off

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/63
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,63

M64 Compressed air supervision

PROFORM equivalent :
AUXF/64
COMMAND equivalent :
AUX,64

M80 to User inputs/outputs

M90

M80 Pulse output 1 (200 ms).

M81 Pulse output 2 (200 ms).
M82 Pulse output 3 (200 ms).
M83 Pulse output 4 (200 ms).
M87 stored output 1 on.
M88 stored output 1 off.
M89 stored output 2 on.
M90 stored output 2 off.
These are accessible on the X52 connector on the back door of the NC.
Auxiliary functions M80 to M90 enable the user to create his own automated
systems.

M91 Remote alarm validation

M91 is used to trigger the remote alarm if machining is interrupted by a fault (broken
electrode, etc.), or if an alarm has been programmed by M93. The alarm is cleared
when machining is restarted.

M92 Remote alarm lock

M92 prevents operation of the remote alarm in the event of a programmed fault or
ISO alarm.d'alarme programmée.
Programming

8.66 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 M93 Remote alarm on

M93 starts the remote alarm if the alarm mode has been enabled via M91 or by
EAO = 1 (control or parameter).

M94 Remote alarm off

M94 switches off the remote alarm switched on by M93.

M95 Resets and stops the machining counter

M95 resets the machining step counter and stops mode 97.

Caution
M95 does not reset the CNC machining time to zero.

M96 Machining time counter output

M96 outputs the machining time from the counter on the next line. The output is
made to the DNC peripheral if the latter is available (protocol other than 12).

Comment
This function does not clear the counter, i.e. if M96 appears several times in a
program, the time for each line monitored by M96 shall be accumulated.

M97 Machining time and setting No. counter output

M97 outputs machining time together with the setting number for each part program
line. The output is made to the DNC peripheral if the latter is available (protocol
other than 12).

ISO
Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.67

 ISO
Programming

8.68 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

Optional M functions
(see options chapter)

This is a set of functions used to synchronise an external item of equipment (e.g.

robot) to the machine and vice versa; it is also possible to control one or more
simple accessories by means of signals generated by the part program commands.

To provide these functions with maximum flexibility, 4 types of signals are available:
•Stored output,
•pulse output,
•output with acknowledgement (from exterior),
•hold on input (without sending of output). ISO
This set of functions forms a liberated option by reading the software key cassette. Programming

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000 8.69

 ISO
Programming

8.70 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 961 980/E/13.03.2000

 Alphabetical
Alphabetical Index index

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000 9.1

 Alphabetical
index

9.2 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000

A
Active table 3.19
ALA (Command Words) 6.24
ALE (Command Words) 6.24
ALM (Command Words) 6.26
ANGUL (PROFORM) 7.35
ARC (PROFORM) 7.47
AREF (Command Words) 6.53
ART (Command Words) 6.14
ASP (Command Words) 6.65
ASPIR (PROFORM) 7.43
ATR (Command Words) 6.34
ATW (Command Words) 6.35
AUT (Command Words) 6.16
AUX (Command Words) 6.23
AUXF (PROFORM) 7.44
Auxiliary M functions 8.55
AXE (PROFORM) 7.39
Axis Parameters 3.57
AXO (Command Words) 6.41

B
Blank (INFO Mode ) 4.7
BLD (Command Words) 6.42
BLK (Command Words) 6.42
Block 2.6
Block start/Block end 2.6

C
CALL (PROFORM) 7.11
CBC (Command Words) 6.10
CCF (Command Words) 6.12
CEN-CN2 (Command Words) 6.48
Centering (Measurements) 3.29
Centering 45 (Measurements) 3.30
Centering X and Y (Measurements) 3.32
CGP (Command Words)) 6.33
Change unit 2.21
Changers 3.57
CHCR (Command Words) 6.55
CHRA (Command Words) 6.55
CLE (Command Words) 6.44
CLS (Command Words) 6.15
COE (Command Words) 6.43
Command Language Programming 6.1
Communication 3.44
Components 3.58
CONE (PROFORM) 7.20
COORD (PROFORM) 7.40
Copy (Files) 2.19
Corner (Measurements) 3.27
CPY (Command Words) 6.33
Creation and modification of a strategy 2.10
Cut 3.5
Alphabetical
index

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000 9.3

 D
Date and Time 3.43
Definition of M functions 8.57
DELAY (PROFORM) 7.40
Delete (Files) 2.20
Delete line 2.6
Device (name) 1.8
DIAG (PROFORM) 7.29
Dielectric 3.39
Diélectric (injection and suction modes) 3.40
Diélectric (pressure settings and measurments) 3.41
Diélectric (suction drop settings and measurments) 3.41
Diélectric (types of injection) 3.40
Diélectric (types of suctions) 3.41
Diélectric (Worktank level and filling worktank) 3.41
DIS (Command Words) 6.39
Display (Files) 2.21
Display aera 1.12
Display of the machining program 2.18
DLF (Command Words) 6.34
DNC3 (INFO Mode) 4.7
DOWN (Command Words) 6.61
DOWN (PROFORM) 7.16
Draw Screen 3.5
Drawing Parameters 3.17
DRP (Command Words) 6.15
DRS (Command Words) 6.15
Dry Run 3.5

E
EAI (Command Words) 6.58
EAO (Command Words) 6.57
ECY (Command Words) 6.57
EDG (Command Words) 6.46
Edge (Measurements) 3.31
Edge Finding Activ 3.34
Editing of results 2.17
Editing Tables 2.23
Editor 2.3
END (instruction PROFORM) 7.8
End 2.7
ENG (Command Words) 6.53
Entry fields 1.6
ESP (Command Words) 6.59
ESR (Command Words) 6.58
EXE Mode 3.1
Executing a program 3.6
Execution Parameters 3.56
EXPAN (Command Words) 6.64
EXPAN (PROFORM) 7.19
External Centering (Measurements) 3.25

F
File (definition) 1.7
Alphabetical File (extensions) 1.9
index File (name) 1.8

9.4 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000

Files 2.19
Find 2.7
Find Next 2.8
FLA (Command Words) 6.66
FLA (PROFORM) 7.43
FLH (Command Words) 6.65
FLI (Command Words) 6.66
FLI (PROFORM) 7.43
FLUSH (PROFORM) 7.41
FROM (PROFORM) 7.8

G
GAP (Command Words) 6.33
GAP (PROFORM) 7.48
General parameters 2.10
GOAX (PROFORM) 7.15
GOP (Command Words) 6.23
GOTO (PROFORM) 7.14
GRAPH Mode 5.1

H
HELIC (PROFORM) 7.26
HELP (Command Words) 6.51
Help function 1.17
HSR (Command Words) 6.55

I
I/O automate (INFO Mode) 4.9
I/O execution (INFO Mode) 4.8
I/O pilote (INFO Mode) 4.9
INFO Mode 4.1
Initialize 2.21
Inputs/Outputs 3.43
Insert line 2.6
ISO codes and format 8.5
ISO Programming 8.1
ISOG (PROFORM) 7.31
ISOG3D (PROFORM) 7.34

L
LABN (Command Words) 6.16
LINE (PROFORM) 7.47
List of Command Words 6.7
LNG (Command Words) 6.54
Loadind values for the X, Y, Z and C axes 3.38
Loading the autodiagnostic softwarw 1.4
Loading the system software 1.4
LOOP (Command Words) 6.11

M
Machine (INFO Mode ) 4.6
Machine zero 3.38
MACRO (instruction PROFORM) 7.9
Manual 3.33
Measurements 3.21 Alphabetical
Message aera 1.13 index

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000 9.5

 Messages (INFO Mode ) 4.7
Modal Status (INFO Mode ) 4.7
MODE (PROFORM) 7.47
Monitor 3.58
MOV (Command Words) 6.17
MOVT (Command Words) 6.18
MPA (Command Words) 6.19
MPC (Command Words) 6.49
MPM (Command Words) 6.50
MPR (Command Words) 6.20
MSG (Command Words) 6.10
MTO (Command Words) 6.47
MTOL (Command Words) 6.45
MTR (Command Words) 6.51
MVR (Command Words) 6.18
MVRT (Command Words) 6.19

O
ODS (Command Words) 6.39
OFS (Command Words) 6.34
Optional M functions 8.69
ORB ((Command Words) 6.63
ORB (PROFORM) 7.18
ORB3D (PROFORM) 7.32
OSP (Command Words) 6.43

P
PAL (Command Words) 6.52
PAU (Command Words) 6.11
PCH (Command Words) 6.30
PILOT EXPERT 3.13
PN (PROFORM) 7.7
PNT (Command Words) 6.38
Powering on 1.3
PREP Mode 2.1
Preparatory G functions 8.13
Print (Files) 2.21
PROFORM (syntaxe) 7.4
PROFORM 2.4
PROGRAM EXPERT 1.1 2.9
Programmation avec PROFORM 7.1
Protecting the system diskettes 1.3
PYR (PROFORM) 7.30

Q
QCR (INFO Mode) 4.10

R
Reference (lPhysical Location) 3.37
Reference 3.37
Reference Ball (Measurements) 3.21
Référence (Locating the absolute references on the axes) 3.37
References (INFO Mode ) 4.8
Rename (Files) 2.20
Alphabetical RETRACT/AXIAL (PROFORM) 7.37
index RETRACT/NORMAL (PROFORM) 7.37

9.6 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000

RETRACT/POINT (PROFORM) 7.38
Return to contour 3.34
REX (mot de commande) 6.37
RLD (Command Words) 6.36
ROT (Command Words) 6.21
Running Programs (INFO Mode ) 4.6

S
Save File 2.7
Scale Corrections 3.58
Screen organization 1.12
Security 3.55
Selecting data 1.16
Selecting values for the machine axis system 3.38
Selection aera 1.14
Selection of priorities 2.16
SEP (Command Words) 6.22
Sequential access devices 1.10
Service (INFO Mode) 4.10
Service 3.43
SIM (Command Words) 6.13
SMA (Command Words) 6.30
Soft Limits 3.35
SPA (Command Words) 6.30
SPG (Command Words) 6.9
SPHER (PROFORM) 7.23
SPIN (Command Words) 6.21
SPIN (PROFORM) 7.36
SQAR (PROFORM) 7.27
SQAR3D (PROFORM) 7.33
STOP (PROFORM) 7.7
STP (Command Words) 6.9
Structure of the NC 1.7
Survey (INFO Mode ) 4.4
Survey automate (INFO Mode) 4.9
Switching between menus and functions 1.16

T
Tables USER (modification) 2.23
Tables USER.GAP (corrections) 2.27
Tables USER.OFS (offset) 2.26
Tables USER.PNT (point) 2.27
Tables USER.VAR (variable) 2.27
TAL (Command Words) 6.52
TANK (PROFORM) 7.13
TAXE (Command Words) 6.56
TCH (Command Words) 6.26
PCH (Command Words) 6.65
TEC (Command Words) 6.36
TECHNO (PROFORM) 7.46
TERMAC (PROFORM) 7.10
Terminal 2.21
TFE (Command Words) 6.44
TOF (Command Words) 6.35
TOL (Command Words) 6.54 Alphabetical
TOOL (PROFORM) 7.41 index

CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000 9.7

 Tool Offset (Measurements) 3.23
TSIM (Command Words) 6.12

U
User Parameters 3.7

V
VAR (Command Words) 6.37
VECT (Command Words) 6.62
VECT (PROFORM) 7.17
Verify 3.5
VLD (Command Words) 6.38
VPULS (Command Words) 6.25

W
Words other than G and M 8.53

Z
ZCL (Command Words) 6.53

Alphabetical
index

9.8 CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES 205 962 030/E/13.03.2000

Contact

Charmilles Technologies SA
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Tel. +41 (0)22 783 31 11
Fax +41 (0)22 783 35 29
www.charmilles.com

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