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2 views

javascript

Hj

Uploaded by

arsongs123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JavaScript Practical Notes for Class 8 Students

Introduction to JavaScript

JavaScript is a powerful programming language used to make web pages interactive. With JavaScript, you can add
features like buttons, animations, games, and much more.

Basic Concepts

1. Variables

- Variables are used to store data.

- Syntax:

let variableName = value;

- Example:

let name = "John";

let age = 13;

2. Data Types

- Common data types in JavaScript:

- String: Text (e.g., "Hello")

- Number: Numbers (e.g., 10, 3.14)

- Boolean: True or False

- Example:

let isStudent = true;

let score = 95;

3. Operators

- Operators are symbols used to perform actions.

- Arithmetic Operators: `+`, `-`, `*`, `/`, `%`

- Comparison Operators: `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `===`

- Example:

let sum = 5 + 10;

let isEqual = (10 === 10); // true

Writing Your First Program

Example 1: Display a Message

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>
<title>Display a Message</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

alert("Welcome to JavaScript!");

</script>

</body>

</html>

Example 2: Console Log

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Console Log</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

console.log("Hello, world!");

</script>

</body>

</html>

Taking Input and Showing Output

Example: Asking the User’s Name

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Prompt and Alert</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

let name = prompt("What is your name?");

alert("Hello, " + name + "!");

</script>
</body>

</html>

Conditional Statements

- Used to make decisions in the program.

- Syntax:

if (condition) {

// code to execute if condition is true

} else {

// code to execute if condition is false

- Example:

html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Conditional Statements</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

let age = 15;

if (age >= 18) {

alert("You are an adult.");

} else {

alert("You are a minor.");

</script>

</body>

</html>

Loops

- Loops are used to repeat a block of code.

1. For Loop
- Syntax:

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

console.log(i);

- Example:

html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>For Loop</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {

console.log(i);

</script>

</body>

</html>

2. While Loop

- Syntax:

let i = 0;

while (i < 5) {

console.log(i);

i++;

- Example:

html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>While Loop</title>
</head>

<body>

<script>

let i = 1;

while (i <= 10) {

console.log(i);

i++;

</script>

</body>

</html>

Functions

- Functions are blocks of code designed to perform a task.

- Syntax:

function functionName(parameters) {

// code to execute

- Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Functions</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

function greet(name) {

console.log("Hello, " + name);

greet("Alice");

</script>

</body>

</html>
Practice Problems

1. Write a program to add two numbers.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Add Two Numbers</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

let num1 = prompt("Enter the first number:");

let num2 = prompt("Enter the second number:");

let sum = Number(num1) + Number(num2);

alert("The sum is: " + sum);

</script>

</body>

</html>

2. Write a program to check if a number is even or odd.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Even or Odd</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

let number = prompt("Enter a number:");

if (number % 2 === 0) {

alert("The number is even.");

} else {

alert("The number is odd.");

</script>

</body>
</html>

3. Write a program to display numbers from 1 to 10 using a loop.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Numbers from 1 to 10</title>

</head>

<body>

<script>

for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {

console.log(i);

</script>

</body>

</html>

Tips for JavaScript

1. Always end statements with a semicolon `;`.

2. Use meaningful variable names.

3. Debug your code using `console.log()`.

4. Practice writing small programs regularly.

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