Question 1. Which of the following is not the property of an equipotential surface?
(a) They do not cross each other. (b) The work done in carrying a charge from one point to another on an equipotential surface is zero. (c) For a uniform electric field, they are concentric spheres. (d) They can be imaginary spheres. Question 2. An electric dipole placed in an electric field of intensity 2 × 10 N/C at an angle of 30° 5
experiences a torque equal to 4 N-m. The charge on the dipole of dipole length 2 cm is (a) 7 µC (b) 8 mC (c) 2 mC (d) 5 mC
Question 3. A metallic plate exposed to white light emits electrons. For which of the following colours of light, the stopping potential will be maximum? (a) Blue (b) Yellow (c) Red (d) Violet
Question 4. When α-particles are. sent through a thin gold foil, most of them go straight through the foil, because (a) a-particles are positively charged (b) the mass of an α-particle is more than the mass of an electron (c) most of the part of an atom is empty space (d) α-particles move with high velocity
Question 5. An electron is moving along positive x-axis in a magnetic field which is parallel to the positive Y-axis. In what direction, will the magnetic force be acting on the electron? (a) Along – X-axis (b) Along – Z-axis (c) Along + Z-axis (d) Along – Y-axis
Question 6. The relative permeability of a substance X is slightly less than unity and that of substance Y is slightly more than unity, then (a) X is paramagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic (b) X is diamagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic (c) X and Y both are paramagnetic (d) X is diamagnetic and Y is paramagnetic
Question 7. An ammeter of resistance 0.81 Ω reads up to 1 A. The value of the required shunt to increase the range to 10 A is (a) 0.9 Ω (b) 0.09 Ω (c) 0.03 Ω (d) 0.3 Ω
Question 8. An electron with angular momentum L moving around the nucleus has a magnetic moment given by (a) e L/2m (b) e L/3m (c) e L/4m (d) e L/m
Question 9. The large scale transmission of electrical energy over long distances is done with the use of transformers. The voltage output of the generators is stepped-up because of (a) reduction of current (b) reduction of current and voltage both (c) power loss is cut down (d) (a) and (c) both As, the direction of propagation of electromagnetic wave is in the direction of E × B, Flence, the direction of EM wave will be perpendicular to E and B and out of plane of paper.
Question 10. The energy of an electron in nth orbit of hydrogen atom is E = (-13.6/n )eV. The negative sign of n 2
energy indicates that
(a) electron is free to move (b) electron is bound to the nucleus (c) kinetic energy of electron is equal to potential energy of electron (d) atom is radiating energy
Questions 11 to 14 Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion. (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Question 11. Assertion (A) For the radiation of a frequency greater than the threshold frequency, photoelectric current is directly proportional to the intensity of the radiation. Reason (R) Greater the number of energy quanta available, greater is the number of electrons absorbing the energy quanta and greater is number of electrons coming out of the metal.
Question 12. Assertion (A) Putting p-type semiconductor slab directly in physical contact with n-type semiconductor slab cannot form the p-n junction. Reason (R) The roughness at contact will be mhch more than inter-atomic crystal spacing and continuous flow of charge carriers is not possible.
Question 13. Assertion (A) An electron has a higher potential energy, when it is at a location associated with a negative value of potential and has a lower potential energy when at a location associated with a positive potential. Reason (R) Electrons move from a region of higher potential to a region of lower potential.
Question 14. Assertion (A) Propagation of light through an optical fibre is due to total internal reflection taking place at the core-cladding interface. Reason (R) Refractive index of the material of the cladding of the optical fibre is greater than that of the core.
Question 15. The wavelength λ of a photon and the de Broglie wavelength of an electron of mass m have the same value. Show that the energy of the photon is 2λm c/h times, the kinetic energy of the electron, where c and h have their usual meanings.
Question 16.A ray of monochromatic light passes through an equilateral glass prism in such a way that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence and each of these angles is 3/4 times the angle of the prism. Determine the angle of deviation and the refractive index of the glass prism.
Question 17. A heating element using nichrome connected to a 230 V supply draws an initial current of 3.2 A which settles after a few seconds to a steady value of 2.8 A. What is the steady temperature of the heating element, if the room temperature is 27.0°C and the temperature coefficient of resistance of nichrome is 1.70 × 10 °C ? -4 -1
Question 18.Show that the least possible distance between an object and its real image in a convex lens is 4f, where i is the focal length of the lens. Or In an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment, a straight black line of length L is drawn on the objective lens. The eyepiece forms a real image of this line whose length is l. What is the angular magnification of the telescope?
Question 19. A given coin has a mass of 3.0 g. Calculate the nuclear energy that would be required to separate all the neutrons and protons from each other. For simplicity, assume that the coin is entirely made of 6329Cu atoms (of mass 62.92960 u). (Given, m = 1.007825 u and m = 1.008665u). p n
Question 20. The total energy of an electron in the first excited state of the hydrogen atom is about -3.4 eV (i) What is the kinetic energy of the felectron in this state? (ii) What is the potential energy of the electron in this state? (iii) Which of the answers above would change, if the choice of the zero of potential energy is changed? .
Question 21. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
Types of Lenses and their combination
A convex or converging lens is thicker at the centre than at the edges. It converges a beam of light on refraction through it. It has a real focus. Convex lens is of three types : Double convex lens, Plano-convex lens and Concavo-convex lens. Concave lens is thinner at the centre than at the edges. It diverges a beam of light on refraction through it. It has a virtual focus. Concave lenses are of three types : Double concave lens. Plano- concave lens and Convexo-concave lens. When two thin lenses of focal lengths f and f are placed in contact with each other along their 1 2
common principal axis, then the two lens system is regarded as a single lens of focal length f and 1f=1f1+1f2 If several thin lenses of focal lengths f , f , …… f are placed in contact, then the effective focal 1 2 n
length of the combination is given by
1/f=1/f1+1/f2+…+1/fn and, in terms of power, we can write P = P + P + … +P 1 2 n
The value of focal length and power of a lens must be used with proper sign consideration. (i) Two thin lenses are kept co-axially in contact with each other and the focal length of the combination is 80 cm. If the focal length of one lens is 20 cm, the focal length of the other would be (a) -26.7 cm (b) 60 cm (c) 80 cm (d) 30 cm
(ii) A spherical air bubble is embedded in a piece of glass. For a ray of light passing through the bubble, it behaves like a (a) converging lens (b) diverging lens (c) mirror (d) thin plane sheet of glass A spherical air bubble embedded in a piece of glass behaves as a diverging lens.
(iii) Lens generally used in magnifying glass is
(a) single concave lens (b) single convex lens (c) combination of convex lens of lower power and concave lens of lower focal length (d) plano-concave lens
(iv) The magnification of an image by a convex lens is positive only when the object is placed (a) at its focus F (b) between F and 2F (c) at 2F (d) between F and optical centre
(v) A convex lens of 20 cm focal length forms a real image which is three times magnified. The distance of the object from the lens is (a) 13.33 cm (b) 14 cm (c) -26.66 cm (d) 25 cm
Question 22. (i) Draw a ray diagram for the formation of image of a point object by a thin double convex lens having radii of curvature R and R . Hence, derive lens Maker’s formula. 1 2
(ii) A converging lens has a focal length of 10 cm in air. It is made of a material of refractive index 1.6. If it is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3, find its new focal length. Or (i) Define a wavefront. How is it different from a ray? (ii) Using Huygens’ construction of secondary wavelets, draw a diagram showing the passage of a plane wavefront from a denser to a rarer medium. Using it verify Snell’s law. (iii) In a double slit experiment, using light of wavelength 600 nm and the angular width of the fringe formed on a distant screen is 0.1°. Find the spacing between the two slits. (iv) Write two differences between interference pattern and diffraction pattern.
Question 23. (i) Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air present between the two plates.
Or (i) A dielectric slab of thickness t is kept between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor with plate separation d (t < d). Derive the expression for the ‘capacitance of the capacitor.
Question 24. (i) Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with frequency of applied AC source. (ii) Draw the phasor diagram for a series L-C-R circuit connected to an AC source. (iii) When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.25A flows which lags behind the applied voltage in phase by (π/2) rad. If the same voltage is applied across another device Y, the same current flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage. (a) Name the devices X and Y. (b) Calculate the current flowing in the circuit, when the same voltage is applied across the series combination of X and Y. Or (i) A series L-C-R circuit is connected to an AC source. Using the phasor diagram, derive the expression for the impedance of the circuit. (ii) Plot a graph to show the variation of current with frequency of the AC source, explaining the nature of its variation for two different resistances R and R (R < R ) at resonance. 1 2 1 2
