BIOLOGY

61. Antibiotics are drugs commonly used to cure diseases of

a) fungi b) viruses c) protozoans d) bacteria
62. Read the following statement.
"A drug used for ____(A) ___ patients is obtained from a species of the organism
___ (B) ___”. Identify A and B.
A B
a) Heart - Penicillium
b) Organ-transplant - Trichoderma
c) Swine flu - Monascus
d) AIDS - Pseudomonas
63. ____ produced by bacterium Streptococcus and modified by genetic engineering is
used as a clot buster for removing clots from the blood vessels of patients who have
undergone myocardial infarction leading to heart attack.
a) Lipase b) Streptokinase c) Cyclosporin d) Antibiotic streptomycin
64. Identify the bland A, B, C and D in the table given below and select the correct
answer.
Type of microbe Scientific name Product Medical application
Fungus A Cyclosporin A B
C Monascus Statin D
purpureus
a) A- Trichoderma polysporum, B- As an immunosuppressive agent, C-Yeast,
D-Lowering of blood cholesterol.
b) A-Trichoderma polysporum, B-Lowering of blood cholesterol, C-Yeast (Fungus),
D- As an immunosuppressive agent.
c) A-Yeast (Fungus), B-Lowering of blood cholesterol, C-Trichoderma polysporum,
D-As an immunosuppressive agent
d) A-Streptococcus, B-As in immunosuppressive agent, C-Bacterium,
D-Lowering of blood cholesterol
65. A patient brought to a hospital with myocardial infarction is normally immediately
given:
a) Penicillin b) Streptokinase c) Cyclosporin-A d) Statins
66. Lactobacillus mediated change of milk to curd occurs due to
a) coagulation and partial digestion of milk fats.
 b) coagulation and partial digestion of milk proteins.
c) coagulation of milk proteins and complete digestion of milk fats.
d) coagulation of milk fats and complete digestion of proteins.
67. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is employed in production of
a) idli b) beer c) bread d) all of these
68. Which bacterium helps in the production of 'Swiss cheese'?
a) Propionibacterium sharmanii b) Trichoderma polysporum
c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae d) Aspergillus niger
69. Cheese and yogurt are products of
a) pasteurisation b) fermentation c) dehydration d) distillation
70. Which one is used in production of alcohol/ethanol?
a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae b) Torulopsis utilis
c) Clostridium botulinum d) Leuconostoc citrovorum
71. Monascus purpureus, a yeast (fungus), that is used in the commercially production of
a) acetic acid b) ethanol
c) blood cholesterol lowering statin d) streptokinase
72. Bioactive molecules produced from Monascus purpureus which inhibit cholesterol
synthesis in blood are
a) Gluconic acid b) Statins c) Gibberellins d) Bacitracin
73. Streptokinase, used as a 'clot buster is obtained from
a) Streptococcus b) Staphylococcus
c) Lactobacillus d) Saccharomyces
74. The bioactive molecule cyclosporin A is used in the treatment of
a) whooping cough b) diphtheria c) leprosy d) organ-transplant patients
75. Statins, a bioactive molecule, inhibits the enzyme responsible for synthesis of
a) carbohydrate b) protein c) vitamins d) cholesterol
76. Cyclosporin A is used for
a) dissolving blood clots. b) lowering cholesterol level
c) immunosuppression d) enhancing tenderness of meat
77. The chemical substances produced by some microbes which can kill or retard the
growth of other microbes are called _____
a) toddy b) lactic acid c) antibiotics d) ethanol
78. Which one of the micro-organism is used for production of citric acid in industries?
a) Lactobacillus bulgaricus b) Penicillium citrinum
c) Aspergillus niger d) Rhizopus nigricans
79. Which of the following bacteria converts milk into curd?
a) Propionibacterium b) Lactobacillus c) Streptococcus d) Bacillus
80. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Microbes can be grown on nutritive media.
b) Cultures are useful in studies on micro-organisms.
c) Microbes are found at very specific location
d) Microbes are diverse.
81. Which gas is responsible for the puffed-up appearance of dough?
a) CO2 b) O2 c) SO2 d) NO2
82. In cheese microorganisms are required for
a) ripening only b) souring of milk only
c) souring and ripening d) development of resistance to spoilage
83. Which of the following cheese are ripened by growing a specific fungi on them.
a) Swiss cheese b) Roquefort cheese
c) Ricotta cheese d) Parmesan cheese
84. Which one of the following statement regarding BOD is true?
a) The greater the BOD of waste water, more is its polluting potential.
b) The greater the BOD of waste water, less is its polluting potential.
c) The lesser the BOD of waste water, more is its polluting potential.
d) The lesser the BOD of waste water, less is its polluting potential.
85. The amount of oxygen required by microbes in the decomposition of organic matter is
called ____
a) chemical oxygen demand b) biochemical oxygen demand
c) total oxygen demand d) dissolve oxygen
86. Ganga and Yamuna action plan is initiated by
a) Ministry of environment and forest. b) Ministry of agriculture.
c) Ministry of wild-life conservation. d) None of these
87. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in a river water
a) has no relationship with concentration of oxygen in the water
b) gives a measure of Salmonella in the water
c) increases when sewage gets mixed with river water
d) remains unchanged when algal bloom occurs
88. What are flocs?
a) Masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments to form mesh like structure.
b) Sewage water treated till BOD is reduced.
c) Soil and small pebbles.
d) None of above
89. In the treatment of waste water discharge, which treatment stage involves biological
treatment?
a) Primary treatment b) Secondary treatment
c) Tertiary treatment d) Reverse osmosis stage
90. Passage of effluents into large aeration tank is taken for
a) primary treatment b) secondary treatment
c) tertiary treatment d) both a and b
91. Primary treatment of sewage is
a) physical process b) biological process
c) chemical process d) biochemical process
92. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) In paddy fields, cyanobacteria serve as an important biofertiliser.
b) Plants having mycorrhizal associations show functions like tolerance to drought,
salinity and resistance to root-borne pathogens.
c) The important examples of cyanobacteria as biofertilisers are Anabaena, Nostoc and
Oscillatoria.
d) All of these
93. Which of the following options includes biofertilisers?
a) Cow dung manure and farmyard waste
b) A quick growing crop ploughed back into the field
c) Nostoc, Oscillatoria
d) All of these
94. Which of the following is a non-symbiotic biofertiliser?
a) VAM b) Azotobacter c) Anabaena d) Rhizobium
95. Nitrogen fixation in root nodules of Alnus is brought about by
a) Frankia b) Azorhizobium c) Bradyrhizobium d) Clostridium
96. Farmers have reported over 50% higher yields of rice by using which of the following
biofertilisers?
a) Bacillus thuringiensis b) Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis
c) Mycorrhizae d) Azolla pinnata
97. Baculoviruses (Nucleopolyhedrovirus) does not show
a) host specificity. b) narrow spectrum applications.
c) effects on non-target pathogens. d) utility in IPM programme.
98. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used as
a) biofertilizers b) biometallurgical techniques
c) biomineralization processes d) bioinsecticidal plants
99. Baculoviruses are excellent candidates for
a) species-specific narrow spectrum pesticidal applications.
b) species-specific broad spectrum pesticidal applications.
c) species-specific narrow spectrum insecticidal applications.
d) species-specific broad spectrum insecticidal applications.
100. Biopesticides are
a) the chemicals which are used to destroy the pests
b) the living organisms or their products which are used for the pest control
c) the organisms which destroy the crops
d) none of these
101. When a natural predator (living organism) is applied on the other pathogen organisms
to control them, this process is called as
a) biological control b) genetic engineering
c) artificial control d) confusion technique
102. Dragonflies are used to get rid of
a) mosquitoes b) aphids c) butterfly caterpillars. d) both a and b
103. Which of the following plants is used as biofertilizer?
a) Nostoc b) Funaria c) Volvox d) Rhizopus
104. Which of the following serve as biofertilizer in paddy fields?
a) Bacteria b) Yeast c) Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) d) Fungi
105. Organic farming includes
a) use of fertilizers and pesticides of biological origin.
b) IPM (integrated pest management programme).
c) locally developed pest resistant varieties.
d) all of the above
106. Biofertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. Which of the
following can be used as biofertilisers?
a) Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria b) Nitrogen fixing bacteria
c) Mycorrhizae d) All of these
107. Which of the following is common to Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Anabaena, Nostoc
and Oscillatoria?
a) Prokaryotes b) Nitrogen-fixers c) Both a and b d) Eukaryotes
108. Which of the following is the pair of biofertilizers?
a) Anabaena and blue green algae b) Nostoc and legume
c) Rhizobium and grasses d) Salmonella and E. coli
109. Which of the following groups of bacteria supplies nitrogen to our crop plants
irrespective of crop rotation or manuring?
a) Nitrosomonas b) Nitrobacter c) Rhizobium d) All of them
110. IPM (Integrated Pest Management) involves
a) tissue culture b) biological control
c) biofertilisers d) confusion technique
111. Match the correct pair.
Column-1 Column-II
a) Ganga action plan i) N2 fixing cyanobacterium
b) Br cotton ii) Insect resistant plant
c) Rhizobium iii) Ministry of Environment and Forests
d) Nostoc iv) N2 fixing bacterium
112. Fill up the blanks by selecting the correct option.
i) Biogas is a mixture of gases which predominantly contains ___ and is used as ___
ii) Methanogens are commonly found in the ___ during sewage treatment.
iii) _____ species are free-living fungi and effective biocontrol agents of several plant
pathogens.
a) (i) methane fuel (ii) anaerobic sludge, (iii) Trichoderma
b) (i) CO2 fuel (ii) primary sludge, (iii) Trichoderma
c) (i) methane fuel (iii) anaerobic sludge, (iii) Baculoviruses
d) (i) methane fuel (ii) aerobic sludge, (ⅲ) Trichoderma
113. Choose the correct sequence of microbes involved in biogas production.
a) Fragmentative microbes, decomposers, methanogens.
b) Decomposers, methanogens, putrefying microbes.
c) Putrefying microbes, methanogens, saprophytic microbes.
d) Decomposers, fermentative microbes, methanogens
114. Statement I: Biocontrol refers to the use of biological methods for controlling plant
diseases and pests.
Statement II: Use of biocontrol measure will greatly reduce our dependence on toxic
chemicals and pesticides.
a) Both statement I and II are correct.
b) Both statement I and II are incorrect.
c) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.
d) Statement II is correct but statement I is incorrect.
115. Microbe used for biocontrol of pest butterfly caterpillars is
a) Trichoderma sp. b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
c) Bacillus thuringiensis d) Streptococcus sp.
116. Microbe used for biocontrol of pest butterfly caterpillars is:
a) Trichoderma sp. b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
c) Bacillus thuringiensis d) Streptococcus sp.
117. A good producer of citric acid is:
a) Pseudomonas b) Clostridium c) Saccharomyces d) Aspergillus
118. During sewage treatment, biogases are produced, which include:
a) Methane, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide
b) Hydrogen sulphide, methane, sulphur dioxide
c) Hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen, methane
d) Methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide
119. What gases are produced in anaerobic sludge digesters?
a) Methane and CO2 only
b) Methane, hydrogen sulphide and CO₂
c) Methane, hydrogen sulphide and O2
d) Hydrogen sulphide and CO2
120. The guts of cow and buffalo possess:
a) Chlorella spp. b) Methanogens c) Cyanobacteria d) Fucus spp