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    gene expression

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    e55994491
    The document explains the structure and function of genes, emphasizing their role in coding for proteins through processes of transcription and translation. It details the regulation of gene expression and highlights differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. The example of keratin gene regulation illustrates how gene expression impacts physical traits such as hair, nails, and skin.

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    gene expression

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    e55994491
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    The document explains the structure and function of genes, emphasizing their role in coding for proteins through processes of transcription and translation. It details the regulation of gene expression and highlights differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. The example of keratin gene regulation illustrates how gene expression impacts physical traits such as hair, nails, and skin.

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    All subtopics about gene expression.

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    The document explains the structure and function of genes, emphasizing their role in coding for proteins through processes of transcription and translation. It details the regulation of gene expression and highlights differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. The example of keratin gene regulation illustrates how gene expression impacts physical traits such as hair, nails, and skin.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    0 views3 pages

    gene expression

    Uploaded by

    e55994491
    The document explains the structure and function of genes, emphasizing their role in coding for proteins through processes of transcription and translation. It details the regulation of gene expression and highlights differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. The example of keratin gene regulation illustrates how gene expression impacts physical traits such as hair, nails, and skin.

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    SOYJU'S

    GENES
    Chromosome
    Cell Nucleus
    Gene

    Genes
    particular protein. DNA is the information
    A gene is a part of DNA that codes for a
    It carries all the important
    database of the cell and exists within the cell nucleus.
    cells
    genetic instructions that produce proteins required by our
    is usually in a coded format.
    Each gene carries a particular set of instructions, which
    used for an accurate function or for a distinct protein.
    get converted into a
    The said genes are first transcribed into mRNA and then
    polypeptide chain A polypeptide is then converted to a protein. All the hidden code
    expression.
    inside our genes emerged as our physical traits, which are known as gene

    Gene Expression
    SBYJU'S
    Extracellular
    fluid Hormone

    Receptor
    protein Plasma mernbrane

    Hormone-receptor
    Complex

    Nucleus

    DNA

    RNA
    New protein

    Cytoplasm
    This is a process where the gene's genetic codes are used in managing the protein
    synthesis that is required for our body to produce the cell structures. Genes that carry
    genes.
    information required for the sequences of amino acids are termed structural
    This prOcess has two main steps:
    messenger RNA
    1 Transcription- In this step, with the help of RNA polymerase enzymes, the
    IS produced resulting in the processing of mRNA molecules
    resulting in
    2 Translation- The main function of mRNA s to direct the synthesis of a protein
    the succeeding post-translational processing of the protein molecules

    Regulation of Gene Expression


    SBY

    Gene on DNA
    Transcriptional
    Control

    Primary
    transcript
    RNAprocessing
    Control
    mRNA

    Nucleus
    RNA transport
    Control
    Cytosol

    Translation
    Control
    Protein

    Gene expression is the process by which the instructions present in our DNA are
    converted into a functional product, such as a protein. This process is a tightly
    cOordinated process which allows a cell to respond to its changing environment.

    During gene expression, genetiC Codes from the DNA Code are converted into a
    protein with the help of translation and transcription. The genetic
    expression shows
    the process of the genetic makeup of an organism as its
    physical traits. In this process,
    the information flows from genes to
    proteins.
    To understand this topic better,
    let us take the
    protein that helps in the formation of our example
    of the Keratin genes.
    is a
    hairs, nails, and skin In most
    Keratin
    these things grOW at a
    Continuous speed as our hairs, nails, and skin get worncases,
    down
    over a period oft time. The production of
    the skin, dry and hard skin, and thick
    excessive keratin could form many hairs on
    and long nails. To avoid this, it is
    regulate the expression of the keratin gene. necessary to

    Regulation of gene expression includes different mechanisms through which our cells
    manage the amount of produced protein by our genes.

    Prokaryotic and Eukaryotie Transcription


    Regulation of genes occurs differently, depending on the type of organisms
    prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Eukaryotes refer to both multicellular and unicellular
    organisms like- animals, fungi. plants, and protists possessing cells with nuclei and
    other organelles present within the cell. Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms like
    bacteria which do not have a well-defined nucleus. Regulation of prokaryotic and
    eukaryotic transcription is completely different as eukaryotes have a well-defined
    nucleus and prokaryotes do not
    Prokaryotic Transcription Eukaryotic Transcription

    Occurs in the cytoplasm. Occurs within the nucleus.

    The transcriptional unit has one or more The transcriptional unit has just one gene
    genes

    Transcription and translation are coupled Transcription occurs in the nucleus, whereas translation in
    the cytoplasm

    RNAS are released and processed in the RNAS are processed in the nucleus and then released in the
    cytoplasm cytoplasm

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