The document outlines the definition, components, and functions of political parties, emphasizing their role in democracy. It explains the necessity of political parties for stable governance and public representation, as well as the different types of party systems: one-party, two-party, and multi-party systems. Additionally, it highlights India's multi-party system, which accommodates its diverse social and geographical landscape.
The document outlines the definition, components, and functions of political parties, emphasizing their role in democracy. It explains the necessity of political parties for stable governance and public representation, as well as the different types of party systems: one-party, two-party, and multi-party systems. Additionally, it highlights India's multi-party system, which accommodates its diverse social and geographical landscape.
The document outlines the definition, components, and functions of political parties, emphasizing their role in democracy. It explains the necessity of political parties for stable governance and public representation, as well as the different types of party systems: one-party, two-party, and multi-party systems. Additionally, it highlights India's multi-party system, which accommodates its diverse social and geographical landscape.
The document outlines the definition, components, and functions of political parties, emphasizing their role in democracy. It explains the necessity of political parties for stable governance and public representation, as well as the different types of party systems: one-party, two-party, and multi-party systems. Additionally, it highlights India's multi-party system, which accommodates its diverse social and geographical landscape.
an officer, where a person makes a sworn statement regarding his or her personal information. Defection : Changing party allegiance from the party on which a person got elected (to a legislative body) to a different party. Election commission : It is an independent multi-member body (at present 3 members) which is responsible for the superintendence, direction and conduct of elections in the country.
Rajiv Kumar (CEC of India) Opposition : The political party or a group of parties that are a part of the legislature, but not have sufficient majority to form the government. Partisan : A person who is strongly committed to a party, group or faction.
Partisanship is marked by a tendency to take a side and inability to take a balanced view on an issue. Ruling party : Political party that runs government. A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government They agree on some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote the collective good.
parties reflect fundamental political divisions in a
society Parties are about a part of the society and thus involve PARTISANSHIP.
Thus a party is known by which part it stands for,
which policies it supports and whose interests it upholds A political party has three components:
1,The leaders 2,Active Members 3,The Followers Define a political party
Name the three components
Characteristics Changing party allegiance from the party on which a person got elected (to a legislative body) to a different party. It is called -
A, Defection B, Affidavit C,Opposition D,Partisan Functions of a Political party 1,Parties contest elections.
In most democracies, elections are fought mainly
among the political parties through the candidates put up by them.
(In US members and supported chose candidates
In India leaders chose candidates )
They put up candidates for the election and try to
get the elected 2,Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
In democracy people hold different views on what policies
are useful for the society and the country
Political parties group various opinions together and
provide on what policy should be framed by the government
A government is supposed to frame its policies on the line
taken by the ruling party 3, Role in making laws for a country.
Laws are passed by the legislature.
But since most of the members belong to a
party, they go by the direction of the party leadership, irrespective of their personal opinions. 4,Parties form and run governments
The party which gets an absolute majority in the
legislature forms the government and runs the administration of the country.
If no party gets absolute majority, then several
parties join each other to form an alliance and form a government. 4, Role of opposition
Political Parties which lose in the election, form the
opposition. They criticise the government for its wrong policies and keep it under check.
They also mobilise the people against the
government for wrong policies. 5, To shape public opinion
Political parties, through their public meetings and
the media, educate the masses about the various problems facing the country. Sometimes, they also launch movements for the resolution 6, Access to government machinery and welfare schemes of the government:
For an ordinary citizen it is easy to contact a local
party leader than a government officer.
Local party leaders help an ordinary citizen to get
his/her work done. Q,Describe any four functions political parties perform in a democratic setup Necessity
We can understand the necessity of political
parties by imagining a situation without parties. Without political parties formation of a stable government is not possible
Every candidate in the elections will be independent.
No one will be able to make any promises to the people about any major policy changes.
The government may be formed, but its utility will
remain ever uncertain. No one will be responsible for how the country will be run. To gather public opinion
As societies become large, they need some agency
to-gather different views of the people on various issues, and to present these to the government.
This can be done by the political parties through their
members.
Thus, political parties are a necessary condition for the
working of democracy. "Political parties are a necessary condition for a democracy". Analyse the statement with examples. (Cbse 2016) How many parties should we have? In a democracy any group of citizens is free to form a political party. In this formal sense, there are a large number of political parties in each country. More than 750 parties are registered with the Election Commission of India. There are three types of party system
● One party system ( single party system)
● Two party system ( Bi - party system)
● Multi party system
One party system / single party system
Under the system only one party is allowed to function.
Any other political party is not allowed, hence no
opposition party. The same party runs administration. Political party and government follow a single ideology.
China is governed under this system. The only party in
China is Communist Party.
Others - Vietnam, Cuba,North Korea
Two party system ( Bi - party system)
Under this system, in a country, there are only two
major parties. One party functions as party in power; the other party is in opposition. Other parties may also exist, but they are very small.
Power usually changes between two main parties
Democratic VS Republican Labour party VS Conservative Multi-Party System
Under this system, there are several number of political
parties in a country.
Party with majority of representatives forms the
government; other parties acts as opposition parties.
India has multiple-party system. Some time, if no single
party has majority, two or more parties come together to form government. This system appears very messy and leads to political instability.
At the same time, this system allows a variety of
interests and opinions to enjoy political repre- sentation. Q,Why do we have a multi-party system in India?
India is a vast country with many social and geographical
diversities. People speak different languages, follow different religions. They have different customs and traditions. Some regions are very prosperous while others are underdeveloped and backward.
As a result, all the diversities cannot be absorbed and
looked after only by one or two parties. When several parties in a multi-party system join hands for the purpose of con- testing elections and winning power, it is called an alliance or a front. India there were three such major alliances in 2004 parliamentary elections– the National Democratic Alliance, the United Progressive Alliance and the Left Front.
