Project: Library Management System

import sqlite3
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def initialize_library_database():
# Connect to SQLite database
conn = sqlite3.connect('library.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()

# Create tables if not exist

cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS
books (id INTEGER PRIMARY
KEY AUTOINCREMENT, title
TEXT NOT NULL, author TEXT
NOT NULL, available INTEGER
NOT NULL)''')

cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS

issued_books (id INTEGER
PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
book_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
issued_to TEXT NOT NULL,
issue_date TEXT NOT NULL,
due_date TEXT NOT NULL,
return_date TEXT,
FOREIGN KEY(book_id)
REFERENCES books(id))''')

conn.commit()
conn.close()

def add_book(title, author, copies):

conn = sqlite3.connect('library.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('INSERT INTO books (title,
author, available) VALUES (?, ?, ?)', (title,
author, copies))
conn.commit()
conn.close()
def search_books(title=None, author=None):
conn = sqlite3.connect('library.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()

query = 'SELECT * FROM books WHERE 1=1'

params = []
if title:
query += ' AND title LIKE ?'
params.append(f'%{title}%')
if author:
query += ' AND author LIKE ?'
params.append(f'%{author}%')

cursor.execute(query, params)
books = cursor.fetchall()
conn.close()

print("\nBooks Available:")
print("ID | Title | Author | Available Copies")
print("-" * 40)
for book in books:
print(f"{book[0]} | {book[1]} | {book[2]} |
{book[3]}")

def issue_book(book_id, issued_to):

conn = sqlite3.connect('library.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('SELECT available FROM books
WHERE id = ?', (book_id,))
book = cursor.fetchone()

if book and book[0] > 0:

issue_date = datetime.now()
due_date = issue_date + timedelta(days=14)
cursor.execute('INSERT INTO issued_books
(book_id, issued_to, issue_date, due_date) VALUES
(?, ?, ?, ?)', (book_id, issued_to,
issue_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
due_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')))
cursor.execute('UPDATE books SET available =
available - 1 WHERE id = ?', (book_id,))
conn.commit()
print(f"Book issued successfully. Due date:
{due_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}.")
else:
print("Book not available for issue.")

conn.close()

def return_book(issue_id):
conn = sqlite3.connect('library.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()

cursor.execute('SELECT book_id, due_date FROM

issued_books WHERE id = ? AND return_date IS NULL',
(issue_id,))
issue = cursor.fetchone()

if issue:
book_id, due_date = issue
return_date = datetime.now()
cursor.execute('UPDATE issued_books SET
return_date = ? WHERE id = ?',
(return_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'), issue_id))
cursor.execute('UPDATE books SET available =
available + 1 WHERE id = ?', (book_id,))

due_date_obj = datetime.strptime(due_date,
'%Y-%m-%d')
if return_date > due_date_obj:
late_days = (return_date -
due_date_obj).days
print(f"Book returned late by
{late_days} days. Late fee: ${late_days *
1.0:.2f}.")
else:
print("Book returned successfully.")
 conn.commit()
else:
print("Invalid issue ID or book already
returned.")

conn.close()

def display_issued_books():
conn = sqlite3.connect('library.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('SELECT issued_books.id,
books.title, issued_books.issued_to,
issued_books.issue_date, issued_books.due_date,
issued_books.return_date '
'FROM issued_books INNER JOIN books ON
issued_books.book_id = books.id')
issued_books = cursor.fetchall()
conn.close()

print("\nIssued Books:")
print("ID | Title | Issued To | Issue Date | Due
Date | Return Date")
print("-" * 70)
for record in issued_books:
print(f"{record[0]} | {record[1]} |
{record[2]} | {record[3]} | {record[4]} | {record[5]
if record[5] else 'Not Returned'}")

# Initialize database
initialize_library_database()

# Example menu for interacting with the system

def main_menu():
menu_choices = [
"1. Add Book",
"2. Search Books",
"3. Issue Book",
"4. Return Book",
 "5. Display Issued Books",
"6. Exit"
]

predefined_inputs = iter([
"1", "The Great Gatsby", "F. Scott
Fitzgerald", "5",
"2", "The Great Gatsby", "",
"3", "1", "John Doe",
"5",
"4", "1",
"6"
])

while True:
print("\nLibrary Management System")
for choice in menu_choices:
print(choice)

try:
choice = next(predefined_inputs) #
Simulate input
print(f"Choice: {choice}")
except StopIteration:
print("No more inputs. Exiting...")
break

if choice == '1':
title = next(predefined_inputs)
author = next(predefined_inputs)
copies = int(next(predefined_inputs))
add_book(title, author, copies)
elif choice == '2':
title = next(predefined_inputs)
author = next(predefined_inputs)
search_books(title, author)
elif choice == '3':
book_id = int(next(predefined_inputs))
issued_to = next(predefined_inputs)
 issue_book(book_id, issued_to)
elif choice == '4':
issue_id = int(next(predefined_inputs))
return_book(issue_id)
elif choice == '5':
display_issued_books()
elif choice == '6':
print("Exiting...")
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try
again.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
main_menu()

Output:

Library Management System

1. Add Book
2. Search Books
3. Issue Book
4. Return Book
5. Display Issued Books
6. Exit
Choice: 1

Library Management System

1. Add Book
2. Search Books
3. Issue Book
4. Return Book
5. Display Issued Books
6. Exit
Choice: 2

Books Available:
ID | Title | Author | Available Copies
----------------------------------------
1 | The Great Gatsby | F. Scott Fitzgerald | 5
Library Management System
1. Add Book
2. Search Books
3. Issue Book
4. Return Book
5. Display Issued Books
6. Exit
Choice: 3
Book issued successfully. Due date: 2025-01-13.

Library Management System

1. Add Book
2. Search Books
3. Issue Book
4. Return Book
5. Display Issued Books
6. Exit
Choice: 5

Issued Books:
ID | Title | Issued To | Issue Date | Due Date | Return Date
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | The Great Gatsby | John Doe | 2024-12-30 | 2025-01-13 | Not Returned

Library Management System

1. Add Book
2. Search Books
3. Issue Book
4. Return Book
5. Display Issued Books
6. Exit
Choice: 4
Book returned successfully.

Library Management System

1. Add Book
2. Search Books
3. Issue Book
4. Return Book
5. Display Issued Books
6. Exit
Choice: 6
Exiting...

** Process exited - Return Code: 0 **

Press Enter to exit terminal