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C_Programming_Examples

The document provides examples of basic C programming concepts including arrays, strings, pointers, functions, parameter passing, and recursion. Each section includes code snippets that demonstrate the usage of these concepts, such as array initialization, pointer manipulation, function creation, and recursive algorithms for factorial and Fibonacci series. It serves as a practical guide for understanding fundamental C programming techniques.

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4 views

C_Programming_Examples

The document provides examples of basic C programming concepts including arrays, strings, pointers, functions, parameter passing, and recursion. Each section includes code snippets that demonstrate the usage of these concepts, such as array initialization, pointer manipulation, function creation, and recursive algorithms for factorial and Fibonacci series. It serves as a practical guide for understanding fundamental C programming techniques.

Uploaded by

shsahil9155
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C Programming Examples:

1. Array and String in C

--------------------------------

Array: A collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory.

String: A character array that ends with a null character (\0).

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

int main() {

// Array Example

int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

printf("%d ", arr[i]);

// String Example

char str[20] = "Hello, World!";

printf("\nString: %s", str);

return 0;

2. Pointer in C
--------------------------------

Pointers are variables that store the address of another variable.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 10;

int *p = &a;

printf("Value of a: %d\n", a);

printf("Address of a: %p\n", p);

printf("Value using pointer: %d\n", *p);

return 0;

3. Array with Pointer

--------------------------------

Arrays and pointers are closely related; the name of the array represents the address of its first

element.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int arr[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};


int *p = arr;

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

printf("Element %d: %d\n", i, *(p + i));

return 0;

4. Functions in C

--------------------------------

Functions are reusable blocks of code.

Built-in Libraries: Use libraries like #include <math.h>, #include <string.h>, etc.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

void greet() {

printf("Hello from a function!\n");

int main() {

greet();

printf("Square root of 16: %.2f", sqrt(16));

return 0;

}
5. Parameter Passing in C

--------------------------------

Call by Value: A copy of the variable is passed.

Call by Reference: The address of the variable is passed.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

// Call by Value

void swapValue(int x, int y) {

int temp = x;

x = y;

y = temp;

printf("Inside swapValue: x = %d, y = %d\n", x, y);

// Call by Reference

void swapReference(int *x, int *y) {

int temp = *x;

*x = *y;

*y = temp;

printf("Inside swapReference: x = %d, y = %d\n", *x, *y);

int main() {

int a = 5, b = 10;
printf("Before swapValue: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

swapValue(a, b);

printf("After swapValue: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

printf("Before swapReference: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

swapReference(&a, &b);

printf("After swapReference: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

return 0;

6. Recursion in C

--------------------------------

Recursion is a process where a function calls itself.

(a) Factorial:

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int factorial(int n) {

if (n == 0 || n == 1)

return 1;

return n * factorial(n - 1);

int main() {
int num = 5;

printf("Factorial of %d is %d\n", num, factorial(num));

return 0;

(b) Fibonacci Series:

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int fibonacci(int n) {

if (n == 0)

return 0;

if (n == 1)

return 1;

return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);

int main() {

int terms = 10;

printf("Fibonacci Series: ");

for (int i = 0; i < terms; i++) {

printf("%d ", fibonacci(i));

return 0;

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