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ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1

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(Introduction to Economics) .......................................03-05

(Economic Growth) .......................................06-09

(Inflation) .......................................10-17

(Financial Market) .......................................18-26

(Money) .......................................27-30

(Banking) .......................................31-40

(Planning System in India) .......................................41-45

(Poverty) .......................................46-48

(Unemployment) .......................................49-50

(Budget) .......................................51-53

(Tax) .......................................54-58

(Foreign Trade) .......................................59-64


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01
01.
vFkZ ' kkL= dk ifjp;


Wealth of Nation
______
M. Visves Varaya Planned Economy for Inidia


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3

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(Joint Sector)
public private
patnership ppp

(Co-operative)
Ex :– Co-operative
 Ex :– Co-operative Bank Co-operative

Ex :–


Ex :– Hospital,
Communication, Bank,

Note :–

21.82%,
24.23% 53.09%
(2022)


(Depending on ownership
of resources or means of production or role of
germent)
(Capitalist Economy)

[Laissez-faire (market forces demand and supply)
and private ownership]

(Socialist Economy)
 Government Intervention
Private (Pvt) and ownership)
Private 
Reliance  (It is also
TATA called state-based economy.)
(Mixed Economy)
Public sector  (Government and private
Public sector participation).


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4

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(Capitalist Economy)
 (Propounded by)
(Scottish Economist Adam Smith) 
 [Book - The  (Mixed Economy)
Wealth of Nation (1776)]  Propounded by –
 (Father of economy)
 (Laissez faire) (Laissez faire 
theory)
  (Great
Depression of 1929)
U.S.A., 


 (Socialist Economy) 
 (Propounded by)
India.
(Karl Marx) 






ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5

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02 vk£Fkd lao`f¼ (ECONOMIC GROWTH)

(National Income) (i) IMF, WHO

 (ii)
 (NSO& National Statistical
office) (iii)
 (NSSO & National Sample NOTE :–
Survey office)
 (CSO – central Statistical (a)
office) May NSO
 (First Estimation (b)
of National Income)
(Poverty & Unbirth rule in India book Writen by)
(c)

Prof. V.K. RV. Rao Rs.

(official Estimation)
P.C. Mahalanobis.
 Simon kuznets (1971
– Nobel Prize)
 (UN)
SNA 2008 (system of National Account)

(Domestic Territory)

 (Inter midiate Goods)
(a) (Embassy) (High

Commission) (consulates)
(Military)
(Raws Material)
(b) (ships) (Aeroplane) etc.

(c) (Himadri) (Bharti)  (Final (Goods )


(Maitri)
(d) (Exclusive Economic Zone –
 (Consumer Goods)
EZ) (200NM 370.40 KM)

(Normal Residents)
 (Capital Goods)
 
 

GDP

GDPMP : Gross Domestic Product at Market Price.

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 6

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NDPMP : Net Domestic Product at Market Price. NNP = 950 – D = 950 – 50 = 900
GNPMP : Gross National Product at Market Price. Q. GNP NNP
NNPMP : Net National Product at Market Price. Ans. GNP – NNP
GDPFC : Gross Domestic Product at Factor cost. GNP – (GNP – D)
NDPFC : Net Domestic Product at Factor cost. GNP – GNP + D
GNPFC : Gross National Product at Factor cost.
NNPFC : Net National Product at Factor cost. D=
 GDPMP 


GDP
NOTE :–  GDP 1
 (Financial Year) : 01 April to 31 March
 (AccountingYear) : 01 April to 31 March  (factor cost)
 (Calendra year) : 01 Jan to 31 Dec. Factor Cost

Price = Factor Cost (F.C.)

(GDP-Gross Domestic Products) MRP = FC (Factor Cost) + TAX
 GDP at Market Price (GDP(MP) )
GDP  GDP Market Price
G.D.P.  GDP(MP) :– Price
tata = 800 Man = 150 Tax
L. G = 300 GDP = 1100
 [GNP (Gross National GDP(MP) = GDP(FC) + Tax – Subsidies
Products)]  RBI (Financial year of RBI) 1 April to
 31 March.
 (Agricultural Year) 01 July to 30 June.
x 
y 
GNP = GDP + (x – y) Ram = 150 GDP

tata = 800
L.G = 300 Nominal GDP Real GDP PPP GDP
GNP = 1100 + (150 – 300) = 950  Nominal GDP
Note : x – y 
Case I : x=y GNP = GDP 
Case II : x>y GNP > GDP
 GDP
Case III : x<y GNP < GDP
 (Quarter)
Case IV : x=y=0 GNP = GDP
Q. GDP GNP
Ans. GDP – GNP
GDP – (x + y) 
(x – y) =  Real GDP
 [NNP (Net National Products)] 
 GNP 

NNP 
NNP = GNP – D D=  PPP GDP
tata = 800 Ram = 150  India – 1 Burger = Rs. 50
L.G = 300 D = 50 USA – 1 Burger = $2.
GDP = 1100
GNP = 950 $  Rs.25
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 7
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 3rd  Base Year = 2011

GDP at Factor Cost (GDP(FC) ) Nominal GDP
GDP Deflector = ×100
Real GDP
 GDP Factor Cost
(Purchasing Power Parity)
GDP(FC) = GDP(MP) – Tax + Subsidies
GDP Actual Nominal GDP 
Real GDP Base Year 

Nominal GDP
  PPP


 PPP
 Nominal GDP  PPP

 Nominal GDP Production Value  PPP PPP

Nominal GDP Price India = US × 17
GDP
$
Pencil Per Pencil Production Nominal GDP Purchasing Power Cost of good × in currency 1
Price Parity Formula = Cost of good × in currency 2
2011 5 20 5 × 20 = 100
1. (Depreciation) =
2012 6 19 6 × 19 = 114
2020 7 18 7 × 18 = 126 2. + NFIA =
2021 10 15 10 × 15 = 160 (NFIA – Net factor Income from Abroad)
2022 15 14 15 × 14 = 210
FI (+)
Real GDP
 FI (–)
3. MP – NIT = FC
 MP = (IT – Subsidy) = FC


 Real GDP Price

Production

Pencil Per Production Nominal Real GDP

–Dep
Pencil GDP
–NIT
Price GDPMP +N
–Dep FIA NDPFC
2011 5 20 5 × 20 = 100 5 × 20 = 100
ep
2012 6 19 6 × 19 = 114 5 × 19 = 95 –D +NFIA +Dep
–NI+NFIA
+NIT
2020 7 18 7 × 18 = 126 5 × 18 = 90
NDPMP NNPMP GNPMP
2021 10 15 10 × 15 = 160 5 × 15 = 75 +NFIA –Dep
–D
2022 15 14 15 × 14 = 210 5 × 14 = 70 –NIT –N ep
GDP =  GDP = 
IT
NNPFC
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 8
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(Expenditure / Consumption Method)

C + I + G + X – M = GDPMP
C= (consumption Expenditure)
I= (Investment Expenditure)
G= (Government Expenditure)
X= (Export)
M= (Import)
'Or'
GDPMP =
(Private Final Consumption Expenditure) = (C)
+
(Product Method / value added Method
 (Product Method) (Government Final Consumption Expenditure) = (G)
 ($ 0.50 Trillion) +
  ($ 1 Trillion)
(Gross Domestic capital formation) = (I)
 ($ 2 Trillion)
+
GDPMP – $ 3.5 Trillion
(Net Export)  (X – M)
–Dep  (Gross Domestic Capital,
+NFIA formeation)

NI (NNP) (Fixed
 Value Added Method) Assets)
Buildings, Total stock
 (Types of Income)
(Per Capita Income)


GDPMP
(Private Income)
+ NFIA + (Transfer
Income) + (Net carrent
transfer from Rest of the World) +
(National Debt. Interest)
(Income Method)
(Personal Income)
A. (Compensation of (Personal Income) – (Corporate
Employee) Tax) – (Undistributed Profit)
(i)  (Personal Disposable Income)
(ii) (Employer) 
 (Direct Tax) + 
(Mis- Fee & fine)
(iii)
 (Net Included in National
B. (Operating Surplus) Income)
(i) (Rent)  Second hand
(ii) Royalty
(iii) Interest
 (Transfer Payment / Income)
(iv) Profit
C. (Mixed Income)  (Black Money)
  (Value of Intermidiate (Gods)

 NFIA
A  B  C  NDPFC   NNPMP  NI  (Capital Gains)
 NIT

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 9
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03
01.
eqækLQhfr (INFLATION)
















 RBI

 


 
 RBI GOI



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 0

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 

 


RBI

 
 4%  2%




 


 
 90%


















 1st World War





ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 1

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(ii)
 (iii)

 
 (Tax) GST

 
 






(Tax)




 (Imported Inflation)
 
 


(a) RBI 
(b)

  spiral Inflation
      





Bottle neck Inflation

 

(i)
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 2
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 Feb – 2023 CPI – 6.44% WPI – 3.85%




 Head Line Inflation.



 Skewflation


 NSO (Ministry of Statictics programme Impleme-  Phillips Curve

ntation)  A.W. Phillips

 

 CPI



NOTE :–

Department 
for promation of Industry & Internal Trade (DPIIT) 

 WPI 
 B.N. Goldar

13.15%  WPI PPI

NOTE :–
 CPI WPI WPI CPI
CPI PPI
 PPI
 CPI WPI 

 CPI WPI

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 3

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  &
 > > Steel > coal 
> > >
 IIP 40.29%
 WPI
 DPIIT
 
 CPI 
 NSO

  & (Share)
 CPI -
 FAO  Bond
 (FAO)


 

 (IM > Ex)

 























ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 4

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  Neutral Fiscal Policy

 
 Subprime Lending / Crisis



  USA
Negative

 Fiscal Cliff
(i)  Subprimce
(ii)
(iii)
 (31 Dec 2012)
  01 Jan 2013

(i) (Siscall cliff)
(ii)  (Fiscal Drag)



 (Fiscal Consolidiction)


 Fiscal Guide OBAL

 Fiscal
Glide

 RBI RBI


 RBI



–



NOTE :–
(Dificilt Budget)
 IMF

 MPC

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 5

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 (MPC)  Repo Rate

 45-ZB  RBI

 RBI
RBI Repo – Repurchase Option
 penalty
MPC
 MPC 
 3 RBI 
 Banks RBI (Overnight)
 RBI Governor - MPC NDTL
 MPC  1 Cr.
 RBI  Bank Rate Repo Rate 25 Bps
NOTE :–
  Reverse Repo Rate
  RBI
 RBI

 MPC 


 RBI Act - Section 17
 RBI


 RBI Act

(TDTL) RBI

1. Bank Rate
 RBI
(LAF)
 cash
(a) Repo Rate

(b) Reverse Repo Rate
(MSF)


(a) (CRR)
(b) (SLR)
 NDTL

 Gold
 Bank Rate
 RBI

 RBI

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 6

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 Hawkish
 RBI

 RBI RBI



 RBI 
– RBI


 
 RBI

NOTE :–

Bank

 RBI


 RBI RBI

Penalty


 RBI

 Neutral
 RBI

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 7

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04
01.
fofÙk; cktkj (FINANCIAL MARKET)

 

(a)
(b) RBI
 (c) SEBI
(d) Bank
(e) Individuals Trusts.
(f) NBFCs
(g) Corporates (Big Business).
(h) Insurance Company.

 (Organised)


 – RBI, SEBI
 (Unorganised)


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 8
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 (c)
 NABARD, NHB, SIDBZ, EXIM, NaBFID
(d) (Amount)

(e) (Time period)






 (Money Market)  (Treasury Bill)
 (Financial  RBI
Assets) 
(a)
 RBI (b)
 (c)
 (Less Risk)  (FARM)
 Over the Counter.
 (Capital Market)  (Zero Risk)
 Zero Coupor
 (Gilt Edge)
 SEBI 
 
 (High Risk)
 Exchange Trade.  SLR
  (CashManagement Bill)
 
(Commercial Paper)  RBI
(Treasury Bill) 
(Cash Management Bill)
(Ways and Means Advances) 
(Bill of Exchange)  SLR Bank
(Certificate of Deposit)
(Call Money)  (Ways and Means Advances)
(Notice Money) 
(Term Money)  RBI
(Repurchase Agreement)
 (Commericial Paper) 

(a) (corporates)  RBI
(b) (Primary Dealers)
 NBFC RBI 

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 1 9

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 (Certificate of Deposit)  (Inter Bank Borrowings)

 
 RBI (collateral)
 (Call Money)

 Negotiable  (Notice Money)
 RRBs 
 (Term Money)
 
  BBA (British Banker Association)
 (Investors) :
Mutual fund company.  MIBOR (Mumbai Inter Bank offered Rate)
  NSE (National stock Exchange)

 CD (Certificate of Deposit) (Capital Market)


 CD (Certificate of Deposit) Dematerialised


 (Bill of Exchange)

(a) (Govt. Schenues)


(b)
(Fixed Assets)
(seller)  (Trade Bill)
 SEBI
 
Sign Bank  RBI



 Negotiable


 (Primary Market)
 (New issue Market)





 (Investors) Banks



 (Repurchase Agreement)
 (No Geographical

location)

Repo Reverse Repo
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 0
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 IPO (Initial public offering) FPO (Follow

on Public offeringe)

 (Secondary Market)



 (Investors) (Brokers)  (Equity share)


 
 (Geographical Location)  Prefrence

  (Prefrence share)
 BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange) NSE 
(National stock Exchange)







 (Equity)
  (Dividend)
 (High Risk) 
 (Dividend)
 (Return)  Bonds
 British
 
 (verylong term)
  Colletral
 (Tax) 
 (Debt)  (Low Risk)
 Bonds  Debentures
 (LOW Risk)  American
 (Interest) 
 (Return) (Regular) or (Fixed)
  (Long term)
 colletral


 (Tax)
 (High Risk)

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 1

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 BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange)


 Asia
 Native Share & stock Broker
Association.
 Mumbai
 Chairman S.S. Mundra
 MD & CEO
 Top 30
 BSE SENSEX
 NSE (National stock Exchange)

  Mumbai
 RBI 
 (Minimum Investment) Rs. 10000  Mumbai
 (Maximum Investment) Rs. 25  Chairman
 (Time period)  MD & CEO
  Top
 NSE NIFTY
 Vaghul
 Vaghut  NYSE (New York stock DOW Jones
 exchange)
 (Finance
house of India)
 NASDAQ NASD 100
 31 March 1987 R.N. Malhotra (Ex RBI Governor)
Discount & Finance House of
India (DHCI)
electronic
  Japan Nikkie
 China Composites Index

 Thai land SET

 London FTSE - 100
 Justice
 France CAC - 40

 Germany DAX
  Singapore SIMEX/Strait Times
  Pakistan KSE - 100
I II  Russia Moscow Exchange
 
(Stock Exchange)
  Sector Reforms.
 Stoke Market
9:15 AM
3:30 Saturday,
Sunday Market Close
Demet Account
 Profit
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 2
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 Freeflot  BSE

National Stock Exchange (NSE)

 BSE
Ex. :– Factory – 10 NSE
Company – 4 1992 Public Limited
–6
Share – 500 Rs.  NSE
Total Share – 1200
 SEBI
 Stock
 NSE

 NSE NIFTY NSE

NIFTY

(Listing)  NSE
1. IDBI
 2. IFCI
3. ICICI
4. LIC
 5. GIC
(SGL) 6. The SBI Capital Market Limited
7. The Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited
1994
8. The Infrastructure Leasing and Financial
Limited

 5
1.
(Broker)

(Bombay Stock Exchange) 

 BSE
Ex. :– Grow, Zirodha, Angel etc.
1875
2. (Demate Account)
1956
 BSE (INDEX) BSE Sensitive Index
SENSEX
 (Depository
Insitution)
30
1986 1. National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL)
 2. Central Depository Services Limited (CDSL)

SEBI

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 3

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3. (Placing an order)

 SEBI
1.
 (Code
of Conduct)
2.
4. Contract Note 3.

Contract Note Proof of

Transaction 4. (Audit)
 Contract Note 5.
(Brokerage)
Mutual Fund
5. (Settlement) 


 Mutual Fund 1964 Unit Trust of India
 (UTI)
(9:55 am to 3:30 pm)  Mutual Fund Fund Manager
(Kerb Trading) Fund Manager


Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)  Mutual Fund Return


SIP (Systematic Investment Plan)
1947  Mutual
Fund

 1992
(SEBI) 

1.  Return
 (Bull) :

2.  Bear

 Instidier Tranning
3. SEBI

4.  Equity
 (Insider Trading) Equity
 Bond
Bond
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 4
www.myGKstudy.com

12. Rular Electrification Corporation Limited (RECL)

______.
(Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna)
13. Oil India Limited (OIL) ______ Duliajan (Assam)


  1997 9
 (Security (PSE)
Exchange Board of India-SEBI) 14
(Minimum 
Prescribed Public Shareholding) 1

 100
(Average Annual Turnover) 25,000
(i)
 (Average (ii)
Annual Net Worth) 15,000 (iii)
(iv)
 (Average (v)
Annual Net Profit) 5,000 (vi)


1. Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limtied (MTNL)
______ New Delhi
2. National Buildings Construction Corporation
1. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) ______ (NBCC) ______ New Delhi
New Delhi 3. Container Corporation of India (CONCOR)
2. Bharat Heavy Elecricals Limited (BHEL) ______ ______ New Delhi
New Delhi 4. Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) ______
3. Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) ______ New Delhi
New Delhi 5. Engineers India Limited (EIL) ______ New Delhi
4. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) 6. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) ______
______ Mumbai Bengaluru
5. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) 7. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) ______
______ Mumbai Bengaluru
6. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) ______ 8. Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) ______
New Delhi Mumbai
7. Coal India Limited (CIL) ______ Kolkata 9. National Aluminium Company (NALCO) ______
8. National Thermal Power Corporation Limited Bhubaneswar
(NTPC) ______ New Delhi 10. National Mineral Development Corporation
9. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) (NMDC) ______ Hyderabad
______ Head Office : Dehradun Registered of-
11. Neyveli Lignite Limited (NLC) ______ Tamil Nadu
fice : New Delhi
12. Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL) ______
10. Power Finance Corporation (PFC) ______ New
Delhi Visakhapatnam
11. Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) 13. ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL) ______.
______ Gurgaon 14.

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 5

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Indian Standard Organisation (ISO)

1 2
 NSSO
ISO
Net worth ISO – 9001 =
ISO – 14001 =
ISO – 9202 =
ISO – 18001 =
ISO – 22000 =
ISO – 27001 =

1.
$

2.

3. Ecomark Indirect Tax

4. Agmark

5. Fssai
6. ISI mark

7. FPO mark
8. Non-pollution Vehicle mark Bharat Stage
(BS) II, III, IV, V, VI 



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 6

www.myGKstudy.com

05
01.
eqæk (MONEY)

 (Stock)

 Bank
 RBI
 (Flow)


 (Money
Aggreegate)

(old Method)
(New Method) By
(Primary Functions) Y.V. Reddy.
(a) (Medium of Exchange)  Types of Deposit in Bank
(b) (Measure of Value)  (Demand Deposit)
(Secondary Functions) 1. Current Account
2. Saving Account
(a) (Store of Value)
 (Time Deposit)
(b) (Standard of Deferred 1. FD (Fixed Deposit) Minimum day's Maximum
Payment) 10 yrs.
(c) (Transfer of Value) 2. RD (Recurring Deposit) Minimum 6 Months &
Maximum 10 Yrs.
 (Barter System)
 (Saving Account)




 (Double Co-  Passbook
incidence of Wants)
 Overdraft



 (Major  (Current Account)

Problems of the Barter System)  Company Firm
 (Double Coincidence of Wants)
 (Difficult to carry forward 
wealth)

 (Absence of a stan-
 Passbook
dard unit of account)
 (Money Supply)  Overdraft
  (FD - Fixed Deposit)

 stock concept 
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 7
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 (OD)  RBI
 (RD - Recurring Deposit)  NM2  NM1 +
 + (Certificate of
Deposit)
 6 Month  NM3  NM2 +

NDTL :– Net Demand & Time Liability
(Types of Money)

1. Central Bank Money =

2. Commercial Bank Money = M1 & M3

 3. MO > M1 > M2 > M3 > M4 > M0 > M1

 (Narrow Money)
 M1


 (Broad Money)
 M3 – M1 + FDR

 (Dear / Tight Money)
 RBI (Policy Rate)
(Reserve Ratio)

M2 = M1 + Postoffice saving.
M3 = M 1 +  (Cheap Money)
M4 = M 3 + NSC  RBI (Polioy Rate)
(Reserve Ratio)
 (New Monetary Aggregates)
  (Intrinsic Value)

 NMO  C + RBI + OD
(C)   (Extrinsic Value)
 Face Value
OD  RBI  (Full Bodied Money)
 NM1  C + DD + OD

(C) 
(DD) 
Gold Coin.
(Demand Deposit with Banks)
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 8
www.myGKstudy.com

 (Commodity Money)  Bitcoin

 

 RBI
 (Token Money) Supreme court

(Token Money)  Cryptocurrency
Legal
 (Good Money)

 (Bad Money)
(Monetary system in India)
  (coins)
 Gresham's Law  (coins) (Minted)
 Indian coinage Act, 1906 (2011)
 (Fiat Money) 
 Fiat = Order Mumbai, Hyderabad, kolkata, Noida.
  (Cur-
rency Ordiance 1940.)
 (Finance
 Fiat Money Seceratory)
 Rs. 1000
 (Fiduciary Money)  (Notes)
  Rs. 2 RBI

 (Near Money / Quasi Money)  RBI

  Rs. 10,000

FD, RD
 (Hot Money)


USA Japan
china UK
 (Hard Money)

USA
 Currency Note Press Nasik Bank Note Press
 (Soft Money) Dewas.
 
 RBI (Basis of Issuing
 (Plastic Money) of Notes by RBI)
 Debit Card and Credit Card.  RBI (Reserve Ratio)
 (Virtual Money) RBI
 Internet Gold
Bitcoin.
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 2 9
www.myGKstudy.com

 RBI (Minimum Re-  (Demonetization)

serve System)  Rs. 500 Rs. 1000
RBI Rs. 200 Cr.
(Reserve Money)  Rs. 10,000
 (Demoneti zation)
Rs. 1000 Rs. 10,000
 RBI Rs. 1000, Rs. 10000 Rs.
5000
 (Demonetization) 1978 (Rs.
1000, Rs. 5000 Rs.
Note :–  (Demonetization)
 India Security Press – Nasik (Govt. Bond) Rs. 500 Rs.
 Security Printing Press – Hyderabad (Post offic
 (Due to Demonetization)
stamp.)
 Security Paper Mill – Hosargabad (MP)  Corrup-
 tion
 
 Funding
 Digitization



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 0

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05
01.
cSafdax (BANKING)

 DICGC (Deposit) (insured)

(Banking System in India)
 DICGC (Deposit Insurance & Credit Guaran-
 (Bank) tee Corporation)
 (Deposit)  DICGC
July
 RBI (Subsidary)
 (NBFC) (Non-Banking Finance

Company)

 (Deposits)

Note :–
NOTE :– NBFC


 Premium – 12P / 100

 (Bank)
 (19 MPI Micro Finance Insti-

tution)
(Deposit) (Loan)

 (Banking Regu-
lation Act 1949)

 cheque
 (Payment and Settlement
 H. Malegham
system)
 RBI

 (credit creation)

 CRR SLR
 MFI
 DICGC (Deposit) (insund)
 MFI RBI MCA (Ministry of
 (NBFC)
Corporates Affairs)
 (Deposit)

 cheque
 (Payment and settlement
System)
 (MCA Ministry
of corporates Affairs)
 (credit creation)
 CRR SLR
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 1
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 (Co-operative Bank)
(Regulation) (Registration) (Control)
RBI & NABARD (Dual Centre)

1. RBI
(Co-operative Sotichy Act 1912) 2. State Registrar of Society
(Lauy)
Multi State Co- operative
Society Act -2002.

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 2

www.myGKstudy.com

NOTE :–
 (Muli state Co-operative Bank) RBI
 N.S. RBI 4 -Tier
structure
1. Tier-1 – – Rs. 100 Cr.
2. Tier-2 – Rs. 100-1000 Cr.
Tier-3 – Rs. 1000-10000 Cr.
4. Tier-4 – Rs. 10,000 Cr.

 SBI (State Bank of India)

 Presideney Bank & Bank of Calcutta.
 Bank of Calcutta Bank of Bengal
 Second Presidency Bank Bank of Bombay.
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 3
www.myGKstudy.com

 Third Presidency Bank Bank of Madras.  ICICI

 Presidenty Bank Emperial  HDFC
Bank of India  AXIS UTI (2003-2004)
 01 July 1955 ( ) – Emperial Bank of  Kotak Mahindra (2003-2004)
 Yes (2003-2004)
India State Bank of India (SBI)
 Bandhan (2014)
 1959 State Bank of India Associate - Bank Act
 IDFC (2014)
8 Bank SBI
 (Private Foreign Bank)
Associate

 1963 State Bank of Bikaner State Bank of  SCB (Standard Charted Bank)
Jaipur State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur  RBS (Royal Bank of Scotland)
(SBBJ)  CITI Bank.
 2008 State Bank of Saurastra State Bank of  RBI Licence
India (SBI) Merge  NBFC, MFI Banking
 2010 State Bank of Indore State Bank of India
(SBI) Merge  (Experiance)
 2017 Associates Bank state Bank of Rs. 500 cr.
India (SBI) Merge  Licence
 5 – Associates Bank
1. SBBJ (State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur) 
2. SBH (State Bank of Hyderabad) NOTE :– Private Bank ICICI
3. SBM (state Bank of Mysore)  (RRBs Regional Rural Bank)
4. SBP (State Bank of Patiyala) 
5. SBT (state Bank of Travancore)
 SBI

 SBI 43rd
 RRBs
 SBI Mutual Fund
(Prathana Gramin Bank) Syndicate Bank
 SBI Mumbai
 Goa & sikkim RRBs
 SBI Dinesh Kumar khara (since – (07
 RRBs
Oct 2020)
(Govt. of India) – 50%
 (Nationalised Banks)
(sponsered Bank) – 35%

(state Government) – 15%
 Rs. 50 cr.

 Rs. 200 Cr.
 IBDI
LIC
 19 Nov 2013 –
Rs. 1000 Cr. SBI Merge

NOTE :–

(Private Sector Bank)

 (Private Indian Bank)


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 4

www.myGKstudy.com

 (NABARD MUDRA BANK

– National Bank for Agriculture and Ruler De- (Micro Unit Developme.nt Refinance
velopment.)
 SIDBI
 – 12 July
 April, 2015
 Rs. 100 Cr.
 (PMAY)
 31 March 2002 17080 Cr.
 – Mumbai
RRB NBFC
 Head – Shri Shaji K.V.
MSMEs

 SIDBI – Small In-
 MUDRA Bank
dustries Development Bank of India.
Rs. 50,000
 02 April, 1990
Rs. 50,000 – Rs. 5
 Lucknow
Rs. Rs.
 Chairman –
 MSMEs NHB (National Housing Bank)
 – 09 July 1988 (NHB Act, 1987)
 SIDBI
 – New Delhi
 – 20.85%
 Chairman – Sharad Kumar Hota
 SBI – 15.65%
 LIC – 13.8%  RBI
 (MSMEs Min-
istry of Micro Small & Medium Enterprises.) EXIM (Export and Import Bank)

 (EXIM Act 1981 )
(Micro Enterprises) 
(Small Enterprises)  – Mumbai
(Medium Enterprises) 
 MSMES 
MICRO SMALL MEDIUM
Rs. 25 Rs. 25 Rs. 5 NaBFID (National Bank for Financiary
M/C 5 cr. cr. – 10 cr. Infrastructure and Development)

Rs. 2 cr.  – 28 March, 2021 (NaBFID Act & 2021 )

10 & 5 cr.  – Mumbai
(Equipment Rs. 2 cr.  Chairman – K.V. Kamath
 cr.
 MSMEs
MICRO SMALL MEDIUM
Rs. Rs. Rs. 10  (Local Area Bank)
1 cr. – 10 cr 1 cr. – cr. – 20 cr. 
10 cr. 
turnover Rs. turnover Rs.
Rs. 5 cr. Rs. 5 100 cr. 
cr. – 50 cr.

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 5

www.myGKstudy.com

  RBI Governors
 RBI – Shri Shaklikant Das (25th)
  RBI Deputy Governors –1. M.K. Jain
Coastal Local Area Bank – Andra pradesh 2. Dr. M.D. Patra
Local Area Bank – Andra Pradesh 3. Shri M.R. Rao
Local Area Bank – 4.Shri T.Rabi Shankar.
Capital Local Area Bank –  RBI

RBI (Reserve Bank of India)  RBI – Osborne Smith

 Hilton – Young Commission (Royal Com-  RBI – James Braid Taylor
mission) RBI Report  RBI – C.D. Deshmukh
 RBI (Act)  Dr. Man Mohan Singh RBI
 01 April 1935 RBI
 Benegal Rama Rao RBI
 Rs. 5 cr.
 01 Jan 1949 RBI  Deputy Governor – K.J. Udeshi.
 RBI April June  Deputy Governer
Ushe Thorat shyamla Gopinath.
NOTE :–
 RBI Emperial
 RBI Tiger & Palmtree
Bank of India
 RBI
RBI (offices of RBI)
RBI (Subsidiary of RBI)
 RBI Calcutta
 DICGC (Deposit Insurance and Credit Guar-
Mumbai shift antee Corporation).
 4 Zonal / Locals officies.  BRBNMPL(Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note
North – New Delhi Mudran Private Limited)
South – chennai  Banglore
East – Kolkata
 03 Feb 1995
West – Mumbai
 ReBIT (Reserve Bank Information Technol-
 (Regional Offices)
ogy Private Limited)
 3 Training College.
1. Banker's Training College, Mumbai  Mumbai
2. Reserve Bank staff college, Chennai 
3. College of Agricultural Banking, Pune.  IFTAS (Indian financial Technology and Allied Ser-
 vices)
NOTE :– RBI  Mumbai

 RBIH (Reserve Bank Innovation Hub)
 Bangluru
 24 March 2022
 RBI Report

(Monetary Policy Report)

(Financial stability Report)
(Report on Financial Revics)

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 6

www.myGKstudy.com

 RBI (Functions of RBI ) 





(Service Area Apporach)
 (NPCI – National Pay-
ment Corporation of India)



 (Small Finance Bank)  NPO (Not for Profit Organisation)

 XXV
 VIII
 Mumbai
 RBI (Indian Banking Asso-
 ciation)

 (Priority Sector)
 NPCI
 RBI CRR SLR 1. BHIM (Bharat Interface for Money)
 2. UPI (Unified Payments Interface)
3. CTS (cheque Truncation System) – 2010
 Licence Rs. 100 cr. (cheque clear )
4. NFS (National Financial switch)
 12 small Finance Bank
5. NACH (National Automated clearing House)
 (Payment Bank) 6. AEPS (Aadhaar Enabled Payment system)
 7. RuPaY (Rupee and Payment)
8. BBPS (Bharat Bill Payment system)

(Non-Performing Assets.)
 (Assets)
(a)
(b) Payment


 Licence Rs. 100 cr.

Airtel, Paytm, Fino, Indiapost Pay-
ment Bank, Jio, NSDL.
 NBSC
 (Lead Bank Scheme)
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 7
www.myGKstudy.com

 Credit Rating Agencies Type of Cheque


 Bearer Cheaque

 SEBI
 Credit Rating Agency.
 Order Cheque
(a) FITCH
(b) MOODY'S
(c) Security & Portfolio (S&P)  Cross Cheque
 credit Rating Agencies
1. CRISIL – Credit Rating Information Services of
India Limited. (Largest & oldest).  Gift Cheque
2. ICRA – Investment Information and credit Rat-
ing Agency.  Post Dated Cheque
3. CARE – Credit Analysis and Research. Post Dated Cheque
4. SMERA – SME Rating Agency. Acuite Rating Cheque Post Dated cheque
& Research Ltd. New name)
5. Informetrics
6. Brick Work  Blank Cheque
 Credit Rating CIBIL (Credit Information Blank Cheque
Bureau of India Limited)  Cheque Bounce

(Cheque) Cheque Bounce


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 8
www.myGKstudy.com

(Bank Draft) Real Time Gross Settlement or RTGS

  NEFT RTGS
RTGS


 RTGS
RTGS

 RTGS


IFSC Code (Indian Financial System Code)

NEFT, RTGS, ECS
(Core Banking)
 Core Banking Solution (CBS)  IFSC
Centralise Banking Solution (CBS)


MICR Code
 (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition Code)


(National Electronic Fund Transer-NEFT)

 SWIFT Code (Society for Worldwide Interbank
Financial Telecommunications code)
 NEFT 

 RBI NEFT
9:00AM  SWIFT
2:00
 NEFT IFSC
 SWIFT
NEFT

 SWIFT

 NEFT ATM (Automated Tailer Machine)

 ATM

 NEFT
(PIN)

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 3 9

www.myGKstudy.com

 ATM  16 Digit ATM Card Number

ATM Expiry Date Card Verification
Value CVV
 ATM Card
ATM SBI  4

ATM
1. ATM ATM
ATM
LOGO
2. ATM ATM

ATM
(LOGO)
3. ATM
ATM ATM

ATM
POS (Poil of sale)  Credit Card
Credit Card
Credit Card easily loan
ATM (Automated Teller Machine)  limit)
 (Loan)

Debit Card Credit Card  Credit Card Loan

 Debit Card –

 Secure
 Security process



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 0

www.myGKstudy.com

07
01.
Hkkjr esas ;kstuk iz.kkyh

 (Plannig System in India) 


USSR  (Centralized Planning)
 

 
 (Top down Planning
 –4 Approach)
DPSP  (Decentralized Planning)
 (Objectives of Economic 
Planning)  (Bottom up Planning
approach)


(Planning System in India)
 M. Visvesvarya Plan
 M. Visvesvaraya

 Planned Economy for India.



  Bombay Plan
 Bombay

(Types of Plan)
(i) J.R.D. Tata
 (Indicative Planning) (ii) G.D. Birla
 (iii) Pursottam Das Thakur Das.
(iv) Kastur Bhailal Bhai
(v) Lala Shri Ram
 (vi) A.D. Shroff
 (vii) Ardeshir Dalal
 (viii) John Mathai
 (Imperative Planning) 


 China Russia
 (National Planning committee)
 (Perpective Planning)  (INC) Subhash
 chandra Bose
 Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 1

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 Gandhian Plan 
 1944
 S.N. Agrawal  "Think tank"
 

 (People's Plan) Vice-chairman –

 CEO – BVR Subrahmanyam
 M.N. Roy (Governing council) –

(LG)
 Sarvodaya Plan
(Regional Council) –
 1950
 J.P. Narayan


 (Planning Commission) (a) V.k. Saraswat (Ex-chairman DRDO)
 15 March 1950 (b) Ramesh chand
 (c) Vinod Kumar Paul
(d) Arvind Virmani
  (Part-time)

Deputy 
(i) Nitin Gadkari
(ii) Piyush Goyal
(iii) Virendra kumar
(iv) Ashwini Vaishnaw

(v) Rao Indrajeet singh

 Hubs
(2 Hubs of NITI Aayog)
Note :–
(LG)  Team India Hub
 (National Developement 
Council Candidi should) 
 06 August 1952 
 (Chairman) –  Knowledge and Innovation Hub
  (Research Wing)
(LG)  NGO Think
 Tank
 
(Approved)  AIM

(NITI Aayog)  AIM

 National Institution for Transforming India. 1. Atal Lab.
 – 01 Jan 2015 

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 2

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2. Atal incubation Centre. 

 start-up
3. ANIC & Atal New India challenge.
 

4. Mentor India Campaign. 

 
corporates, 
5. Atal Community Innovation Centre (ACIC) 
 Tier 2 Tier 3
(Non&served) 

(Arised) (1956–1961)
 NSME  P.C.





U.K.
CEO


(LG) (LG)




Deputy chairman Vice-chaiman  USSR

Top-down approach Bottom-up
approach.
(1961–1966)


(1951–1956)
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 3
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 


(i) 
(ii)
(iii) 


1966–69

 (1974–78)
 




 [Rolling Plan (1978–80)]

High yield verity DDT



(1980–85)

 UP 



(G.M.)

(1969–74)
 








 

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 4
www.myGKstudy.com

 

(1985–90) (2002–2007)
 

 




 


 (2007–2012)

(1992–97)


24% 22%

 (2012–2017)



 


(1997–2002)







ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 5

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08
01.
xjhch (POVERTY)

 NSSO


(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(v)
 National Statistical Office NSO NSSO
CSO (National
Statistical Office- NSO)

Data Collection Methods

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 6

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 (Relative Poverty) (More unequal)



 (Inequality)




(Total en quality)
(i) (Lorenz Curve)
(ii) (Ginni Co-efficient)
 (Lorenz Curve)
 Max.O. Lorez


 (Absolute Poverty)


 World Bank $2.15



 (Ginni Co-efficient)
 Coredo Ginni
 Degree

G=0 
G=1 (a) (Pre-independence)
(Perfect Equality) (i) Poverty and Unbritish rule in India (1901) Rs.
Dict
(ii) Rs. 15-20

(iii) Bombay Plan (1944) Rs. 75

(b) (After independence)
(i) V.M. Dandkar and N. Rath
 – 1960-61
(Unequal)

 calories

 2250 kcal
(ii) Y.k Alagh


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 7

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 

 2400 kcal Top


 MPI
 2100 kcal Million
  Head Count Ratio –
(iii) D.T. Lakda Wala

  Palma Ratio
 Y.k. Alagh
(iv) Suresh Tendulkar
Top 10% (Rich )
NI – Bottom 40% (Poor)

  Ragnor Nurkse


 Rs. 816
 Rs. 27
(Household)
 Rs. 4080

 Rs.
 Rs.
(Household)
 Rs. 5000
(v) C. Rangarajan



(a) Calories
Protein Rat.
2155 kcal 48 gm 28 gm (Causes of Poverty in India)
2090 kcal. 50 gm 26 gm
 (Social Causes)
(b)
 (Illiteracy)
 (Caste System)
Rs. 972 Rs. 1407
 (Bonded Labour, Begar)
Rs. 32 Rs. 47
 (Economic Causes)
Rs. 4860 Rs. 7035
 (Rapidity Rising Population)
NOTE:–
 (Inflation)
 NSO
 (Low Agricultural Profitability)
NSSO
 (Unemployntent)
 
 (Low Level of income)

 (Lack of skill)
 (Governance Calcies)

 (corruption)
 MPI
 (Lack
 of reach of Poverty alleviation Program)
 (Errors in poverty
 World inequality Data base Report 2021 World
identification)
inequality Lab, Paris School of economics)
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 8
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09
01.
csjkstxkjh (UNEMPLOYMENT)

  (Cyclic Unemployment)


 NSSO

(a)

(b)
 (Structural Unemployment)
(c) 


 (Technological
Unemployment)

(Employer

 (Crictional
Unemployent)






   100  (Disguised Unemployment)


(a + b) 
   100

 

(a)
  100 
 (Chronic Unemployment)
 (Open Unemployed ) 

 (Vulnerable
 (Seasonal Unemployment) Unersployment)
  (Employer)
Ice creamfactory (Employee)
(Format contract)

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 4 9

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Ola, Uber, Swiggy, zomato

 Greek Workers UR 2.1% (2.1% – 2020 – 21) 4.5% (4.8% – 2020 – 21)
NOTE:– UR 3.8% (3.8% – 2020 – 21) 6.5% (7.1% – 2020 – 21)
 LFPR 36.6% (36.5% – 2020 – 21) 29.2% (30% – 2020 – 21)
 LFPR 78.2% (78% – 202 – 21) 76.7% (76.7% – 2020 – 21)
 NSSO 35.8% (35.8% – 2020 – 21) 27.9% (28.6% – 2020 – 21)
WPR
WPR 75.3% (78.1% – 2020 – 21) 71.7% (71.2% – 2020 – 21)
 (Usual status Approach)
UR 4.1% 6.6% (7.5% – 2020 – 21)

LFPR 55.2% 51.7% (51.7% – 2020 – 21)
WPR 52.9% 48.3% (47.9%– 2020 – 11)

 (Cument Weekly
status Approach)
UR 7.9% (8.6% – 2020 – 21) 9.9% (12.2% – 2020 – 21)
 LFPR 23.8% (23.2% – 2020 – 21) 22.1% (22.1% – 2020 – 21)
WPR 21.9% (21.22% – 2030 – 21) 19. 9% (19.9% – 2020 – 21)

 CMIE (Centre for Monitoring Indian

 (Daily status Approach) Economy)
 (Reference Week) March 2023 Feb
7.5%
 CMIE March 2023

 Periodic Labour force Survey Report (2021-


22)
 NSSO 01 April 2017 NOTE :–
 CMIE

(a) (UR)
(b) (LFPR) 
(e) (WPR) Dec 2022 – 19.1%
March 2023 – 17.6%



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 0

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10
01.
ctV (BUDGET)

 (Bowgctle) 
Gift Tax
 

(Blue Print) 

  Black Budget) Y.V. Chawar







 Epochal Budget)

 (Dream Budget)

 IT

 February
February


 07 April 1860 (James Wilson) 

 Nov. 1947 (R.K.
Bahi - Khata)
 Feb. 1950 (John  Paper Less Budget
Mathai)

Leak)
North Block

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 1
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Subsidy  %
 %
 %
 %
 %


(Budget 2023–24)

Note:-

(a)

 Line item based

Budget)

 (Zero Based Budget)–

 %
 %
 %
(Defence)  %  (Peter Phyrr)
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 2
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(Gender Based Budget)



Australia

(Outcome Based Budget

FRBM Act



(Fiscal Responisbility & Budget Management Act.)–


 (Performance Based Budget)

% %( %

0.3%

 = – % %

 = – GDP
= –[ + – % %
] %
Note
(Fiscal Council)

FRBM

(Escape Clause)
 FRBM
= –  %
Primary Deficit) Note Covid FRBM
5. Effective Revenue Deficite
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 3
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11
01.
dj (TAX)

 (Regressive Taxation)
(Incidence of Tax) (Impact of Tax) 
  
 Direct Tax GST


 Indirect Tax


 (Proportional Taxation)



 
GST  (Degressive Taxation)


 (Progressive Taxation)




ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 4

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(Income Tax)







Section 80 (c)
 LIC Premium
 NSE Note :–
 Tution fee  New Tax Regime
  Section 80 (c) Deduction
 Tax Rebate 25,000 Amount
 Provident Fund

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 5
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 Surcharge 25% 37%

 ( Securities Transaction Tax)
 shares Debentures
Bonds


(Dividend Distribution Tax)



(Minimum Alternate Tax)





 (Cess)

 (Sur charge) (Global Minimum Corporate Tax)

  G
 
Note :–
 Cess Surcharge (Fringe Benefit Tax)

(Corporate Tax) Mobile phone
 30%



(Wealth Tax)
(Capital Gain Tax)  =
 Balance.
 (Wealth Tax Act 1957)
1.
 2016
2.

(Exciseduty)
3.



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 6

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 Petroleum, Medicine VAT (Value Added Tax)

 Tax
(Custom duty) 
(Tax Authorities)


 "terrif"

Counter Vailing Duty


subsidy
 Subsidy Product

Anti - Dumping Duty

 GST
 product
Product (Aviation turbine fuel),
(extra competition)
WTO  GST
Dumping  (Value Added Tax)

(CST - Central Sales Tax) One Nation One Tax

 (Inter State trade)  (Cascading effect)

 (Input Tax Credit)

 GST
(Service Tax)
 GST


1. 366-12(A) GST
2. 246 (A) GST

GST

3. 279 (A)– GST (IGST) GST

(Land Revenue)
4. 279 (A)– GST (GST council)


(i)
(ii)
(iii)
 Toilet (iv) GST 1/3 2/
Petroleum 3

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 7

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Note :– 4 Other members

1 secretary
 GST (Dual GST Model)  Chairman - N.K. Singh
4 Other member – Ajay narayan Jha, Anup Singh,
Ashok Lehri, Ramesh Chand
Secretary – Arvind Mehta.



 GST (Vertial Devolution)

 (Precious Stones) GST = 0.25

Gold Jwellery – 3%
J&K
 GST

(Horizontal Devolution)


(Finance Commission) 14th Finance Commission 15th Finance Commission

 Income Distance – 50%  Tax efforts – 2.5%

 Forest and ecology –  Demographic
 7.5% performance – 12.5%
  Area – 15%  Income Distance – 45%

  Population – 27.5%  Forest and Ecology – 10%

 Area – 15%

 Population – 15%
1 Chairman



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 8

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12
01.
fons'kh O;kikj (FOREIGN TRADE)

(Open Economy) (Fixed Exchange rate systems)

 
(a) (Gold Bullion Standard) Bretton-wood
(b) systems
(c)  (Gold Reserve)

(Closed Economy)

(a)
(b) 
(c)  (Devaluation)
 (Revalution)
LPG
(Flexible / Floating exchange Rate systems)
 1971 - 1995
(Forex Reserve - $ 595.98 Billion)



 (Depreciation of currency)

(Reserve Trench Position)  (Appreciation of Currency)

($5.192 Billion)

(Foreign Exchange Rate)



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 5 9

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(Managed Floating Exchange) (SDR - Special Drawing Right)

  IMF
 IMF (funds)
  (Artificial Currency)
(RBI)  Paper Gold
Note :– IMF



 IMF
(IMF- Internatinal Monetatory Fund)
(a) GDP – 50%
 Great Depression (1930s) (b) (Openess) – 30%
 27 Dec. 1945 (c) (economic variability)– 15%
 (d) (International Reserve)– 5%
 IMF 2.76% (
 1944 Bretton - wood
– 2.64%
 Total - 190
 IMF Basket Currency
 (a) US - Dollar (b) UK - Pound
 Staff members – 150 (c) Yen - Japan (d) European – Euro
(e) Yuvan – China (2016 )

IMF 
  (Balance of Payment)

 

ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 6 0

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(Asian Development Bank) 

ADB  WTO




 (Takehiko
Nakao) ADB

 ADB
ADB

10%
5%
AIIB - (Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank)
 AIIB
 Note:– WTO WTO


(UNCTAD)


(United Nation Conference on Trade

and Development)

(World Trade Organisation)-WTO)



 UNO



 
 



 IMF
 
Note :– World Investment and
 Trade


 WTO


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 6 1
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 (ASEAN)


Association of South East Asian Nation)




(APEC)

(BRICS Bank)
(New Development Bank)
  APEC

 
 (SAARC)
 BRICS
 (South Asian
Association for Regional Co-operaton-SAARC)
 BRICS

(TPP)
 



(NAFTA )
 TPP 40%  (North
60% American Pre Trade Agreement)
 (NAFTA)

Note :–

(OECD) 


(SAFTA)
 South Asian Preferential Trading Agreement



ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 6 2
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 (SAFTA)
(SAARC)


 SAFTA

(i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

(v) (vi)

(vii) (viii)
 (NER-Nominal Exchange
(OPEC) Rate)

 (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)
 (NEER & Nominal
 Effective Exchange Rate)
 NER (Weighted Average)

US
(SCO) UK
  NEER = USA × USA + UK
 NER × UK
= 73 × 0.6 + 103 × 0.4 = 85
 (RER - Real Exchange
 Rate)



 (IBSA) India Brazil South Africa)

USA $ 20 Rs. 200.

20
RER = 73 × = 7.3
200
NOTE :–
(BIMSTEC)  RER
 (BISTEC)
 NEER

(BIMSTEC)

 

 NEER
(Devaluation of Currency) NEER

  REER


  NEER


ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 6 3
www.myGKstudy.com

 REER  (Export) (credit)

(Import) (Debit)
 (Balance of Payment)


 BOP RBI
 IMF
 (Double entry Accounting
System)

 (FDI-Foreign Direct (a) Green field FDI

Investment) 
 (b) Brown field FDI
 
  (CPI-Foreign Portfolio
 investment)
 
 
(a) Government Rule (Permission 
(b) Automatic / Direct Route (Permission 

 FDI
ECONOMICS :– By Dr. Bharat Sir KGS – 6 4
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