Java Report for BTech Presentation
Introduction
Java is one of the most popular programming languages, known for its platform independence,
robustness, and extensive library support. It has found applications in various domains such as web
development, enterprise software solutions, mobile applications, and real-time systems. The
objective of this project is to develop a real-time chat application using Java. Java's support for
socket programming and multi-threading makes it ideal for building communication systems where
multiple clients can connect simultaneously and exchange messages.
Literature Review
Over the years, the need for real-time communication systems has grown exponentially. Early
communication systems were based on text messaging over HTTP, which was inefficient for
real-time interactions. With the advancement of network protocols, socket programming emerged as
a robust solution. Java, with its powerful networking libraries, has become a standard for building
networked applications.
Several studies highlight the effectiveness of using TCP/IP for reliable communication. WebSocket
protocols have also gained popularity for lightweight communication in web applications. Compared
to other programming languages, Java provides better performance and scalability for handling
concurrent clients.
Problem Statement
Real-time communication is essential for collaboration in various fields, including business, gaming,
and social networking. However, most available chat applications are either proprietary or require
complex configurations. The lack of simple, open-source chat solutions presents a gap for
developers who want to learn and experiment with real-time communication technologies.
This project aims to address this gap by developing a simple yet effective real-time chat application
using Java. The system will support multiple clients, secure message transmission, and reliable
communication.
Objectives
- Develop a real-time chat application using Java.
- Implement server-client communication using socket programming.
- Ensure secure and efficient data transmission.
- Provide a user-friendly interface for messaging.
- Support concurrent connections from multiple users.
- Build a lightweight, scalable architecture for the chat server.
Methodology
The development methodology involves the following steps:
1. **Requirement Analysis:** Identify the core features needed for the chat application.
2. **Design:** Create the system architecture, define communication protocols, and design user
interactions.
3. **Implementation:** Develop the chat server and client functionalities using Java.
4. **Testing:** Perform extensive testing to ensure reliable communication and system stability
under various loads.
5. **Deployment:** Deploy the application on a local network and test for scalability.
The agile development model was followed to iteratively build and refine the application.
System Architecture
### Components
- **Server:** Manages connections, message routing, and client authentication.
- **Client:** Provides the user interface for sending and receiving messages.
### Communication Protocol
The chat application uses TCP for reliable communication between the server and clients. Each
client establishes a persistent connection with the server, allowing real-time message transmission.
### Architectural Diagram
```
Client 1 <--> Server <--> Client 2
Client 3
```
The server handles incoming connections and broadcasts messages to all connected clients.
Code Implementation
**Server Code:**
```java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
public class ChatServer {
private static Set<PrintWriter> clientWriters = new HashSet<>();
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(12345);
System.out.println("Server started on port 12345");
while (true) {
new ClientHandler(serverSocket.accept()).start();
// More code omitted for brevity
```
**Client Code:**
```java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ChatClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 12345);
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
Thread readThread = new Thread(() -> {
try {
String message;
while ((message = in.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println("Server: " + message);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
});
readThread.start();
while (true) {
String userInput = scanner.nextLine();
out.println(userInput);
```
