The report analyzes the status of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) in Bangladesh, highlighting significant achievements in reducing maternal and child mortality, expanding immunization, and improving healthcare access. Despite progress, challenges such as inequitable healthcare access, rising non-communicable diseases, and inadequate healthcare financing persist. Recommendations include strengthening primary healthcare systems, implementing universal health coverage, and enhancing public health surveillance to address these challenges and ensure equitable healthcare for all citizens.
The report analyzes the status of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) in Bangladesh, highlighting significant achievements in reducing maternal and child mortality, expanding immunization, and improving healthcare access. Despite progress, challenges such as inequitable healthcare access, rising non-communicable diseases, and inadequate healthcare financing persist. Recommendations include strengthening primary healthcare systems, implementing universal health coverage, and enhancing public health surveillance to address these challenges and ensure equitable healthcare for all citizens.
The report analyzes the status of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) in Bangladesh, highlighting significant achievements in reducing maternal and child mortality, expanding immunization, and improving healthcare access. Despite progress, challenges such as inequitable healthcare access, rising non-communicable diseases, and inadequate healthcare financing persist. Recommendations include strengthening primary healthcare systems, implementing universal health coverage, and enhancing public health surveillance to address these challenges and ensure equitable healthcare for all citizens.
The report analyzes the status of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) in Bangladesh, highlighting significant achievements in reducing maternal and child mortality, expanding immunization, and improving healthcare access. Despite progress, challenges such as inequitable healthcare access, rising non-communicable diseases, and inadequate healthcare financing persist. Recommendations include strengthening primary healthcare systems, implementing universal health coverage, and enhancing public health surveillance to address these challenges and ensure equitable healthcare for all citizens.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 10
INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT
REPORTS (Module:01) on AN ANALYSIS OF STATUS OF GOAL: 03 OF SDG IN BANGLADESH.
Submitted to Dr. Wahida Musarrat Anita Director (Training) & Course Director 89th Special Foundation Training, BIAM Foundation, Dhaka.
Submitted by Dr. Al-Imran Mahmud Roll No. 05 33rd BCS Health Cadre Officer 89th Special Foundation Training of BCS (Health) Cadre, BIAM Foundation, Dhaka. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All gratitude and credits go to the Almighty creator Allah who gave me the courage and the opportunities to complete this assignment.
1|Page I would like to express heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Abdul Malek, Director General of BIAM Foundation and Course Adviser for selection of this topic and facilitating in gaining different types of experiences through this study.
I would like to express my deepest regards and acknowledgement to our Course Director, Dr. Wahida Musarrat Anita & course coordinator Mrs. Nazneen Sultana, BIAM Foundation, Dhaka, for their motivation throughout the period of training. Their guidance helped and encouraged me to continue my work with more vigor. This assignment would not have been possible without their insight knowledge into the subject and their wonderful supervision. Special thanks and gratitude to all stuffs of BIAM Foundation, Dhaka.
With regards Dr. Al-Imran Mahmud, Roll No. 05 89th Special Foundation Training of BCS (Health) Cadre, BIAM Foundation, Dhaka.
SDG Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being is a critical focus area under the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for people of all ages.
In the context of Bangladesh, SDG Goal 3 is particularly significant due to its efforts to improve healthcare access, reduce child and maternal mortality, and tackle communicable and noncommunicable diseases. Below is an overview of Bangladesh's progress, challenges, and
3|Page initiatives related to SDG 3: Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 03 further targeted to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
Bangladesh, with its commitment to achieving the SDGs by 2030, has made significant strides in improving public health, reducing mortality rates, and enhancing healthcare infrastructure. However, challenges remain in ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare for all citizens.
ACHIEVEMENTS
1. Reduction in Maternal and Child Mortality
Bangladesh has achieved remarkable progress in reducing maternal and child mortality rates. The maternal mortality rate dropped from 322 per 100,000 live births in 2001 to 165 in 2020, and under-five child mortality decreased significantly, from 146 per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 28 in 2020.
4|Page 2. Expanded Immunization Coverage The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) has achieved high coverage, with vaccines like measles, rubella, and polio being widely administered. This has helped eliminate polio and reduce the prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases.
3. Infectious Disease Control
Bangladesh has successfully managed diseases like tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and HIV/AIDS through targeted national programs. The TB treatment success rate is over 90%, and malaria prevalence has declined in endemic regions.
4. Improved Life Expectancy
Life expectancy in Bangladesh has increased to approximately 73 years, reflecting improvements in healthcare access, nutrition, and living standards.
5. Community-Based Healthcare Community health clinics, providing free primary care services, have been established across the country, ensuring healthcare access in remote and underserved areas.
CHALLENGES
1. Inequitable Access to Healthcare
Rural and marginalized communities face barriers to healthcare access due to limited infrastructure, fewer medical professionals, and inadequate transportation facilities.
5|Page 2. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) NCDs, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, are rising rapidly, contributing to over 67% of all deaths. This shift from infectious to lifestyle-related diseases poses new challenges for the healthcare system.
3. Healthcare Financing Out-of-pocket expenditure accounts for 69% of total healthcare spending, making healthcare services unaffordable for many, especially the poor.
4. Workforce Shortages Bangladesh faces a significant shortage of trained healthcare professionals. The doctor- topatient and nurse-to-patient ratios are far below World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations.
5. Urbanization and Environmental Health
Rapid urbanization has led to overcrowding, poor sanitation, and air pollution in cities, contributing to respiratory illnesses and other health concerns.
6. Impact of Climate Change
Bangladesh’s vulnerability to climate change exacerbates health risks, such as waterborne diseases, malnutrition, and mental health issues caused by displacement and natural disasters.
RECOMMENDATION
1. Strengthen Primary Healthcare Systems
Increase investment in community clinics and equip them with essential medicines, diagnostic tools, and trained personnel to expand primary healthcare access.
6|Page 2. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Implement effective health financing mechanisms, such as insurance schemes, to reduce out-of-pocket expenditures and ensure equitable access to healthcare services.
3. Focus on NCD Prevention and Control
Develop nationwide campaigns promoting healthy lifestyles, regular screenings, and early detection of NCDs. Expand specialized treatment facilities for chronic diseases.
4. Invest in Human Resources for Health
Train and recruit more healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and community health workers, with a focus on deploying them in underserved areas.
5. Enhance Public Health Surveillance
Strengthen disease monitoring and response systems to detect and control outbreaks, particularly in climate-vulnerable regions.
6. Promote Multi-Sectoral Collaboration
Address health determinants through coordinated efforts in education, sanitation, and nutrition. Engage private-sector partnerships to leverage resources and expertise.
7. Leverage Digital Health Technologies
Expand telemedicine services and digital health platforms to bridge healthcare access gaps in remote areas.
8. Address Climate-Linked Health Risks
Develop climate-resilient healthcare infrastructure and early warning systems to mitigate health impacts of natural disasters and environmental changes.
7|Page GOVERNMENT AND NGO INITIATIVES • Community Clinics: Over 13,000 clinics provide primary healthcare at the grassroots level. • Health Sector Development Program (HSDP): Focuses on maternal, neonatal, and child health. • Partnerships with NGOs: BRAC, Save the Children, and other organizations play critical roles in improving healthcare delivery. • Digital Health Innovations: Mobile apps and telemedicine services are expanding healthcare access.
NOTABLE PROGRESS IN BANGLADESH TOWARDS SDG 03
As of January 2025, Bangladesh has made notable progress toward Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages. However, challenges remain in certain areas.
Maternal and Child Health:
• Maternal Mortality: The maternal mortality ratio decreased from 181 per 100,000 live births in 2015 to 123 in 2020, with higher rates in rural areas.
• Neonatal Mortality: The neonatal mortality rate declined from 24 per 1,000 live births in 2015 to 16 in 2021, approaching the 2025 target of below 14.
• Under-Five Mortality: The under-five mortality rate decreased from 36 per 1,000 live births in 2014 to 27.3 in 2021, achieving the 2025 target.
8|Page Healthcare Access:
• Skilled Birth Attendance: The proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel increased from 42.1% in 2014 to 75.3% in 2020, with urban areas (85.8%) having higher access than rural areas (68.8%). • BRAC
• Essential Health Services Coverage: Coverage improved from 52% in 2016 to 54% in 2019, with targets of 80% by 2025 and 100% by 2030.
Disease Control:
• Tuberculosis: The incidence rate per 100,000 population decreased from 287 in 2016 to 221 in 2021, but the 2025 target of 112 remains distant.
• Malaria: The incidence per 1,000 population fell from 1.64 in 2017 to 0.92 in 2019, yet the 2025 target of 0.09 is still far off.
9|Page Health Financing:
Out-of-Pocket Expenditure: In 2020, out-of-pocket health expenditure was 74% of total health expenditure, among the highest globally. Government health spending remains below 1% of GDP, one of the lowest in South and South-East Asia.
Environmental Health:
• Air Pollution: The mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution was 241 per 100,000 in 2023, with a target of 60 by 2025. • SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
• Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH): The mortality rate due to unsafe water, sanitation, and lack of hygiene decreased from 171 per 100,000 in 2021 to 161 in 2023, with a target of 5 by 2025.
While Bangladesh is on track with several SDG 3 indicators, challenges persist in areas such as disease control, health financing, and environmental health. Addressing these issues requires increased public investment in health, strengthened governance, and effective public-private partnerships.
CONCLUSION Bangladesh has made notable progress in achieving SDG Goal 3, demonstrating its commitment to improving health outcomes. However, a focus on addressing persistent challenges, coupled with strategic investments and multi-sectoral collaboration, is essential to ensure equitable, high- quality healthcare for all. By tackling these issues, Bangladesh can build a healthier and more resilient nation, leaving no one behind.
