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NFS-Kernel Server _ Linux File Sharing Configuration

This document provides a comprehensive guide for configuring and managing an NFS-Kernel Server for Linux file sharing, including installation, configuration, and troubleshooting steps. It covers prerequisites, commands for NFS management, and best practices for security and user management. Key features of NFS include centralized file sharing, cross-platform compatibility, and user mapping.

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3 views

NFS-Kernel Server _ Linux File Sharing Configuration

This document provides a comprehensive guide for configuring and managing an NFS-Kernel Server for Linux file sharing, including installation, configuration, and troubleshooting steps. It covers prerequisites, commands for NFS management, and best practices for security and user management. Key features of NFS include centralized file sharing, cross-platform compatibility, and user mapping.

Uploaded by

johnnybravo007777
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2/5/25, 3:27 PM NFS-Kernel Server : Linux File Sharing Configuration

NFS-Kernel Server : Linux File Sharing


Configuration
A detailed guide to configuring and managing NFS-Kernel Server, covering installation,
commands, troubleshooting, and best practices for Linux.

Understanding NFS-Kernel Server


Installation and Configuration
Prerequisites
Installing NFS-Kernel Server
Configuring NFS Exports
Applying Changes
Starting and Enabling NFS Service
Configuring the Firewall
Client-Side Configuration
Common Commands for NFS Management
Troubleshooting NFS
Best Practices

Understanding NFS-Kernel Server

The NFS (Network File System) Kernel Server is a critical component in Unix/Linux
environments that allows file sharing between systems on a network. Developed by Sun
Microsystems in the 1980s, NFS enables a client machine to access files on a remote server
as though they were local. This capability makes it an essential tool for managing resources
in both small and large-scale deployments.

Key features include:

File Sharing: Share directories and files across multiple systems.


Centralized Management: Manage files in a central location, reducing redundancy.
Cross-Platform Compatibility: Interoperate between different Unix-like systems.
User Mapping: Map remote users to local users for secure access control.

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2/5/25, 3:27 PM NFS-Kernel Server : Linux File Sharing Configuration

Installation and Configuration

Prerequisites

Before starting, ensure:

A Linux server (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS) for hosting NFS.


A client machine (Linux or Unix-based).
Administrative privileges on both systems.
Basic understanding of file permissions.

Installing NFS-Kernel Server

On Ubuntu/Debian:

sudo apt update


sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server -y

On CentOS/RHEL:

sudo yum update


sudo yum install nfs-utils -y

Configuring NFS Exports

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2/5/25, 3:27 PM NFS-Kernel Server : Linux File Sharing Configuration

Edit the /etc/exports file to define shared directories and access permissions. Example
configuration:

/home/shared 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)

Explanation of options:

/home/shared : Directory to be shared.


192.168.1.0/24 : Restricts access to a specific subnet.
rw : Grants read-write access.
sync : Ensures data is written to disk before confirming.
no_subtree_check : Prevents subtree-related permission issues.

Applying Changes

sudo exportfs -a

Starting and Enabling NFS Service

sudo systemctl start nfs-kernel-server


sudo systemctl enable nfs-kernel-server

Configuring the Firewall

Allow NFS traffic through the firewall:

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.0/24 to any port nfs

Client-Side Configuration

Installing the NFS Client


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2/5/25, 3:27 PM NFS-Kernel Server : Linux File Sharing Configuration

On Ubuntu/Debian:

sudo apt install nfs-common -y

On CentOS/RHEL:

sudo yum install nfs-utils -y

Mounting an NFS Share

sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.1.100:/home/shared /mnt

Automating Mounts with /etc/fstab

192.168.1.100:/home/shared /mnt nfs defaults 0 0

Common Commands for NFS Management

Listing Active Exports

sudo exportfs -v

Restarting the NFS Service

sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

Troubleshooting NFS

Permissions Issues
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2/5/25, 3:27 PM NFS-Kernel Server : Linux File Sharing Configuration

sudo chmod 777 /home/shared

Firewall Blocks

sudo ufw allow from <client-ip> to any port nfs

Client Cannot Mount

sudo showmount -e 192.168.1.100

Best Practices
Use firewall rules and IP restrictions to enhance security.
Implement UID/GID mapping for proper user management.
Regularly monitor logs for suspicious activity.

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