QUESTIONS 2024

QUESTION 1:

Define the following terms used in construction management:-

i.Site planning

ii.Construction manager

iii,Cost control

iv.Agency construction management

v. Milestone

vi.Hazard

QUESTION 2

i.Briefly explain the meaning of safety.

ii.Outline 8 ways of improving safety in construction sites.

QUESTION 3:

i.Outine 8 roles of a construction manager in overseeing a

construction project.

ii.List 6 types of schedules assoclated with construction management.

QUESTION 4:

i.Outline 8 objectives of PPE

ii.Outline 8 roles of risk management in construction management.

QUESTION 5:

Describe 8 steps of risk management process in construction.

management

QUESTION 6;

a.Outline the 8 advantages of cost control in construction

management.

b.Briefly explain 8 objectlves of quallty control of works in construction management.

ANSWERS 2024
QUESTION 1

1. Site Planning : The process of organizing and arranging the physical layout of a construction
site, including the placement of structures, access routes, utilities, and environmental
considerations.

2. Construction Manager : A professional responsible for overseeing the construction process,

including planning, coordinating, and controlling a project from inception to completion,
ensuring it is completed on time and within budget.

3. Cost Control : The process of monitoring and managing project expenses to ensure that the
project remains within its budget. This includes forecasting costs, tracking expenditures, and
implementing corrective actions when necessary.

4. Agency Construction Management : A project delivery method where the construction

manager acts as an agent for the owner, providing advice and management services without
assuming financial risk for construction costs.

5. Milestone : A significant point or event in a project timeline that marks the completion of a
key phase or deliverable, often used to assess progress and facilitate project scheduling.
6. Hazard : A potential source of harm or adverse effect on a person or property in a
construction environment, which can lead to accidents or injuries.

QUESTION 2

1. Safety : The condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury,
particularly in the context of ensuring the well-being of workers and the public on construction
sites.

2. Ways to Improve Safety in Construction Sites :

- Implementing comprehensive safety training programs.

- Conducting regular safety audits and inspections.

- Ensuring proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE).

- Establishing clear safety protocols and procedures.

- Promoting a culture of safety among all workers.

- Utilizing safety signage and alerts.

- Conducting risk assessments before work begins.

- Ensuring that all machinery and equipment are properly maintained.

QUESTION 3

1. Roles of a Construction Manager :

- Planning and scheduling project timelines.

- Managing project budgets and costs.

- Coordinating between various stakeholders (clients, subcontractors, suppliers).

- Ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations.

- Overseeing the quality of work and materials.

 - Addressing and mitigating project risks.

- Conducting regular site inspections and progress meetings.

- Facilitating communication and resolving conflicts.

2. Types of Schedules Associated with Construction Management :

- Gantt Chart

- Critical Path Method (CPM) Schedule

- Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) Schedule

- Bar Chart Schedule

- Master Schedule

- Resource Allocation Schedule

QUESTION 4

1. Objectives of PPE :
- Protecting workers from injuries and illnesses.

- Reducing the severity of injuries when accidents occur.

- Ensuring compliance with safety regulations.

- Enhancing worker confidence and morale.

- Providing a visible commitment to safety.

- Minimizing potential liability for employers.

- Facilitating a safer work environment.

- Supporting overall health and safety management systems.

2. Roles of Risk Management in Construction Management :
- Identifying potential risks early in the project.

- Analyzing and assessing risks to prioritize them.

- Developing strategies to mitigate or eliminate risks.

- Monitoring risk factors throughout the project lifecycle.

- Communicating risks to stakeholders.

- Implementing contingency plans.

- Evaluating the effectiveness of risk management strategies.

- Ensuring compliance with legal and safety requirements.

QUESTION 5

Steps of Risk Management Process in Construction Management :

1. Risk Identification : Recognizing potential risks that could impact the project.

2. Risk Analysis : Evaluating the likelihood and impact of identified risks.

3. Risk Evaluation : Prioritizing risks based on their potential effects.

4. Risk Treatment : Developing strategies to mitigate identified risks.

5. Risk Monitoring : Continuously tracking risks and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies.

6. Communication : Sharing risk-related information with stakeholders.

7. Review : Regularly reassessing risks and management strategies.

8. Documentation : Keeping records of all risk management activities for accountability.

QUESTION 6

a. Advantages of Cost Control in Construction Management :

- Ensures projects remain within budget.

- Enhances financial forecasting accuracy.

- Improves resource allocation efficiency.

- Reduces waste and unnecessary expenditures.

- Supports informed decision-making.

- Increases profitability.

- Facilitates better project planning and scheduling.

- Enhances stakeholder confidence in project management.

b. Objectives of Quality Control of Works in Construction Management:

- Ensuring compliance with project specifications and standards.

- Reducing defects and rework.

- Enhancing customer satisfaction.

- Promoting continuous improvement in processes.

- Ensuring the durability and safety of constructed works.

- Managing supplier and subcontractor quality.

- Providing a framework for quality audits and assessments.

- Supporting regulatory compliance and certifications.

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 QUESTIONS 2020
Section A:(36 marks)

Question 1:

Briefly explain the following terms used In construction Industry

a)Work breakdown structure

b)Planning

c)Network analysis

Question 2:

Point out slx(6)responslbilties of a project manager

Question 3:

Among the stages of bullding construction are pre-constructlon stage and post-

construction stage.Identify 6 key players in pre-construction stage.

Question 4:

a)Define the term safety In construction management

b)What are the 6 common causes of accldent in constructlon sites

Section B:(24 marks)

Question 5:

a)Define risk in constructlon slte

b)Explain how are you going to mltlgate various risk assoclated with construction

of Dodoma -Babatl road section.

Question 6:

(a) Define the term cost control in constructlon project.

(b) Explain two (02)types of cost in constructlon project.

ANSWERS 2020

QUESTION 1

a) Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) : A hierarchical decomposition of a project into smaller,

more manageable components or tasks. It helps in organizing team work and defining project
scope.

b) Planning : The process of establishing objectives and outlining how to achieve them within a
project. This includes defining timelines, resources, and tasks necessary for project completion.

c) Network Analysis : A project management technique used to model the sequence of tasks
and their interdependencies. It helps in identifying the critical path, optimizing schedules, and
managing project timelines effectively.

QUESTION 2

Six Responsibilities of a Project Manager :

1. Project Planning : Developing a comprehensive project plan outlining scope, timeline, and
resources.

2. Budget Management : Monitoring and controlling project costs to ensure adherence to the
budget.

3. Team Leadership : Leading and motivating the project team to achieve project goals.

4. Stakeholder Communication : Ensuring effective communication with stakeholders regarding

project progress and issues.
5. Risk Management : Identifying and mitigating potential risks that could impact the project.

6. Quality Assurance : Ensuring that project deliverables meet the required quality standards.

QUESTION 3

Six Key Players in Pre-Construction Stage :

1. Project Manager : Oversees project planning and execution.

2. Architect : Designs the project and ensures it meets client requirements and regulations.

3. Civil Engineer : Provides technical guidance and ensures structural integrity.

4. Surveyor : Conducts site assessments and provides land measurements.

5. Cost Estimator : Analyzes project costs and prepares budget estimates.

6. Contractor : Engages in bidding and prepares to execute the construction work.

QUESTION 4

a) Safety in Construction Management : The measures and practices implemented to protect

workers, property, and the environment from accidents and hazards during construction
activities.

b) Six Common Causes of Accidents in Construction Sites :

1. Falls : From heights due to improper safety measures.

2. Struck-by Objects : Injuries from falling tools or materials.

3. Electrocution : Contact with live wires or electrical equipment.

4. Caught-in/between : Injuries from machinery or equipment.

5. Lifting and Handling : Improper lifting techniques leading to injuries.

6. Hazardous Materials : Exposure to toxic substances without proper protection.

SECTION B
QUESTION 5
a) Risk in Construction Site : The possibility of loss or injury that can arise during construction
activities, which can impact project objectives, schedule, and budget.

b) Mitigating Risks in the Dodoma-Babati Road Section :

- Conducting Risk Assessments : Identifying potential risks related to environmental, geological,
and logistical factors.

- Implementing Safety Protocols : Establishing safety guidelines and training for workers.

- Regular Monitoring : Continuously observing site conditions and adjusting plans as necessary.

- Engaging Stakeholders : Involving local communities and authorities to address concerns.

- Contingency Planning : Developing plans to address potential issues that may arise during
construction.

QUESTION 6
a) Cost Control in Construction Project : The process of monitoring and managing project
expenses to ensure that the project stays within its approved budget and financial goals.

b) Two Types of Cost in Construction Project :

1. Direct Costs : Expenses that can be directly attributed to a specific project, such as labor,
materials, and equipment.

2. Indirect Costs : Overhead expenses that are not directly tied to a specific project, such as
administrative expenses, utilities, and insurance.