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Java

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems, initiated in 1991 and officially released in 1995. It was originally named Oak and is known for its platform independence, robustness, and security features. The language emphasizes object-oriented principles and includes eight primitive data types.

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4 views

Java

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems, initiated in 1991 and officially released in 1995. It was originally named Oak and is known for its platform independence, robustness, and security features. The language emphasizes object-oriented principles and includes eight primitive data types.

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History of Java

●​ Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun


Microsystems.
●​ Its development began in 1991 under the "Green Project," led by James Gosling, Mike
Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton.
●​ Initially designed for programming embedded systems, it quickly evolved into a language
for internet-based applications.

Who Made Java?

●​ James Gosling, often called the "Father of Java," along with a team of engineers,
created Java at Sun Microsystems.

Where Was Java Made?

●​ Java was created in the Sun Microsystems offices in California, USA.

When Was Java Made?

●​ Java's development started in 1991, and the first official release (Java 1.0) was in 1995.

Former Name of Java

●​ Java was originally called Oak, named after an oak tree outside James Gosling’s office.
It was later renamed Java, inspired by Java coffee, reflecting its simplicity and
productivity.

Features of Java

1.​ Platform Independence: "Write once, run anywhere" (WORA) capability, thanks to the
Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
2.​ Object-Oriented: Follows OOP principles like inheritance, encapsulation, and
polymorphism.
3.​ Robust: Strong memory management, exception handling, and garbage collection make
it reliable.
4.​ Secure: Provides built-in security features like bytecode verification and a secure
runtime environment.
5.​ Multithreaded: Supports concurrent programming with built-in multithreading.
6.​ Portable: Java programs can run on any platform without requiring platform-specific
modifications.
7.​ High Performance: Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler improves performance.
8.​ Dynamic: Adapts to evolving environments by linking code at runtime.

Reasons for Creating Java

●​ The main goal was to develop a programming language that could be used for
consumer electronics, like TVs and VCRs.
●​ It needed to be portable and secure for use in a distributed environment.
●​ Java aimed to provide simplicity, robustness, and platform independence.

Basic Research: OOP in Java

Java is a fully Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) language, emphasizing:

1.​ Classes and Objects: Code is structured around real-world entities, modeled as
classes.
2.​ Encapsulation: Bundles data (fields) and methods into a single unit, protecting object
states.
3.​ Inheritance: Enables classes to inherit properties and methods from other classes,
promoting code reusability.
4.​ Polymorphism: Allows methods to perform differently based on the context, providing
flexibility.
5.​ Abstraction: Focuses on essential features while hiding implementation details.

Primitive Data Types in Java

Java has 8 primitive data types:

1.​ byte: 8-bit integer, range: -128 to 127.


2.​ short: 16-bit integer, range: -32,768 to 32,767.
3.​ int: 32-bit integer, range: -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
4.​ long: 64-bit integer, range: very large (-2^63 to 2^63-1).
5.​ float: 32-bit floating-point, used for decimal numbers.
6.​ double: 64-bit floating-point, for more precise decimal values.
7.​ char: 16-bit Unicode character.
8.​ boolean: Holds one of two values: true or false.

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