School: Ladislao Diwa Elementary School Grade Level: 5-Higantes

Teacher: Ms. Cristina S. Belga Learning Areas: Science

Teaching Date and February 13, 2025 (12:00 – 4:15) Quarter: 4th Quarter
Time:

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard The learners demonstrate understanding of weathering
and soil erosion shape the Earth’s surface and affect living
things and the environment.
B. Performance Standards The learners should be able to participate in projects that
reduce soil erosion in the community.

C. Learning Competencies The learner investigates extent of soil erosion in the

community and its effects on living things and the
environment (S5FE-IVb-2)
D. Learning Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. Define soil erosion;
b. Identify the agents of soil erosion; and
c. Explain how the agents of soil erosion affect the
community.
II. CONTENT Soil Erosion
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages CG P.
2. Learner’s Materials pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials from learning resource (LR) portal
B. Other Learning Resource
C. Value Integration Awareness in the effects of soil erosion.
D. Approach Inquiry-Based Approach
E. Strategy
IV. PROCEDURES
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Engagement
Preliminaries
A. Prayer (The students will pray.)
Before we start can someone lead a prayer.
B. Greetings Good morning, Ma’am Tine!
Good morning Grade 5 students! (The students will sing a science song.)

C. Attendance None Ma’am.

Is there any absent today?

D. Reviewing previous lesson

Let’s have a quick review on our lesson yesterday. Weathering is the process by which rocks and minerals
What is weathering? break down into smaller pieces.

Mechanical Weathering
What are the two types of weathering? Chemical Weathering

Chemical weathering involves the interaction of rock with

What is chemical weathering? mineral solutions (chemicals) to change the composition
of rocks.
The process by which rocks break down without changing
What is mechanical weathering? their chemical composition.

Very Good!
E. Motivation
Before we proceed to our lesson, let us have a quick
activity. I will show jumbled letters on screen with its
corresponding meaning. Your task is to arrange the
letters to unlock the word. Let us start. CHANGE
1. CNHGAE – to make different in some particular; to
alter SOIL
2. OSLI – the upper layer of earth that may be dug or
plowed and in which plants grow GROUND
EROSION
3. GNUROD – the surface of a planet
4. EROIOSN – to wear away by the action of water,
animals, humans, or air
5. HSNAMU – a bipedal primate mammal; the Homo
Sapiens

Great job, class! Please give yourselves a big clap.

Please remember these words because we will be
encountering them later on as we proceed in our
discussion.
B. Exploration
a. Pre-Activity
EROSION BY WATER
Science Skills: Observing, Communicating
Time Frame: 20 minutes
You Will Need:
• 2 shallow pans
• 6 cups of garden soil
• 2 bottles of 500 mL water
What to Do:
1. Get two shallow pans and fill them with garden soil.
Label one pan as A and the other as B.
2. Pour water gradually into the soil on the first pan. What
happened to the soil? Describe the movement of the soil.
Repeat procedure #2 on the second pan. This time, pour
the water rapidly into the soil. What happened? Compare
the
difference in terms of the movement of the soil from the
first one.
4. Record the time and measure the distance of your
observations.
Questions.
1. In which setup did the soil move faster? Why? 1. The soil moved faster in the setup with a steeper
2. In which setup did the soil move farther? Why? slope because gravity exerts a stronger force on
3. Which setup moved more soil? Why? the soil particles, causing them to move more
4. What happened to the color of the water? quickly downhill.
5. What can you conclude about erosion in the 2. The soil moved farther in the setup with a steeper
experiment? slope because the force of gravity pulls the soil
particles downhill over a longer distance.
b. Activity Proper 3. The setup with a steeper slope moved more soil
Let each group perform the activity following the because the force of gravity allowed the soil
standards. The teacher will supervise the group work. particles to move faster and cover a greater
distance.
4. The color of the water likely became murky or
muddy due to the soil particles being carried away
by the water, indicating erosion.
5. Based on the experiment, it can be concluded that
steeper slopes lead to faster soil movement, greater
soil displacement, and increased erosion due to the
force of gravity.

C. Explain
In your Araling Panlipunan class, you have discussed Mga
Anyong Lupa. Can you give me an example of anyong
lupa? Mountains
Valleys
Canyons
Plains
Do you ever wonder how different Earth’s landforms are
formed? Some of these landforms are formed because of
breaking down of rocks and soil erosion. Soil erosion is a
natural phenomenon that could affect all landform. It is
also an irreversible event. Erosion is the transfer of rock
fragments and soil from one place to another.

Agents of Soil Erosion

Water
As water flows, it transports rock and soil particles from
one place to another. The speed of flowing water affects
the rate of erosion. The faster the water flows, the faster
and farther the erosion would be. Faster movement of
water can cause many sediments to be carried away by the
water. As water aids erosion, its color changes depending
on the color of the rock and the soil particles that it
carries. For example, water that flows from a mountain
can be brown because of the soil particles from the
mountain that it carries. Mud left on the ground after
flooding is also evidence of erosion.

Wind
As the wind blows, it carries light particles of rocks and
soil, transporting and depositing them in another place.
Strong winds carry the particles of soil in a distant place.
Wind erosion can take place in any area where the soil is
not compacted. When the wind blows, the particles of
sand move along with it. Light particles of soil can be
easily blown away by the wind. Try to rub the windowsill
in your classroom. You may notice the dust sticking on
your fingers. Where did the dust come from? How did the Dust is often carried by wind.
dust reach your place?
Erosion by wind contributes a lot in shaping the Barth's
surface, an example of this is the formation of sand dunes.
These are ridges of sand formed by the wind and are
usually found in deserts or shorelines. Dunes are formed
when the wind blows sand into a secluded area. As sand
accumulates, the dunes grow and vary in shape. An
example of the sand dunes can be found in Ilocos Norte.

Animals
Animals also contribute to the transportation of sediments.
When burrowing animals dig the ground, some rock and
soil particles stick to their bodies. As they move from
place to place, they carry such particles, too.

Humans
Although erosion is a natural phenomenon, humans have a
major contribution to the rate of soil erosion in the
environment. Just like animals, whenever we walk, the
soil clings to our shoes, so the soil gets transported from
place to place. Other human activities like gardening can
also cause erosion since soil moves as we dig the ground.
When quarrying, the impact created by blasting rocks and
soil particles triggers soil erosion. Huge volumes of soil
and sand also get transported when they are used in the
construction of houses and other infrastructure.
How Land Slope Affects Erosion
A slope is an inclined surface of a land. The slope of a
land affects the rate of soil erosion. Roots of trees and
other plants absorb water as it rains, but some unabsorbed
water still flows downward, washing away soil. If the
surface is greatly slanted, the water that flows has greater
force and thus carries more soil. This results to greater and
faster erosion. Since the rate of erosion is faster on lands
with steeper slopes, there is also a great possibility for a
landslide to occur. This is why it is not advisable to build
houses on mountainsides of hillsides.

Every natural process here on Earth, like soil erosion,

affects both living and nonliving things. Soil erosion does
not only shape Earth's landforms, it also affects the
ecosystem especially if it happens abruptly.

Human activities such as deforestation, illegal logging,

overgrazing, and quarrying also aggravate the effects of
soil erosion in the environment.

Soil erosion can destroy large masses of land. It can also

transform a mountain to a hill or plateau. Excessive
deforestation, mining, and conversion of mountains to
residential or commercial lands could trigger erosion that
can be destructive to the environment.

Effects of Soil Erosion on Living Things

Plants get most of its nutrients from the topsoil. The
topsoil contains the organic materials produced by dead
plants and animals. However, this topsoil is usually
carried away by wind and water. Once the topsoil is gone,
the nutrients for plants will be carried away as well. In
addition, sediments that are washed away by water can
clog irrigation systems and can further inhibit the plant's
water supply. The effect of erosion on plants would mean
less food production. This can affect animals and humans
since plants are their main source of food and nutrients.
Aside from the lack of food supply, people who depend on
farming as their source of livelihood will have problems if
they do not have a healthy and fertile soil to plant on.
Another negative effect of erosion is the prevalence of
mine tailings. Mine tailings are the mineral wastes or
leftovers after the mining process. Erosion brought about
by water can wash mine tailings to nearby bodies of water
and pollute them. Polluted seas and rivers can affect
aquatic plants and animals, as well as the potable water
supply of animals and humans.

D. Elaboration
Complete the Diagram by filling out the missing
information in the circles. Then, give at least one example
per agent of erosion.
E. Evaluation
Write True if the statement is correct and False if not.
1. The movement of rocks from one place to another is 1. False
called weathering.
2. Sediments are materials transported due to erosion. 2. True
3. Landslide can be caused by water, wind, animals, and 3. False
humans.
4. Gardening can also cause erosion because soil moves as 4. True
we dig the ground.
5. As water flows, it transports rock and soil particles 5. False
from one place to another.
Assignment
On your notebook, list five negative effects of soil erosion
that comes in your mind. Then, write one way to
minimize
each of them.