COLLEGE OF NURSING

MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE, CHENNAI-600003

DISSERTATION PROPOSAL
SUBMISSION

PRINCIPAL
Prof (Dr).R. SHANKAR SHANMUGAM., Ph.D (N),DSc., MBA.,
READER IN NURSING,
COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE,
CHENNAI - 600003.

SPECIALITY GUIDE
MR K. KANNAN, M.Sc(N), MBA,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT- IN CHARGE
DEPARTMENT OF CHILD HEALTH NURSING,
COLLEGE OF NURS!
MADRAS MEDICAL COLL!

SUBMITTED TO
CHAIRMAN,
INSTITUTIONAL ETHICS COMMITTEE,
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE &RGGGH,
CHENNALI - 600003.

SUBMITTED BY
Mrs. GRACE ANITA SAMUEL,
M.SC(N)I YEAR STUDENT,
CHILD HEALTH NURSING,
COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE,
CHENNAI - 600003,
From
Mrs. Grace Anita Samuel,
M.Sc.(N) I year student,
College of Nursing,
Madras Medical College,
Chennai-600003.

To
The Chairman,
Institutional Ethics Committee,
Madras Medical College,
Chennai -600003.

Through Proper Channel,

Respected Sir,

Sub: An approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee to conduct Research

study - request- regarding.

I have proposed to work on a Research titled, “EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD

SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG
MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE
HOSPITAL”

As the study involves human being, I request for an approval from "The Institutional
Ethics Committee".

I am here with enclosing the details of the study work.

e I submit the following under taking, I will start the study after obtaining approval
of the Institutional Ethics Committee.
e [ will get informed consent from mothers of toddlers and maintain confidentiality
of the details.
e 1 will carry out the work without detrimental to regular activities as well as
without extra expenditure to the Institution on the Government.
e I will inform the committee in the occurrence of any change in the study
procedure, site, investigation or guide.
 I will not deviate from the area of work for which I have applied (or ethical
clearance).
I will inform the Institutional Ethics Committee immediately in the occurrence of
any adverse events or serious adverse reaction.
T'will abide by the rules and regulations of the institutional policies.
I will complete the work within specified period I have applied for and if any
extension of time is required, I shall apply for permission again and continue the
work.
I will submit the report of the study to the Institutional Ethics Committee on
completion.
T will not collect funds from the institution while doing work or on completion.
I understand that the members of the Institutional Ethics Committee have the
right to monitor study without prior intimation.

I have paid a sum of Rs.500 towards processing fee.

Thanking You,

Date: [9-9- 2 Yours Obediently,

Place: G~ 0> ",XIV

Forwarded By, (Grace Anita Samuel)

Dr.R. HA R\@{A GHAM, Ph.D (N), D.Sc...

Principaly
College of Nursing,
Madras Medical College,
Chennai- 03
From,
Mrs. Grace Anita Samuel,
M.Sc.(N) I year Student,
College of Nursing,
Madras Medical College,
Chennai-03

To
The Director,
Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children,
Egmore,

¥\
Chennai -08

Through the Proper Channel, %

Respected Madam,

Sub: Ethical Committee approval —College of Nursing, Madras Medical College,

Chennai-03, M.Sc. (Nursing) I year student - Requesting to conduct Research study at
the Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai -08 -regarding.
skl ok

I kindly request you to permit me to conduct research on “EXPLORING DOMESTIC

CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION

AMONG MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY

CARE HOSPITAL? for the partial fulfillment of the M.Sc.(N) programme as required by The
Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R Medical University syllabus and Indian Nursing Council curriculum.
The period of data collection will be for 4 weeks. 1 assure you that I will not disturb the
routine activities of the department.

Thanking you,
Yours Gbediently,

il
(Grace Anita Samuel)

Signatur¢ §f the Principal:

RINCIPAL
COLLEGE OF NURSING
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE
CHENNAL-600 003.
From,
Mrs. Grace Anita Samuel,
M.Sc.(N) I year Student,
College of Nursing,
Madras Medical College,
Chennai-03

To
The Head of the Department,
Department of Medical Paediatrics,
Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children,
Egmore,
Chennai -08

Through the Proper Channel,

Respected Sir/ Madam,

Sub: Ethical Commiitee approval —College of Nursing, Madras Medical College,

Chennai-03, M.Sc. (Nursing)l year student - Requesting to conduct Research study at
the Medical wards in Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore,
Chennai -08 -regarding.
seofesk
ok ok ok

1 kindly request you to permit me to conduct research on “‘EXPLORING DOMESTIC

CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION

AMONG MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY

CARE HOSPITAL?” for the partial fulfillment of the M.Sc.(N) programme as required by The
Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R Medical University syllabus and Indian Nursing Council curriculum.
The period of data collection will be for 4 weeks. I assure you that I will not disturb the
routine activities of the department.

Thanking you,
Yours Obediently,

_\' BT
S&nam fth}Prin 15 ( Grace Anita Samuel)

INCIPAL
., COLLEGE OF NURSING
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE
CHENNAL-600 003.
 REMARKS OF THE PRINCIPAL/ RESEARCH GUIDE

This work, undertaken / to be done by Mrs. GRACE ANITA SAMUEL,

M.Sc (N) I year student, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai-03,

titled as “EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND

IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF

TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL”

and ensure that the candidate will abide by the rule of the Institutional Ethics

Committee. -~

/V
\ A
Prof ( D). R. sm&mr{ AMKTUGAM, Ph.D (N), D.Sc, MBA,.
Place: Bh-03 Principal,
College of Nursing,
Date: 3|-8-2(4 Madras Medical College, Ch-03
 REMARKS OF THE SPECIALITY GUIDE

This work, undertaken / to be done by Mrs. GRACE ANITA SAMUEL,

M.Sc (N) I year student, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chcnnai-03,

titled as “EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND

IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF

TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL”

and ensure that the candidate will abide by the rule of the Institutional Ethics

Committee.

MR.K. KANNAN., M.Sc(N), MBA,

Assistant Professor,
Head of the Department- in charge,
Place: (h 03 Department of Child Health Nursing,
College of Nursing,
Date: 3|-8-24 Madras Medical College,ch-03
 REMARKS OF THE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

This work, undertaken / to be done by Mrs. GRACE ANITA SAMUEL ,

M.Sc (N) 1 year student, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chcnnai-03,

titled as “EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND

IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF

TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL”

and ensure that the candidate will-abide by the rule of the Institutional Ethics

Committee.

Nowan wb
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Date: B=-2¢ Department of Medical Paediatrics
Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children,
Place: Ch -0% - Egmore , Chennai-08
 INFORMED CONSENT FORM
TITLE OF THE PROJECT: “ EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES
AND IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT
SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL”

Participant’s name: Address:

Date:

The details of the study have been provided to me in writing and explained to me in
my own language. 1 confirm that I have understood the above study and had the opportunity
to ask questions. I confirm that I have understood about the compensation and the risks and
benefits involved in this research. I understand that my participation in the study is voluntary
and that T am free to withdraw at any time without giving any reason. I understand that
confidentiality of my identity will be maintained during the research period, after its
completion as well as during publication of the results. Only investigator, ethics committee,
institutional or regulatory authorities may have access to my information when required.

T have been given a copy of information sheet giving details of the study..I volunteer
to participate in the above mentioned study.

OPTIONAL:

(I also consent / do not consent to be contacted over telephone for study purposes/ knowing
the results — if applicable)

Name and Signature of the Participant: Date:

Signature of the witness with date: Date:

Signature of the investigator with the date: Date

 PARTICIPANT INFORMATION SHEET

TITLE: “EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY
SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL”

NAME OF THE PARTICIPANT:

DATE:
AGE/SEX:
INVESTIGATOR: Mrs. GRACE ANITA SAMUEL
NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:
ENROLLMENT NO:

You are invited to take part in this research. The information in this document is meant to help you decide
whether you want to take part. Please feel free to ask if you have any queries or concerns.

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY?

The purpose of this study is to explore the maternal perception about Domestic Child Safety of the toddlers (1-3
years) and conduct an educational session for the parents about Child Safety.

STUDY PROCEDURE:
If you decide to participate , you will be asked to ; Complete a survey about the personal details like age, sex etc
and participate in an interview to share your personal experiences related to your perspectives of Domestic Child
Safety . After this, a session for parents regarding child safety will be conducted and feedback will be obtained.

POSSIBLE BENEFITS TO THEIR PEOPLE:

Contributing to valuable research that may benefit mothers in the future. You can gain insight into your
knowledge and understanding of child safety.

CONFIDENTIALITY OF THE INFORMATION:

Your responses will be kept confidential .Your identity will be anonymyze, and Personal information will not be
shared with any one outside the research team.

VOLUNTARYPARTICIPATIO!
Participation in this study is entirely voluntary. You may choose not to participate or withdraw at any time
without consequences

HOW WILL YOUR DECISION TO NOT PARTICIPATE IN THE STUDY AFFECT YOU?
Your decision not to make your participation in this research study will not affect your relationship with the
investigator or the institution. You will be taken care of and will not lose any benefits to which you are entitled.

CONTACT INFORMATION:
If you have any questions, concerns, or wish to participate ,please contact the researcher
(GRACE ANITA SAMUEL)

By participating, you confirm that you have read and understood this information sheet.

Participant's Name: Participant's Signature: Date:

Investigator signature with Date:

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 PROTOCOL DETAILED DESCRIPTION

TITLE: “EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND IMPACT

OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED
PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL”

Mrs. GRACE ANITA SAMUEL,

MSCON)T YEAR STUDENT,
Principal investigator et
MADRAS N,
MEDICAL COLLEGE,
CHENNALI - 600003

Mr. K. KANNAN, M.Sc(N), MBA,

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
. R HEAD OF THE DEPARMENT - IN CHARGE,
Specialty Guide COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE,
CHENNAI-03

Prof (Dr).R SHANKAR SHANMUGAM.,

Ph.D(N), D.Sc, MBA, CCHQ.,
P N 3 PRINCIPAL,
Principal/ Research Guide COLLEGE OF NURSING,
MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE, CHENNAI- 03.
 DETAILS OF THE DESCRIPTION TO BE SUBMITTED BY
INDIVIDUAL DESIROUS FOR CLEARANCE FROM INSTITUTIONAL
ETHICS COMMITTEE

SYNOPSIS/SUMMARY

“EXPLORING DOMESTIC SAFETY PERSPECTIVES

IAND IMPACT OF CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG
MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED
Title PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

What are the parental perspectives of Domestic safety measures|

Research Question lamong mothers of toddlers?

IPRIMARY :

o Explore the maternal perspectives of Domestic child safety

® Assess the knowledge on Domestic toddler safety measures|

among mothers of toddlers.

Objectives
e Determine the effectiveness of Child safety session

SECONDARY:

e Associate post test results with selected demographic]

variables .

o Integrate both qualitative and quantitative study findings.

Study centre Selected Paediatric Tertiary care Hospial , Chennai

4 Weeks
Duration of the study

e QUALITATIVE APPROACH - Phenomenological

Study study .
approach/
o QUANTITATIVE APPROACH - Pre-experimental
Study design
study
 e Mothers of toddlers who are willing to participate in thef
Inclusion criteria
study.

e Mothers who know to read and write English and Tamil .

e Mothers who admitted their toddlers as INPATIENTS.

e Mothers of terminally ill toddlers.

Exclusion criteria
e Mothers who have toddlers with congenital
abnormalities.
e Mothers who have Specially- abled toddlers .

Sample size Formula for sample calcutation = (2)° .

@ x ey

Sample size calculation

« Sample size (N) = (1.96)? x (1-0.52)/0.52x (0.25)’

=3.84(0.48)/0.0325=57 =60 samples ( excluding

drop-out)

SECTION —1 : Scheduled interview

Procedure/ |SECTION-II: Questionnaire of demographic data

data ) .
Collection SECTION III: Self prepared questionnaire
method

QUALITATIVE PHASE: Analyze the data using thematic

Analysis plan analysis to identify and highlight the emerging themes and
patterns

QUANTITATIVE PHASE: Using descriptive and inferential

statistics.
 CHILD SAFETY SESSION

Target Audience: Mothers of toddlers

Duration: 45 minutes

Central Objective:

« Educate mothers on essential Domestic Child safety practices

Contributory Objectives:

e Equip the mothers of toddlers with knowledge to prevent and address safety hazards at
home.

« Provide resources and strategies for creating a safer home environment for toddlers

Materials to be used:

» Child Safety brochures

« Presentation slides

o Child Safety Questionnaire.

SESSION
Introduction (20 min)

e Greet and Introduce self

e outline the aim of the session.

o Share the importance of child safety and its impact on children’s well-being.

Activity: Ask participants to briefly share one safety concern or practice they currently have in

their home.
Pre-test session : Distribute questionnaires and obtain responses

Instructional session (15 minutes):

Presentations

e Fire Safety: Discuss the importance of safe practices in case of a fire.

o Kitchen Safety: Explain common kitchen hazards and how to prevent

accidents concerning hot pots, sharps etc.

e Electrical Safety: Show how to use outlet covers and avoid common

electrical hazards.

e Bathroom Safety: Discuss the importance of supervision. Talk about slip

hazards, safe use of cleaning products, and how to prevent drowning

accidents.

* Home Security: Discuss locking doors and windows, and how to secure the

home against potential intruders.

Conclusion (10 minutes)

1. Summary and Takeaways:

e Recap the main points discussed during the session.

o Emphasize the importance of regular proactive measures for child safety.

2. Post test Session and feedback of the participants:

e Provide the participants with the study questionnaire and obtain responses
 STUDY
PROPOSAL
 INTRODUCTION

“THERE IS NOTHING MORE PRECIOUS TO PARENTS THAN A CHILD, AND

NOTHING MORE IMPORTANT TO OUR FUTURE THAN THE SAFETY OF ALL
OUR CHILDREN”

-William J Clinton

One in five children dies from safety accidents worldwide. Small children are vulnerable

to unintentional injuries and accidents that are more often due to very common routines and

things at home. Especially the toddlers, being explorers, tend to have more accidents than other

developmental ages. Recent studies on Parental approaches to handle toddlers and prevent them

from injuries have yielded certain strategies that parents follow to avoid those accidents in under-

five children such as, making the environment safe by removing hazards, supervising children

and by teaching the children to follow certain instructions to avoid the accidents . But being a

toddler’s parent, it is much more challenging that the children hardly can follow the rules or

routines taught by the parents as they are always finding ways to explore things and manipulate

them.

In some European countries, the unintentional accidents in children are the major cause of

deaths and deformities in children under 5 years of age. Majority of those incidents happen in

and around their houses, as toddlers tend to spend more time at home. Injuries in toddler vary

from fall from heights, poisoning, drowning, choking and violence.

 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Globally, an annual estimated one million child fatalities and 10 million child injuries are

attributed to domestic accidents. Birth to 5 years old is a time of rapid changes in children’s

physical and cognitive abilities which can increase their risk of unintentional injury. A child

living in low income economy is eight times more likely to experience unintentional injuries than

a child living in high income economy. UNICEF says that every child survives and thrives in a

healthy and safe environment. More than 2000 children die every day as a result of unintentional

or accidental injuries.

The World report on child injury prevention provides the first comprehensive global

assessment of unintentional childhood injuries and prescribes measures to prevent them. It

concludes that if proven prevention measures were adopted everywhere at least 1000 children’s

lives could be saved every day. Africa has the highest rate overall for unintentional injury deaths.

The five reasons for deaths in children due to unintentional injuries are as follows,

e Road crashes- Deaths-260 000 children a year and injure about 10 million.

o Drowning: It kills more than 175 000 children a year.

o Burns: Fire-related burns kill nearly 96 000 children a year and the death rate is 11 times

higher in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries.

« Falls: Nearly 47 000 children fall to their deaths every year.

< Poisoning: More than 45 000 children die each year from unintended poisoning.

The dangers to toddlers should be pointed out, mothers and fathers must be informed of

their responsibility to make their home a safe place and to teach their children how to live safely

in the environment.
 NEED FOR THE STUDY

WHO report says that in the age group of 1-4 years, the second vear is the period when the

young child runs the highest risk of dying. In the developing countries, death in the second year

of life commonly accounts for 50% of all deaths between 1-4 years of age.

* Toddlers move about more and are more exploring . They are un-predictive at this stage

* They encounter dangerous situations very often than other group children.

* Making Home Toddle-safe is essential to prevent unintentional injuries .

* Recent study by Krishnamurthy et al (2021) at , Mysuru on prevalence of domestic

accidents and injuries have highlighted on total accidents occur in about 25% of

households in which, falls constitute more than 65% of accidents.

A Community-based cross-sectional study by Hemalatha et.al,(2016), revealed that the

prevalence of domestic accidents among children account for about 4.8% of study population in

parts of Tamil Nadu Greater than 50% of accidents occurred due (o children handling sharps.

Majority were male children and about 62% domestic accidents were mild in nature. Hence

based on our local scenario, we can conclude that there is a need for a Child Safety Program,

especially among the toddler parents , who face a massive challenge in protecting the most active

and manipulative tiny people.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

EXPLORING DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES AND IMPACT OF

CHILD SAFETY SESSION AMONG MOTHERS OF TODDLERS AT SELECTED

PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

RESEARCH QUESTION :

‘What are the Child Safety perspectives among mothers with toddlers?

AIM OF THE STUDY:

The aim of this study is to broadly explore the Child Safety perspectives and evaluate the

impact of an educational session on the same among mothers with toddlers.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

PRIMARY :

« Explore the maternal perspectives of Domestic Child Safety

* Determine the effectiveness of Child safety session.

* Assess the pretest level of knowledge of mothers regarding domestic child safety .

SECONDARY:

* Associate the results with selected demographic variables.

Integrate both qualitative and quantitative study findings.

 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS:

EXPLORING : In this study , exploring refers to learning about the child safety perspectives of

mothers of toddlers.

DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY PERSPECTIVES : In this study domestic child safety

perspectives, denotes the understanding of mothers of toddlers regarding child monitoring and

safety measures to prevent unintentional injuries to toddlers at home

CHILD SAFETY SESSION: In this study, Child Safety session is an initiative that teaches

mothers of toddlers on limiting children's exposure to hazards and reducing children's risk of

harm at home.

MOTHERS OF TODDLERS: In this study, it refers to mothers of children between 1-3 years

of age.

SELECTED PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE CENTER: In this study, it refers to a tertiary

level hospital which is specialized to treat only children.

HYPOTHESIS:
e Ho: There is no significant difference between the Pre and post-test level of knowledge

among the mothers who participated in the session.

e Hi: There is a statistically significant difference between the pre and post-test level of

knowledge among mothers who participated in the session

e Hy. There is a statistically significant association between the post-test level of

knowledge among participant mothers with their selected demographic variables.

 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

STATEMENT OF THE YEAR OF FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

PROBLEM PUBLICATION

Exploring parental Tisk Parental risk perception was positively

perception regarding childhood 2023 associated with children’s injury risk, the
unintentional home injuries: A analyses showed no associations between
cross-sectional study parental risk perception and parents’
By Linda Foettinger et .al preventive behavior

Enhancing Parental Knowledge The knowledge score improved after the

of Child Safety: An 2021 campaign. Perceptions on the
Interventional Educational preventability of accidents and the
Campaign parents’ perceived usefulness of
By Mohamad-Hani Temsah, educational campaigns showed
et.al improvement sending the Child Safety
Campaign

A Study on Home Safety Safety practices followed by mothers to

Practices to Prevent Childhood prevent six types of injuries namely burn,
Injuries Among Mothers 2020 cut, fall, drowning, poisoning and
choking were noted.
By Shreedhara Avabratha et.al Overall safety practices were reasonably
good with the majority scoring above
50%. Age, education, number of
children, occupation of the mother, child
age and history of injury did not correlate
with the level of safety practices.
 ARCH METHODOLOGY

¢ RESEARCH APPROACH : Mixed approach

e RESEARCH DESIGN : QUALITATIVE PHASE: Phenomenological study.

QUANTITATIVE PHASE : Pre- experimental design.

e« POPULATION : Mothers of TODDLERS admitted as INPATIENTS .

¢ STUDY SETTING : Selected Tertiary care Paediatric Hospital

e SAMPLE : Mothers of toddlers between 1-3 years of age.

o SAMPLE SIZE : QUALITATIVE: 5-8 (as per data saturation)

QUANTITATIVE: 60 (excludes drop-outs)

¢ SAMPLING TECHNIQUE : QUANTITATIVE PHASE: Convenient sampling

QUALITATIVE PHASE: Purposive sampling

e RESEARCH VARIABLES : 1. Domestic Child safety perspectives

2. Child Safety Session.

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

e Mothers of toddlers who are willing to participate in the study.

* Mothers who know to read and write English and Tamil .

* Mothers who admitted their toddlers as INPATIENTS.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

e Mothers of terminally ill toddlers.

e Mothers of toddlers with congenital abnormalities.

e Mothers of toddlers who are Specially- abled.

DATA COLLECTION TOOL:

QUALITATIVE PHASE ~ : Scheduled Interview will be conducted to get deeper

Insight into the child safety perspectives of mothers.

QUANTITATIVEPHASE : Section] - Demographic data Questionnaire

Section IT - Self- Prepared Questionnaire

(self prepared according to the themes from Qualitative analysis)

PLAN FOR PILOT STUDY:

In order to test the practicability of the study, the pilot study will be conducted at non-study

setting.

* Objective of the pilot study.

e To assess the feasibility of data collection procedures.

¢ To evaluate the suitability of the interview questions and process.

e To identify any operational challenges.

e To estimate the time required for data collection.

e Sample selection.

e Data collection procedures.

e Data analysis

o Evaluation and modifications

® Documentation.
PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS:

¢ QUALITATIVE PHASE: Analyze the data using thematic analysis to identify and

highlight the emerging themes and patterns.

® QUANTITATIVE PHASE: Analyze the quantitative data obtained from the

questionnaires using descriptive and inferential statistics.

CONCLUSION :

Child safety studies have always been a good source of data to formulate guidelines and

develop a structured tool for conducting further studies in this topic. The study will light up the

path (o a better understanding of parental risk perception when coming to child safety and will

which in turn will help in bringing out better educational session and implications based on the

study finding.

REFERENCE:

* Jan, Mohammed & Hasanain, F & Al-Dabbagh, A. (2001). Infant and child safety

practices of parents. Saudi medical journal. 21. 1142-6.

* Avabratha Kadke, Shreedhara & Chunduri, Sujatha & Kudpi, Varadaraj. (2020). A Study

on Home Safety Practices to Prevent Childhood Injuries Among Mothers. Journal of

Nepal Paediatric Society. 40. 172-177. 10.3126/jnps.v40i3.29375.

+ Khan, Uzma & Khudadad, Umerdad & Raheem, Ahmed & Zia, Nukhba & Azam, Igbal

& Chandran, Aruna & Razzak, Junaid & Hyder, Adnan. (2022). Follow-up household

assessment for child unintentional injuries two years after the intervention: A

community-based study from Karachi, Pakistan. Injury. 54. 10.1016/j.injury.2022.11.062.

 SECTION-I

DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Your Age :
(1) <20
(2) 20-25
(3) 25-30
(4)>30

2. Your Education
(1) Uneducated
(2) Primary Education
(3) Secondary Education
(4) Graduation
(5) Graduation

3. Total number of children

(1) One
(2) Two
(3) More than two

4. Help in childcare
(1) Parents
(2) Grandfather, Buddy
(3) Babysitter
(4) No one

5. Nature of work
(1) Not going to work
(2) Government employment
(3) Private employment
6. Family :
(1) Nuclear family
(2) Joint family

7. Marriage :
(1) Married
(2) living apart
(3) Divorced

8. How many children are there between 1-3 years of age?

(1) One
(2) More than one
 SCHEDULED INTERVIEW

Describe your thoughts about child safety at home?

e Meaning

e Heard of / familiarity

Discuss about accidental injuries that can be dangerous/life threatening to a small child?

And explain why.

o Frequently seen

e General view

. Explain your views about leaving your child with a caretaker or a relative?

* Assurance

e Checks

. Elaborate your thoughts about making your home safe for your child? How do you plan

to do it?

e Home modifications

o Identification of danger areas

Explain about any accidental injury to a child at home that you heard or seen of . What

are the ways it affects your mind?

® Perceived reason for occurrence

e Fear of occurring to your child

 QUESTIONNAIRE ON DOMESTIC CHILD SAFETY

1. Which is the leading cause of injuries and deaths in children between 1-3 years?
a. Falls
b. Burns
c. Drowning
Poisoning
=

2. Which of the following is a common home safety measure for preventing poisoning in
young children?

a. Keeping medications in a high cabinet

b, Storing cleaning products in a locked cabinet
Leaving poisonous plants in the living room
o

Using child-resistant containers for all medications

=3

What should you do to prevent a child from tipping over heavy furniture or
=

appliances?

a. Place heavy objects on top of the furniture

b Secure furniture to the wall
¢ Place the furniture in the corner of the room
d. Leave the furniture in the center of the room

4. Which of the following items should be kept out of reach of young children to prevent
choking hazards?

a. Small batteries
b Large pillows
c. Wooden blocks
d. Stuffed animals
 5. What should you do if you suspect a child has swallowed a harmful substance?

a. Wait for the child to show symptoms before taking action

b Induce vomiting immediately
. seek medical help immediately
d. Give the child a large amount of water to drink

6. What should be done to ensure that household cleaning products are safe for
children?

a. Store them in easily accessible places

b. Label them with a clear warning for children
c. Keep them in their original containers and store them in a locked cabinet
d. Dilute them with water before storage

7. How should sharp objects like knives and scissors be stored to keep children safe?

a. Ina drawer within casy reach

b. Ona tables
¢ Inalocked drawer or cabinet
d. In abasket on the floor

8. Which safety measure is recommended for electrical outlets?

a. Use decorative outlet covers

b, Install childproof outlet covers or safety plugs
c. Cover outlets with tape
d. Leave outlets open but supervise children

9. What is the best practice for storing cleaning supplies and chemicals in the kitchen?

a. Keep them in a high cabinet within easy reach

b, Store them in their original containers in a locked cabinet
o Place them under the sink without securing them
 d. Put them on a high shelf where children can still see them

10. What should be done to prevent burns from hot liquids and cooking surfaces?

a. Use stove knobs with safety covers

b. Keep pot handles turned inward and use back burners
¢ Allow children to touch hot surfaces to learn
d. Place hot liquids on low tables

11. Which measure helps prevent accidental drowning in the bathroom?

a. Leave the bathroom door open while the child is bathing

b. Use a bath seat to keep child upright
c. Never leave the child unattended in the bath
d. Fill the bucket with a few inches of water to keep it shallow

12. What should be done to keep children safe from bathroom chemicals?

a. Store them in a cabinet within easy reach

b. Keep them in their original containers in a locked cabinet
c. Place them in a basket on a high shelf
d. Leave them on the bathroom counter

13. How can you make the bathroom floor less slippery for children?

a. Use a bath mat or non-slip rugs

b, Keep the floor dry but without a mat
c. Use regular towels on the floor
d. Apply a wax coating to the floor

14. How should medications be stored in a home with young children?

a. Inakitchen drawer
b Ina high cabinet within easy reach
 c. Ina locked cabinet or container
d. Ona shelf in the bedroom

15. What is the recommended practice for securing cords and blinds in a child's room?

a. Allow cords to hang loose for accessibility

b. Use cord cleats or safety devices to keep cords out of reach
¢ Tie cords up and leave them accessible for children
d. Place cords behind furniture

16. How can you ensure a crib/bed is safe for a toddler?

Place soft bedding, pillows, and toys in the crib

S

Use a firm mattress with no loose bedding or toys

Place the crib near a window for ventilation
o

Use a crib bumper to prevent head injuries

£

17. How should safety gates be used in homes with young children?

Place them at the top and bottom of stairs

®

Use them only at the top of stairs

o

Place them only in doorways

2

Install them in the middle of hallways

£
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