12.

Tourism

Can you tell ? Use your brain power !

Dear Students, imagine that you have to

go on a vacation with your family. Make a
list of 15 favourite places in Maharashtra.
After the list is prepared, put your places
in the relevant classification.
V Places near the sea
V Historical places
V National parks and sanctuaries
V Hill stations
V Religious places
Select one place from each group which
you would like to visit.
Discuss the reasons of your choice in the
class.
Planning of a trip

) A trip has to be organised from

Geographical explanation your home to your favourite tourist
We undertake short or long journeys destination. Find out the route with the
for various purposes like festivals, family help of various websites. Decide the
functions, fairs, sports, wanderings, journey route you will take. Consider
recreation, etc. We need to carry out some factors like duration of the trip,
preparations before going anywhere such materials required for travel, means of
as selecting the route to go there, choosing transport, availability of the route, etc.
the means of transport, packing essential Get the estimated travel cost per
things, etc. When we reach the destination, person.
we visit the exquisite and spectacular sites.
Sometimes, we stay there. We make use of
Observe fig. 12.1 and answer the
the facilities provided over there. We also following questions : Use an atlas for
pay in lieu of those services or goods. reference.
Visiting various places away from our ¾ Out of these, which tourist places do you
homes for getting joy, entertainment, trading, know? Make a list.
staying, etc. is called tourism. ¾For what are the selected places famous?
¾ Make a list of religious and historical sites
from the map.
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¾ Make a list of hill stations, places having ¾ Correlate the physiography and tourist
sanctuaries and places along the coasts. places in India.

Make friends with maps !

Figure 12.1 : Major tourist places of India

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 Geographical explanation

The places given on the map have

become famous due to different reasons.
Some special things are the reason behind
the place becoming famous. For example,
natural beauty, pleasant weather, exquisite
scenery, hot springs, sea coasts, historical
monuments, religious places, forest areas,
etc. are major attractions for tourists. Processions

On the basis of political boundaries,

tourism can be of two types:
Domestic tourism : Tourism within the
limits of a country is called domestic tourism.
For example, a person from Maharashtra
going to Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu for
tourism, a person from Nagpur visiting Ellora
Caves in Aurangabad, etc.
International/foreign tourism : Crossing
country’s boundaries and visiting some other
Sanctuary
country for tourism is called international
tourism. For example, an Indian going to
Switzerland for tourism, an American coming
to India for tourism, etc.

Do you know ?

To go to a foreign country, one needs

a passport, visa, travel insurance and other
documents. We should have currency of
the country where we are going. For this,
we need to exchange our currency value Wandering in the wild
with that currency.

On the basis of the aim of tourism and

specialities of the destination, there can be
different types of tourism. Some of these
have been explained through photographs.
From the above we infer that tourism is
very important for a country. Basic facilities
should be developed at places which have to
be developed as tourist sites mainly. Domestic
tourism should be promoted. It is necessary
Sea tourism
to preserve the cultural heritage of a country.

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 Use your brain power !

Some issues related to tourism

development are given below. Rewrite the
inappropriate ones after correcting them.
™ The income of a country should be
substantially high for development of
tourism.
™ Domestic tourism should be given a
Health tourism boost.
™ Tourists from other countries should
be banned.
™ Tourists should be assured of a safe
journey.
™ The cultural heritage of a country
should be preserved.
™ We should respect other country’s
culture.
Adventure sports
™ Government subsidies and incentives
should be given for tourism businesses.
™ Participation in international sports
should be increased.
™ Tourism should be encouraged through
advertisements.
™ It is necessary to preserve the tourist
places.
™ We should preserve the buildings of
famous people who have contributed
Life below the sea in various sectors as memorials.
™ Services and amenities should be
Do you know ? developed for tourism.
GPS for Tourism: ™ Tourist agencies should be banned.
The GPS system in our smartphones ™ There is no ample scope in this field.
or the GPS instrument is largely used ™ Tourism is a type of invisible trade.
for tourism. For that we need special ™ All types of facilities should be
applications like the Google Map. We can developed for tourists.
know our exact location with the help of ™ The country’s economy does not
the map. Once it is decided where we want benefit at all from tourism.
to head, then information regarding all the
possible routes of travel, distances, time ™ The hidden potential of other sites
required according to the type of vehicle, should also be developed.
amenities on the way like petrol pump, ™ The forts and castles should be
restaurants, lodges, etc becomes available developed.
in the app. We can use this for tourism.
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 Geographical explanation Do you know ?
Tourism is an important tertiary
occupation. Through this occupation, the Maharashtra Tourism Development
world gets introduced to a region’s natural, Corporation (MTDC) has implemented
social, cultural environment. Besides many programmes. It has provided guest
domestic tourists, foreign tourists also visit houses, water sports, tourist houses near
various places of interest and therefore, coastal areas, etc.
foreign currency increases in our economy.
“Deccan odyssey” is a train started
Along with these benefits, development of
tourist places, availability of employment especially for tourism. This train is
opportunities to local people are also other operated in coordination with MTDC,
good things that happen to a place. Indian Railways and Ministry of Tourism.
Considering the importance of tourism, The train originates at Mumbai and takes
the local residents become aware of tourists to places like Nashik, Ellora,
conserving the region’s natural beauty and Ajanta, Kolhapur, Goa, and Ratnagiri
culture. Tourism should be promoted through and back to Mumbai. This train is like a
advertisements in various media which will moving palace.
help in its growth.

Can you tell ?

V Which new forms of tourism have

developed recently?
V Tell the reasons why new forms of tourism
emerge.
Geographical explanation
Various forms of tourism are emerging
to give a flip to tourism. One of these is
ecotourism. This concept came into light Another type of similar train is called
when it was realised that due to increasing “Palace on Wheels”. This train takes the
population, pollution and urbanisation, Delhi-Jaipur,-Udaypur,-Bharatpur,-Agra-
environment is degrading, it is an eco-friendly Delhi route. Many domestic and foreign
type of tourism. If tourism is developed tourists enjoy travelling in these trains.
by considering that while touring a place,
the environment should not be degraded, The Indian railways have started a
or damaged by tourists, then it is called new train with coaches having transparent
ecotourism. This includes taking precautions ceiling (vistadome) as a special attraction
of not throwing litter at tourist sites, avoiding for tourism. It runs on the Vishakhapatnam-
noise pollution, not hurting trees and birds Kirandul route. The passengers can see the
and animals in the forests. panoramic view of the nature-rich region
Besides these, recently the concept of Araku valley, Anantagiri Ghat section
of ‘agro-tourism’ has arisen which is a and Borra caves by sitting in a completely
pollution-free location away from the city air-conditioned coach having glass roof.
holding an agricultural activity where the
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tourist is shown a glimpse of agricultural life.
™ Take care of not hurting the animals
Tourist are attracted towards it. This is called and birds at the tourist places.
agro-tourism. For a change from the urban ™ Follow the instructions written on the
life, tourists live on the farm and accept the boards placed at the tourist places.
hospitality of the farmers on payment in agro-
tourism. In Pune and Kolhapur districts of Tourism and economic development :
Maharashtra number of agro-tourism centres Tourism development helps the Indian
have been developed. economy in a great way. Restaurants, shops,
Film tourism is a new type of tourism. transportation systems, recreational places,
The locations where films are shot attract a etc develop because of tourism and directly
contribute to the economy. Also, basic
crowd of tourists and hence the concept of
infrastructure improves and employment is
film tourism emerged. A number of amenities generated which is advantageous to the
and facilities are provided to attract tourists to economy indirectly. Tourism plays an
these places where film shooting takes place important role in economic development.
e.g. Mumbai film city, Ramoji City, etc. Therefore, it is said that tourism is an invisible
Tarkarli in Konkan is famous for its trade.
seabed and the biodiversity found there. Here, Tourism and environmental
the tourists can do ‘snorkelling’ and ‘scuba development : Tourism is good for
diving.’ MTDC has started a ‘scuba diving’ environmental development. To develop
training centre of international standards at natural locations, sanctuaries, national parks,
Tarkarli (Tal. Malwan, Dist. Sindhudurg). etc. economic investment is made by the
Importance of tourism development in India : government for the sake of tourism industry.
India is diverse in terms of culture and Because of eco-friendly tourism concept,
nature. Tourism has lot of potential here. The tourist places can be developed while caring
richness of natural beauty in India, attractive for the environment. Factors like housing,
resorts, traffic routes, etc. are also designed
landscapes, high mountains like the
in an eco-friendly manner. In this type of
Himalayas, exquisite coastal areas attracts developmental process, electricity, water are
tourists. Also, the diversity of Indian culture, used very judiciously. The concept of recycle
festivals, traditions, costumes, variety of and reuse is also applied. Natural environment
dishes made using Indian spices and is maintained and tourism is developed too.
hospitality of the Indians has resulted in Tourism and health : Some tourists visit
opportunities of tourism in India. India to avail the health facilities. Visiting
the places of tourist interest and achieving
Always remember - mental peace and physical strength through
Indian Ayurveda, Yoga, Pranayam, etc. is the
™ Make sure you know the timings of the objective behind it.
high tides and low tides when you visit The medicinal and surgical treatment in
a seaside. Indian hospitals are cost-effective and
™ Do not go near sea coasts, hilltops, therefore, many patients from various
jungles, unknown caves, etc without a developing countries come here for treatment.
local guide. Medical Tourism develops from the facilities
™ Avoid clicking ‘selfies’ at sea-cliffs, required by these tourists.
hill edges or with wild animals. Tourism and social development : Some
™ Avoid the temptation to swim in the specific social programmes can be
sea or go into the deep waters. accomplished through tourism. If facets like
™ Keep the tourist places clean. rural lifestyle, tribal life and culture are
included in tourism, tourism gets a social
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dimension and the neglected components of
the society can be included in development. Think about it.
The tribal life in Melghat of Maharashtra
and visit to model villages like ‘Anandwan’ We saw the various types of tourism.
project of the social activist Baba Amte, Just think, can we go into the space for
Ralegansiddhi, Hiwre Bazaar, etc. creates
tourism? What will we have to do for that?
social consciousness and gives a flip to
development there. Where can we go? Present your ideas in
There is a great potential for the the form of pictures or paragraphs, etc.
development of such a type of tourism in
India. In future, tourism will be an important
factor in the Indian economy.

Exercise

Q 1 Identify the type of tourism from the Q 3 Answer in brief.

statement. 1) Differentiate between religious and
(A) Hemant Kumar went to Mexico to cultural tourism.
learn about the architectural skills 2) What are the objectives of tourism?
of the Mayan culture. 3) Explain the environmental effects of
(B) Portuguese tourists had come to tourism.
Goa to participate in the Goa 4) What opportunities develop with
Carnival. development of tourism?
(C) To seek treatment in a naturopathy 5) Suggest measures after explaining the
centre, John and Amar went to problems arising at the tourist places.
Kerala. 6) Explain with reason the places of
(D) Pundalikrao accomplished the interest that can be developed as
Char Dham Yatra with his family. tourist centres in your district.
(E) Rameshwari from Pune went to 7) Local people get employment due to
enjoy Hurda (Roasted Grain) tourism. Give reasons.
party and learn about modern and Q 4 Make a notice board containing
traditional methods of agriculture. instructions for the tourists at a tourist
(F) Sayyed family went to Ajmer place.
Durgah.
Q 2 Match the columns identifying the correlation. Make a chain.
Group ‘ A’ Group ‘B’ Group ‘ C’
(1) Tadoba (1) Madhya Pradesh (1) Lake
(2) Bird Sancturay (2) Agra (2) Butterflies
(3) Sanjay Gandhi National Park (3) Manipur (3) Kailash caves
(4) Taj Mahal (4) Nannaj (4) Film city
(5) Ramoji Film City (5) Ellora (5) World famous wonder
(6) Radhanagari (6) Mumbai (6) Ancient cave-paintings
(7) Bhimbetka (7) Hyderabad (7) Great Indian Bustard (Maaldhok)
(8) Ancient Caves (8) Kolhapur (8) Kanheri Caves
(9) Eaglenest wildlife Sanctuary (9) Chandrapur (9) Bison
(10) Loktak (10) Arunachal Pradesh (10) Tiger
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