Department of BES-II

Digital Design and Computer

Architecture 23EC1202
Topic:
ENCODER, DECODER

Session No: 06
 AIM OF THE SESSION

To familiarize students with the basic concept of Encoder & Decoders.

INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES

This Session is designed to:

1. Relate the concepts of encoding and decoding to their practical applications in digital systems.
2. Explore the applications of encoders and decoders in fields such as digital communications, signal processing,
and data interpretation.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this session, you should be able to:

1. Demonstrate problem-solving skills by applying encoder and decoder knowledge to real-world scenarios.
2. Relate the learned concepts of encoding and decoding to practical applications in digital systems.
 SESSION INTRODUCTION: ENCODER

➢ An encoder is a device which converts numbers or

characters or symbols into a coded format.

➢ It reduces the number of bits needed to represent the given

information.

➢ Encoders are used for transmitting the information.

➢ Thus the transmission link uses fewer lines to transmit the

encoded information.

➢ Eg: QR code, calculators, Keyboard, etc.

 ENCODER: 8 to 3 Encoder

I7 I6 I5 I4 I3 I2 I1 I0 Y2 Y1 Y0
Y2 = I 7 + I 6 + I 5 + I 4
I7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Y1 = I 7 + I 6 + I 3 + I 2
I6
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Y0 = I 7 + I 5 + I 3 + I1
I5
Y2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Encoder

I4 I7
Binary

I3 Y1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 I6 Y2
Y0 I5
I2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 I4
I1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 I3 Y1
I0 I2
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
I1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 I0 Y0
 ENCODER Application

Compass Binary output

Encoder Navigation Direction

North 0 0 0
North-East 0 0 1
East 0 1 0
South-East 0 1 1
South 1 0 0
South-West 1 0 1
West 1 1 0
North-West 1 1 1
 DECODER

Decoder is a combinational circuit that has ‘n’ input lines and maximum of 2n output lines. One of
these outputs will be active High based on the combination of inputs present, when the decoder is
enabled.
 3–to-8 DECODER

Block Diagram Truth Table Logic Diagram

X Y Z F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 F0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 DECODER Application

𝒀𝟎 Addition
𝒀𝟏 Subtraction
0 𝑪𝟎 𝒀𝟐
Multiplication
0 𝑪𝟏 𝒀𝟑 Division
Decoder
𝒀𝟒 AND
0 𝑪𝟐 𝒀𝟓
OR
𝒀𝟔
NOT
𝒀𝟕
XOR

EN
 Implementation of Boolean Functions using Decoder
Eg : Implement a Full adder using a suitable decoder and OR gates.

S (x, y, z) = ∑m(1, 2, 4, 7)
C (x, y, z) = ∑m(3, 5, 6, 7)

x
y
z
TRADITIONAL ENCODE-DECODE MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS

1. What is the primary function of an Encoder?

A. To combine multiple inputs into one output

B. To decode digital signals into analog signals
C. To convert digital data into a coded form
D. To amplify signals

2. How many input lines are required for a 4-to-2 Encoder?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 8
 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS

3. What is the configuration of a Decoder?

A. One input, multiple outputs

B. Multiple inputs, one output
C. Multiple inputs, multiple outputs
D. One input, one output

4. In a 2-to-4 Encoder, if the input is 01, which output line will be active?

A. Output 0
B. Output 1
C. Output 2
D. Output 3
 TERMINAL QUESTIONS

Short answer questions:

1. Draw the truth table of a 8:3 encoder.
2. Name any two practical applications where an encoder is commonly used.

Long answer questions:

1. Design a circuit diagram for a 8-to-3 line encoder. Include input and output labels in your diagram.
2. Design a circuit diagram for a 3-to-8 line decoder. Include input and output labels in your diagram.
3. Design a Full Adder circuit utilizing an appropriate decoder and OR gates.
 REFERENCES FOR FURTHER LEARNING OF THE SESSION

Reference Books:
1. Computer System Architecture by M. Moris Mano
2. Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog HDL by Stephen Brown and ZvonkoVranesic

Sites and Web links:

1. https://www.prepbytes.com/blog/digital-electronics/difference-between-encoder-and-decoder/
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-encoder-and-decoder/
 THANK YOU

Team – Digital Design & Computer Architecture