Fundamentals of Sensors and IoT
Arduino Programming
Mehak Chabra 20BCE10885
Question 1: Interfacing with temperature sensor
// Define the analog pin, the LM35's Vout pin is connected to
#define sensorPin A0
void setup() {
// Begin serial communication at 9600 baud rate
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// Get the voltage reading from the LM35
int reading = analogRead(sensorPin);
// Convert that reading into voltage
float voltage = reading * (5.0 / 1024.0);
// Convert the voltage into the temperature in Celsius
float temperatureC = voltage * 100;
// Print the temperature in Celsius
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperatureC);
Serial.print("\xC2\xB0"); // shows degree symbol
Serial.print("C | ");
// Print the temperature in Fahrenheit
float temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0;
Serial.print(temperatureF);
Serial.print("\xC2\xB0"); // shows degree symbol
Serial.println("F");
delay(1000); // wait a second between readings
}
Question 2: Interfacing with humidity sensor
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
int tmppin = A1;
int tmp = 0;
int celcius = 0;
LiquidCrystal lcd_1(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Serial Monitor Started");
lcd_1.begin(16, 2);
lcd_1.print ("Humidity:");
void loop()
{
tmp = analogRead(tmppin);
float celsius = 100 * 5.0 * tmp/ 1024;
Serial.println(celsius);
lcd_1.setCursor(6,0);
lcd_1.print(celsius);
lcd_1.setCursor(2, 1);
if (celsius <40) {
lcd_1.print ("LOW Humidity");
}
else{
lcd_1.print ("HIGH Humidity");
}
}
Question3: Interfacing with ultrasonic sensor
const int pingPin = 8;
const int LEDPin1 = 9;
const int LEDPin2 = 10;
const int LEDPin3 = 11;
const int LEDPin4 = 12;
const int LEDPin5 = 13;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
pinMode(12, OUTPUT);
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
long duration, inches, cm;
int status;
pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(5);
digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
pinMode(pingPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(pingPin, HIGH);
inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
status = map(cm,0,336,255,0);
Serial.println(status);
analogWrite(6, status);
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.print("in, ");
Serial.print(cm);
Serial.print("cm");
Serial.println();
if (cm < 50){
digitalWrite(9, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(10, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(11, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(12, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
delay(100);
}else if (cm >50 and cm < 100){
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(10, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(11, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(12, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
delay(100);
} else if(cm > 100 and cm <150){
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(11, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(12, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
delay(100);
}else if(cm>150 and cm <200){
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(12, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
delay(100);
} else if(cm>200 and cm <250){
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
delay(100);
} else if(cm>250){
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
delay(100);
}
delay(100);
}
long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds) {
return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds) {
return microseconds / 29 / 2;}
