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Arduino code explaination

This document provides an example Arduino code for a basic hydroponic irrigation system that monitors pH, EC, and water levels while controlling dosing pumps for nutrients and a water pump for irrigation. It includes pin definitions, sensor readings, control logic for adjusting pH and EC levels, and water level management. The code serves as a framework that may require calibration and adjustments based on specific hardware and system design.

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christopher john
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5 views

Arduino code explaination

This document provides an example Arduino code for a basic hydroponic irrigation system that monitors pH, EC, and water levels while controlling dosing pumps for nutrients and a water pump for irrigation. It includes pin definitions, sensor readings, control logic for adjusting pH and EC levels, and water level management. The code serves as a framework that may require calibration and adjustments based on specific hardware and system design.

Uploaded by

christopher john
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here’s an example Arduino code for a basic hydroponic irrigation system that

monitors pH, EC, and water levels. The code assumes you are using analog
sensors for pH and EC, and digital sensors for water levels. It also controls
dosing pumps for nutrients A and B based on the pH and EC readings, and a
water pump for irrigation.

Arduino Code for Hydroponic Irrigation System

// Pin Definitions

const int pHPin = A0; // pH Sensor connected to analog pin A0

const int ECPin = A1; // EC Sensor connected to analog pin A1

const int waterLevelPin = 2; // Water level sensor connected to digital pin


D2

const int pHPumpPin = 3; // Acid Pump connected to digital pin D3

const int basePumpPin = 4; // Base Pump connected to digital pin D4

const int waterPumpPin = 5; // Water Pump connected to digital pin D5

const int nutrientAPumpPin = 6; // Nutrient A Pump connected to digital pin


D6

const int nutrientBPumpPin = 7; // Nutrient B Pump connected to digital pin


D7

// pH and EC thresholds

float minPH = 5.5; // Minimum pH threshold

float maxPH = 6.5; // Maximum pH threshold

float minEC = 1000; // Minimum EC (µS/cm) threshold

float maxEC = 3000; // Maximum EC (µS/cm) threshold

// Water Level Threshold

const int lowWaterLevel = 0; // Low water level indicator (LOW state)

const int highWaterLevel = 1; // High water level indicator (HIGH state)


void setup() {

// Start serial communication for debugging

Serial.begin(9600);

// Set pump pins as outputs

pinMode(pHPumpPin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(basePumpPin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(waterPumpPin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(nutrientAPumpPin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(nutrientBPumpPin, OUTPUT);

// Set water level sensor pin as input

pinMode(waterLevelPin, INPUT);

void loop() {

// Read sensor values

float pH = readPH(); // Read pH sensor value

float EC = readEC(); // Read EC sensor value

int waterLevel = digitalRead(waterLevelPin); // Read water level sensor

// Print sensor data to Serial Monitor for debugging

Serial.print("pH: ");

Serial.println(pH);

Serial.print("EC: ");

Serial.println(EC);

Serial.print("Water Level: ");


if (waterLevel == LOW) {

Serial.println("Low");

} else {

Serial.println("High");

// Check pH level and adjust

if (pH < minPH) {

// pH too low, add base

digitalWrite(pHPumpPin, HIGH); // Turn on acid pump to lower pH

delay(1000); // Run the pump for 1 second

digitalWrite(pHPumpPin, LOW); // Turn off acid pump

} else if (pH > maxPH) {

// pH too high, add acid

digitalWrite(basePumpPin, HIGH); // Turn on base pump to raise pH

delay(1000); // Run the pump for 1 second

digitalWrite(basePumpPin, LOW); // Turn off base pump

// Check EC level and adjust

if (EC < minEC) {

// EC too low, add nutrient A

digitalWrite(nutrientAPumpPin, HIGH); // Turn on nutrient A pump

delay(1000); // Run the pump for 1 second

digitalWrite(nutrientAPumpPin, LOW); // Turn off nutrient A pump

} else if (EC > maxEC) {

// EC too high, add nutrient B


digitalWrite(nutrientBPumpPin, HIGH); // Turn on nutrient B pump

delay(1000); // Run the pump for 1 second

digitalWrite(nutrientBPumpPin, LOW); // Turn off nutrient B pump

// Check water level

if (waterLevel == LOW) {

// Low water level, turn on water pump

digitalWrite(waterPumpPin, HIGH); // Turn on water pump

delay(2000); // Run the pump for 2 seconds

digitalWrite(waterPumpPin, LOW); // Turn off water pump

// Wait before reading sensors again

delay(5000); // 5 seconds delay between each cycle

float readPH() {

int sensorValue = analogRead(pHPin); // Read the pH sensor value (0-1023)

float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0); // Convert to voltage (0-5V)

// Convert voltage to pH value (This may vary based on sensor calibration)

float pH = 7 + ((2.5 - voltage) * 3.5); // Adjust this formula based on your


sensor calibration

return pH;

float readEC() {
int sensorValue = analogRead(ECPin); // Read the EC sensor value (0-1023)

float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0); // Convert to voltage (0-5V)

// Convert voltage to EC value (This will depend on the calibration of your


EC sensor)

float EC = voltage * 1000; // Example conversion, adjust based on your


sensor

return EC;

Explanation of the Code:

1. Pin Assignments: The analog and digital pins are assigned to the pH
sensor, EC sensor, water level sensor, and actuators (pumps and
valves).

2. Sensor Readings: The readPH() and readEC() functions convert the


analog sensor values into usable pH and EC readings. These
conversion formulas should be adjusted according to the calibration of
your specific sensors.

3. Control Logic:

o pH Control: If the pH goes below the minimum, an acid pump is


triggered to raise the pH. If it exceeds the maximum, a base
pump is triggered to lower the pH.

o EC Control: Nutrient A and B pumps are controlled based on the


EC level.

o Water Level: If the water level is low, a water pump is activated


to refill the reservoir.

4. Pump Timing: The pumps are activated for 1 second (or 2 seconds for
the water pump), but this can be adjusted according to your system's
requirements.

Key Notes:

 Sensor Calibration: You need to calibrate your pH and EC sensors


before using this code, as the formulas for converting analog readings
to pH and EC values depend on your sensor's characteristics.
 Timing: The delay times (1 second for pumps and 5 seconds for the
cycle) can be adjusted based on your system's needs.

This Arduino code is a basic framework for your hydroponic irrigation system.
You may need to fine-tune the sensor reading logic and pump control based
on your specific hardware and system design.

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