CLASS AND OBJECT

QS -1. Create a class named 'Student' with String variable 'name' and integer variable 'roll_no'.
Assign the value of roll_no as '2' and that of name as "John" by creating an object of the class
Student.

class Student{

String name;

int roll_no;

class Ans{

public static void main(String[] args){

Student s = new Student();

s.name = "John";

s.roll_no = 2;

System.out.println("Name is "+s.name+" and roll number is "+s.roll_no);

QS- 2. The Matrix class has methods for each of the following:
1 - get the number of rows
2 - get the number of columns
3 - set the elements of the matrix at given position (i,j)
4 - adding two matrices. If the matrices are not addable, "Matrices cannot be added" will be
displayed.
5 - multiplying the two matrices

class Matrix{

int row;

int column;

int[][] a;

public Matrix(int r, int c){

row = r;

column = c;
 a = new int[row][column];

public int getRows(){

return row;

public int getColumns(){

return column;

public int getElement(int r, int c){

return a[r][c];

public void setElement(int r, int c, int element){

a[r][c] = element;

public static Matrix add(Matrix x, Matrix y){

if((x.row == y.row) && (x.column == y.column)){

Matrix m = new Matrix(x.row,x.column);

for(int i = 0;i<m.row;i++){

for(int j = 0;j<m.column;j++){

m.setElement(i,j,(x.getElement(i,j)+y.getElement(i,j)));

return m;

else{

System.out.println("Matrices can not be added");

public static Matrix product(Matrix x, Matrix y){

Matrix m = new Matrix(x.row,y.column);

for(int j = 0;j<x.row;j++){

for(int i = 0;i<y.column;i++){

int sum = 0;

for(int k = 0;k<x.column;k++){

sum = sum+(x.getElement(j,k)*y.getElement(k,i));

m.setElement(j,i,sum);

return m;

public void printMatrix(){

System.out.println("Matrix is :");

for(int i = 0;i<row;i++){

for(int j = 0;j<column;j++){

System.out.print(a[i][j]+"\t");
 }

System.out.println("");

class Ans{

public static void main(String[] args){

Matrix m = new Matrix(3,3);

Matrix n = new Matrix(3,3);

int k = 1;

for(int i = 0;i<3;i++){

for(int j = 0;j < 3;j++){

m.setElement(i,j,k);

k++;

n.setElement(i,j,k);

k++;

m.printMatrix();

n.printMatrix();

Matrix o = Matrix.add(m,n);

o.printMatrix();

Matrix p = Matrix.product(m,n);
 p.printMatrix();

QS- 3. Write a program to print the area of a rectangle by creating a class named 'Area' taking
the values of its length and breadth as parameters of its constructor and having a method named
'returnArea' which returns the area of the rectangle. Length and breadth of rectangle are entered
through keyboard.

import java.util.*;

class Area{

int length;

int breadth;

public Area(int l, int b){

length = l;

breadth = b;

public int getArea(){

return length*breadth;

class Ans{

public static void main(String[] args){

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);

int l,b;

System.out.println("Enter length");

l = s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter breadth");

b = s.nextInt();
 Area a = new Area(l,b);

System.out.println("Area : "+a.getArea());

QS 4. Print the sum, difference and product of two complex numbers by creating a class named
'Complex' with separate methods for each operation whose real and imaginary parts are entered
by user.

import java.util.*;

class Complex{

int real;

int imag;

public Complex(int r, int i){

real = r;

imag = i;

public static Complex add(Complex a, Complex b){

return new Complex((a.real+b.real),(a.imag+b.imag));

public static Complex diff(Complex a, Complex b){

return new Complex((a.real-b.real),(a.imag-b.imag));

public static Complex product(Complex a, Complex b){

return new Complex(((a.real*b.real)-(a.imag*b.imag)),((a.real*b.imag)+(a.imag*b.real)));

}
 public void printComplex(){

if(real == 0 && imag!=0){

System.out.println(imag+"i");

else if(imag == 0 && real!=0){

System.out.println(real);

else{

System.out.println(real+"+"+imag+"i");

class Ans{

public static void main(String[] args){

Complex c = new Complex(4,5);

Complex d = new Complex(9,4);

Complex e = Complex.add(c,d);

Complex f = Complex.diff(c,d);

Complex g = Complex.product(c,d);

e.printComplex();

f.printComplex();

g.printComplex();

}
}

QS- 5-Write a program to print the area of two rectangles having sides (4,5) and (5,8)
respectively by creating a class named 'Rectangle' with a method named 'Area' which returns the
area and length and breadth passed as parameters to its constructor.

class Rectangle{

int length;

int breadth;

public Rectangle(int l, int b){

length = l;

breadth = b;

public int getArea(){

return length*breadth;

public int getPerimeter(){

return 2*(length+breadth);

class Ans{

public static void main(String[] args){

Rectangle a = new Rectangle(4,5);

Rectangle b = new Rectangle(5,8);

System.out.println("Area : "+a.getArea()+" Perimeter is "+a.getPerimeter());

System.out.println("Area : "+b.getArea()+" Perimeter is "+b.getPerimeter());

}
METHODS:-

QS-1 Write a Java method to find the smallest number among three numbers.

Test Data:
Input the first number: 25
Input the Second number: 37
Input the third number: 29

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Exercise1 {

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Input the first number: ");

double x = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Input the Second number: ");

double y = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Input the third number: ");

double z = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("The smallest value is " + smallest(x, y, z)+"\n" );

public static double smallest(double x, double y, double z)

return Math.min(Math.min(x, y), z);

Sample Output:

Input the first number: 25

Input the third number: 29

The smallest value is 25.0

QS-2 Write a Java method to compute the average of three numbers. Go to the editor

Test Data:

Input the first number: 25

Input the second number: 45

Input the third number: 65

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Exercise2 {

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Input the first number: ");

double x = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Input the second number: ");

double y = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Input the third number: ");

double z = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("The average value is " + average(x, y, z)+"\n" );

public static double average(double x, double y, double z)

return (x + y + z) / 3;

}
}

Sample Output:

Input the first number: 25

Input the second number: 45

Input the third number: 65

The average value is 45.0

QS-3. Write a Java method to display the middle character of a string. Go to the editor

Note: a) If the length of the string is odd there will be two middle characters.

b) If the length of the string is even there will be one middle character.

Test Data:

Input a string: 350

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Exercise3 {

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Input a string: ");

String str = in.nextLine();

System.out.print("The middle character in the string: " + middle(str)+"\n");

public static String middle(String str)

int position;

int length;

if (str.length() % 2 == 0)
 {

position = str.length() / 2 - 1;

length = 2;

else

position = str.length() / 2;

length = 1;

return str.substring(position, position + length);

QS-4. Write a Java method to count all vowels in a string

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Exercise4 {

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Input the string: ");

String str = in.nextLine();

System.out.print("Number of Vowels in the string: " + count_Vowels(str)+"\n");

public static int count_Vowels(String str)

int count = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)

if (str.charAt(i) == 'a' || str.charAt(i) == 'e' || str.charAt(i) == 'i'

|| str.charAt(i) == 'o' || str.charAt(i) == 'u')

count++;

return count;

Sample Output:

Input the string:SRMSCETR

Number of Vowels in the string: 1

QS-5. Write a Java method to count all words in a string.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Exercise5 {

public static void main(String[] args)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Input the string: ");

String str = in.nextLine();

System.out.print("Number of words in the string: " + count_Words(str)+"\n");

public static int count_Words(String str)

int count = 0;

if (!(" ".equals(str.substring(0, 1))) || !(" ".equals(str.substring(str.length() - 1))))

for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)

if (str.charAt(i) == ' ')

count++;

count = count + 1;

return count; // returns 0 if string starts or ends with space " ".

Sample Output:

Input the string: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

Number of words in the string: 9

METHOD OVERLOADING:-

1. public class MetodOverloadingExample1

// Normal main()

public static void main(String[] args)

System.out.println("Hello Readers, Welcome to DataFlair");

}
 // Overloaded main methods

public static void main(String arg1)

System.out.println("Hi, " + arg1);

MetodOverloadingExample1.main("DataFlair");

public static void main(String arg1, String arg2)

System.out.println("Hi, " + arg1 + ", " + arg2);

2. public class Sum {

// Overloaded sum(). This sum takes two int parameters

public int sum(int x, int y)

return (x + y);
 }

// Overloaded sum(). This sum takes three int parameters

public int sum(int x, int y, int z)

return (x + y + z);

// Overloaded sum(). This sum takes two double parameters

public double sum(double x, double y)

return (x + y);

// Driver code

public static void main(String args[])

Sum s = new Sum();

System.out.println(s.sum(10, 20));

System.out.println(s.sum(10, 20, 30));

System.out.println(s.sum(10.5, 20.5));

Output :

30

60

31.0
3. class Multiply {

void mul(int a, int b) {

System.out.println("Sum of two=" + (a * b));

void mul(int a, int b, int c) {

System.out.println("Sum of three=" + (a * b * c));

public class Polymorphism {

public static void main(String args[]) {

Multiply m = new Multiply();

m.mul(6, 10);

m.mul(10, 6, 5);

output:-

Sum of two=60

Sum of three=300

Program to demonstrate method overloading based on number of parameter

4. class DispOvrload

public void show(char ch)

System.out.println ("You have typed the letter: "+ch);

public void show(char ch, char ch1)

System.out.println("You have typed the letter: "+ch+", and " + ch1);

class Main

public static void main (String args[] )

DispOvrload o1 = new DispOvrload();

o1.show('G');

o1.show( 'S', 'J' );

Output:-

You have typed the letter: G

You have typed the letter: S, and J

5. Program to demonstrate method overloading based sequence of data type in parameter

class DispOvrload

public void show(char ch, int numb)

System.out.println ("The 'show method' is defined for the first time.");

public void show(int numb, char ch)

System.out.println ("The 'show method' is defined for the second time." );

}
}

class Main

public static void main (String args[] )

DispOvrload o1 = new DispOvrload();

o1.show('G', 62);

o1.show(46, 'S');

output:-

The 'show method' is defined for the first time.

The 'show method' is defined for the second time.

MRTHOD OVERRIDING:-

1. public class Findareas {

public static void main (String []agrs) {

Figure f = new Figure(10 , 10);

Rectangle r = new Rectangle(9 , 5);

Figure figref;

figref = f;

System.out.println("Area is :"+figref.area());

figref = r;

System.out.println("Area is :"+figref.area());

class Figure {

double dim1;
 double dim2;

Figure(double a , double b) {

dim1 = a;

dim2 = b;

Double area() {

System.out.println("Inside area for figure.");

return(dim1*dim2);

class Rectangle extends Figure {

Rectangle(double a, double b) {

super(a ,b);

Double area() {

System.out.println("Inside area for rectangle.");

return(dim1*dim2);

output:-

Inside area for figure.

Area is :100.0

Inside area for rectangle.

Area is :45.0

2. class Animal{

public String move(){

class Cow extends Animal{

@Override

public String move(){

return "Cow can walk and run";

public class OverridingMethods {

public static void main(String args[]){

Animal a = new Animal(); // Animal reference to an Animal object

Animal b = new Cow(); // Animal reference to a Cow object

System.out.println(a.move()); // Runs the method in Animal class

System.out.println(b.move()); // Runs the method in Cow class

Output:

Animals can move

Cow can walk and run

3. public class CollectionTest {

public static void main(String args[]) {

Runnable task = new Task();

task.run(); //call overridden method in Task

task.run(); //calls overridden method in PeriodicTas

class Task implements Runnable{

@Override

public void run() {

System.out.println("Run method overridden in Task class");

class PeriodicTask extends Task{

@Override

public void run() {

System.err.println("overridden method run() in PeriodicTask class");

Output:

Run method overridden in Task class

overridden method run() in PeriodicTask class

4. class IceCreamPricesWithOverriding
{

public static void main(String arg[])

IceCream ic = new IceCream();

ic.flavor = "Pista";

ic.numberOfScoops = 2;

System.out.println(ic.numberOfScoops + " scoops of " + ic.flavor + " flavor price is : " +

FruitSaladWithIceCream fs = new FruitSaladWithIceCream();

fs.flavor = "Chocolate";

fs.numberOfScoops = 1;

fs.gramsOfFruitSalad = 50;

System.out.print(fs.gramsOfFruitSalad + " grams of fruit salad and ");

System.out.println(fs.numberOfScoops + " scoops of " + fs.flavor + " flavor price is : " +

KhubaniKaMeetaWithIceCream kkm = new KhubaniKaMeetaWithIceCream();

kkm.flavor = "Vanila";

kkm.numberOfScoops = 1;

kkm.gramsOfKhubaniKaMeeta = 75;

System.out.print(kkm.gramsOfKhubaniKaMeeta + " grams of khubani ka meeta and ");

System.out.println(kkm.numberOfScoops + " scoops of " + kkm.flavor + " flavor price is : "

class IceCream

String flavor;

int numberOfScoops;

double getPrice()

double pricePerScoop = 35.0;

return numberOfScoops * pricePerScoop;

class FruitSaladWithIceCream extends IceCream

int gramsOfFruitSalad;

double getPrice()

double iceCreamPrice = super.getPrice(); // LINE A

double pricePerGram = 0.75;

return gramsOfFruitSalad * pricePerGram + iceCreamPrice;

}
class KhubaniKaMeetaWithIceCream extends IceCream

int gramsOfKhubaniKaMeeta;

double getPrice()

double iceCreamPrice = super.getPrice(); // LINE B

double pricePerGram = 1.25;

return gramsOfKhubaniKaMeeta * pricePerGram + iceCreamPrice;

OUTPUT

2 scoops of Pista flavor price is : 70.0

50 grams of fruit salad and 1 scoops of Chocolate flavor price is : 72.5

75 grams of khubani ka meeta and 1 scoops of Vanila flavor price is : 128.75

5. /**

* This program is used for simple method overriding example.

* @author CodesJava

*/

class Student {

/**

* This method is used to show details of a student.

* @author CodesJava

*/

public void show(){

public class CollegeStudent extends Student {

/**

* This method is used to show details of a college student.

* @author CodesJava

*/

public void show(){

System.out.println("College Student details.");

//main method

public static void main(String args[]){

CollegeStudent obj = new CollegeStudent();

//subclass overrides super class method

//hence method of CollegeStudent class will be called.

obj.show();

Output:

College Student details.

SINGLE LEVEL INHARITANCE:-

1. class Shape {

public void display() {

System.out.println("Inside display");
 }

class Rectangle extends Shape {

public void area() {

System.out.println("Inside area");

public class Tester {

public static void main(String[] arguments) {

Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();

rect.display();

rect.area();

Output

Inside display

Inside area

2. public class Inherit_Single {

protected String str;

Inherit_Single() {

str = "Java ";

}
class SubClass extends Inherit_Single {

SubClass() {

str = str.concat("World !!!");

void display()

System.out.println(str);

class MainClass {

public static void main (String args[]){

SubClass obj = new SubClass();

obj.display();

Sample Output

Java World !!!

3. class Faculty
{

float salary=30000;

class Science extends Faculty

float bonous=2000;

public static void main(String args[])

Science obj=new Science();

System.out.println("Salary is:"+obj.salary);

System.out.println("Bonous is:"+obj.bonous);

Output

Salary is: 30000.0

Bonous is: 2000.0

MULTILEVEL INHARITANCE:-

class Car{

public Car()

System.out.println("Class Car");

public void vehicleType()

System.out.println("Vehicle Type: Car");

}
class Maruti extends Car{

public Maruti()

System.out.println("Class Maruti");

public void brand()

System.out.println("Brand: Maruti");

public void speed()

System.out.println("Max: 90Kmph");

public class Maruti800 extends Maruti{

public Maruti800()

System.out.println("Maruti Model: 800");

public void speed()

System.out.println("Max: 80Kmph");

public static void main(String args[])

Maruti800 obj=new Maruti800();

obj.brand();

obj.speed();

Output:

Class Car

Class Maruti

Maruti Model: 800

Vehicle Type: Car

Brand: Maruti

Max: 80Kmph

2. class Person

Person()

System.out.println("Person constructor");

void nationality()

{
System.out.println("Indian");

void place()

System.out.println("Mumbai");

class Emp extends Person

Emp()

System.out.println("Emp constructor");

}
void organization()

System.out.println("IBM");

void place()

System.out.println("New York");

class Manager extends Emp

Manager()

System.out.println("Manager constructor");
}

void subordinates()

System.out.println(12);

void place()

System.out.println("London");

class Check

public static void main(String arg[])

Manager m=new Manager();

m.nationality();

m.organization();

m.subordinates();

m.place();

Output:

Person constructor

Emp constructor

Manager constructor

Indian

IBM

12

London

3. package management;

import java.util.Scanner;

class teacher{
 void tech(){

System.out.println("!!!Subject!!!\t\t!!Empid!!\n1)java\t\t\t101\n2)php\t\t\t102\n3)Android\t\
t103\n\n");

class Admin extends teacher{

void admin(){

System.out.println("!!!Salary!!!\t\t!!Shift!!\n1)rs25,000\t\t9:00 AM to 5:00PM\
n2)rs30,000\t\t9:00 AM to 5:30PM)\n3)rs45,000\t\t5:00 PM to 9:00AM\n\n");

class Manage extends Admin{

void manager(){

System.out.println("!!!HR Salary!!!\t\t!!!FinanceSalary!!!\n

1)Rs35,000\t\t40,000\n2)Rs45,000\t\t47,000\n1)Rs55,000\t\t57,000\n");

public class Management {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// TODO code application logic here

Manage m=new Manage();

Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter your Department\n 1.teacher\n2.admin\n3.manager\n");

String dept=s.nextLine();

if(dept.equals("teacher"))

{ m.tech();

}
 else if(dept.equals("admin"))

{ m.admin();

else if(dept.equals("manager"))

{ m.manager();

else

{ System.out.println("Invalid Input again try");

4. class Student {

String name = "jai";

class CollegeStudent extends Student {

String className = "MCA";

class McaStudent extends CollegeStudent{

/**

* This method is used to show details of a student.

* @author CodesJava

*/

public void showDetail(){

System.out.println("Student name = " + name);

System.out.println("Student class name = " + className);

System.out.println("Student semester = " + semester);

public class StudentTest {

public static void main(String args[]){

//creating subclass object

McaStudent obj = new McaStudent();

//method call

obj.showDetail();

Output:

Student name = jai

Student class name = MCA

Student semester = 3rd sem.

String name="anu";

int age=20;

class mark extends name

int m1=30,m2=30,m3=30;

class student extends mark

int total;

void calc()

total=m1+m2+m3;

void show()

System.out.println("NAME:" +name+"\nAGE:"+age+"\nMARK1="+m1+"\nMARK2="+m2+"\
nMARK3="+m3+"\nTOTAL:"+total);

class multilevel

public static void main(String args[])

student ob=new student();

ob.calc();
ob.show();

MULTITHREADING:-

1. package com.techbeamers.multithreading;

class NameMyThread

public static void main (String [] args)

MyThread mt;

if (args.length == 0)

mt = new MyThread ();

else

mt = new MyThread (args [0]);

mt.start ();

class MyThread extends Thread

MyThread ()

// The compiler creates the byte code equivalent of super ();

MyThread (String name)

setName (name); // Pass name to Thread superclass

}
 public void run ()

System.out.println ("My name is: " + getName ());

Output.

Java NameMyThread

Output:

My name is: Thread-0

2. class ThreadTest extends Thread

private Thread thread;

private String threadName;

ThreadTest( String msg)

threadName = msg;

System.out.println("Creating thread: " + threadName );

public void run()

System.out.println("Running thread: " + threadName );

try

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)

System.out.println("Thread: " + threadName + ", " + i);

catch (InterruptedException e)

System.out.println("Exception in thread: " + threadName);

System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " continue...");

public void start ()

System.out.println("Start method " + threadName );

if (thread == null)

thread = new Thread (this, threadName);

thread.start ();

public class MultipleThread

public static void main(String args[])

ThreadTest thread1 = new ThreadTest( "First Thread");

thread1.start();

ThreadTest thread2 = new ThreadTest( "Second Thread");

3. public class ProducerConsumer

public static void main(String[] args)

Shop c = new Shop();

Producer p1 = new Producer(c, 1);

Consumer c1 = new Consumer(c, 1);

p1.start();

c1.start();

class Shop

private int materials;

private boolean available = false;

while (available == false)

try

wait();

catch (InterruptedException ie)

available = false;

notifyAll();

return materials;

public synchronized void put(int value)

while (available == true)

try

wait();

catch (InterruptedException ie)

ie.printStackTrace();
 }

materials = value;

available = true;

notifyAll();

class Consumer extends Thread

private Shop Shop;

private int number;

public Consumer(Shop c, int number)

Shop = c;

this.number = number;

public void run()

int value = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)

value = Shop.get();

System.out.println("Consumed value " + this.number+ " got: " + value);

class Producer extends Thread

private Shop Shop;

private int number;

public Producer(Shop c, int number)

Shop = c;

this.number = number;

public void run()

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)

Shop.put(i);

System.out.println("Produced value " + this.number+ " put: " + i);

try

sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));

catch (InterruptedException ie)

ie.printStackTrace();

}
4. Write a program that creates 2 threads - each displaying a message (Pass the message as a
parameter to the constructor). The threads should display the messages continuously till the user
presses ctrl+c.

Thread1.java

class Thread1 extends Thread

String msg = "";

Thread1(String msg)

this.msg = msg;

public void run()

try

while (true)

System.out.println(msg);
 Thread.sleep(300);

catch (Exception ex)

ex.printStackTrace();

Thread2.java

class Thread2 extends Thread

String msg = "";

Thread2(String msg)

this.msg = msg;

public void run()

try

while (true)

System.out.println(msg);

Thread.sleep(400);
 }

catch (Exception ex)

ex.printStackTrace();

ThreadDemo.java

class ThreadDemo

public static void main(String[] args)

Thread1 t1 = new Thread1("Running Thread1....");

Thread1 t2 = new Thread1("Running Thread2....");

t1.start();

t2.start();

Output:
5. Q. Write a JAVA program which will generate the threads:

- To display 10 terms of Fibonacci series.

Fibonacci.java

import java.io.*;

class Fibonacci extends Thread

public void run()

try

int a=0, b=1, c=0;

BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

System.out.print("Enter the Limit for fabonacci: ");

int n = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());

System.out.println("\n=================================");

System.out.println("Fibonacci series:");

while (n>0)

System.out.print(c+" ");

a=b;

b=c;

c=a+b;

n=n-1;

}
 }

catch (Exception ex)

ex.printStackTrace();

Reverse.java

class Reverse extends Thread

public void run()

try

System.out.println("\n=================================");

System.out.println("\nReverse is: ");

System.out.println("=================================");

for (int i=10; i >= 1 ;i-- )

System.out.print(i+" ");

System.out.println("\n=================================\n\n");

catch (Exception ex)

{
 ex.printStackTrace();

MainThread.java

class MainThread

public static void main(String[] args)

try

Fibonacci fib = new Fibonacci();

fib.start();

fib.sleep(4000);

Reverse rev = new Reverse();

rev.start();

catch (Exception ex)

ex.printStackTrace();

}
Output: