🤩 UPDATED WORKFLOW: VOTING SYSTEM WITH TWILIO OTP (With Code & In-

depth Explanation at Every Stage)

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🔹 main.tsx – React App Entry Brief: Initializes the React app

and renders the main component.
ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root')!).render( <React.StrictM
ode> </React.StrictMode> );
Explanation:
 First file executed in the React application.
 Sets up the root of the React DOM tree..
 Its Uses <React.StrictMode> to identify potential issues.
 Targets in index.HTML.
 Passes control to App.tsx for routing.
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🔹 App.tsx Routing Between Pages Brief: Manages navigation

between pages using React Router.
 Routing & Layout Setup: The app uses react-router-dom for client-side
routing with paths defined for login, dashboards, and a fallback 404 page. All
routes are wrapped inside a Layout component for consistent UI structure.
 Protected Routes: Custom VoterRoute and AdminRoute components ensure
only authenticated users with the right roles (isVoter or isAdmin) can access
specific pages, redirecting unauthorized users to appropriate login or home
pages.
 Global Providers: The app is wrapped in multiple providers—
QueryClientProvider for managing server state with react-query, TooltipProvider
for UI tooltips, and AuthProvider for authentication context.
 Notification System: Both <Toaster /> and <Sonner /> components are
included for displaying toast notifications, possibly from different UI libraries (like
Radix UI or Sonner).

Working:

 Provides route-based navigation using React Router.

 Renders different components based on URL path.
 /login shows phone input.
 /verify for OTP verification.
 /dashboard shows voting options.
 /admin reserved for result viewing.


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🔹 VoterLogin.tsx – Phone Number Input and Trigger OTP Brief: UI for
entering phone number and requesting OTP.
function VoterLogin() { const [phone, setPhone] = useState(''); const navigate =
useNavigate();
const sendOtp = async () => { const res = await fetch('/api/send-otp', { method:
'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }, body:
JSON.stringify({ phone }), });
if (res.ok) {
navigate('/verify', { state: { phone } });
} else {
alert('Failed to send OTP');
}
};
return ( <input type="tel" placeholder="Enter phone number" onChange={e =>
setPhone(e.target.value)} /> Send OTP ); }
Explanation:
 User enters phone number.
 Triggers sendOtp() to call backend.
 POSTs phone number to /api/send-otp.
 Navigates to /verify if successful.
 Else shows alert.
 Uses React Router's useNavigate.

Working:

 Renders an input field for user to enter phone number.

 On clicking Send OTP, triggers sendOtp function.
 sendOtp sends a POST request to /api/send-otp with phone number.
 If successful, navigates user to OTP verification page.
 Phone number is passed to next page via state.
 Uses fetch API and useNavigate from React Router.


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🔹 send-otp.ts (Backend) – Twilio Integration to Send OTP Brief: Server-side

endpoint that sends OTP via Twilio.

import twilio from 'twilio';

const client = twilio(process.env.TWILIO_SID!, process.env.TWILIO_TOKEN!);
const OTP_STORE = new Map();
router.post('/send-otp', async (req, res) => { const { phone } = req.body; const
otp = Math.floor(100000 + Math.random() * 900000).toString();
OTP_STORE.set(phone, otp);
try { await client.messages.create({ body: Your OTP is ${otp}, from:
process.env.TWILIO_PHONE!, to: phone, }); res.json({ success: true }); } catch
(err) { res.status(500).json({ success: false }); } });
Explanation:
 Twilio client initialized with credentials.
 Generates 6-digit random OTP.
 Saves OTP in memory with phone number.
 Sends OTP via Twilio SMS.
 Handles success and failure cases.
 API endpoint used by frontend /send-otp.
 Uses environment variables securely.
 Replace Map with Redis for production scale.
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🔹 VerifyId.tsx – OTP Input by User Brief: Lets user input the

received OTP for verification.
Explanation:
 Page for entering OTP.
 Uses state to capture OTP.
 Uses useLocation to get phone number from previous route.
 Sends phone + OTP to backend verify endpoint.
 Redirects to /dashboard if success.
 Shows alert if OTP is invalid.

Working:

 Allows user to input OTP received on their phone.

 Reads the phone number from React Router state.
 On button click, sends phone and OTP to backend via /api/verify-otp.
 If OTP is valid, redirects user to dashboard.
 Uses useLocation and useNavigate from React Router.
 Alerts user if OTP is incorrect.
 

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🔹 verify-otp.ts (Backend) – OTP Verification Logic

router.post('/verify-otp', (req, res) => { const { phone, otp } = req.body; const
validOtp = OTP_STORE.get(phone);
if (otp === validOtp) { OTP_STORE.delete(phone); res.json({ success: true }); }
else { res.status(401).json({ success: false }); } });
Explanation:
 Validates OTP sent from frontend.
 Retrieves correct OTP from OTP_STORE.
 Deletes OTP after success (one-time use).
 Sends back JSON success flag.
 Uses HTTP 401 if mismatch.
 Should integrate expiry timestamp for better security.

verify-otp.ts (Backend) – OTP Verification Logic Brief: Verifies if entered

OTP matches the one sent.

Working:

 Accepts phone and OTP from frontend.

 Checks if the OTP matches the one stored for that phone number.
 If valid, deletes OTP (one-time use) and returns success.
 If invalid, sends a 401 unauthorized response.
 Protects against reuse and basic brute-force attempts.
 Can be improved with expiry timestamps.


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🔹 VoterDashboard.tsx – Casting Vote Brief: Interface for

authenticated users to cast their vote.
Working:
 Allows authenticated users to submit their vote.
 Uses Supabase to insert vote into database.
 Records phone number and selected candidate.
const castVote = async () => { const { error } = await
supabase.from('votes').insert([ { voter_id: phone, candidate } ]); if (!error)
alert('Vote submitted!'); };
Explanation:
  Sends vote data to Supabase.
 Includes voter phone and chosen candidate.
 Displays alert after successful insert.
 Can add logic to block duplicate voting.
 Requires backend validation for single vote per user.
 Voter data is persisted in Supabase.
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AdminDashboard.tsx – View Voting Results Brief: Admin

panel to see voting results and analytics.
Working:
 Retrieves all votes from Supabase on component load.
 Stores them in component state.
useEffect(() => { const fetchVotes = async () => { const { data } = await
supabase.from('votes').select('*'); setVotes(data); }; fetchVotes(); }, []);
Explanation:
 Fetches all votes from Supabase.
 Stores them in state for display.
 Can be filtered/grouped by candidate.
 Could be shown in chart/table format.
 Access-controlled route for admin.
 Shows live tally of all cast votes.
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.env File – Twilio Credentials Brief: Holds Twilio API credentials

used to send OTP.
Working:
 Stores sensitive Twilio keys securely.
 TWILIO_SID: Twilio account identifier.


TWILIO_SID=ACxxxxxxxxxxxx TWILIO_TOKEN=your_token
TWILIO_PHONE=+1234567890
Explanation:
 Securely stores Twilio credentials.
 Used by Twilio client in backend.
 Should never be committed to Git.
 Loaded using dotenv package.
 Keeps API secrets out of source code.