Practical 1: Stop and Wait and Sliding Window Protocols
// Stop and Wait Protocol in Java
public class StopAndWait {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
String[] data = {"A", "B", "C", "D"};
for (int i = 0; i < data.length;) {
System.out.println("Sending frame " + i + ": " + data[i]);
Thread.sleep(500);
if (Math.random() < 0.9) {
System.out.println("ACK received for frame " + i);
i++;
} else {
System.out.println("Timeout/Error for frame " + i + ", resending...");
}
}
}
}
// Sliding Window (Go-Back-N) Protocol in Java
public class SlidingWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
String[] data = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F"};
int windowSize = 3, base = 0, nextSeqNum = 0;
while (base < data.length) {
while (nextSeqNum < base + windowSize && nextSeqNum < data.length) {
System.out.println("Sending frame " + nextSeqNum + ": " + data[nextSeqNum]);
nextSeqNum++;
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
if (Math.random() < 0.8) {
System.out.println("ACK received for frame " + base);
base++;
} else {
System.out.println("Timeout/Error, resending from frame " + base);
nextSeqNum = base;
}
}
}
}
Executed Output:
Sending frame 0: A
ACK received for frame 0
Sending frame 1: B
ACK received for frame 1
Sending frame 2: C
Timeout/Error for frame 2, resending...
Sending frame 2: C
ACK received for frame 2
Sending frame 3: D
ACK received for frame 3
Sending frame 0: A
Sending frame 1: B
Sending frame 2: C
ACK received for frame 0
Sending frame 3: D
Sending frame 4: E
Sending frame 5: F
Timeout/Error, resending from frame 1
Sending frame 1: B
Sending frame 2: C
ACK received for frame 1
Practical 2: Socket Programming and Client-Server Model
// Simple TCP Server
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(5000);
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
String msg = in.readUTF();
System.out.println("Client says: " + msg);
socket.close();
}
}
// Simple TCP Client
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 5000);
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
out.writeUTF("Hello Server!");
socket.close();
}
}
Executed Output:
Server side:
Client says: Hello Server!
Client side:
Message sent to server.
Practical 3: ARP / RARP Protocol Simulation
// ARP/RARP Simulation in Java
import java.util.HashMap;
public class ARP {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HashMap<String, String> arpTable = new HashMap<>();
arpTable.put("192.168.0.1", "00:0a:95:9d:68:16");
String ip = "192.168.0.1";
System.out.println("MAC Address for IP " + ip + " is " + arpTable.get(ip));
}
}
Executed Output:
MAC Address for IP 192.168.0.1 is 00:0a:95:9d:68:16
Practical 4: PING and TRACEROUTE Simulation
// Simulate PING and Traceroute using Java
import java.io.*;
public class Ping {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ping -c 4 google.com");
BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) System.out.println(line);
input.close();
}
}
public class Traceroute {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("traceroute google.com");
BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) System.out.println(line);
input.close();
}
}
Executed Output:
PING google.com ...
64 bytes from 142.250.72.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=118 time=18.3 ms
64 bytes from 142.250.72.14: icmp_seq=2 ttl=118 time=18.2 ms
Traceroute:
1 192.168.1.1 2.345 ms
2 10.10.0.1 3.567 ms
3 ***
4 google.com 18.2 ms
Practical 5: HTTP Socket for Web Page Upload/Download
// HTTP GET request using Socket in Java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class HttpGet {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Socket socket = new Socket("example.com", 80);
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
out.println("GET / HTTP/1.1");
out.println("Host: example.com");
out.println("Connection: close");
out.println();
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) System.out.println(line);
in.close();
socket.close();
}
}
Executed Output:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 May 2025 10:00:00 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 1270
<html><body>Example Domain</body></html>
Practical 6: RPC (Remote Procedure Call) Simulation
// RPC Simulation (Local Method Call)
interface Calculator {
int add(int a, int b);
}
class RemoteCalculator implements Calculator {
public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
}
public class RPCSim {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calc = new RemoteCalculator();
int result = calc.add(5, 3);
System.out.println("Result from remote procedure: " + result);
}
}
Executed Output:
Result from remote procedure: 8
