Criminal Face Detection System
Criminal Face Detection System
Research Article
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Abstract
The increasing crime rate and the need for efficient criminal identifica-
tion and prevention have led to the adoption of security technologies
such as CCTV cameras. In this study, we propose an automated
facial recognition system using the Local Binary Patterns Histogram
(LBPH) classifier and Fisherface algorithm. The system utilizes a Haar
feature-based cascade classifier to detect faces in real-time, and the iden-
tified faces are then matched against a criminal database. Although
accurate face identification remains a challenge, the Viola-Jones frame-
work is utilized to pinpoint face positions and other features in a
picture. Face detection classifiers are publicly available through orga-
nizations like OpenCV. Our proposed system has the potential to
enhance criminal identification and prevention in public and private
spaces. Keywords: Criminal identification, CCTV, facial recognition,
LBPH classifier, Fisherface algorithm, real-time, Viola-Jones, OpenCV.
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2 Criminal Face Detection System
1 Introduction
In this study, we utilize the Local Binary Patterns Histogram (LBPH) clas-
sifier and Fisherface algorithm for automated facial recognition in order to
prevent crime and ensure public safety. The use of closed-circuit television
(CCTV) cameras has become increasingly common in both public and pri-
vate settings, and a deep learning-based approach provides real-time data to
enhance the efficiency of police forces. The three processes of face identifica-
tion - face detection, feature extraction, and face recognition - are essential
for accurate results. To locate and trace facial feature points, a local search
is used. The Viola-Jones approach is utilized to detect faces and produce a
classifier using AdaBoost. The HAAR cascade classifiers are employed in this
system for face detection. After converting the image to grayscale, we create
a square shape around the face and perform face normalization to remove any
features that may cause inaccuracies. The proposed system has the potential
to improve face recognition in various applications and enhance public safety.
2 Literature Survey
Several methodologies have been proposed for real-time face recognition. Viola-
Jones developed a framework that can accurately detect faces in challenging
conditions, such as erratic head movement or poor lighting. Ni Kadek et al.
proposed an eigenface approach that uses OpenCV library for face recognition.
Shreyak Sawhney et al. created a real-time smart attendance system that
uses Eigenface values, PCA, and convolutional neural networks. Weihua Sheng
et al. established a facial recognition framework for a security system using
TensorFlow.
For my proposed methodology, I plan to use a combination of Local Binary
Pattern Histograms (LBPH) classifier and Fisherface. This method has been
shown to be effective in accurately recognizing faces in real-time applications.
The LBPH classifier is known for its robustness to lighting changes and minor
variations in facial expressions, while Fisherface is useful for reducing dimen-
sionality and improving accuracy. By combining these two methods, I hope to
create a system that can recognize faces in real-time with high accuracy, even
in challenging conditions.
3 Proposed Methodology
Based on the proposed methodology, the LBPH (Local Binary Patterns His-
tograms) classifier and Fisherface methods will be used for face recognition.
LBPH is a powerful feature extraction method that describes the local fea-
tures of an image, while Fisherface is a technique that focuses on the global
features of an image. The combination of both methods will enable the system
to identify faces in complex images with a high degree of accuracy. The sys-
tem will compare the extracted features of the input image with the features
stored in the dataset to recognize the face. The LBPH and Fisherface methods
Criminal Face Detection System 3
have been widely used in previous research and have shown promising results
in various applications of face recognition.
the task of face recognition. This helps to reduce the dimensionality of the
feature space and improves the accuracy of the system.[15]
4 Implementation
4.1 Importing Required Modules for LBPH Classifier
and Fisherface Algorithm
n order to perform facial recognition using the LBPH classifier and Fisherface
algorithm, we need to import certain modules. These include the cv2 module
for face detection and recognition, the os module for modifying image and
directory names, the image module for reading images in the gif format, and
the NumPy module for saving images as Numpy arrays.
5 Results
5.1 Homepage
Fig. 6 Homepage
The output of a facial recognition system that uses the LBPH classifier
and Fisherface algorithm to detect criminal faces would be a prediction or
identification of the criminal in question. The result of this prediction would
depend on the accuracy and reliability of the facial recognition system, as well
as the quality and quantity of the images available for training the system. It
is important to note that facial recognition systems, including those that use
the LBPH classifier and Fisherface algorithm, are not foolproof and may have
biases or inaccuracies. Therefore, they should not be solely relied upon for the
detection of criminal faces
The result of the output of a facial recognition system using the LBPH
classifier and Fisherface algorithm would be the identification or prediction
of a person’s face in an image or video frame. The system can detect facial
features in the input image or frame, and use those features to match the face
with the closest match in its database.
In the case of video frames using the webcam on a computer, the facial
detection module would be applied to each frame in real-time to identify any
offenders that appear in the video. This can be useful in scenarios such as
security monitoring, where real-time identification of individuals is required.
8 Criminal Face Detection System
6 Conclusion
In this proposed methodology, we aim to enhance facial recognition capabilities
by using a combination of LBPH classifier and Fisherface algorithm. LBPH
classifier is able to accurately detect faces in a range of lighting conditions,
and can identify individuals even with only one training image. Meanwhile,
Fisherface algorithm can effectively extract relevant facial features and clas-
sify them. By utilizing these two approaches, we can improve the accuracy,
Criminal Face Detection System 9
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