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Data File Handling

The document contains a series of programming tasks and questions related to Python, particularly focusing on file handling, data structures, and functions. It includes examples of reading from and writing to binary and text files, as well as operations on student and employee records. Additionally, it discusses the use of libraries like pickle and csv for data manipulation and storage.

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minoob23gaming
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
7 views76 pages

Data File Handling

The document contains a series of programming tasks and questions related to Python, particularly focusing on file handling, data structures, and functions. It includes examples of reading from and writing to binary and text files, as well as operations on student and employee records. Additionally, it discusses the use of libraries like pickle and csv for data manipulation and storage.

Uploaded by

minoob23gaming
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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vse (Muepes owen “pra yoyo) 94 54 LOAN oH Lea ys (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 2. Give the output ofthe folowing code stipe nport paride Sot, Vist? (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7 9 301 Uh LE(142==0 and 84-09 1502 append i) f capent bindery cab) plekle.dump(1ist2y £5 Felesed open ("bin.dat®, rb") dats = pickle. loadiei for Indata eines) “0 Arathosbeenasted to dpa the amas of alstudens whohave scoredlss than 40 for Remedial Cass re wserdetined neon to pay he names ofthe torts rom the binary fle Student. cat whe Davee than a, 48. Flowing the structure ofeach econ a dat file nme PRODUCT Aa. Iprod_code*; value, “prod dese": valve, "stock": value) Theater prod cde and prod_ desc ra srngs andthe value for stocks an integer Wee function in Python to update the fe witha ew value of stock. The stock ae the product. cole, hoe stock sto be updated, ae to be pute durng ie execution of the function 45, Given abnary fie, STUDENT A, containing recor the folowing: 1S Aamo, 5_Nane, Percentage] ier hese ee values ae Sanne’ ~ Admission Number of student (tg) Scams ~ Name of student sting). Fercontage ~ parentage obtaned by studet et) ite fanetion In Python that would reat the contents a the le STUDENT dt and tat would dipy the deta of thore tients whose parentage sel 3. 46. wite a statement te ep binary fle C\Weyes\Tex tb end and write modes by speiyng fr fe pahin so diferent fms 47. Wite a statement in Python to perform the fllowing operations i) To epen tox ie BOOK at in read and append meses (i) To open text le BOOK tin write mode i) Te open tex fle BOOK in eppend mode £48, Who lhe folowing code da? File = open(*contacts.cay", "a") ane = input "Please enter haze: *) Fino = anput ("Please enter phone munber: ") ata = (Hane, Pano} covwriuer = cev.writer File) comeiter.welterow (dats) Filecelesen 45, vinta code 1 open the fle gven abe pesous question and print tin th Name: ensme>” Phone =75) ; Eine (r(0),:(2)-¥12],sep="\") ] fome=t i except | break print ("\n Total no. of students whe have scored more than 798 mike:", mim) fepjietose() countkee 0 eS TE 1. whats the diference between’ and'¥ modes? | 2. Whats the sgnfeane of fle object? . 2: ow ae open() and cls) function diferent other than thelfanctianaty of opening anon ies? © scanned with OKEN Scanner CASE-BASED/SOURCE-BASED INTEGRATED QUESTIONS 1 Sengeeta sa Python programmer woking na compuerhardvare company. he hast maintain the reccds ‘the perpherat devices. she created C5 le, eiphra sy, to stare dlls The stare of Penske vis IP P_name, Price), where is Peripher device ID integer), P-name's Peripher dase ne (sting) and rice is Peripheral device pice (tees (Cost 209) Sangeeta want 0 write the following ver defied unetons + Aad Device): To accept a record trom the wt nd at to CSV hl Perpherales + Count.Device (): To count and display the nurber of peripheral devices whose pice Iles than 200, Ans inpuct caw et Ada ovicw ( cavfile -open (*Peripherat.esv*, owritersesv writer (covfite) P id-int (Seput ("Input Peripheral device 1D;*)) Fnamo= input ("Input Peripheral device nane:*) P Pricesint (input (*raput Peripheral device pric sevdatan(P_1d, name, P Price) euriter.writerow devéata) esvfile-close() det Count evice(): cevTiLevopen ("Peripheral .esv creader-csv. reader (esvfile) for rec in ereade Af int (rec(2}) < 1000: cred print ("Devices with price lose than 200 cevfile.close() 2. Genesis nfotechplans to develop a computer stem for payroll procesing of allits employees for string ‘lary details and furnishing celevant ans requ asin terms of total contribution towards ts employes Develop a Python program which stores datain ‘employees, ealelates and dplay total salary renites tits employees and displays the number of employees who ae draving 2 salary of more than S000 ith open ("employees cov") as esvfile: jer = cav.reader (cevfule, deLimiter=",*) “ ot ne print oc{O},"\t\e", eect] “V0 Sunt=int (e6e121) HE Cant (200 [2111 2500 0c [2)) print ("Sum of Salary of alt employ print (Em Salary>s000:", count) es", sum joyee Gettin AOA 02018 10009 © scanned with OKEN Scanner lmport piekte Aseatemont 1 ‘tet update rect rece( {dnmopen (myrize.dat*,*rh) Fout=open (" ) AStatenont 2 found=Falze ‘ident Canput while True rece Astatenent 3 ator employee 10 to update salary : *)) if secT"enpld"joveia: Foundeteve rec{*aalary"Inint (inpot "Enter new salary : “)) q pickle statement 4 suse: ickle.dunp (ec, foot) break 16 founde=teve DEINE ("The salary of employee 10 *,eid,* haa been updated.) else: | Eint ("No employee with such 10 is found") | Einelose() Fovt close) ‘as, sport pickle ‘statement 1 of vpaate 2600) seer) Finmopen ("hyeite dat", "2b fouteopen("temp.dat™,“wb") tstacenent 2 toundePalse nay Ak Tet este intomatin n the ASC or koe formance, Seasoning (Rk: In a txt fe, theres no ctnite essing, 38, Assertion (AA binary fe sores dt inthe sa i Wa 381s stored in he memeey. Searoning 5: Binary fein Python des not have ne debe BO 2 way ae et ne 20 SIN 2 New Heron Academy ha ven Rs ident a taht ate a {rads es trom tet He ‘Newsletter TT and lon oe examination eam hastens by atthe code wil rn to fn the method, FterWore 1 words WA ae In the salem lanis in Beween the ease ns re enae ‘e108 10H Read the even Shon cae fa wns bef Palteswords ( thleropen 7 _") tStateément=t 5 for Cin statement a Se ee eh (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner import cov fout = open "watch-cav", 'a"yaewbine: We cov.writer (foxt) Howeaterows () fout.close print ("Records suceo! Gee betete 0) clock found Lnport cov tin open(*wateh.cav', tr) R~ cav. reader (£50) > 1ist(R) f5n.close() for sin folly caved") nput ("Enter Clock 1D to be renoved =") Print ("Record to be removed is:*) print (a) Leronove(s) break it founde-False: Print ("Record not found") else: Zout = open (*watch.cev', 'w" newline W= cav.writer (fou) Woweseerowe tt) four-close() print "Record Successfully Removed") nite teve Print ("1, Add Clock betadie") print ("2. Reaove Clock Details") Print "3. exit") ch int Cinput ("enter your choke (2-31= Sf cheei: Insert) elif chen? Delete() elif chew: print ("Thanks for using this progran") break ele print (*Incoreect Choice. Please re-enter") MLS GLO LE OLS and Ressoning. Each question has four choles {0 (0, i), (only one of whichis correct. inthe ight ofthese statements choote the mart appropriate optic, (0) Both Aad ave tue and Ris the correct explanation ofA (i) Both A a Rare tae But Rs not the comet explanation ofA (i) Ais ue bat is se {iv) As fae but Ris tue. © scanned with OKEN Scanner WH Amport ptedte 11 open Comp atten '£Cotx}>=25000 and otnt=30000) hat 9) Hotosen 8 a with statement ‘Am with atementensires that aleve ‘we stop aig the fe tne ane ith statement 55. A nay he, He objects et destocatedsunaically once ‘exceptions abo, we ave not eauted to dove the he ep sree "TRAN has he slowing site Uno, mame Tee | TNO~ Tain umber NAME — Tel Nan TVPE~ Tain Type pecans tt detned func, tndtype (type), ha aces type as prameter aed diply a he ‘ecords om the binary fle TRAN da tat have the value o Tria Type aso, Ans. det Cindtype (eyo) 1 open (mana .aat®, be) uy wot ‘data = piokie, toad (1) SE datat2} == ttype clot ("Train mamer :%, datatoy ) Print ("Train Mame :%, data() print (*reain Type :*, datal2} ) fecloset 56, write menu-diven programinPiton hat defines and als he folowing functions: Insert: Yo accept detalls of clack om the wser and stor contains folowing fields ~ loch, ClctName,YearatMan, ee ‘stores them in the fein one go Delete): To accept Cloci and remove the record with, 8V ile “watches. Each record of clock 8 Function takes deta ofa elacks and ven Clock ram the fe watch loco is fore removing the recor, shoul print the record ‘Ans. def Insect (): teil vse True: ClockIO = input Center Clock 1D ==) Clochnasa = snp ("Eater Clock Name = *) Yearothant ~ bot (input ("Enter Year of Manufacture = *)) (renter Price = ")) i As (Clock, Cloctiane, Yeatothant, price append tt) price = oat (i more records (¥/1)=") break QUAD v0 0009 = © scanned with OKEN Scanner (0) ¥ 10 create a CSV Fite by writing all Lines in one yes det createcsv2() 4 open csv Fite Covtite = open * student .cav", # CSV Object for writing Covob} seav writer (Cavetle) Lines = 1) white True! no = int (Lnpot (*Rn0:") ) Name * input (*Hame:*) Marks = float (input ("Karka") hhines.append({Rno, Name, ark) Ch = Input (Hore (4m) 2") if Gh oe we break ¥ Weiting 11 Lines in csv file Ccsvobj.writerows (ines) Covflle.close () # closing @ csv File (4 # to read and show the content of 9 CV File 06 showall 4 opening CSV File for reading Ceveile ~ open(*student.cav', 'e*, newlines!*) # Reading the CSV content in object Cavobj * cav-reador(Cavfsto) For Line in Cevobj: Extracting Line by Line content print (line) covesie.close() # closing « av File print ("CSV File Handling®) while Teve: option = anput Sf option == "1": Ceoatecsvi 0) e1it option == "2" Cewatecsv2() \Createcsv 2:CreatocevAll J:thowe 00 elf option == "a" Shown 0 break (0 ite prowram that ead binary fe ‘en ad pay al he record of ernpoyees (0) cg the records al he employees Who ave ekg salves betwee 25000. na 0 import picble “ £1 = open Comp dat, 4b) © plebte. toad (ty prints N.closet w by one, | : | (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 4% Hela a yt ste etn we st bir Me unt he 1 nue Mee, ne wa Aa HL = md wet dat, ab) esses‘ The tration whe true! ‘yn stots dents 1") yoo Caw Lap (kat Came") men chawn otnt (igo MEMEE Gong wae Cda6ms) ewe LM ie Hew vy 1 yet Aly og Hawt Thaw net ae, easel 1 Chas0 PHeK Le sawp tiec, A) eee awn ty Hetewwe a 12 ying» program to create C3V He “user co? which wil contain wername snd ssw For sone enties He has wen the following code, As a programmer, help hin to succesatlly ferecte the pve tah [USE Sample Cveston Paper 2020-23), Fine ond): Htowrlte / add data into uw c5Y £6 Hunersesyt,! oy Whine? how Loli tar = sy. writer tt) et lowP Lele LLex wr iterov( sesame, Passtord]) fclowe() fowy Cle reading code £ keaduavPl tet): 4H to v6ad data from C8V Cite With open Cuser env", 14°) ap newPLte uPLle) # Line 3 Wileteader = csv, prtat (rom) 10411) howl ile Hine 4 Aaco¥es Le (Arjun, 1210436") addCov¥s te (*Arunina”, “arutnina”) addCovPb Le ("Fr tea "myname tH") reaacavPi tet) F bine 10) Name the mle We should port tne (in whieh mate should Kao open the ile to add data nto the fe? ii) F100 he bla tne $1. he data fom a C3 fe, {iv} it he blank inte acne thee, (4) Yate the cup he eal obtan while exectig Une 5 hos jew (0) Liner i a (iH) Lined) render ~ Ww) Lined closet (a) Ar june 12 0045 Aronia or udnin Feieda myname! (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 1 tetas th Nowacerer nett pen ‘ans. det progran_radom 0 Pe opentemerge txt, "2) printtt-tel10) fo seck (4,0) eine (£4000 (5)) f seek (10, 0) print (F.tell 0) print (f-read(10)) progean_ sna) 29. ere tendo pusion the le phere the being fe fie Wie yen saemen for ‘same, assuming 'F is the fileobject. ee ee! ns Feveekio) | 40, nicht he fowing le modes wlth exiting eta of ent elt 1, ab, w, web, ab, wb, wh+, we, r+ ‘ Ans. nf medes 2, band, the exiting ato the wl not eet Whats 9 Ve? Ans, CV Comm Sparated Valu singe le format sed tre tab umber ane sucht 2 ioeadiee or dntabose panto 42 at are the anges of 65 fle oma? Ans. The lowing the advantages fC le forma: (a) tesa simple, compact and ust forma or dts storage (3) iia common format for deta tentang []Itcanbe opened in popiarsprentbe! packages ie MS Exe, et (6) Near aspesdsheets and databases upper more CY tak . 43. Differentiate between a text file, a binary file and a CSV file. i pm i Toate nay erie . 1] capable of fading Ri paleo anng ae] Rar vey eommon Tomek and] tential ata ex plc independent. i 7 [consis ofssererofines|[Remsssofctawiowecic| ens of phintea wana Ta] | ‘of a set of letters, numbers | pattern without any delimiter. | data with a delimiter. { or symbols (steing). | 5 [aot iene [to see powans nea be ea ing ed es We] | Cantevied toread data, ued to read dst, Pyton| Notepad andspreneseet swore, |_| provides functions to read data. q «iver te es wih EOE| Theres no spel OLR embatesanw anonatcahy when chore saves the delete isnot sed ae et, 44. betine fonction veplace a paces to er with (Gah i son cut vep,provianth r ata = fleveed() data.replace(? *,*=") with open (*merge.txt™, "WP a8 £1 | | i © scanned with OKEN Scanner program) 34, Write a function a Prthon to count the umber of ines which are starting withthe aiphabet An tot file ‘STORY. (CESE Sample Paper 2019-20) ‘Ans. def COUNTLINES (): fle-open(*sToRY txt! "c1) Lines = ¢ile.readi ines!) count=0 for w in Lines: ifwio} AY or widl==tat: Print ("Total lines:*, count) tie-clesety 35. Wire @ method/tuntion, DISELAYHORDS (, In Python to read lines from tert fie “POEM tat and splay those wards which are ss than 4 characters ‘Ans. Gof DISPLAYWOROS(): co fLLewopen (POEM. TAT,r*) Line = file.read() word = line.split() for w in word: if Lentw=10" and student fi}er"9rs ste_roll_no= str roll_no + student (1) ea 4#Str object converted into integer type 3_rollno = int (atx, roll_no) Checks if the entared roll number matches with file data Af rell_no == @_rollne: print ("student found: ", student, end="") lag = true break Af fag == Fal Print ("Record not found.") else: print ("File does not exist") Get get_nena() tprint menu choice = int (Input ("Select a choice (1-4) :")) return choice def maint) main Hen = Student Menu 1) Add new student record 2) Display student details 3) Search student. 4) Save and quit '** choice = get_neau() while choice !=4: sf chotce == 1 student._record(t¢1ename} elit choice == 2: student _readdata (€4Lenane) elit choice == 3 sturdent_search (€Lename) print ("Invalid ehotee, try again") choice = get_mena() Af names" © scanned with OKEN Scanner i ent roll_no, name and address, using the functions given below: i 1 suerte se cs ‘student seachenane|—Searha student on the basi fol no 9 add nore records: ? s4) med gad mode © Scanned with OKEN Scanner {case 2014) "SOOO" betore execution, what wil be te cones of the fle after execton of ies would you need ta manare the fl 1 Yo proces fou fs sequenaby ee rn © scanned with OKEN Scanner rmodsle eadrec=1 Feadreemreadrees] except EOFError: ropram oily al the ecard ns le slong with lne/record number. ‘ns. £ = open (*result.dat™, *") count, ree) tho suppress extra nowline by print ine readable format and to aecess the ton. Python has ast of modules at some destination which we can cl Back t 3 Is used forimplementing binary He structure, ing binary Hes, respectively functions to read He, 02818 tog o—@ a texte wrebnes) © scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned with OKEN Scanner Me MYMOTES 1 and to dspay tore Fines which start the sk ofthe binary file named ‘employee name, base salary and sr oes 0-2-4906) 18, Wat he dfnition of method MSEARCHSTATES) with he alphabet 'M, For example: © scanned with OKEN Scanner ‘Output: The line count sould be 2. names and copies ll aes that do no tart with ‘gh Kimnopgrstuvwxyet hore more Lines ¥/¥) :") (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner He ater temowng leading an ating whtespces. on tht sep aatly counts and dsplas the numberof upper an (cast 2026) (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner let open le named test er reaing whichis stored ct vil ob nn made re" at. Conder the following code ig rector are the same. What wil be the absolute hoo Sports/Acevements pg hoo amination Achievements og (faa ont mode (W Reas.wite mode the rng. For example, Unica text) © scanned with OKEN Scanner 4 me yt yi ae ‘oh osm Oe 0 mt 0h si) 9 wor 1 ny pig 494M oo 7 te Reset 1h Maron Word) Wh EW) Senge ne so et pm a dg an i 8 on 9 a owt tates As OH Med 0 few nn Carian 1) comme tae 9) sh Space WF pen ang say ie ie, Ve oe hare, WA A NR mse ina wie 1H) Rentine ener © scanned with OKEN Scanner In both append modo vead mde and he fle onthe sak, inthe oder. otherwise, Python wire FeNotound it fle mode write mote ring len append mode erates the previous ta Imported into the program for reaing 2 CSV le be performed on fle depends upon thefie mode In whichis opened () The cet argument to see) methad indicates the umber of bytes tobe moved. (0) Ifthe ot val is et to 2, the begonng ofthe le would he taken as eck position, (i) append {ry Nonecttnese bet, which method the best for eading the wate feito (0) read (0) vend) (1 eeasines7 {6 Consider he folowing Python (c0se 2028) F. seek (0, 21 (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned with OKEN Scanner ~ 1 en ts beh ts ve on ae ag dees adh, pe ee 1 ess edn wT He ary (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner Contents mares etd errr fia] Hy aed (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner re fe nvand mode. Te fe Obet named € The Mleaheee ls | above code we first open he OY Ihe ovens) O)6 a ev reader() The eaderablect | converted a conreade one cove Now, we iterate through all herows usingafirlonps | ised tread res a ro nothing But a is contig al he ld When we try to print each row, one can find th af aoe thus, all the records are displayed as lists separated by Comma, tn the net implementation, we will count the numberof records present inside the studenten fle. Practical Implementztion-27 inte a program to read the contents of stdent.sv fle using with pen() method : eet | : Ceoarareaee ee J Te above modified code uses with opent function, the only difference being thatthe ile being openest ‘sing wit open() gets automatically closed after the program execution gets over unlike open() where we need to give close() statement explicit Practical Implementation-1 Wire a program to count the number of records present in student.csv file, \Wrythce program to count Ue number of Fecords prevent in Vatudeat cay" File sport ery (repent ataaent cv", eadar = env teadei(€) #oav readers the cev reader object. Son we | ft elena() Mapiioitiy closing the thie ~— Qin ern (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner (in) Ck Save bat (WW) Nest step isto open the Notepad and open student.cav ile that contains equivalent data for ‘student alsin comma separated values. students In studentcsv (notepad) fle, the first line i the header and remaining lines are the data/records. “The fields are separated by comma, oF we may say the separator character. In general, the separator ‘character Is called a delimiter, and the comma is not the only one used. Other popular delimiters Include the tab (\t), colon ()) and semi-colon (;) characters Practical implementation-26 (Write a program to read the contents of student.csv file (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner COV es are commonly sued tease (ey 3° 8910 ad and manag, small fn tad as process/nfer Reco ofthese sant ares they ar fequent ued stat epleong, ee epanes ton sins ccoamere exe © aol er Trace crconmmarcsputernstnown ors pyar CEM anna ‘example Thus, ina mutshell, the several advantages that are offered by CSV files are as flows: CSV sus ike a text le and is faster to ar CSViesmaller in size CSV is easy to generate and import to a spreadsheet or database, (CSV ishuman-ceadable and easy ce et manually, CSV s simple to implement and parse. essed by almost all exis 1 pplications. er understanding the concept and importance of using CSV files, we will now discuss the read and te operations on CSV files. #14 CSV FILE HANDLING IN PYTHON For working with CSV files in Python, thee san inbuilt module called csv. It is use to read and write ‘obular data in CSV format. Therefore, to perform read and write operations with CSV ile, we must import esv medule. ‘sw module can handle CSV files correctly regardless of the operating system on which the fles were created. ‘Along with this module, epen() function is wsed to open a CSV file and return file abject. We load the ‘module in the usual way using import: >>> import csv uke other files (text and binary) in Python, there are two basic operations that canbe carried out on, csv fle: 1. Reading from a CSV file 2 Wilting to a CSV fle Letus discuss these CSV operations. 4.14.1 Reading from a CSV File ‘Reading from a CSV file is done using the reader object. The CSV filets opened as. text Ale with ‘Python's built-in opens) function, which returns afl object. This creaies a specal type of object tw access the CSV file (reader objec) using the reader() function, ‘The reader object Is an iterable that gives us access to each line of the CSV file as ist of Meld. ‘We cam also use next() directly on it to read the next line of te CSV fil, or we ean teat i ike a {ist mn a for loop to vead all the lines ofthe file (as lists ofthe file’ S “This shown in Practical implementation-26. (0, Before this, enter the student details in spreadsheet and select File > Save As option {Gi) Type the name of the file as stent and select CSV (comma delimited) (CSV) format from Save AS type option. a ie (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner © scanned with OKEN Scanner tel0. © scanned with OKEN Scanner 4.12 INTRODUCTION TO CSV \c today’ organizational woking environment, data sharing son ofthe major tasks tobe carried sadsheets or databases, Fig 49° Stage Format @—+___— oe (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner which ignfes seek sreative ion. and 2, which means seeks relative tothe end of le There iso Relative referencing/posiioning has two arguments, offset and the position from which it has to craven ‘he symtax for relative reerencingis: suk (ott 20.1) from current postion moves 20 bytes backward {e¢k(100) fom beginning of file moves 10 bytes forwant {eti()—tel() returns the current poston ofthe fe read/write punter with the fle. tf we have ‘moved ourile pointer through sek() tl) is used tel the position where le pointer iscurety point oe can sen Qe (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner ‘iC i © scanned with OKEN Scanner é a anne ne snnnniinenes eae (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Practical implementation-23 ‘Program to search a record from the binary fle student.dat on the bass of roll number. nc the rad own the le pointers mere he begin othe le sing see) statement and then be hanged name writen thee andthe eer er an ate. apeh( meted se We wil be learning mre abou it ithe nex section ii © scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner eat eter ace ate © scanned with OKEN Scanner Ale bin Me.dat. bet from pickled fle sto be cased using import >>> oud = os .getend() >>> print (cw) Files are always stored in the current folder/direcory by default. The os (Operating System) ‘module of Python provides various methods to work with file and folder/directories. For using these functions, we have to Import os module in our program. cowd stands for current working directory A string lke cwd that identifies a file is called a path, A relative path stars from the current directory, whereas an absolute path starts from the topmost directory inthe ile system. For example, the tet fil we have crested inthe previous programs was opened through the absolute path (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner ele | With the Rep of lowe chart, we can tore data inside a Mle using a spec wed repent he string of nl carl | Practica Implementation-14 vod code a program that asks the user to input their name along with age and store the as o/s A/neponta/tocss/trogtam/Python/Fytondia/e | + © scanned with OKEN Scanner he close method wl ot eased. 4 TAPPENDING TO FILE Append means to add to sol we want t add more data toa ile whic already has some dat in "te wall be appending data In sucha case, use the access mode ‘a which means “Open for writing, and ifit exists, then append data to the end of the file: 1m Python, we can use thes’ mode to open an output ie in append made. This means that: > Ifthe file aeady exists, it will not be erase. > Ifthe le does not exist, wil be created. > When datas written to the ile, it wil be writen atthe end ofthe e's current contents Syntax: = open (,"8") Here, ‘a stands for append mode, which allows to add data tothe end of existing data instead of overwriting inte file. For example, >>> = open("testl.txt*, "at Practical Implementation-13, Program to add data to an existing file. ((Freopean to aad outa to existing ata ie Ghe Alle open (*tast.txt*, 1") fopentag £836 $0 append mode Eretivelsinpie syntax ot the Tangeage Ecreitg (mater ython pomane ey to feud and write) Paisteo ‘output: oo} (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner cist) method in al the programs to las the ae we cept using lse(), there fsamaltersative moet which canbe weed in the programe, Will statement which we wl JSG NOH en()fanctlon for ereaton of fe, with tatement can also be used forthe same ] ‘statement to group fle operation statements within black to make the r= readable. This method is quite handy when we have two related 1 would ike # execute ae 3 pair wth blocks of codes in between. Practical Implementation-12 Program to lustrate with statement, =e ee (Soperenitea’, SY soecseatcrytnen Eestecheegee irate worn en \) sits hie ceed Settee | Output: eae a Ze file closed now: True Contents of text fle test txt “has the advantages of wing wth statement ae t ithandis al the exception occuring before the en ofthe loc (which generally ae: Eni of the fie ror and stack undertow), i 2. ttavtmstically cose the fle and releases the resources allocated tothe file ‘Therefore, based on the concepts learnt sofa, certain important points shout be kept ip mind vile working with fs in Python. ——— ea (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner The content ofthe Me al) Homies ts omen 34 om Ete nombre ap 1m the above program ‘+! ope type conversion trom ai 2. writetines(): For writing string at atime, we use write) method, ean he used fr iting a Tis. tuple. et. into he Sequence datatype such a Hs, ple, ee, Including multiple strings be wit we tine sng weitelines() method in the ent file The sym for weritetines() So, whenever we have to writea sequence of string/daa type, we must use wetelines() instead ‘of write). writelines) metho accepts any type of sequence as an argument Practical Implementation: 11 Program to add ist stems toa ie using wetteines() method, Lise sUccoopucer acience\ne, "Phyetoe\n®, “chembatey\ne, “Matne") | ecersteninen ise) [bHIne (cuit oe tines write to the tite successtuliy") output: Jeune oe Ttses weit Contents of text fle test4axt the fl, the cursor always tarts from the beginning of the fle ‘Aiso to be noted hore is that writelines) method does not add any EOL character to the end of sates Nabe doi ourselves. So, toresolve this problem, we have wsed“\n’ new line character the program) after the end of each Us tem or string, ARON 2 1 909 ———__ a s ‘ (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Inthe above example, ater he program gets executed! andthe data (both string as wellas mere) {sets written tthe ile the blinking cursor inthe Python shell indcates that the data has been successfully writen ont the file newtest xt ‘CTW: While witing data to a fg alg UNE MARCO nethod| we nl Be INE new ti | ‘eed, otherwise the ene data sale wien na snl ie Example 6 ‘To perform addition of two numbers infil = | | Exeiee an) evita na) fette(aan) Pile sc: \oners\Ueer4\appoata\ocal\Propeams\Python\nytnenati\ython 8.px", Line 5, ‘eerie (numa) lpvpateror write!) argument must be at, 1 above code will generate an error and no values are written tothe fle. This is because writing ‘pumbersisnotpermittedtoatflle thusitisrequted tobe converted intoastringirt. ‘To perform addition of two numbers using file (Moification of Frample 6). [reopen (stnes ote, '') i Joanne gat (rater the first womber)} eee se logue enter the second mber:")) ‘saminnumt oom | | Eeritar'\n meer 1 Eivektet\n momber 2 : [ecerteat\e fon ot tw sme (num) im) state (wumi)) floes) i *) e tnt set 90 (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner © Scanned with OKEN Scanner Practical implementation-& Wiite a funtion tst() to rea a tet fe alpha txt and display those tines which begin with the word "You" ne TT faa celeste | i eee eee | emesis a (- nestants c:/0seea/8@/Agpoeta/ fEvours tare"s “working’r with exe’, “¢hle') eeniay 2 Syenon'T 4.6 WRITING TO FILE ‘We can write character data into file in Python by using the following two file object methoxis: 1. write(string) 2. writelines(sequence of lines) 1 write(string); write(string) method takes a. string {as parameter) and writes i in the text ile ina single line For storing data with end of line character, we will have to add “Ww character to the end ofthe string. Notice the ‘addition of "a atthe end of every sentence while talking of data.t('\n Is treated as special characters of2 bytes). ‘As argument to the function has to be string, fr storing numeric value, we have to convert itt string. (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Contents of words.xt | | | ras te | PS a se letcoe naemn st seent Practica implementation 7 Program with user defined function vowel count) tht conte snd deplay the numberof viele An the text file poem.ext. em meni cntacaoncpi mH a7 ot vowel_count() eine (tho ot vows! yeoune) felosen) \vowe)_count 0 = . weno ane Sa, | SS ee SS ~ [accor warn eso ) ee (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner Program to display the contents of the file starting from 3% character into the list. | ferogram to read data from =i Practical Implementation-6 Program with user defined function ¢_words() that separately counts and displays the number of uppercase and lowercase alphabets in a text ile words.txt. amino amanactor me a IP esegram wits seer defined Function © pening nT SaSEaLy Sot . | aoa aieplays the number of Uppercase and lovercase siphabets fia texe fits words. exe |det words: pM te semen) | 2 ehetamigha() ond cheisiower(): lewd Ane (rus of pean pelne (rns ot towercace Iettersle) le wards (0 aL a © scanned with OKEN Scanner Tie, second call return the nent Hine, and 0 vena rom where reding/ ering of dts should happen w/e new ine character) The new ine character When end af les reached, reading) ye returned and stared using vrabe as shown below « ation For reading an entire ile using readline), we wil have to lop over the file obec. This is & Yin, simple a fst way of rea the le, Hk a dat ine byline wing readin() method wtp J (0): readines() faneion can b nt all the lines presenti the file. 1 will start reading the data line-wise from tne ing ofthe file and shal ply the contents ofthe etl the end of ile character st read the extre content ofthe ile This method 10 the siz of memory required before sing fh separated by new line character! 9 a © scanned with OKEN Scanner %) readin) To ead {6 darter neon nr oth cr te ee a ead un te end of ele As he es missing has negate , (av then he eee eat tow ie readline: To read ont reat NON ine fom the le; starts reading tom the crs wp a {neluding. the end of ine character “a 4) readtines(): To rad al ines from the fein st stars reading from the cursor wp the nd ofthe le and returns a of sengs, separated by new ine character \ ‘ws understand these methods withthe help of suitable examples using a text file Test 1) read) /read( ste) read) function without sn argument canbe wed to read entire data wile ‘ead{sie) can be used to read specificste string from 3 file This function aso rears 2 ‘string ead trom the le. A the end of he fl, again an empty string wil be returned ‘The syntax of ead) function i: £ileobject.reaa) oF fileobject..read((sizel) Here, size specifies the numberof bytes tobe ed from tefl So the function may be ese 12 read a specific numberof character from thee the ale of sei not provided ora negate le specified a ine, then the entire willbe read One must tae care ofthe memory 86 amlale before readig the entre content rm the le Practical implementaton-1 “Toltustrate read uncon by reading the ete data from a fe (test a ° a. (© Scanned with OKEN Scanner 1en() meth sal be define Let us assume thatthe ext ies resent in the dv, Then the Note: Atle always pts opened in ead mode and as tet fe Let ws discuss these properties of File Object File object my reated, we can retrieve val ‘that le using associated propert 1. name: Name ofthe opened Me sod: Mode in which the ile gets opened ek closed or nat oft Windows 05 3. closed: returns Boolean value, which indicates whether le (Mir by dau) 4.5 READING FROM A FILE Fython provides various methods asiocated with ie objet for reading data fom ale, We can le by ving the following read methods hele sats reading hom the cursor (inthe begining ea: Tovead the entre data the fe) up tthe end ofthe Me ene Creating Bie > Traversingaf for slaying data on screen > Appending data ina fle > Inserting data inafle > Deleting data froma fle > Creating a copy fle > Updating data ina fle su his chapter, we shall be resting outst three major Me operations, vz reading, writ Hi pening co the file Resto the operations are beynd the scope oe syabue, Se —Q-* amt Scene wn htt © scanned with OKEN Scanner Oli Data File Handling 4.1 INTRODUCTION © scanned with OKEN Scanner

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