Introduction to Machine Learning - Class Notes
What is Machine Learning?
Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence that provides systems the ability to automatically
learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. It involves algorithms that can
identify patterns and make decisions with minimal human intervention.
Types of Machine Learning
- Supervised Learning: The algorithm is trained on labeled data.
- Unsupervised Learning: The algorithm finds patterns in unlabeled data.
- Semi-supervised Learning: A mix of labeled and unlabeled data.
- Reinforcement Learning: Algorithms learn optimal actions through trial and error.
Common Algorithms
- Linear Regression: Predicts a continuous value.
- Logistic Regression: For binary classification problems.
- Decision Trees: Tree-like model for decisions.
- Support Vector Machines (SVM): Separates classes with a margin.
- k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN): Classifies based on proximity to neighbors.
- k-Means Clustering: An unsupervised technique to group similar data.
Real-world Applications
- Email filtering (spam detection)
- Image and speech recognition
- Recommender systems (e.g., Netflix, Amazon)
- Fraud detection
- Medical diagnosis
- Predictive maintenance in industry
Conclusion
Machine Learning is revolutionizing industries across the world. Understanding its types, algorithms, and
Introduction to Machine Learning - Class Notes
applications is essential for students, engineers, and researchers in the modern technological landscape.