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Design and Analysis of Algorithms Introduction

The document discusses the importance of algorithms in efficiently solving problems in programming, highlighting various types of algorithms such as Brute Force, Divide and Conquer, Greedy, Dynamic Programming, and Backtracking. Each type is briefly described with examples and their use cases. Understanding these algorithms aids in selecting the best approach for problem-solving in terms of time and space efficiency.

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6 views1 page

Design and Analysis of Algorithms Introduction

The document discusses the importance of algorithms in efficiently solving problems in programming, highlighting various types of algorithms such as Brute Force, Divide and Conquer, Greedy, Dynamic Programming, and Backtracking. Each type is briefly described with examples and their use cases. Understanding these algorithms aids in selecting the best approach for problem-solving in terms of time and space efficiency.

Uploaded by

anushakoppula254
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Design and Analysis of Algorithms

Why We Study Algorithms


"Every program you write solves a problem. But how efficiently you solve it — that’s where
algorithms come in. DAA helps us choose the best way to solve problems in terms of time
and space."
examples:
Searching a contact in your phone (Linear vs Binary Search)
Sorting files by name or date (Bubble Sort vs Merge Sort)
Navigation apps (Dijkstra's Algorithm)
In Design and Analysis of Algorithms (DAA) , algorithms are broadly classified based on
their approach or technique used to solve problems.
main types of algorithms:
1. Brute Force Algorithm
Idea: Try all possible solutions and pick the best one.
Example: Linear Search, Bubble Sort
Use: Simple, but not efficient for large inputs.
2. Divide and Conquer
Idea: Divide the problem into sub-problems, solve them independently, and combine the
results.
Example: Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Binary Search
Efficiency: Often improves performance using recursion.
3. Greedy Algorithm
Idea: Take the best option at each step without thinking about the future.
Example: Kruskal’s and Prim’s Algorithms, Huffman Coding
Use: Works well for optimization problems.
4. Dynamic Programming (DP)
Idea: Solve complex problems by breaking them into overlapping subproblems and
storing results.
Example: Fibonacci series (DP version), Knapsack problem
Use: Saves time using memoization or tabulation .
5. Backtracking
Idea: Try a solution, and if it doesn’t work, go back and try a different one.
Example: N-Queens Problem, Sudoku Solver
Use: Solves constraint-based problems.

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