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Keyestudio IoT Smart Home Kit for

ESP32
Contents

1. Thonny Installation.........................................................2

1.1 Open the Thonny Package.......................................2

1.2 Thonny Interface.....................................................3

1.3 Select ESP32 Development Environment................4

1.4 Installing Firmware..................................................6

2. Projects........................................................................ 10

Project 1: Control LED..................................................10

Project 1.1 LED Flashing.........................................11

Project 1.2 Breathing LED.......................................14

Project 2: Table Lamp..................................................16

Project 2.1 Read the Button....................................17

Project 2.2. Table Lamp...........................................18

Project 3: PIR Motion Sensor........................................20

Project 3.1 Read the PIR Motion Sensor..................21

Project 3.2 PIR Motion Sensor.................................22

Project 4: Play Music....................................................23

Project 4.1 Play Happy Birthday..............................24

Project 5: Automatic Doors and Windows....................26

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Project 5.1 Control the Door....................................28

Project 5.2 Close the Window.................................29

Project 6: Atmosphere Lamp.......................................31

Project 6.1 Control SK6812.....................................32

Project 6.2 Button...................................................33

Project 7: Fan...............................................................35

Project 7.1 Control the Fan......................................37

Project 7.2 Switch On or Off the Fan.......................38

Project 8: LCD1602 Display.........................................39

Project 8.1 Display Characters................................40

Project 8.2 Dangerous Gas Alarm...........................43

Project 9: Temperature and Humidity Sensor..............44

Project 9.1 Temperature and Humidity Tester.........45

Project 10: RFID RC522 Module...................................46

Project 10.1 Open the Door....................................47

Project 11: Morse Code ...............................................50

Project 11.1 Morse Code Open the Door.................50

Project 12: WiFi............................................................53

Project 12.1 Smart Home........................................53

3. Resources.....................................................................55

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1. Thonny Installation

1.1 Open the Thonny Package

Please refer to the folder shown below:

1.2 Thonny Interface

Open the Thonny

Main interface functions:

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1.3 Select ESP32 Development Environment

Click Python.exe，then select Configure interpreter

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Select MicroPython(ESP32) from the Interpreter interface

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1.4 Installing Firmware

Download link：https://micropython.org/download/esp32/

Choose to download version V1.17

Of course, we also provide the downloaded firmware, as

shown below.

Burn microPython firmware

Connect the smart home to your computer with a USB.

Click Install or update firmware

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Select Port

Click Browser to find the the downloaded version V1.17

firmware

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Click install

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Choose Port or WebREPL as the driver of ESP32 mainboard

CH340(COM)

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The ESP32 environment has been installed.

Thonny interface

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2. Projects

Please refer to the file below：

Project 1: Control LED

we will first learn how to control LED.

1. Working Principle

LED is also the light-emitting diode, which can be made

into an electronic module. It will shine if we control pins to

output high level, otherwise it will be off.

2. Parameters

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Working voltage DC 3~5V

Working current <20mA

Power 0.1W

3. Control Pin

Yellow LED 12

Project 1.1 LED Flashing

1. Description

We can make the LED pin output high level and low level

to make the LED flash.

2. Test Code
from machine import Pin
import time

led = Pin(12, Pin.OUT)# Build an LED object, connect the external LED light to pin 0,
and set pin 0 to output mode
while True:
led.value(1)# turn on led
time.sleep(1)# delay 1s
led.value(0)# turn off led
time.sleep(1)# delay 1s

（1）Open the sample code

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（2）Operation and test result

Click the button

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We can see that the yellow LED is flashing .

Project 1.2 Breathing LED

1. Description

A“breathing LED”is a phenomenon where an LED's

brightness smoothly changes from dark to bright and back

to dark, continuing to do so and giving the illusion of an

LED“breathing. However, how to control LED’s brightness?

It makes sense to take advantage of PWM. Output the

number of high level and low level in unit time, the more

time the high level occupies, the larger the PWM value,

the brighter the LED.

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2. Test Code
import time
from machine import Pin,PWM

#The way that the ESP32 PWM pins output is different from traditionally controllers.
#It can change frequency and duty cycle by configuring PWM’s parameters at the
initialization stage.
#Define GPIO 0’s output frequency as 10000Hz and its duty cycle as 0, and assign
them to PWM.
pwm =PWM(Pin(12,Pin.OUT),10000,0)

try:
while True:
#The range of duty cycle is 0-1023, so we use the first for loop to control PWM to
change the duty
#cycle value,making PWM output 0% -100%; Use the second for loop to make PWM
output 100%-0%.
for i in range(0,1023):
pwm.duty(i)

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time.sleep_ms(1)

for i in range(0,1023):
pwm.duty(1023-i)
time.sleep_ms(1)
except:
#Each time PWM is used, the hardware Timer will be turned ON to cooperate it.
Therefore, after each use of PWM,
#deinit() needs to be called to turned OFF the timer. Otherwise, the PWM may fail to
work next time.
pwm.deinit()

3. Test Result

Click the button

The LED gradually gets dimmer then brighter, cyclically,

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like human breathe.

Project 2: Table Lamp

1. Description

The common table lamp uses LED lights and buttons,

which can control the light on and off pressing the button.

2. Button Principle

The button module is a digital sensor, which can only read

0 or 1. When the module is not pressed, it is in a high level

state, that is, 1, when pressed, it is a low level 0.

3. Pins of the Button

Button 1 16

Button 2 27

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Project 2.1 Read the Button

1. Description

We will work to read the status value of the button and

display it on the serial monitor, so as to see it intuitively.

2. Test Code
button1 = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
button2 = Pin(27, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

while True:
btnVal1 = button1.value() # Reads the value of button 1
btnVal2 = button2.value()
print("button1 =",btnVal1) #Print it out in the shell
print("button2 =",btnVal2)
time.sleep(0.1) #delay 0.1s

3. Test Result

Click the run button, then you can see the status values of

button1 and button 2 printed in shell. Click the button of

the smart home, and you can see the change of the status

values.

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Project 2.2. Table Lamp

1. Description

For common simple table lamp, click the button it will be

opened, click it again, the lamp will be closed.

2. Test Code

Calculate the clicked button times and take the remainder

of 2, you can get 0 or 1 two state values.

from machine import Pin

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import time

button1 = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

led = Pin(12, Pin.OUT)
count = 0

while True:
btnVal1 = button1.value() # Reads the value of button 1
#print("button1 =",btnVal1) #Print it out in the shell
if(btnVal1 == 0):
time.sleep(0.01)
while(btnVal1 == 0):
btnVal1 = button1.value()
if(btnVal1 == 1):
count = count + 1
print(count)
val = count % 2
if(val == 1):
led.value(1)
else:
led.value(0)
time.sleep(0.1) #delay 0.1s

3. Test Result

The shell will print out the clicked button times, then click

the button once, the LED will be on, click it again, it will be

off.

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Project 3: PIR Motion Sensor

1. Description

The PIR motion sensor has many application scenarios in

daily life, such as automatic induction lamp of stairs,

automatic induction faucet of washbasin, etc.

It is also a digital sensor like buttons, which has two state

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values 0 or 1. And it will be sensed when people are

moving.

2. Control Pin

PIR motion 14

sensor

Project 3.1 Read the PIR Motion Sensor

We will print out the value of the PIR motion sensor

through the serial monitor.

1. Test Code
from machine import Pin
import time

PIR = Pin(14, Pin.IN)

while True:
value = PIR.value()
print(value, end = " ")

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if value == 1:
print("Some body is in this area!")
else:
print("No one!")
time.sleep(0.1)

2. Test Result

When you stand still in front of the sensor, the reading

value is 0, move a little, it will change to 1.

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Project 3.2 PIR Motion Sensor

If someone moves in front of the sensor, the LED will light

up.

1. Test Code
from machine import Pin
import time

PIR = Pin(14, Pin.IN)

led = Pin(12, Pin.OUT)

while True:
value = PIR.value()
print(value)
if value == 1:
led.value(1)# turn on led
else:
led.value(0)
time.sleep(0.1)

2. Test Result

Move your hand in front of the sensor, the LED will turn

on. After a few seconds of immobility, the LED will turn off.

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Project 4: Play Music

1. Description

There is a audio power amplifier element in the car

expansion board, which is as an external amplification

equipment to play music.

In this project, we will work to play a piece of music by

using it.

2. Component Knowledge

Passive Buzzer: The audio power amplifier (like the

passive buzzer) does not have internal oscillation. When

controlling, we need to input square waves of different

frequencies to the positive pole of the component and

ground the negative pole to control the power amplifier to

chime sounds of different frequencies.

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3. Control Pin

Passive Buzzer 25

Project 4.1 Play Happy Birthday

1. Test Code
from machine import Pin, PWM
from time import sleep
buzzer = PWM(Pin(25))

buzzer.duty(1000)

# Happy birthday
buzzer.freq(294)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(440)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(392)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(532)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(494)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(392)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(440)
sleep(0.25)
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buzzer.freq(392)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(587)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(532)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(392)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(784)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(659)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(532)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(494)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(440)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(698)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(659)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(532)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(587)
sleep(0.25)
buzzer.freq(532)
sleep(0.5)
buzzer.duty(0)

2. Test Result

The passive buzzer will play happy Birthday.

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Project 5: Automatic Doors and Windows

1. Description

Automatic doors and windows need power device, which

will become more automatic with a 180 degree servo and

some sensors. Adding a raindrop sensor, you can achieve

the effect of closing windows automatically when

raining. If adding a RFID, we can realize the effect of

swiping to open the door and so on.

2. Component Knowledge

Servo: Servo is a position servo driver device consists of a

housing, a circuit board, a coreless motor, a gear and a

position detector.

Its working principle is that the servo receives the signal

sent by MCU or receiver and produces a reference signal

with a period of 20ms and width of 1.5ms, then compares

the acquired DC bias voltage to the voltage of the

potentiometer and obtain the voltage difference output.

The IC on the circuit board judges the direction of rotation,

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and then drives the coreless motor to start rotation. The

power is transmitted to the swing arm through the

reduction gear, and the signal is sent back by the position

detector to judge whether the positioning has been

reached, which is suitable for those control systems that

require constant angle change and can be maintained.

When the motor speed is constant, the potentiometer is

driven to rotate through the cascade reduction gear,

which leads that the voltage difference is 0, and the motor

stops rotating. Generally, the angle range of servo rotation

is 0° --180 °.

The pulse period of the control servo is 20ms, the pulse wi

dth is 0.5ms ~ 2.5ms, and the corresponding position is -9

0°~ +90°. Here is an example of a 180° servo:

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In general, servo has three lines in brown, red and orange.

The brown wire is grounded, the red one is a positive pole

line and the orange one is a signal line.

3. Pin

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The servo of the window 5

The servo of the door 13

Project 5.1 Control the Door

1. Test Code
from machine import Pin, PWM
import time
pwm = PWM(Pin(13))
pwm.freq(50)

'''
Duty cycle corresponding to the Angle
0°----2.5%----25
45°----5%----51.2
90°----7.5%----77
135°----10%----102.4
180°----12.5%----128
'''
angle_0 = 25
angle_90 = 77
angle_180 = 128

while True:
pwm.duty(angle_0)
time.sleep(1)
pwm.duty(angle_90)
time.sleep(1)
pwm.duty(angle_180)
time.sleep(1)

2. Test Result

The servo of the door turns with the door, back and forth
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Project 5.2 Close the Window

1. Description

We will work to use a servo and a raindrop sensor to make

an device closing windows automatically when raining.

2. Component Knowledge

Raindrop Sensor: This is an analog input module, the

greater the area covered by water on the detection

surface, the greater the value returned (range 0~4096).

3. Test Code
# Import Pin, ADC and DAC modules.
from machine import ADC,Pin,DAC,PWM
import time
pwm = PWM(Pin(5))
pwm.freq(50)

# Turn on and configure the ADC with the range of 0-3.3V

adc=ADC(Pin(34))
adc.atten(ADC.ATTN_11DB)
adc.width(ADC.WIDTH_12BIT)

# Read ADC value once every 0.1seconds, convert ADC value to DAC value and output it,
# and print these data to “Shell”.
try:
while True:
adcVal=adc.read()
dacVal=adcVal//16

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voltage = adcVal / 4095.0 * 3.3
print("ADC Val:",adcVal,"DACVal:",dacVal,"Voltage:",voltage,"V")
if(voltage > 0.6):
pwm.duty(46)
else:
pwm.duty(100)
time.sleep(0.1)
except:
pass

4. Test Result

At first, the window opens automatically, and when you

touch the raindrop sensor with your hand (which has

water on the skin), the window will close.

Project 6: Atmosphere Lamp

1. Description

The atmosphere lamp of smart home is 4 SK6812RGB

LEDs. RGB LED belongs to a simple luminous module,

which can adjust the color to bring out the lamp effect of

different colors. Furthermore, it can be widely used in

buildings, bridges, roads, gardens, courtyards, floors and

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other fields of decorative lighting and venue layout,

Christmas, Halloween, Valentine's Day, Easter, National

Day as well as other festivals during the atmosphere and

other scenes.

In this experiment, we will make various lighting effects.

2. Component Knowledge

From the schematic diagram, we can see that these four

RGB LEDs are all connected in series. In fact, no matter

how many they are, we can use a pin to control a RGB LED

and let it display any color. Each RGBLED is an

independent pixel, composed of R, G and B colors, which

can achieve 256 levels of brightness display and complete

the full true color display of 16777216 colors.

What’s more, the pixel point contains a data latch signal

shaping amplifier drive circuit and a signal shaping circuit,

which effectively ensures the color of the pixel point light is

highly consistent.

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3. Pin

SK6812 26

Project 6.1 Control SK6812

We will control SK6812 to display various lighting effects.

1. Test Code
#Import Pin, neopiexl and time modules.
from machine import Pin
import neopixel
import time

#Define the number of pin and LEDs connected to neopixel.

pin = Pin(26, Pin.OUT)
np = neopixel.NeoPixel(pin, 4)

#brightness :0-255
brightness=100

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colors=[[brightness,0,0], #red
[0,brightness,0], #green
[0,0,brightness], #blue
[brightness,brightness,brightness], #white
[0,0,0]] #close

#Nest two for loops to make the module repeatedly display five states of red, green, blue, white
and OFF.
while True:
for i in range(0,5):
for j in range(0,4):
np[j]=colors[i]
np.write()
time.sleep_ms(50)
time.sleep_ms(500)
time.sleep_ms(500)

2. Test Result

The atmosphere lamps of the smart home will display

red,greenish blue as well as white.

Project 6.2 Button

1. Description

There are two switch buttons to change the color of the

atmosphere lamp.

2. Test Code
#Import Pin, neopiexl and time modules.
from machine import Pin

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import neopixel
import time

button1 = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

button2 = Pin(27, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
count = 0

#Define the number of pin and LEDs connected to neopixel.

pin = Pin(26, Pin.OUT)
np = neopixel.NeoPixel(pin, 4)

#brightness :0-255
brightness=100
colors=[[0,0,0],
[brightness,0,0], #red
[0,brightness,0], #green
[0,0,brightness], #blue
[brightness,brightness,brightness] #white
] #close

def func_color(val):
for j in range(0,4):
np[j]=colors[val]
np.write()
time.sleep_ms(50)

#Nest two for loops to make the module repeatedly display five states of red, green, blue, white
and OFF.
while True:
btnVal1 = button1.value() # Reads the value of button 1
#print("button1 =",btnVal1) #Print it out in the shell
if(btnVal1 == 0):
time.sleep(0.01)
while(btnVal1 == 0):
btnVal1 = button1.value()
if(btnVal1 == 1):
count = count - 1
print(count)
if(count <= 0):
count = 0

btnVal2 = button2.value()
if(btnVal2 == 0):

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time.sleep(0.01)
while(btnVal2 == 0):
btnVal2 = button2.value()
if(btnVal2 == 1):
count = count + 1
print(count)
if(count >= 4):
count = 4

if(count == 0):
func_color(0)
elif(count == 1):
func_color(1)
elif(count == 2):
func_color(2)
elif(count == 3):
func_color(3)
elif(count == 4):
func_color(4)

3. Test Result

We can switch the color of the atmosphere lamp by

clicking buttons 1 and 2.

Project 7: Fan

1. Description

In this project, we will learn how to make a small fan.

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2. Component Knowledge

The small fan uses a 130 DC motor and safe fan

blades. You can use PWM output to control the fan speed.

3. Control Method

Two pins are required to control the motor of the fan, one

for INA and two for INB. The PWM value range is 0~255.

When the PWM output of the two pins is different, the fan

can rotate.

INA - INB <= -45 Rotate clockwise

INA - INB >= 45 Rotate anticlockwise

INA ==0, INB == 0 Stop

4. Control Pins

INA 19

INB 18

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Project 7.1 Control the Fan

We can control the anticlockwise and clockwise rotation

speed of the fan.

1. Test Code
from machine import Pin,PWM
import time
#Two pins of the motor
INA =PWM(Pin(19,Pin.OUT),10000,0)#INA corresponds to IN+
INB =PWM(Pin(18,Pin.OUT),10000,2)#INB corresponds to IN-

try:
while True:
#Counterclockwise 2s
INA.duty(0) #The range of duty cycle is 0-1023
INB.duty(700)
time.sleep(2)
#stop 1s
INA.duty(0)
INB.duty(0)
time.sleep(1)
#Turn clockwise for 2s
INA.duty(600)
INB.duty(0)
time.sleep(2)
#stop 1s
INA.duty(0)
INB.duty(0)
time.sleep(1)
except:
INA.duty(0)
INB.duty(0)

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INA.deinit()
INB.deinit()

2. Test Result

The fan will rotate clockwise and anticlockwise at different

speeds.

Project 7.2 Switch On or Off the Fan

One button switches the fan on and the other button

controls the speed of the fan.

1. Test Code
from machine import Pin,PWM
import time
#Two pins of the motor
INA =PWM(Pin(19,Pin.OUT),10000,0)#INA corresponds to IN+
INB =PWM(Pin(18,Pin.OUT),10000,2)#INB corresponds to IN-
button1 = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
count = 0

try:
while True:
btnVal1 = button1.value() # Reads the value of button 1
if(btnVal1 == 0):
time.sleep(0.01)
while(btnVal1 == 0):
btnVal1 = button1.value()
if(btnVal1 == 1):
count = count + 1
print(count)

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val = count % 2
if(val == 1):
INA.duty(0) #The range of duty cycle is 0-1023
INB.duty(700)
else:
INA.duty(0)
INB.duty(0)
except:
INA.duty(0)
INB.duty(0)
INA.deinit()
INB.deinit()

2. Test Result

Click button 1, the fan starts to rotate, click button 2, the

speed can be adjusted(there are three different speeds),

press the button 1 again, the fan stops.

Project 8: LCD1602 Display

1. Description

As we all know, screen is one of the best ways for people

to interact with electronic devices.

2. Component Knowledge

1602 is a line that can display 16 characters. There are

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two lines, which use IIC communication protocol.

3. Control Pins

SDA SDA

SCL SCL

Project 8.1 Display Characters

1. Description

We will use library file i2c_lcd.py and lcd_api.py, which

should be saved in the ESP32 memory.

2. Operations

Open the i2c_lcd.py and lcd_api.py

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Select File > save as > MicroPython device

The saved name id i2c_lcd.py and lcd_api.py

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3. Test Code
from time import sleep_ms, ticks_ms
from machine import I2C, Pin
from i2c_lcd import I2cLcd

DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR = 0x27

i2c = I2C(scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21), freq=400000)

lcd = I2cLcd(i2c, DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR, 2, 16)

lcd.move_to(1, 0)
lcd.putstr('Hello')
lcd.move_to(1, 1)
lcd.putstr('keyestudio')

# The following line of code should be tested

# using the REPL:

# 1. To print a string to the LCD:

# lcd.putstr('Hello world')
# 2. To clear the display:
#lcd.clear()
# 3. To control the cursor position:
# lcd.move_to(2, 1)
# 4. To show the cursor:
# lcd.show_cursor()
# 5. To hide the cursor:
#lcd.hide_cursor()
# 6. To set the cursor to blink:
#lcd.blink_cursor_on()
# 7. To stop the cursor on blinking:
#lcd.blink_cursor_off()
# 8. To hide the currently displayed character:
#lcd.display_off()
# 9. To show the currently hidden character:
#lcd.display_on()
# 10. To turn off the backlight:
#lcd.backlight_off()

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# 11. To turn ON the backlight:
#lcd.backlight_on()
# 12. To print a single character:
#lcd.putchar('x')
# 13. To print a custom character:
#happy_face = bytearray([0x00, 0x0A, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x00])
#lcd.custom_char(0, happy_face)
#lcd.putchar(chr(0))

4. Test Result

The first line of the LCD1602 shows hello and the second

line shows keyestudio.

Project 8.2 Dangerous Gas Alarm

1. Description

When a gas sensor detects a high concentration of

dangerous gas, the buzzer will sound an alarm and the

display will show dangerous.

2. Component Knowledge

MQ2 Smoke Sensor: It is a gas leak monitoring device

for homes and factories, which is suitable for liquefied gas,

benzene, alkyl, alcohol, hydrogen as well as smoke

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detection. Our sensor leads to digital pin D and analog

output pin A, which is connected to D as a digital sensor in

this project .

3. Control Pin

Gas Sensor 23

4. Test Code
from time import sleep_ms, ticks_ms
from machine import I2C, Pin
from i2c_lcd import I2cLcd

DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR = 0x27

i2c = I2C(scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21), freq=400000)

lcd = I2cLcd(i2c, DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR, 2, 16)

from machine import Pin

import time
gas = Pin(23, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

while True:
gasVal = gas.value() # Reads the value of button 1
print("gas =",gasVal) #Print it out in the shell
lcd.move_to(1, 1)
lcd.putstr('val: {}'.format(gasVal))

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if(gasVal == 1):
#lcd.clear()
lcd.move_to(1, 0)
lcd.putstr('Safety ')
else:
lcd.move_to(1, 0)
lcd.putstr('dangerous')
time.sleep(0.1) #delay 0.1s

5. Test Result

The screen displays "safety" in normal state. However,

when the gas sensor detects some dangerous gases, such

as carbon monoxide, at a certain concentration, the

buzzer will sound an alarm and the screen displays

"dangerous".

Project 9: Temperature and Humidity Sensor

1. Component Knowledge

Its communication mode is serial data and single bus. The

temperature measurement range is -20 ~ +60℃,

accuracy is ±2℃. However, the humidity range is 5 ~

95%RH, the accuracy is ±5%RH.

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2. Control Pin

Temperature and Humidity Sensor 17

Project 9.1 Temperature and Humidity Tester

1. Test Code
# Import machine, time and dht modules.
import machine
import time
import dht
from time import sleep_ms, ticks_ms
from machine import I2C, Pin
from i2c_lcd import I2cLcd

#Associate DHT11 with Pin(17).

DHT = dht.DHT11(machine.Pin(17))

DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR = 0x27

i2c = I2C(scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21), freq=400000)

lcd = I2cLcd(i2c, DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR, 2, 16)

while True:
DHT.measure() # Start DHT11 to measure data once.
# Call the built-in function of DHT to obtain temperature
# and humidity data and print them in “Shell”.
print('temperature:',DHT.temperature(),'℃','humidity:',DHT.humidity(),'%')
lcd.move_to(1, 0)
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lcd.putstr('T: {}'.format(DHT.temperature()))
lcd.move_to(1, 1)
lcd.putstr('H: {}'.format(DHT.humidity()))
time.sleep_ms(1000)

2. Test Result

The LCD1602 displays the temperature (T = ** ° C) and

humidity (H = ** %RH). When you breathe into the T/H

sensor, you can see that the humidity rises.

Project 10: RFID RC522 Module

1. Component Knowledge

Radio frequency identification, the card reader is

composed of a radio frequency module and a high-level

magnetic field. The Tag transponder is a sensing device,

which doesn’t contain a battery. It only contains tiny

integrated circuit chips and media for storing data and

antennas for receiving and transmitting signals.

To read the data in the tag, first put it into the reading

range of the card reader. The reader will generate a

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magnetic field, which can produce electricity according to

Lenz's law, then the RFID tag will supply power, thereby

activating the device.

2. Control Pins

Use IIC communication

SDA SDA

SCL SCL

Project 10.1 Open the Door

1. Test Code

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from machine import Pin, PWM,I2C, Pin

import time
from mfrc522_i2c import mfrc522

pwm = PWM(Pin(13))
pwm.freq(50)
button1 = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
#i2c config
addr = 0x28
scl = 22
sda = 21

rc522 = mfrc522(scl, sda, addr)

rc522.PCD_Init()
rc522.ShowReaderDetails() # Show details of PCD - MFRC522 Card Reader details

data = 0

while True:
if rc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent():
#print("Is new card present!")
if rc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial() == True:
print("Card UID:")
#print(rc522.uid.uidByte[0 : rc522.uid.size])
for i in rc522.uid.uidByte[0 : rc522.uid.size]:
data = data + i
print(data)
if(data == 656):

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pwm.duty(128)
print("open")
else:
print("error")
data = 0
btnVal1 = button1.value()
if(btnVal1 == 0):
pwm.duty(25)
print("close")
time.sleep(1)

2. Test Result

Close the provided card to the RFID induction area, the

door will turn and open, and the shell shows "open". Click

button 1 and the door turns and closes. However, when

swiping another blue induction block, the shell shows

"Error".

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Project 11: Morse Code

Morse code, also known as Morse password, is an on-again,

off-again signal code that expresses different letters,

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numbers, and punctuation marks in different sequences.

Now we use it as our password gate.

The Morse code corresponds to the following characters:

Project 11.1 Morse Code Open the Door

1. Description

We use as the correct password. What’s more,

there is a button library file OneButton, which is very

simple to click, double click, long press and other

functions. For Morse password, click is “.”, long press and

release is “-”.

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2. Test Code
# Import machine, time and dht modules.
from machine import Pin, PWM
from time import sleep_ms, ticks_ms
from machine import I2C, Pin
from i2c_lcd import I2cLcd

DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR = 0x27

i2c = I2C(scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21), freq=400000)

lcd = I2cLcd(i2c, DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR, 2, 16)

button1 = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

button2 = Pin(27, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
count = 0
time_count = 0
password = "" #Enter password
correct_password = "-.-" #Correct password
lcd.putstr("Enter password")
pwm = PWM(Pin(13))
pwm.freq(50)

while True:
btnVal1 = button1.value() # Read the value of button 1
if(btnVal1 == 0):
sleep_ms(10)
while(btnVal1 == 0):
time_count = time_count + 1 #Start counting the pressed time of the button
sleep_ms(200) #The time is 200ms cumulative
btnVal1 = button1.value()
if(btnVal1 == 1):
count = count + 1
print(count)
print(time_count)
if(time_count > 3): #If the pressed time of the button is more than 200*3ms ，add"-"
to password
lcd.clear()
#lcd.move_to(1, 1)
password = password + "-"

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else:
lcd.clear()
password = password + "." #Otherwise add "."
lcd.putstr('{}'.format(password))
time_count = 0

btnVal2 = button2.value()
if(btnVal2 == 0):
if(password == correct_password): #If the password is correct
lcd.clear()
lcd.putstr("open")
pwm.duty(128) #Open the door
password = "" #Remove the password
sleep_ms(1000)
else: #If the password is wrong
lcd.clear()
lcd.putstr("error")
pwm.duty(25) #Close the door
sleep_ms(2000)
lcd.clear()
lcd.putstr("enter again")
password = "" #Remove the password

3. Test Result

At first, the LCD1602 displays "Enter password", then click

or long press button 1 to tap the password. If we input the

correct password "-.-", then click button 2, the door will

open, and the LCD1602 will display "open".

If other incorrect passwords are entered, the door will be

closed and the LCD1602 will display error, which shows

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“enter again” 2s later.

Project 12: WiFi

The easiest way to access the Internet is to use a WiFi to

connect. The ESP32 main control board comes with a WiFi

module, making our smart home accessible to the Internet

easily.

Project 12.1 Smart Home

1. Description

We connect the smart home to a LAN, which is the WiFi in

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your home or the hot spot of your phone. After the

connection is successful, an address will be assigned. We

will print the assigned address in the shell.

2. Test Code

Note: ssiD and password in the code should be filled with

your own WiFi name and password.

import time
import network #Import network module

#Enter correct router name and password

ssidRouter = 'ChinaNet-2.4G-0DF0' #Enter the router name
passwordRouter = 'ChinaNet@233' #Enter the router password

def STA_Setup(ssidRouter,passwordRouter):
print("Setup start")
sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF) #Set ESP32 in Station mode
if not sta_if.isconnected():
print('connecting to',ssidRouter)
#Activate ESP32’s Station mode, initiate a connection request to the router
#and enter the password to connect.
sta_if.active(True)
sta_if.connect(ssidRouter,passwordRouter)
#Wait for ESP32 to connect to router until they connect to each other successfully.

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while not sta_if.isconnected():
pass
#Print the IP address assigned to ESP32 in “Shell”.
print('Connected, IP address:', sta_if.ifconfig())
print("Setup End")

try:
STA_Setup(ssidRouter,passwordRouter)
except:
sta_if.disconnect()

3. Test Result

If the WiFi is connected successfully, the serial monitor will

print out the connected WiFi name and assigned IP

address.

3. Resources

Download code, libraries and more details, please refer to

the following link:

https://fs.keyestudio.com/KS5009

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