​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

API Testing

Get Request: Sending a request to get some data from the server is called get request.
Post Request: Sending a request to store some data into the database/server is called post
request.
Put Request: Sending a request to update the existing data in the server.
Note: To create your own API these two software must be installed.

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Install: 1. Nodejs software with npm
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Check the software is available or not from the cmd : Nodejs: node –version and npm: npm –
version
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Install : 2. Json-server.

Create an Own/Dummy REST API “ Students.Json “ file with the following data :
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{
"students":[
{
"id": 1,
"name": "John Doe",
"age": 18,
"grade": "12th",
"subjects": [
"Math",
"Physics"
,

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"English"
]
},
{

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"id": 2,
"name": "Jane Smith",
"age": 17,
"grade": "11th",
"subjects": [
"Biology",
"Chemistry",
"History"
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]
},
{
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"id": 3,
"name": "David Johnson",
"age": 16,
"grade": "10th",
"subjects": [
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"Computer Science",
"Spanish",
"Art"
]
}
]
}

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How to create own API ?​ Task no-1

Ans: Goto the location where the “ Students.json “ File is stored.

Step-1

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Step-2
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Step-3
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Link: http://localhost:3000/students

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How to get single student data from the above URL?​ Task No- 2

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How to get all students data from the above URL?​ Task No- 3

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How to create new student data?​ Create = Post​ Task No- 4

Ans: Add a new collection “ Post “ then give the url. Then insert a new request in the “Request Payload “

Step-1 (Request Payload)

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Step-2 (Response Payload)

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How to update the earlier “New student data” data?​ Update = Put Task No- 5

Ans : Make sure to set the “Id Number” beside the link (http://localhost:3000/students/2f05)

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How to delete any data from the request ?​

Ans : I want to delete ID = “ 2f05 “

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Task No- 6
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Validation :
1.​ Response Body

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2.​ Headers
3.​ Cookies
4.​ Status Code
5.​ Time

JSON ---Javascript object Notation

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Note: In JSON format, we have to represent the data in the form of KEY: Value Pair

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String

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Example

"name": "John",

Note: KEY is always included in “ “ double quotation

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Here { “name” : “ John “ }------name is included in double quotation But John included in double
quotation here because John is string.

When we input multiple inputs in one variable then we use [ ] this is called JSON Array.
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Example:

"name": "John",

"age": 30,

"phone": [12345,6789]

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Example :
{
"Firstname": "John",
"Lastname": Null,
"age": 30,
"phone": [12345,6789],
"Status": true
}
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JSON Object object—Which Contains Multiple KEY : Value Pairs

Student Data ( Student Contains SID, SName, Grade ) HERE 4 Student/Object.

"Student":[

{
"SID":101,
"SName":"Kamran Tusher",
"Grade":A
},

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{
"SID":102,
"SName":"Lamisha Rahman",
"Grade":A+

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},

{
"SID":103,
"SName":"Zenith Chowdhury",
"Grade":A
},
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{
"SID":104,
"SName":"Liyana Lio",
"Grade":A
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}
]
}
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Explanation

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Validate JSON Path :​ Task No- 7

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Ans: I want to extract the red-marked data from the file.
Extract Procedure— JSON Path : Student[1].SName​
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How to extract any data from the above JSON file by using JSON path ?

Lamisha Rahman
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Note: For complex JSON file we need to use tools to extract the data
Tools:​ 1)JSON Pathfinder.​ 2) JSON .com
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Example: I want get the 2nd object’s first name data JSON path​ Site Link : Link
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JSON path Validation​ ( For path validation Site link: Link )

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1. Status Code:
Response Validation Pa
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Step-1
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Step-2

For Single Status code

pm.test("Response status code is 200", function () {

pm.response.to.have.status(200);

});

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For Multiple Status code

pm.test("Successful Post request", ()=> {

pm.expect(pm.response.code).to.be.oneOf([200, 201, 202]);

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});
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1.​ Headers Validation​ Task No—9

We will Validate “Key” of the header “ given below

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How to validate All the “KEY” response header is present :
pm.test("Content-Type is present", function () {
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pm.response.to.have.header("Content-Type");

});
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pm.test("Content-Length is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Content-Length");

});
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pm.test("X-Powered-By is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("X-Powered-By");

});

pm.test("Access-Control-Allow-Origin is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin");

});

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pm.test("Access-Control-Allow-Methods is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Access-Control-Allow-Methods");

});

pm.test("Access-Control-Allow-Headers is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headerss");

});

pm.test("Date is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Date");

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});

pm.test("Connection is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Connection");

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});

pm.test("Keep-Alive is present", function () {

pm.response.to.have.header("Keep-Alive");

});

Here Is the result Images:

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How to Validate the “ value “ of the header ?​ Task No-10

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Code is given below

pm.test("Content-Type is application/json", () => {

});
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pm.expect(pm.response.headers.get('Content-Type')).to.eql('application/json');
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All the “ Value “ validated together using an Array

const headers = [

{ key: "X-Powered-By", value: "tinyhttp" },

{ key: "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", value: "*" },

{ key: "Access-Control-Allow-Methods", value: "GET, HEAD, PUT, PATCH, POST, DELETE" },

{ key: "Access-Control-Allow-Headers", value: "content-type" },

{ key: "Content-Type", value: "application/json" },

//{ key: "Date", value: "Tue, 10 Dec 2024 20:04:59 GMT" },

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{ key: "Connection", value: "keep-alive" },

{ key: "Keep-Alive", value: "timeout=5" },

{ key: "Content-Length", value: "131" }

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];

// Loop through headers and validate each using a basic for loop

for (let i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {

const header = headers[i];

pm.test(`${header.key} is ${header.value}`, () => {

pm.expect(pm.response.headers.get(header.key)).to.eql(header.value);
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});

}
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2.​ Cookies Validation :

We need to verify the cookie name and the value
How to check the cookies are present in the response?
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Ans:
3.​ Response Time validation :
How to check the response time ?
Ans: pm.test("Response time is less than 200ms", function () {
pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(200);
});

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Actually, the response time keep changing during the execution.

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Response Body:​ Task No-

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Different types of validation are done in Response Body validation:

1.​ Validate the Data type of the Data in the fields
2.​ Validate the Array Properties/Array Content in the fields
3.​ Validate the Data of the fields are matched/Correct or Not
4.​ Validate the Json schema

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1.​ Validate the Data type of the Data in the fields :

Validate the “Type” of the value: Validate all the “data type” of these data from every
assertion in this Response body.
How to validate the ‘Data type ‘ of the value from these assertions in the response body?
Here is the response body: (For single object in the response body)
{

"id": "1",​ ​ //verify the data type of id

"name": "John Doe", //verify the data type of name

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"age": 18,​ //verify the data type of id
"grade": "12th",​ ​//verify the data type of id

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"subjects": [​ //verify the data type of subject
"Math",
"Physics",
"English"
]

}
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CODE:
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const jsonData = pm.response.json();

pm.test("Test the data type of the response",() =>{
pm.expect(jsonData).to.be.an("object");
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pm.expect(jsonData.name).to.be.an("String");
pm.expect(jsonData.id).to.be.an("String");
pm.expect(jsonData.age).to.be.an("number");
pm.expect(jsonData.subjects).to.be.an("Array");

});

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(For multiple object in the response body):;

CODE:
const jsonData = pm.response.json();
pm.test("Test the data type of the response", () => {
pm.expect(jsonData).to.be.an("array");
});

jsonData.forEach((item) => {

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pm.test(`Test the data for item with id: ${item.id}`, () => {
pm.expect(item).to.be.an("object"); // Ensure each item is an object
pm.expect(item.name).to.be.a("string"); // Validate 'name' is a string

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pm.expect(item.id).to.be.a("string"); // Validate 'id' is a string
pm.expect(item.age).to.be.a("number"); // Validate 'age' is a number

pm.expect(item.subjects).to.be.an("array"); // Validate 'subjects' is an array

});
});
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2.​ Validate the Array Properties/Array Content in the fields:

Array properties in the response body :

How to validate the Array properties in the response body ?
-(Validate a single property in the Array from the response body)
CODE:
const jsonData = pm.response.json();
pm.test("Test the data type of the response",() =>{
pm.expect(jsonData.subjects).to.include("Math");

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});

Input:

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-(Validate a Multiple property in the Array from the response body)
CODE:

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const jsonData = pm.response.json();
pm.test("Varify the multiple property in the Array ",() =>{
pm.expect(jsonData.subjects).to.have.members(["Math","Physics","English"]);
});
Input:
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3.​ Validate the Data of the fields are matched/Correct or Not :

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Validate the “value “ Of the response body
How to validate the value of of every field/assertion is match or not from the response body?
Ans:
CODE:

const jsonData = pm.response.json();

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pm.test("Test the data type of the response",() =>{
//pm.expect(jsonData).to.be.an("object");
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pm.expect(jsonData.name).to.eql("John Doe");
pm.expect(jsonData.id).to.eql("1");
pm.expect(jsonData.age).to.eql(18);
pm.expect(jsonData.subjects[0]).to.eql("Math");
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pm.expect(jsonData.subjects[1]).to.eql("Physics");
pm.expect(jsonData.subjects[2]).to.eql("English");
});

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4.​ Validate the Json schema :

Validate the Json Schema :

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Convert Json to JSON schema link : Link

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Schema validation code: //Validate Json Schema of the response body.

pm.test("Status code is 200", function () {

pm.expect(tv4.validate(jsonData,schema)).to.be.true;

});

PostMan variables
What is a variable?

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Ans: Variable is something which contains some data.
Why is variable need in postman?
Ans: Variable Is used to avoid the duplicate value
Where is use variable in Postman?

Scope?
Ans : where we can create the variables
Scope to set up the variables:
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Ans : Variable is used in multiple level like Collection, and Environment. Request level.
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1.​Global variable ---Set the variable in global level
2.​Collection variable​ Set the variable in collection level
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3.​Request variable​ Set the variable in request level

4.​Environment variable​ Set the variable in environment level
5.​Data variable​ Set the variable in data level.
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1.​ Global variable:

How do we create a global variable?

Ans:​ workspace-- Collection​ Request/Folder.

A global variable is accessible throughout the every workspace.

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Step-1
Create a Global variable on the collection and save.
Step-2

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Step-3​ (Get Request)
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Step-5 ----(Post Request) Pa
Put this “ {{url_global}} ” variable in every collection accordingly to change the value
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Step-6​ (Put Request)

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Step-7 ​ (Delete Request) Pa
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Step-8

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s

Step-9
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Collection variable : Collection variable is accessible within the Collection among multiple
requests.
Step-1

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Step-2
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Environment Variable:​ Accessible in all collections but we use it for a specific environment

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Run the whole collection of Environment Variable:
Step-1
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Step-2

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Console result
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Local Variables: Accessible only within the request.

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Chaining of API : The response of one API becomes the request of another API is called Chaing
of API.
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Task:
When I pass a body it will create an ‘ID’ in response to request from the body..Then this ‘ ID ‘
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will stored in a variable.

Step-1) Pass this body

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Step-2
Write a test script in the “ post-response “ body.
Script
var JsonData= JSON.parse(ResponseBody);
pm.environment("id"."JsonData.id");
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Here this particular script will set an environment and give a id for the particular body which is
given on the top.
Another Sample API from internet:
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Step -1 : Take an API from the website : (https://gorest.co.in/#google_vignette ).Here we will

find some sample API .
Step-2 : To access this API We need to generate a token and pass it as part of the Authorization.
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Note: Most of the time , whatever API is accessing through internet, those API would have some
authorization
How to get Access token?
Sign up for Github/Google and click on anyone then get the access.
Sample API:
URL: https://gorest.co.in/
End Point

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POST​ ​/public/v2/users​ Create a new user

GET​ /public/v2/users/7386739​ Get user details
PUT|PATCH​ /public/v2/users/7386739​ Update user details
DELETE​ /public/v2/users/7386739​ ​ Delete user
Created Token: cf842adb5472f7db0196c587b55a74dfccd50e82e0f361ab59326843207adddf
Response Body
{
"name":"Chowdhury Kamran Hossain",

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"gender":"male",
"email":"ckh123@gmail.com",

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"status":"active"
}
Note: This Response Body is required for Post and Put requests only.
Note : Then Use the token in the Authorization section in the Collection level to cover all the
request
GorestApi_Chaining example :
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Process:
Step-1: Create a Collection called “GoRestAPI_Chaining
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Step-2: Create Post , Get, Put and Delete Request along with the given Url
Step-3: Set the Token in the collection Level for authorization
Step-4 : Then Execute all the request
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Step-1: First of all execute a “ Post Request “ create a record.

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After getting the result I have updated some informations aginst the ID which is generated.
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The request will not be executed further with the same records. Below you can see the result
Image:

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That is why we need to change the information of the record simultaneously.But it is difficult
to change the data manually in everytime, that is why we need to make it as automated.
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How to change the data in the records automatically every time?

Ans: Before sending the ‘Post Request’ we need to write some script to change the date in the
record automatically.
We will write the Script in the ‘Pre-request ‘ section.
Here will change the Name and Email automatically

Here is the process ;

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Firstly , Write the script in the pre-request section with this

code:
var random=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2);

var username="Chowdhury"+random;
var useremail="chowdhury"+random+"@gmail.com";
Input:

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Secondly, same script should write in the body of the post request
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Same script is written in the body of the post request here is that code
Code:
{
"name":"{{name_env}}",
"gender":"male",
"email":"{{email_env}}",
"status":"active"

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Output:

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After execute the post request then an ID will generate . This ID will need for other request .so,
we need to extract this ID from the response .
So write this script in the Post- Request section.
Code:

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var json.Data= JSON.parse(responseBody );

pm.environment.set("userid_env",jsonData.id);

Parameterisation | Data Driven Testing:

How can we use data parameter/Data variable?
Process: We can specify the variables and value in the external files like CSV file.CSV or Json file.
BooksApi: Two things are going to describe I) Books (Do not need token)II) Order . For order
request, (we need to use a token for authentication.)

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URL: http://simple-books-api.glitch.me/
BooksAPI: Endpoint
Types of request:

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Status: Check the books are available or not .
GET /Status
List of Books:
GET /books
Get a single Book:
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GET /books/ :bookid
Task: Now we are going to perform Data Driven testing on this Particular API.
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Step-1: First, we need to execute a Post request to generate a Toke for Authentication through
the given link and body.
Link/Url: http://simple-books-api.glitch.me/api-clients/
Body:
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Generated Token:
Step-2 : Perform Get request using
this Url :
http://simple-books-api.glitch.me And
End Point: /Status
Get Request : http://simple-books-api.glitch.me/Status

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Image:

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Step -3 : Perform get request usng the given url for getting BookList from the BookAPI.
URL: http://simple-books-api.glitch.me/books
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Step -4: Perform get request for getting single book/specific book from the BookAPI.
Url: http://simple-books-api.glitch.me/books/1

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Swagger:
Petstore: It’s a free API .
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Petstore support two types of response json and xml
Here will see how to validate JSON and xml response. for this, we need to access a API called
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Petstore.
How to access the Petstore documentations?
Url of the Petsore documentation: https://petstore.swagger.io/
User model provides the responses in the Json format.Different API request in User model
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Parag Patil | paragpatil.rcpit@gmail.com | 7666170317 | https://topmate.io/parag_patil02

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Now click on Post request, which is in the given screenshot. Then this page will appear

Now click on the Try it out to insert the data in the body.

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Pa
After inserting the data the click on execute and get the output which is in below
g
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Pa

Parag Patil | paragpatil.rcpit@gmail.com | 7666170317 | https://topmate.io/parag_patil02

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Now I will import this API in the PostMan softwarez:

First copy the curl:
curl -X 'POST' \
'https://petstore.swagger.io/v2/user' \
-H 'accept: application/xml' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '{
"id": 18,

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"username": "Kamra Hossain Chowdhury",
"firstName": "Kamran Hossain",

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"lastName": "Chowdhury",
"email": "khc123@gmail.com",
"password": "string",
"phone": "01738824389",

"userStatus": 0
}'
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Then Create a collection in the postman and import the curl
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Pa

Parag Patil | paragpatil.rcpit@gmail.com | 7666170317 | https://topmate.io/parag_patil02