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IntroToProgramming Q21toQ37 Answers

The document provides answers to various programming-related questions, covering topics such as pointers, arrays, functions, compilation, algorithms, and programming paradigms. It includes definitions, features, and examples for each concept, along with algorithms and flowcharts for specific tasks. The references cited are primarily from Deepak Gupta and Sachin Kumar's works.

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2 views6 pages

IntroToProgramming Q21toQ37 Answers

The document provides answers to various programming-related questions, covering topics such as pointers, arrays, functions, compilation, algorithms, and programming paradigms. It includes definitions, features, and examples for each concept, along with algorithms and flowcharts for specific tasks. The references cited are primarily from Deepak Gupta and Sachin Kumar's works.

Uploaded by

sinuchan7272
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Answers to Questions 21-37 (Verified from Reference Books)

Q21. Differentiate between pointers and arrays

Pointers:

- Store address of variable

- Can be reassigned

- Allow pointer arithmetic

Arrays:

- Store data elements

- Fixed size

- Cannot be reassigned

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 8283

Q22. What are the features of pointers?

- Efficient memory access

- Dynamic memory allocation

- Passing by reference

- Data structure implementation

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 8183

Q23. Define function. Explain the types of functions with an example.

Function: Reusable block of code

Types:

1. No args, no return

2. Args, no return
3. No args, return

4. Args, return

Example:

int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 7275

Q24. What is Compilation? Explain in brief.

Compilation is converting source code into machine code via compiler.

Steps:

Lexical Syntax Semantic Optimization Code Generation

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 4547

Q25. Write notes on: i) Compiler ii) Interpreter iii) Assembler

Compiler: Converts full code to object code

Interpreter: Line-by-line execution

Assembler: Converts assembly to machine code

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 4749

Q26. Write difference between algorithm and flowchart

Algorithm: Textual steps

Flowchart: Diagrammatic flow using symbols

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 1528

Q27. Define keyword, constant, and variable


Keyword: Reserved word (int, if)

Constant: Fixed value (e.g. 10)

Variable: Storage location with changeable value

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 3537

Q28. Write an algorithm and flowchart to find the sum of numbers from 1 to n

Algorithm:

1. Start

2. Input n

3. sum=0

4. for i=1 to n sum=sum+i

5. Output sum

6. Stop

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 2022

Q29. Define algorithm. Write algorithm for finding factorial of a number

Algorithm:

1. Start

2. Input n

3. fact=1

4. for i=1 to n fact=fact*i

5. Output fact

6. Stop

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 2022

Q30. Write an algorithm and flowchart to generate Fibonacci series up to 'n'


Algorithm:

1. Start

2. Input n

3. a=0, b=1

4. Print a, b

5. Repeat c=a+b, print c, a=b, b=c

6. Stop

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 2223

Q31. Draw the flowchart to find the greatest of three numbers

Compare a, b, c using if-else logic in decision symbols of flowchart.

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 2728

Q32. Write an algorithm and flowchart to find whether a number is prime or not

Algorithm:

1. Start

2. Input n

3. flag=0

4. for i=2 to n-1: if n%i==0 then flag=1

5. if flag==0 Prime

else Not Prime

6. Stop

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 2730

Q33. What is Multi-dimensional Array?

Array with more than one index, e.g., int arr[2][3][4];


Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 6768

Q34. What is Pointer to Pointer?

Pointer holding address of another pointer

Example:

int a=10;

int *p=&a;

int **pp=&p;

Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 8485

Q35. What is Program?

Set of instructions to perform a task

Reference: Sachin Kumar pp. 23

Q36. What is Structured, Procedural, and Object-Oriented Programming Language?

Structured: Uses blocks, loops (C)

Procedural: Based on procedures (Pascal, C)

OOP: Uses objects & classes (Java, C++)

Reference: Sachin Kumar pp. 8082

Q37. What is Loop? Why to have loops? Explain

Loop: Repeats block of code while condition is true

Benefits:

- Avoid repetition

- Automate tasks

- Clean code
Reference: Deepak Gupta pp. 5156

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