1.
CORE JAVA
What is the difference between == and.equals() in Java?
Explain OOP principles with examples (Encapsulation, Inherit ance, Polymorphism, Abstraction).
What is a Java Stream API? Give examples of intermediat e and terminal operations.
Difference between HashMap, LinkedHashMap, and TreeMap.
What are Checked and Unchecked exceptions in Java?
How does Garbage Collection work in Java?
Explain the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList.
What are functional interfaces and lambda expressions?
What is the difference between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer?
How does Multithreading work in Java? What are synchronized blocks?
2. SPRING & SPRING BOOT
2. Spring & Spring Boot
What is the difference between Spring and Spring Boot?
Explain Dependency Injection in Spring.
What is the difference between @Component, @Service, and @Repository?
What is Spring Bean scope (Singleton, Prototype, etc.)?
How does Spring Boot auto-configuration work?
What is the difference between @RestController and @Controller?
How to connect Spring Boot with a database (JPA/Hibernate)?
What is the difference between JpaRepository and CrudRepository?
How do you implement exception handling in Spring Boot?
How to secure REST APIs with Spring Security and JWT?
3. DATABASE & SQL
What is the difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN?
How do indexes work in SQL, and when should they be used?
Write an SQL query to get the second highest salary from an Employee table.
What is the difference between PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE KEY?
How do you handle transactions in SQL?
Explain Normalization and Denormalization.
4. FRONTEND (HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT REACT/ANGULAR)
Difference between var, let, and const in JavaScript.
What are JavaScript Promises and async/await?
Explain the concept of Event Bubbling and Event Capturing.
Difference between localStorage, sessionStorage, and cookies.
In React, what is the difference between state and props?
What are React hooks (useState, useEffect, etc.)?
What is two-way data binding in Angular?
How do you call a backend API in React/Angular?
5. REST API & MICROSERVICES
What is REST API and how does it differ from SOAP?
What are HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE) used for?
What is status code 200, 201, 400, 401, 403, 404, 500?
How to design a versioned API?
What is Idempotency in REST APIs?
How to handle pagination in API responses?
What is the difference between monolithic and microservice architectu
How does service discovery work in microservices (Eureka, Consul)?
6. DEVOPS & DEPLOYMENT
How to create a Dockerfile for a Java Spring Boot app?
How to use Maven or Gradle in a Java project?
How to deploy a Java Full Stack application to AWS / Azure?
Difference between Cl and CD.
How to use Jenkins for build automation?
7. GENERAL & PROBLEM-SOLVING
How do you handle CORS issues?
How to optimize application performance (frontend + backend)?
What are design patterns you have used in your projects?
How to debug a production issue in a full stack app?
Describe a full stack project you have built end-to-end.
