CODING & DECODING

1
1. Number Coding

2. Letter Coding

3. Mixed Coding

4. Substitution Coding

5. Mathematical Coding

6. Condition Based Coding

7. Matrix Coding
2
3
 Coding

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14

4
5
6
9
10
11
12
13
 Number Coding

If D = 4, COVER = 63 then BASIS = ?

14
If AT = 20, BAT = 40 then CAT will
be equal to?

15
 If MACHINE is coded as 19-7-9-14-15-20-11,
how will you code DANGER?

a) 10-7-20-13-11-24 b) 11-7-20-16-11-24

c) 30-7-20-9-11-25 d) 13-7-20-10-11-25

16
17
If E = 10; J = 20; O = 30; and T = 40,
what will be P + E + S + T? (GATE -
2019)

(a) 120 (b) 164

(c) 82 (d) 51

18
If Z = 52 and ACT = 48, then BAT will be
equal to

19
In a certain code WELCOME is coded as
4221524121422, then how would “FORMULA”
be coded in the same language?
A.211291461526 B. 615181312211
C.615181321121 D. 211291461151

20
21
If AROMA = 24, GRAND = 22 then KWALITY = ?

(a) 40 (b) 62 (c) 55.5 (d) 50.5

22
23
If ‘ABLE’ is coded as ‘23-24-8-1’, how will you code ‘DARK’?

(a) 25-22-13-6 (b) 26-23-14-7

(c) 26-24-12-6 (d) 26-23-13-7

24
If ‘MEANDER’ is coded as ‘4515459’, then
'MATHEMATICS' is coded as

a) 67250623076 b) 41285412931

c) 45038401854 d) 57159413955

25
26
If AT is coded as – 19, BAT is coded as
21, then AND is coded as?

27
If BARS is coded as 10.00, DEEZ is coded as
10.00, PLANT is coded as 12.60, what will
be the code for BEERT?

(a) 11 (b) 10

(c) 10.5 (d) 10.66

28
29
 In a certain code language CAR = 19 and
TRUCK = 68, then code for ‘TAXP’?

(a) 60 (b) 57

(c) 50 (d) 58

30
31
If in a certain code language “LUXOR” is coded as 25
and “TAIL” is coded as 16, then how would
“GUILDS” be coded in that code language?
A. 40 B. 38 C. 49 D. 36

32
33
If 0, 1, 2, ..., 7, 8, 9 are coded as O, P, Q, ..., V, W, X
then 45 will be coded as _____. (GATE – 2020)
A) SS B) TS
C) SU D) ST

34
35
If P = 3, R = 27, T = 243, then Q + S = ______.
(GATE _2020)
A) 40 B) 110
C) 90 D) 80

36
37
The question is based on a certain
code language. Understand the logic
in the coding and answer the
following question. If PROCESSOR
is coded as D4F3C5C1E1S1S1E3C6
then QUADRANT is coded as?
A) Q1C7A1B2F6A1B7E4
B) Q1D6A1B2F3A1B7E4
C) Q1C7A1B2F3A1B7E4
D) Q1C7A1D2C6A1B7E
39
In a code language, TAPE is written as 4825;
SHART is written as 93814 and TUBE is
written as 4675. Then how is BASERA
written?

(a) 785198 (b) 789518

(c) 985718 (d) 758918

40
41
42
Letter Coding
If IMHO = JNIP; IDK = JEL ; and SO = TP, then IDC =
(GATE - 2019)
(a) JDC (b) JCD (c) JDE (d) JED
In a certain code, AMCF is written as EQGJ
and NKUF is written as ROYJ. How will
DHLP be written in the code? (GATE - 2018)
(a) RSTN (b) TLPH
(c) HLPT (d) XSVR
46
If ROAD is written as URDG, then SWAN should
be written as: (GATE_15)
A. VXDQ B. VZDQ
C. VZDP D. UXDQ

47
If in a certain code language “SEASONAL”
is coded “ESSANOLA”, then how would
“SEPARATE” be coded in that code
language?
A. ESAPARET
B. ESPAARTE
C. SEAPARET
D. ESPARATE

48
49
If in a certain code, SWITCH is written as
TVJSDG, which word would be written as
CQFZE?
A) BARED B) BRAED
C) BREAD D) BRADE
51
If in a certain code language “FRIEND” is
coded as “IULHQG” then how would
“ENEMY” be coded in that code language?
A. HQEMY
B. HQHPG
C. HQHPA
D. HQHPB

52
In certain code, TOGETHER is written as
RQEGRJCT. In the same code PAROLE will be
written as?
A) NCPQJG B) NCQPJG
C) RCPQJK D) RCTQNG
54
In a certain code, MONKEY is written as
XDJMNL. How is TIGER written in that code?
(a) QDFHS (b) SDFHS
(c) SHFDQ (d) UJHFS
56
In a certain code, ROME is coded as
SUNI and BOMBAY as CUNCEZ.
Then ASIA is coded as?
A) BIJB B) ETOE
C) ESOE D) ATIA
58
If DELHI is coded as CCIDD, how would
you encode BOMBAY?
A) AJMTVT B) AMJXVS
C) MJXVSU D) WXYZAX
60
In a certain code, “EDUCATION” is
coded as “WVXFZRGML”, then how
would “CHALLENGE” be coded in the
same language?
A. XSOOZMTVV B. XSZOOMVTV
C. SXOZOMVVT D. SOXOZVVMT

61
62
If in a certain code "FRAGRANCE" is
coded as "ICTHRGEPC", then how would
"SOPHISTICATED" be coded in that code
language?
A. UJKURQTCVGFEK
B. UJKQRUTFGVCEK
C. UKJRQUTFGVCEK
D. UKJRQUTFVGEKC

63
64
GATE - 14: If 'KCLFTSB' stands for ‘best
of luck’ and 'SHSWDG' stands for ‘good
wishes’ which of the following indicates 'ace
the exam’? (2M)
66
Mixed Coding
In certain code language, ‘851’ means ‘good sweet
fruit’, ‘783’ means ‘good red rose’ and ‘341’ means
‘rose and fruit’. Which of the following digit stands
for ‘sweet’ in that language?
A) 8 B) 5
C) 1 D) 3
69
If ‘sti nro kti’ stands for ‘clouds pour down’,
’nro bsi mit’ stands for ‘down he goes’ and ‘bsi
sro zpi’ stands for ‘died blown he’, which would
mean ‘goes’?
A) nro B) mit C) kti D) bsi
71
GATE_2016: If ‘relftaga’ means carefree,
‘otaga’ means careful and ‘fertaga’ means
careless, which of the following could mean
‘aftercare’?
(A) zentaga (B) tagafer
(C) tagazen (D) relffer

72
73
In a certain code language if:
"gorblflur" means "fan belt"
"pixngorbl" means "ceiling fan"
" arthtusl" means " tile roof"
Which word could mean "ceiling tile" in the
same code language?
A. pixnarth B. arthflur
C. gorblarth D. flurtusl

74
Substitution Coding
If SAND is called AIR, AIR is called PLATEAU,
PLATEAU is called WELL, WELL is called
ISLAND and ISLAND is called SKY, then from
where will a woman draw water?
A) WELL B) ISLAND
C) SKY D) AIR
77
If ROOM is called BED, BED is
called WINDOW, WINDOW is
called FLOWER and FLOWER is
called COOLER, on what would a
man sleep?
A) WINDOW B) BED
C) FLOWER D) COOLER
If SKY is called SEA, SEA is called
WATER, WATER is called AIR, AIR is
called CLOUD and CLOUD is called
RIVER, then what do we drink when
thirsty?
A) SKY B) AIR
C) WATER D) SEA
 If white is called blue, blue is called red, red is called
yellow, yellow is called green, green is called black, black
is called violet and violet is called orange
i) What would be the color of human blood ?
A. Red B. Green
C. Yellow D. Violet E. Orange

ii) What would be the color of Milk ?

A. Red B. Green
C. Blue D. Violet E. Orange
81
Mathematical Coding
In a certain code language, if 9/3 = 7,
6/2 = 2 and 7/6 = 2. What is the code
of 8/3?
A) 1 B) 4 C) 6 D) 7

83
In a certain code language, if 2*2 =
2, 4*4 = 12 and 6*6 = 30, then
what is 8*8 = ?
A) 12 B) 42
C) 60 D) 56

84
In a certain code language, if 16%2
= 2 , 9%3 = 0, 64%4 = 4, then 49%1
=?

85
If 8 # 2 @ 5 = 21 and 4 # 6 @ 2 = 26, then what will
be 3 @ 7 # 9?
A) 40 B) 30 C) 47 D) 66

86
If 5 @ 29 = 32, 41 @ 78 = 117 and 16 @ 32
= 46, then what will be 22 @ 46?
A) 48 B) 31
C) 52 D) 66

87
In a certain code language, if the
value of 28 + 14 = 50 and 36 + 43 =
63, then what is the value of 44 + 52
=?
A) 54 B) 56
C) 58 D) 62

88
If 21 # 11 = 5, 18 # 4 = 7 and 6 # 2 = 2, then find
the value of 13 # 5 = ?
A) 4 B) 8 C) 18 D) 65

89
90
If 72 $ 21 = 6 and 19 $ 42 = 4 then find the value
of 18 $ 26 = ?
A) 44 B) 8 C) 1 D) 22

91
92
If 62@12 = 11, 23@34 = 12, then
find the value of 73@16 = ?
A) 10 B) 7
C) 13 D) 17

93
94
If 'P' denotes '-', 'Q' denotes '÷', 'R' denotes '×'
and 'W' denotes '+', then 48Q12R10P8W4?
A) 28 B) 32
C) 40 D) 36

95
96
In the following question, which of the two signs
are interchanged to make the equation correct?
3 ÷ 5 × 8 + 2 - 10 = 13
A) ÷ and – B) ÷ and +
C) + and – D) × and ÷

97
98
Condition Based Coding

99
Directions: In each question below is given a group of letters
followed by four combinations of digits/symbols coded (a),
(b), (c) and (d). You have to find out which of the
combinations correctly represents the group of letters based
on the following digit/symbol code of each letter and the
conditions that follow and mark the number of that
combination as your answer. If none of the combinations
correctly represents the group of letters, give (e), i.e. ‘None of
these’, as your answer.

Letter PMEKRA T W I J U B F HN
Digit/Symbol 5 6 # 2 $ 8 % 1 ©7@9 3 4 *
Conditions:
(i) If both the first and the last letters in the group are vowels, both are
not to be coded as the code for the last letter.
(ii) If both the first and the last letters in the group are consonants, both
are to be coded as the code for the first letter.
(iii) If the first letter in the group is a consonant and the last letter is a
vowel codes for the first and the last letters are to be interchanged.
TMWEIKB A) %61#©2% B) %61#©29
C) 961#©29 D) 961#©2% E) None of these

Letter PMEKRA T W I J U B F HN
Digit/Symbol 5 6 # 2 $ 8 % 1 ©7@9 3 4 *
Conditions:
(i) If both the first and the last letters in the group are vowels, both are
not to be coded as the code for the last letter.
(ii) If both the first and the last letters in the group are consonants, both
are to be coded as the code for the first letter.
(iii) If the first letter in the group is a consonant and the last letter is a
vowel codes for the first and the last letters are to be interchanged.
BNAWJPI A) 9*8175© B) ©*18759
C) *8175© D) ©*81759 E) None of these

Letter PMEKRA T W I J U B F HN
Digit/Symbol 5 6 # 2 $ 8 % 1 © 7 @ 9 3 4 *
Directions: In each question below is given a group of letters
followed by four combinations of digits/symbols coded (a),
(b), (c) and (d). You have to find out which of the
combinations correctly represents the group of letters based
on the following digit/symbol code of each letter and the
conditions that follow and mark the number of that
combination as your answer. If none of the combinations
correctly represents the group of letters, give (e), i.e. ‘None of
these’, as your answer.

Letter W R A PGB M U S E F TND

Digit/Symbol $ 8 ! 2 7 # 9 @ ? 5 β 4 * 6
Conditions: (i) If the middle letter is a vowel, the codes for the first
and fourth letter are to be interchanged.
(ii) If the first two letters are consonants, the first letter is to be coded,
no code may be given to the second letter and the remaining three
letters are to be coded.
(iii) If the first letter is a vowel and the last letter is a consonant both
are to be coded as the for the Consonant.
URGEN
A) *758@ B) *785* C) @785* D) @785@
E) None of these
Letter W R APGB M U S E F TND
Digit/Symbol $ 8 ! 2 7 # 9 @ ? 5 β 4 * 6
A group of letters, numbers, and symbols is given. Letters are to be
coded as per the conditions given below. Find out the serial number of
the given combination of letters.
Conditions: (a) If the first letter is consonant and the last letter is a
vowel, both will be coded as the code for the consonant.
(b) If the first letter is a vowel and the last letter is consonant, both will
be coded as the code for the vowel.
(c) If both the first and last letters are consonants, both will be coded
as #.
(d) If both the first and last letters are vowels, both will be coded as %.

105
 The letters AWTMSO will be coded as?
A) 3$1*5% B) %$1*54
C) %$1*5% D) #$!*5%

Letter A DL M W H J T X Z CF K O S
Digit/Symbol 3 # 6 * $ 9%1 7 @ 6 2 © 4 5

106
107
Matrix Coding

108
 Directions : Word is represented by only one set
of numbers as given in any one of the
alternatives. The sets of numbers given in the
alternatives are represented by two classes of
Matrix –I Matrix-II
alphabets as in two matrices given below. The
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
columns and row of Matrix I are numbered from
0 P A G R Z 5 E M L N O
0 to 4 and that on Matrix II are numbered from 5
1 G R Z P A 6 L E O M N
2 Z P A G R 7 O N E L M to 9.
3 A G R Z P 8 N O M E L A letter from these matrices can be represented
4 R Z P A G 9 M L N O E first by its rows and next by its column, e.g., 'A'

can be represented by 01, 14 etc., and E can be

represented by 55, 66 etc. 109
You have to identify the set for the word
‘ORGAN’.
A) 86, 40, 23, 14, 96 B) 98, 03, 44, 22, 58
C) 75, 03, 11, 22, 76 D) 67, 22, 31, 58, 22
Matrix –I Matrix-II

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 P A G R Z 5 E M L N O
1 G R Z P A 6 L E O M N
2 Z P A G R 7 O N E L M
3 A G R Z P 8 N O M E L
4 R Z P A G 9 M L N O E

110
111
A word is represented by only one set of numbers as given in
any one of the alternatives. The sets of numbers given in the
alternatives are represented by two classes of alphabets as in
two matrices given below. The columns and rows of Matrix I
are numbered from 0 to 4 and that of Matrix II are numbered
from 5 to 9.
Matrix I Matrix II
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 A F K P U 9 D I N S X
3 F K A U P 8 X S I D N
2 P U F K A 7 N X S I D
1 K P U A F 6 S D X N I
0 U A P F K 5 I N D X S 112
A letter from these matrices can be represented first by its row
and next by its column, e.g., 'F’ can be represented by 30, 22,
etc. and 'N' can be represented by 97, 89, etc.
You have to identify the set for the given word. “DAKU”
(a) 95, 40, 04, 42 (b) 24, 95, 20, 27
(c) 88, 24, 10, 34 (d) 57, 13, 23, 21
Matrix I Matrix II
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 A F K P U 9 D I N S X
3 F K A U P 8 X S I D N
2 P U F K A 7 N X S I D
1 K P U A F 6 S D X N I
0 U A P F K 5 I N D X S 113
114
 i. TUNE

(a) 68, 31, 79, 41 (b) 85, 10, 97, 22

Matrix I Matrix II
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (c) 79, 23, 86, 30 (d) 96, 42, 65, 12
0 A S U E O5 C R T P N
1 U O E S A6 N P C T R
2 S A O U E 7 P C R N T ii. CROPS
3 E U A O S 8 T N P R C
4 O E S A U9 R T N C P (a) 89, 95, 11, 75, 20 (b) 67, 77, 32, 87, 34

(c) 76, 88, 40, 67, 13 (d) 98, 56, 04, 58, 43
116