TRAINING IN DATA ANALYSIS (SPSS/ EXCEL):
Welcome To Data Analysis (SPSS/ EXCEL).
INTRODUCTION:
What is Data Analysis?
Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modelling
data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and
supporting decision-making.
To put it differently, Data Analysis is the process of systematically applying
statistical and/or logical techniques to describe and illustrate condense and recap
and evaluate data. It is the Process of converting raw data to meaningful
information.
Data analysis has multiple facets and approaches, encompassing diverse
techniques under a variety of names, and is used in different business, science,
and social science domains.
Data Analysis consists of Data Requirement Gathering, Data Collection, Data
Cleaning, and of course Data Analysis.
In today's business world, data analysis plays a role in making decisions more
scientific and helping businesses operate more effectively.
Types of Data Analysis are Text, Statistical, Diagnostic, Predictive, Prescriptive
Analysis.
Amid an ongoing explosion of data, there's also a greater need to understand
who is qualified to correctly analyze data. We will explore the qualifications of
data analysts as well as the analytic tools available for those people to use
associated with the position.
Analysis:
This is a detailed examination of anything complex in order to understand
its nature or to determine its essential features.
Analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into
smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it.
DATA:
What Is Data?
The term data is simply defined as “facts and figures”. Each piece of data is a
little fact that doesn’t mean much on its own. The word data can be used for a
singular fact or a collection of facts. It comes from the Latin word datum,
meaning “something given”.
The word datum is still the technically correct singular form of data but is rarely
used in common language.
In a nutshell, Data may be defined as follows:
Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
Data are individual facts, statistics, or items of information, often numeric,
that are collected through observation.
What Is Information?
Information is defined simply as “news or knowledge received or given”. It is
what results when you have processed, interpreted, and organized facts. The
word comes from the Latin word īnfōrmātiō, meaning “formation or
conception.”
Information is an abstract concept that refers to things that have the power to
inform.
Main Differences Between Data and Information:
The terms data and information can mean different things in different contexts,
but the main differences between them are:
Data is a collection of facts. Information is how you understand those facts
in context.
Data is unorganized, while information is structured or organized.
Information is an uncountable noun, while data is a mass noun.
Data is not typically useful on its own, but information is.
Data generally includes the raw forms of numbers, statements, and
characters. Information doesn’t have to.
Information depends on data.
Data vs. Information:
Although the terms "data" and "information" are often used
interchangeably, these terms have distinct meanings.
In some popular publications, data are sometimes said to be transformed
into information when they are viewed in context or in post-analysis.
However, in academic treatments of the subject data are simply units of
information.
Data vs. Information in Computers:
In the world of computers, data is the input, or what you tell the computer to do
or save. Information is the output, or how the computer interprets your data and
shows you the requested action or directive.
Data vs. Information in Statistics:
In the world of statistics, data is still defined as raw information, but the term
statistics is often used in place of information. The statistics interpret and
summarize the data.
Data vs. Information in Business and Healthcare:
In the world of business, data are often raw numbers and information is a
collection of individual data points that you use to understand what you’ve
measured.
Data vs. Information Examples:
Below are examples of data and information side-by-side to help you better
understand the differences between the two terms.
DATA: each individual homework and test grade of a student in one
class.
INFORMATION: the student’s average grade for each class.
DATA: typing the words “cat videos” in your computer search engine
(input).
INFORMATION: the list of search results that includes a variety of cat
videos on the internet (output)
DATA: 774953+20261
INFORMATION: a person’s phone number +26097712345.
Data typically comes before information, but it’s hard to say which is more
useful. For example, if the information was processed or organized in a biased
manner or incorrectly, it’s not useful, but the data still is.
THANK YOU!
SELF ASSESSMENT:
1. What is Data Analysis?
2. What is the difference between Data and Information?
3. What does the term Analysis mean?
