STRING FUNCTIONS
len()
--> Return the length of characters present in the string
In [1]: s = "ABCD"
print(len(s))
In [2]: s = " I love Programming "
print(len(s))
20
isalpha()
-> Checks whether all the characters of the string are letters or not
In [4]: s = "ABCD"
s.isalpha()
Out[4]: True
In [5]: s = "123"
s.isalpha()
Out[5]: False
In [6]: s = "ABCD123"
s.isalpha()
Out[6]: False
isdigit()
-> Checks whether all the character of the string are digit or not
In [7]: s = "ABCD"
s.isdigit()
Out[7]: False
In [8]: s = "ABCD123"
s.isdigit()
Out[8]: False
In [9]: s = "123"
s.isdigit()
Out[9]: True
isalnum()
-> Checks whether the string contains alphanumeric characters or not
In [10]: s = "ABCD"
s.isalnum()
Out[10]: True
In [11]: s = "123"
s.isalnum()
Out[11]: True
In [12]: s = "ABCDE123"
s.isalnum()
Out[12]: True
islower()
--> Checks whether all the letters of the string are in lowercase or not.
In [13]: s = "abcd"
s.islower()
Out[13]: True
In [14]: s = "ABcded"
s.islower()
Out[14]: False
In [15]: s = "ABCDE"
s.islower()
Out[15]: False
isupper()
--> Checks whether all the letters of the string are in uppercase or not
In [16]: s = "ABCDE"
s.isupper()
Out[16]: True
In [17]: s = "abcd23"
s.isupper()
Out[17]: False
lower()
--> Converts all the letters of the string into lowercase
In [18]: s = "ABCDE"
s.lower()
Out[18]: 'abcde'
In [19]: s = "ABCEefg123"
s.lower()
Out[19]: 'abceefg123'
upper()
-> Converts all the letters of the string into uppercase
In [20]: s = "abcdef"
s.upper()
Out[20]: 'ABCDEF'
In [26]: s = "ABCDEeffjd123"
s.upper()
Out[26]: 'ABCDEEFFJD123'
capitalize()
--> Converts only the first letter of the string into uppercase and rest all into lowercase
In [22]: s = "ABCDeknsdkfnkf"
s.capitalize()
Out[22]: 'Abcdeknsdkfnkf'
In [23]: s = "abcDEF"
s.capitalize()
Out[23]: 'Abcdef'
In [24]: s = "i love programming"
s.capitalize()
Out[24]: 'I love programming'
title()
--> Converts the first letter of each word of the string into uppercase and rest into lower
case.
In [28]: s = "i love programming"
s.title()
Out[28]: 'I Love Programming'
In [29]: s = "abcDEF"
s.title()
Out[29]: 'Abcdef'
swapcase()
-> Converts all the letters of a string from the uppercase to the lowercase and vice-versa
In [30]: s = "I love PROGRAMMING"
s.swapcase()
Out[30]: 'i LOVE programming'
replace(old, new)
--> Replaces a substring by another substring at all places of its occurrences in the string
In [31]: s = "aaaaaabbbbCCCddd"
s.replace('a', '*')
Out[31]: '******bbbbCCCddd'
In [32]: s = " I love programming"
s.replace('m', 'M')
Out[32]: ' I love prograMMing'
In [33]: s = "ABCDEF"
s.replace('AB', 'aaaaaa')
Out[33]: 'aaaaaaCDEF'
In [37]: s = "ABCDEF"
s.replace('ab', 'aaaaaa')
Out[37]: 'ABCDEF'
find()
--> Finds the occurrence (index) of a substring in a string
In [38]: s = "aaaaaaBBBBBcccc"
s.find('a')
Out[38]: 0
In [39]: s.find('B')
Out[39]: 6
In [40]: s.find('D')
Out[40]: -1
In [41]: s.find('aB')
Out[41]: 5
In [42]: s.find('Ba')
Out[42]: -1
In [43]: s = "aaaaaaBBBBBcccc"
s.find('a', 5) # start = 5
Out[43]: 5
In [44]: s.find('a', 6) # start = 6
Out[44]: -1
In [45]: s.find('a', 2, 5) # start = 2, end = 5
Out[45]: 2
In [46]: s = "aaaaaaBBBBBcccc"
s.find('B', 2, 6)
Out[46]: -1
rfind()
In [47]: s = "aaaaaaBBBBBcccDDD"
s.rfind('a')
Out[47]: 5
In [48]: s.find('a')
Out[48]: 0
count()
--> Returns the number of occurrences of a substring in the given range of the indices
In [49]: s = "aaaaaaBBBBBcccDDD"
s.count('a')
Out[49]: 6
In [50]: s.count('B')
Out[50]: 5
In [51]: s.count('E')
Out[51]: 0
In [52]: s.count('aB')
Out[52]: 1
In [53]: s = "aaaaaaBBBBBcccDDD"
s.count('a', 3)
Out[53]: 3
In [54]: s.count('a', 5)
Out[54]: 1
In [55]: s.count('a', 6)
Out[55]: 0
In [56]: s.count('a', 2, 5)
Out[56]: 3
index()
-> Determines whether the substring occurs or not in the range of the given indices of
the string
In [57]: s = "ABCDE"
s.index('A')
Out[57]: 0
In [58]: s.index('B')
Out[58]: 1
In [59]: s.index('F')
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[59], line 1
----> 1 s.index('F')
ValueError: substring not found
In [60]: s.index('AB')
Out[60]: 0
In [61]: s.index('BC')
Out[61]: 1
isspace()
--> Checks whether the string contains only whitespace or not
In [62]: s = " "
s.isspace()
Out[62]: True
In [63]: s = " I "
s.isspace()
Out[63]: False
split()
--> Converts the given string into a list using specified separator
In [64]: s = "I love Programming"
s.split() # by space is separated
Out[64]: ['I', 'love', 'Programming']
In [65]: s.split('l')
Out[65]: ['I ', 'ove Programming']
In [67]: s.split('o')
Out[67]: ['I l', 've Pr', 'gramming']
In [68]: s.split('m')
Out[68]: ['I love Progra', '', 'ing']
In [66]: s.split('z')
Out[66]: ['I love Programming']
In [70]: s = "I love Programming VERY MUCH"
s.split(' ', 2) # by space is separated
Out[70]: ['I', 'love', 'Programming VERY MUCH']
In [71]: s = "I@love@Programming@VERY@MUCH"
s.split('@', 3) # by space is separated
Out[71]: ['I', 'love', 'Programming', 'VERY@MUCH']
In [72]: s.split('@', 2)
Out[72]: ['I', 'love', 'Programming@VERY@MUCH']
In [73]: s.split('@', 1)
Out[73]: ['I', 'love@Programming@VERY@MUCH']
In [74]: s.split('@')
Out[74]: ['I', 'love', 'Programming', 'VERY', 'MUCH']
partition()
--> Searches for the first occurrence of the specified substring and splits the string to
tuple. --> it will always give three elements
In [76]: s = "I love Programming VERY MUCH"
s.partition(' ')
Out[76]: ('I', ' ', 'love Programming VERY MUCH')
In [79]: s.partition('P')
Out[79]: ('I love ', 'P', 'rogramming VERY MUCH')
In [80]: s.partition('z')
Out[80]: ('I love Programming VERY MUCH', '', '')
strip()
--> Return the copy of a string after removing the leading and trailing character
In [81]: s = " I LOVE "
s.strip()
Out[81]: 'I LOVE'
In [82]: s.lstrip()
Out[82]: 'I LOVE '
In [83]: s.rstrip()
Out[83]: ' I LOVE'
startswith()
--> Check whether the string starts with a substring or not.,
In [84]: s = "i LOVE pORGRAMMING"
s.startswith('i')
Out[84]: True
In [85]: s.startswith('l')
Out[85]: False
In [86]: s.startswith('progrmming')
Out[86]: False
In [87]: s.endswith('g')
Out[87]: False
In [88]: s.endswith('G')
Out[88]: True
In [89]: s.endswith('pORGRAMMING')
Out[89]: True
join()
--> Return a new string by concatenating all of the elements in an iterable such as string,
list etc.
In [91]: s = ['I', 'love', 'Programming']
print(' '.join(s))
I love Programming
In [92]: print('#'.join(s))
I#love#Programming
In [93]: print(''.join(s))
IloveProgramming
In [94]: s = "I love Programming"
"#".join(s)
Out[94]: 'I# #l#o#v#e# #P#r#o#g#r#a#m#m#i#n#g'
In [95]: "AND".join(s)
Out[95]: 'IAND ANDlANDoANDvANDeAND ANDPANDrANDoANDgANDrANDaANDmANDmANDiANDnANDg'
In [96]: s = ['I', 'love', 'Programming']
print('AND'.join(s))
IANDloveANDProgramming
QUESTIONS
In [97]: s = "PYTHON World"
# s[1] # s[:-5] # s[-1:] # s[5] # s[::-1] # s[::-3] # s[50]
In [103… s[::-3]
Out[103]: 'doNT'
In [102… s[::-1]
Out[102]: 'dlroW NOHTYP'
In [98]: s[1]
Out[98]: 'Y'
In [99]: s[:-5]
Out[99]: 'PYTHON '
In [100… s[-1:]
Out[100]: 'd'
In [101… s[5]
Out[101]: 'N'
In [104… s[50]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[104], line 1
----> 1 s[50]
IndexError: string index out of range
Name the function which returns the ASCII code
of a character
'A' --> 65 'a' --> 97
In [105… ord('a') ## character input then ouput is given ascii value
Out[105]: 97
In [106… chr(97) ## ascii value and output is character
Out[106]: 'a'
In [107… wd = "CBSE 2024"
for a in range(2):
print(wd, end = ' ')
CBSE 2024 CBSE 2024
In [108… for a in range(2,5):
print(wd, end = ' ')
CBSE 2024 CBSE 2024 CBSE 2024
In [109… for a in range(0):
print(wd, end = ' ')
## NO OUTPUT
In [110… wd1 = "science"
wd2 = "computer"
wd3 = "Cyber World"
wd4 = "cyber world"
print(wd1.upper())
print(wd1.replace('n','m'))
print(wd3 == wd4)
print(wd2.replace('n', 'm'), wd1)
print(wd3.find('W'))
SCIENCE
sciemce
False
computer science
6
In [111… s1 = "Run for fun"
ln = len(s1)
b = s.isalpha()
s2 = s1.upper()
s3 = s1.capitalize()
print(ln, b, s2, s3)
11 False RUN FOR FUN Run for fun
In [112… S1 = "Computer"
S2 = "Science"
print(S1 + S2) # CONCATENATION
print(S2*3) # REPLICATION
print(S1[1:4]) # SLICING
print(S1 > S2) # COMPARISON
ComputerScience
ScienceScienceScience
omp
False
In [114… s1 = "Vision"
s2 = "2024"
s3 = "vision"
print(s1, s2)
print(len(s2))
print(s1 == s3)
print(s3.upper())
print((s1 + s2).isalnum())
print(s1*2)
Vision 2024
4
False
VISION
True
VisionVision
PROGRAMMING QUESTIONS
1. WAP code to input a sentence. Find and display the following:
(i) Number of words present in the sentence
(ii) Number of letters present in the sentence
In [116… s = input("Enter a string: ")
print("No of words: ", len(s.split()))
print("No of letters: ", len(s) - (len(s.split()) -1) )
No of words: 3
No of letters: 16
2. WAP code to accept a word/a string and display the new string after removing all
the vowles present in it.
SAMPLE INPUT: COMPUTER SCIENCE
SAMPLE OUTPUT: CMPTR SCNC
In [117… s = "COMPUTER SCIENCE"
s_n = ""
for i in s:
if i.upper() in 'AEIOU':
continue
else:
s_n += i
print(s_n)
CMPTR SCNC
In [ ]:
