Conditional Sentences

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Structure: 1-Conditional sentences, types 0, 1 and 2 INTRODUCTION REMEMBER PRACTICE 2- AS LONG AS, PROVIDED (that), UNLESS 3-Conditional sentences type 3 INTRODUCTION REMEMBER PRACTICE 4- Mixed conditionals
1. Conditional sentences, types 0, 1 and 2 INTRODUCTION A. Lets analyse the following statements: 1. If I get up in time, I go swimming. 2. If I get up in time, Ill go swimming. 3. If I got up in time, Id go swimming. (type 0) (type 1) (type 2)

B. Which verb tenses are used in the two parts of each of these sentences? Statement 1: Statement 2: Statement 3: If CLAUSE Simple present MAIN CLAUSE Simple present

C. In the box, write the number of the statement which refers to: MEANING a. An imaginary or unreal event or situation b. A general rule that is always true c. A possible or likely future event or situation STATEMENT

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Read the Remember! section to check your answers

Remember!
Conditional Type 0 (or Zero Conditional) refers to all time, not just the present or future. They express a situation that is always true. If Simple Present + Simple Present
Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

Conditional Sentences

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Conditional Type 1 (or First Conditional) expresses a possible future event or situation and its probable result in the future. We can use the first conditional to express different functions (all of which express a possible condition and a probable result): a threat, a warning, an offer, a promise. If Simple Present + Simple Future We use the Conditional Type 2 (or Second Conditional) to express an imaginary or unreal event or situation. If Simple Past + would +Infinitive Verb Other modal verbs are possible instead of WOULD: COULD I could buy some new clothes if I had more money. MIGHT If I saved a little every week, I might save up for a car.

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PRACTICE
A. Here are some more conditional sentences. Which type are they: 0, 1 or 2? Fill in the box with the corresponding number. The first one has been done as an example. 1. If its possible, I try and combine the two. 2. If the country is wealthy, businesses do well. 3. If the political parties all worked together, we wouldnt have so many problems. 4. Future generations will suffer if we dont do something about it now. 5. If they became extinct, our grandchildren would never know what graceful creatures they were. 6. If you dont look after yourself, no-one else will. 0

B. Type 0 Conditional Sentences. What do you do in these situations? People have their own cures for minor problems, such as headaches, colds, etc. Finish these conditional sentences (type 0) with your own favourite cures. The first one has been done as an example. 1. If I have a headache, I go to bed and sleep for an hour. 2. If I have hiccups, . . . 3. If my nose bleeds, . . .
Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

Conditional Sentences

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4. If I catch a cold, . . . 5. If I cant get to sleep, . . .

C. Type 1 Conditional Sentences. Here are the first parts of sentences spoken by adults trying to persuade or warn children. Finish each of these sentences in different ways. 1. If you watch too much television, . . . 2. If you dont go to bed earlier, . . . 3. If you dont tidy your room this weekend, . . . Make up some more sentences of your own like the previous ones. 1. . . . 2. . . . 3. . . .

D. Type 2 Conditional Sentences: unreal or imaginary situations with probable results. WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF...? What would you do if the building you are in now caught fire? How would you escape from the fire? Work out a route. What things would you try to take with you? Write your answer in the box below. If the building caught fire, I . . .

E. Both types 1 and 2 Conditional Sentences can also be used in bargaining or negotiating situations. For example, children might say to their mother or father: Ill do the washing up if you let me watch the late film. Make up some more sentences of your own. ... ... ... ...
Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

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2. AS LONG AS, PROVIDED (that), UNLESS

... ... ...

1. you have some important news. 2. you spend enough time practising. 3. you dont eat too much.

b. You mustnt call me c. Youll pass your driving test

Now finish these sentences in several different ways. Two possible answers are given for the first one as an example. a. Ill come on holiday with you provided that you dont smoke in the car.
you do your share of the cooking.

b. I wont speak to you again unless . . . c. I ll lend you the money you need as long as . . .
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3.Conditional sentences type 3.

Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

Conditional Sentences

Enseanza Integral de Ingls

B. What verb forms are used in the two parts of these sentences? If CLAUSE ... ... MAIN CLAUSE

C. Now, lets study the difference in meaning between type 3 conditional sentences and the three types introduced earlier in the unit. Think about these examples: My day is pretty boring IF My day will be pretty boring My day would be pretty boring My day would have been pretty boring I dont go out. I dont go out. I didnt go out. I hadnt gone out (0) (1) (2) (3)

Remember! When we talk about a hypothetical situation in the past, type 3 conditional is used. It refers to an idea which is irreversible.
If Past Perfect + would +Perfect Infinitive
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PRACTICE
A. Making excuses. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use up to five words including the word you are given. Do not change this word. Number one has been done as an example. 1. I didnt answer the phone because I didnt know it was you. If had known it was you, I would have answered the phone. had

2. I didnt know you were back from your holiday, so I didnt phone you. I would have phoned you ............................................... you were if back from your holiday. 3. If shed had my address with her, shed have sent me a because postcard. She didnt send me a postcard ...............................................my address with her. been

Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

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4. He forgot to put his watch on thats why he was late. He wouldnt ...............................................he hadnt forgotten to put his watch on. 5. Id have bought you a present, but I forgot when your birthday was. Id have bought you a present ...............................................when your birthday was. if

6. We got in from work really late thats why we didnt come to your party. If we hadnt got in from work so late, ............................................... to your party would

B. MOMENTS OF DECISION Read these short articles and say what you would have done in these situations. MOTORWAY NIGHTMARE
When Jill Frame broke down on the M1 at 2 a.m. last Tuesday, she got out of her mini and went to find a telephone. The nearest one was on the opposite side of the six-lane motorway.

SUPERMARKET MUM
Mother- to- be Sheila Sutton and her friend, Liz Curry, were doing their shopping in the local supermarket. It was a Friday evening and the shop was very busy. Suddenly Sheila realized that her baby was on its way.

Example: ... ... ... ...

If I had been in the middle of the motorway, I would have stopped another car.

C. ON THE SPOT Have you ever been in a difficult situation where you had to make an important decision very quickly? What happened as a result of your quick decision? Think about what would and would not have happened if you had made a different decision. Write three paragraphs following the plan. Use the box below to write your story. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 2 a brief description of the situation and your decision. what the result of your decision was. what would or would not have happened if you had made a different decision.

Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

Conditional Sentences

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...

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PRACTICE
A. Choose the most suitable tense. The first one has been done for you. a. If the machine stops/ will stop, you press/ will press this button. b. I cant understand what he sees in her! If anyone treats/ will treat/treated me like that, I am/will be/ would be extremely angry! c. If you help me/ helped me with this exercise, I will do / would do the same for you one day. d. According to the timetable, if the train leaves/left on time we will/ would arrive at 5:30. e. If it is / it will be fine tomorrow, we go/ will go to the coast. f. If we find/ found a taxi, we will get /would get there before the play starts. g. Its quite simple really. If you take / will take/took these tablets everyday, then you lose/ will lose/ lost/ would lose weight. h. I dont like this flat. I think I am/ I will be/ Id be happier if I live/ will live/ would live/ lived in a house in he country. i. I dont know how to play baseball, but Im sure that if I will/ do/ did, I play/ will play/ would play a lot better than anyone in this awful team!

Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

Conditional Sentences

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j. If I phone/ will phone/ phoned you tonight, are you/ will you be/ would you be in? B. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense. a. Why didnt you phone? If I (know) had known you were coming, I (meet) would have met you at the airport. b. Its a pity you missed the party. If you (come) ........................... , you (meet) . ........................... my friends from Hungary. c. If we (have) ...........................some tools, we (be able) ...........................to repair the car, but we havent got any with us. d. Thank you for your help. If you (not help) ...........................me, I (not pass) ........................... the examination. e. Its a beautiful house, and I (buy) ...........................it if I (have) ...........................the money, but I cant afford it. f. I cant imagine what I (do) ...........................with the money if I (win) ...........................the football pools or a lottery. g. Mark isnt a serious athlete. If he (train) ...........................harder, he (be) ...........................quite a good runner. h. If Claire (listen) ...........................to her mother, she (not marry) ...........................David in the first place. i. It rained every day on our holiday. If we (not take) ...........................the television with us, we (not have) ...........................anything to do. j. Jim is so untidy! If he (buy) ...........................some new clothes, he (not look) ........................... so bad! C. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same. The first one has been done for you. a. I didnt have an umbrella with me and so I got wet. I wouldnt have got wet if I had had an umbrella with me . b. I ll call the police if you dont leave me alone. Unless you . . . c. In the snowy weather we dont go to school. If it . . . d. Without Jacks help, I wouldnt have been able to move the table. If Jack . . .
Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba

Conditional Sentences

Enseanza Integral de Ingls

e. You drink too much coffee, thats why you cant sleep. If you didnt . . . f. You press this button to stop the machine. If . . . g. Make me some coffee, and Ill give you one of my biscuits. If you . . . h. If you hadnt told me about Sues hair, I wouldnt have noticed. Unless . . .

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Prof. Mara Estela Medina Universidad Nacional de Crdoba