Assignments in Mathematics Class IX (Term I) 2.

POLYNOMIALS
IMPOrTANT TerMS, DefINITIONS AND reSuLTS
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An algebraic expression in which the variables involved have only non-negative integral powers is called a polynomial. For example, x2 + 5x 6, x3 7x2 + 11, x5 3x + 2, x2 + 5 , x4 + 5x3 2x2 + 7x 3, etc. are polynomials. In the polynomial 5x3 4x2 + 6x 3, we say that the coefficients of x3, x2 and x are 5, 4 and 6 respectively, and we also say that 3 is the constant term in it. In case of a polynomial in one variable, the highest power of the variable is called the degree of the polynomial. For example, 2x + 3 is a polynomial 3 in x of degree 1, 4x2 x 5 is a polynomial in 2 x of degree 2, and 3x4 5x2 + 1 is a polynomial in x of degree 4. A polynomial of degree 1 is called a linear polynomial. For example, 3x + 5 is a linear polynomial in x. A polynomial of degree 2 is called a quadratic 1 polynomial. For example, x2 + 5x is a quadratic 2 polynomial in x. A polynomial of degree 3 is called a cubic polynomial. For example, 4x3 3x2 + 7x + 1 is a cubic polynomial in x. A polynomial of degree 4 is called a biquadratic polynomial. For example, x 4 3x 3 + 2x 2 + 5x 3 is a biquadratic polynomial in x. A polynomial having one term is called a monomial. Thus, 5x, 7x2, 11x3, 3xy and 2xyz are some examples of monomials in one, two and three variables. A polynomial having two terms is called a binomial. Thus, x + 1, 2x3 + 5, x2 1, x6 + 1, x + y, x2 + y2 are some examples of binomials in one and two variables. A polynomial having three terms is called a trinomial. Thus, x2 3x + 1, x3 7x2 + 11, x + y + z are some examples of trinomials. A polynomial containing one term only, consisting of a constant is called a constant polynomial. 7 , etc. are all constant For example, 3, 5, 8

polynomials. In general, every real number is a constant polynomial. Clearly, the degree of a nonzero constant polynomial is zero.
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A polynomial consisting of one term namely zero only, is called a zero polynomial. The degree of zero polynomial is not defined. Let p(x) be a polynomial. If p() = 0, then we say that is a zero of the polynomial p(x). Finding the zeroes of a polynomial p(x) means solving the equation p(x) = 0

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The constant polynomial has no zero. Every real number is a zero of the zero polynomial. A linear polynomial has one and only one zero. If a polynomial p(x) is divided by d(x) = x a, then the remainder is given by p(a). [degree of p(x) > degree of d(x)]. factor Theorem : Let f(x) be a polynomial of degree n > 1 and let a be any real number. (i) If f(a) = 0, then (x a) is a factor of f(x). (ii) If (x a) is a factor of f(x), then f(a) = 0. Following results are known as identities as they are true for all values of the variables a, b and c. (i) (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 (ii) (a b)2 = a2 2ab + b2 (iii) (a + b) (a b) = a2 b2 (iv) (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca (v) (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b) (vi) (a b)3 = a3 b3 3ab (a b) (vii) a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 ab + b2) (viii) a3 b3 = (a b) (a2 + ab + b2) (ix) a 3 + b 3 + c 3 3abc = (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 ab bc ca)

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TIME -1.5 Hr

Summative aSSeSSment

TEST
[1 Mark]

Multiple ChoiCe Questions

a. important Questions
1. (2x + 5) (2x + 7) is equal to : (a) + 12x + 35 (c) 4x2 + 24x + 35 (a) (x + 3) (x 5) (c) (x + 3) (x + 5) 4x2 (b) + 12x + 35 (d) 4x2 + 24x 35 (b) (x 3) (x + 5) (d) (x 3) (x 5) 2x2 (a) (x 1) (x 2) (x 3) (b) (x + 1) (x 2) (x 3) (c) (x + 1) (x 1) (x 2) (d) (x + 1) (x 1) (x + 2)

2. On factorising x2 + 8x + 15, we get :

3. On dividing x2 2x 15 by (x 5), the quotient is (x + 3) and remainder is 0. Which of the following statements is true ? (a) x2 2x 15 is a multiple of (x 5) (b) x2 2x 15 is a factor of (x 5) (c) (x + 3) is a factor of (x 5) (d) (x + 3) is a multiple of (x 5) 4. The value of the polynomial 3x + x = 0 is : (a) 2 5. x140 + with : x139 (b) 3 + x138 + ......... (c) 4 x2 2x2 4 at

12. Which of the following is a monomial of degree 50 ? (a) 50x (c) 50x 13. 8x40 + 3 is a : (a) monomial of degree 8 (b) monomial of degree 40 (c) binomial of degree 40 (d) binomial of degree 3 14. If (x 2) is a factor of the polynomial x4 2x3 + ax 1, then the value of a is : (a) 1 15. If x (a) 11 (a) 1 1 x (b) 0
2

(b) x50 + 50 (d) 50 x 50

(d) 4

+ x + 1 is a polynomial

(c) 1

1 2

(d)

1 2

(a) infinite terms (c) 141 terms (a) 12 (b) 2

(b) 140 terms (d) 139 terms (c) 2 (d) 12

6. The coefficient of x in (x + 5) (x 7) is : 7. The remainder when x3 px2 + 6x p is divided by x p is : (a) p (b) 5p (c) 5p (d) 5p2 8. If (y p) is a factor of y6 py5 + y4 py3 + 3y p 2, then the value of p is : (a) 1 (a) (b) (c) (d) (b) 2
2

= 3 , then x + 2 is : x (b) 75 (c) 10 x0 in 5x2 (b) 5 x2 (c) 0 3x 4, we get :

(d) 5 (d) 3

16. The coefficient of 17. On factorising

7x 3 is :

(a) (x 4) (x + 1) (c) (x + 4) (x 1) (a) 3 x2 (b) 2x

(b) (x 4) (x 1) (d) (x + 4) (x + 1) (c) 0 (d) 6

18. If p(x) = x + 3, then p(x) + p(x) is equal to : 19. If + kx + 6 = (x + 2) (x + 3) for all x, then the value of k is : (a) 1 x2 (b) 1 2 2 2 x
3 3x 2

(c) 3 + 3ab + 3b

(d) 1

9. On factorising a 3 + 3 3b3 , we get :

(a + 3b)(a

(a + 3b)(a2 (a + 3b)(a2 ( 3a + b)(a2

(b) 1

) 3ab + 3b ) 3ab 3b ) 3ab + 3b )

2 2 2 2

(c) 5

(d) 3

20. Which one of the following is a polynomial ? (a) (b) 2x 1 x 1 x +1

(c) x 2 + (d) 2520

10. The value of 73 + 83 153 is : (a) 0 (c) 840 11. On factorising x3 2x2 x + 2, we get :

(d)

21. Degree of the polynomial 4x4 + 0x3 + 0x5 + 5x + 7 is : (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 7

22. If p(x) = x2 2 2x + 1, then p 2 2 is equal to : (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 4 2 (d) 8 2 + 1 23. If x 1 is a factor of mx 2 2 x + 1 , then the value of m is : (a) 2 (b) 2 +1 (c) 1 + x2 (d) 2 1 24. If x 1 is a factor of value of m is : (a) 0 (b) 1 2x3 4x + m, then the (d) 1

( )

32. On factorising x 2 + m + (a) (x + m) (x m) (c) ( x + m) x +

x + 1, we get :
m 1

(b) x +

( x m)
1

(d) ( x m) x

33. The coefficient of y in (x + y + z)2 is : (a) 2x (c) x + z 34. On factorising x 2 + a (a) x + x b a (c) x x b (b) 2z (d) 2x + 2z

(c) 2

25. On factorising x2 + y2 + 2 (xy + yz + zx), we get : (a) (x + y) (x + y + z) (b) (x + y + z)2 (c) (x + y) (x + y + 2z) (d) (x + y) (x + y + z)2 26. The value of a for which (x + a) is a factor of x3 + ax2 3x + 16 + a is : (a) 4 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 2 27. When p(x) is divided by ax b, then the remainder is : (a) p(a + b) (b) p (d) y)3 b a

b + x + 1, we get : b a a b (b) x + x + a b (d) (x + ab) (x ab)

b
b a

2 is : 35. One of the factors of 2 2 2 x y (a) 1 + (c) 1 xy (b) 1 1 1 xy

b (c) p a
28. (x + (a) y)3 (x + 2(x3 3x2y)

b a

is equal to : (b) 2(y3 + 3x2y) (d) 2(y3 3x2y)

(c) 2(x3 3xy2)

(d) all the above xy 36. If ab = 5 and a b = 2, then the value of a3 b3 is equal to : 2 1 + (a) 10
1 1

29. If p(x) = q(x) g(x) + r(x), r(x) 0, where p(x), q(x), g(x), and r(x) are polynomials, then : (a) degree of r(x) = degree of g(x) (b) degree of r(x) > degree of g(x) (c) degree of r(x) < degree of g(x) (d) degree of r(x) = 0 30. On factorising x4 + y4 + x2y2, we get : (a) (x2 + y2 + xy)2 (b) (x2 + y2 + xy) (x2 + y2 xy) (c) (1 + x2 + y2) (1 x2 y2) (d) (x2 y2 + xy) (x2 y2 xy) 31. The value of (x y)3 + (y z)3 + (z x)3 is : (a) xyz (b) 3xyz (c) (x y) (y z) (z x) (d) 3(x y) (y z) (z x)

(b) 38
1

(c) 38

(d) 76

37. If x 2 + y 2 z 2 = 0, then the value of (x + y z)2 is : (a) 2xy (b) 2yz x3 + y3 (c) 4xz (d) 4xy 38. The value of is : (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) cannot be determined 39. The coefficient of x2 in (3x2 + 2x 4) (x2 3x 2) is : (a) 2 40. The value of is : (b) 16 (c) 16 (d) 8 + 9xy 27, if x = 3 y

(x

( x y )3 + ( y z )3 + ( z x)3
2

y2

) + (y
3

z2

) + (z
3

x2

(a) (x y) (y z) (z x) 1 (b) ( x y )( y z )( z x ) (c)

( x + y )( y + z )( z + x )

(d) (x + y) (y + z) (z + x)

2 47. One of the zeroes of the polynomial 2x2 + 7x 4 is : (d) 2 2 2 48. If x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial 2x2 + kx, then the value of k is : (a) 2 (b) (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 2 49. x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial : (a) x3 + x2 x + 1 (b) x3 + x2 + x + 1 (c) x4 + x3 + x2 + 1 (d) x4 + 3x3 + 3x2 + x + 1 1 50. If 49 x 2 b = 7 x + 7 x 2 of b is : (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1 2 1 (c) 1

(a) 1

(b) 1

(c) 0

(d)

41. One of the factors of (25x2 1) + (1 + 5x)2 is : (a) 5 + x (b) 5 x 42. The value of (a) 12 2492 (b) 477 (c) 5x 1 2482 is : (d) 497 (c) 487 (d) 10x

43. The factorisation of 4x2 + 8x + 3 is : (a) (x + 1) (x + 3) (c) (2x + 2) (2x + 5) (b) (2x + 1) (2x + 3) (d) (2x 1) (2x 3)

44. Which of the following is a factor of (x + y)3 (x3 + y3) ? (a) (c) x2 + y2 + 2xy (b) x2 + y2 xy xy2 (d) 3xy

, then the value

(d) 1

45. The coefficient of x in the expansion of (x + 3)3 is : (a) 1 46. If x y + y x (b) 9 (c) 18 (d) 27

= 1 (x, y 0), then the value of x3 y3

4 2 2 3 + b3 + c3 is equal to : 51. If a + b + c = 0, then a (a) 0 (b) abc (c) 3abc (d) 2abc

is :

B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. If a polynomial f(x) is divided by x a, then remainder is : [T-I (2010)] (a) f(0) (c) f(a) (b) f(a) (d) f(a) f(0) (b) 3(2a b)(b 2c)(c a) (c) 6(2a b)(b 2c)(c a) (d) 2a b 2c 7. In which of the following (x + 2) is a factor ? [T-I (2010)] (a) (c) 4x3 4x3 13x + 6 + 13x 25 (b) (b) x3 + x2 +x+4 2x3 + x2 x 19 [T-I (2010)] (a) 12 x1/3 (b) 31 y1/3 z1/3 (c) 21 (d) 22 9. If + + = 0, then which one of the following expressions is correct ? [T-I (2010)] (a) x3 + y3 + z3 = 0 (b) x + y + z = 3x1/3y1/3z1/3 (c) x + y + z = 3xyz (d) x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz 10. (x + 2) is a factor of 2x3 + 5x2 x k. The value of k is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 6 (b) 24 (c) 6 (d) 24

2. The coefficient of x in the product of (x 1)(1 2x) is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 3 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1 [T-I (2010)] (a) x + 1 (b) x2 1 (c) x 1 (d) x + 4 [T-I (2010)] (a) 17 (b) 10 (c) 3 (x2 (d) 17 1) is : [T-I (2010)] (a) x2 1 (b) x + 1 b)3 (c) x 1 + (b 2c)3 (d) x + 4 + 8(c [T-I (2010)] a)3 6. The factors of (2a is : 5. One of the factors of (x 1) 4. The coefficient of x2 in (2 3x2)(x2 5) is : 3. One of the factors of (x3 1) (x 1) is :

8. If P(x) = 7 3x + 2x2, then value of P(2) is :

(a) (2a b)(b 2c)(c a)

1 11. The coefficient of x2 in (3x + x3) x + is : x [T-I (2010)] (a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 2 12. What is the remainder when x3 2x2 + x + 1 is divided by (x 1)? [T-I (2010)] (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 2 x x2 2 13. If p ( x) = 2 + + x , then p(1) is : 2 3 [T-I (2010)] (a) 15 6 (b) 17 6 (c) 1 6 (d) 13 6

21. a2 + b2 + c2 ab bc ca equals : [T-I (2010)] (a) (a + b + (d) c)2 (b) (a b c)2 (c) (a b + c)2 1 [(a b)2 + (b c)2 + (c a)2 ] 2 22. If x51 + 51 is divided by (x + 1), the remainder is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 0 23. (b) 1 (c) 49 (d) 50 2 is a polynomial of degree : (a) 2 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d)

14. Zero of the polynomial p(x) where p(x) = ax, a 0 is : [T-I (2010)] 1 (a) 1 (b) a (c) 0 (d) a 15. Which of the following is a polynomial in x ? [T-I (2010)] (a) x + 1 x (b) x 2 + x

1 2 24. Which of the following is a polynomial in one variable ? [T-I (2010)] (a) 3 x2 + x (c) x3 + y3 + 7 (b) 3x + 4 1 x 25. The value of p for which x + p is a factor of x2 + px + 3 p is : [T-I (2010)] (d) x + (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 3 [T-I (2010)] (a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 2 x y 27. If + = 1,( x, y 0), the value of x3 y3 is : y x [T-I (2010)] (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1/2 (d) 0 28. (1 + 3x)3 is an example of : [T-I (2010)] (a) monomial (b) binomial (c) trinomial (d) none of these 29. Degree of zero polynomial is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) any natural number (d) not defined 30. The coefficient of x2 in (3x2 5)(4 + 4x2) is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 12 (b) 5 (c) 8 (d) 8 31. One of the factors of (16y2 1) + (1 4y)2 is : [T-I (2010)] (a) (4 + y) (b) (4 y) (c) (4y + 1) (d) 8y 32. If x2 + kx + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3) for all x, the value of k is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 5 (d) 3 33. Zero of the zero polynomial is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) any real number (d) not defined 34. If (x 1) is a factor of p(x) = x2 + x + k, then value of k is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 1 26. The degree of the polynomial p(x) = 3 is :

(d) 3 x + 1 (c) x + 2 x 2 + 1 2 + 2x + 1 is divided by 16. The remainder when x (x + 1) is : [T-I (2010)] (a) 4 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2 1 1 2 1 17. Product of x x + x + 2 is : x x x [T-I (2010)] (a) x 4 (c) x 4 1 x4 1
4

(b) x 3 + (d) x 2 +

1 x3 1

+2 x x2 18. Which of the following is a binomial in y ? [T-I (2010)] 1 (a) y 2 + 2 (b) y + + 2 y (c) y + 2y (d) y y + 1

19. The remainder obtained when the polynomial p(x) is divided by (b ax) is : [T-I (2010)] b a (b) p (a) p a b b (c) p a a (d) p b [T-I (2010)] (a) x3 +1 (b) x3 + x2 +x (c) x x + x + 1 (d) x3 + 2x

20. Which of the following is a trinomial in x ?

short Answer type Questions

a. important Questions
1. Find the remainder when 4x3 3x2 + 2x 4 is divided by x + 2. 2. Write whether the following statements are true or false : In each case justify your answer. (i) 1 5 x 2 + 1 is a polynomial
3 1

[2 Marks]

6. Give an example of a polynomial which is : (i) monomial of degree 1 (ii) binomial of degree 20 7. Find the value of a, if x + a is a factor of the polynomial x4 a2x2 + 3x 6a. 8. Find the value of the polynomial at the indicated value of variable p ( x ) = 3 x 2 4 x + 11, at x = 2. 9. Find p(1), p(2) for the polynomial p(x) = (x + 2) (x 2). 10. Show that x + 3 is a factor of 69 + 11x x2 + x3. 11. If (x + 1) is a factor of ax3 + x2 2x + 4a 9, find the value of a. 12. Verify that 1 is not a zero of the polynomial 4y4 3y3 + 2y2 5y + 1. 13. Factorise : (i) x2 + 9x + 18 14. Expand : (i) (4a b + 2c)2 15. Factorise : a 3 2 2b3 (ii) (x + 2y 3z)2 (ii) 2x2 7x 15

(ii)

6 x+x 2 x

is a polynomial, x 0.

3. Write the degree of each of the following polynomials : (i) x5 x4 + 2x2 1 (iii) 2x (ii) 6 x2 (iv) 5 5 4. Find the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = x2 5x + 6. x3 + 2 x + 1 7 2 5. For the polynomial x x5 , 5 2 write : (i) the degree of the polynomial (ii) the coefficient of x3 (iii) the coefficient of x6 (iv) the constant term

B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. Evaluate using suitable identity (999)3. [T-I (2010)] 2. Factorise : 3x2 x 4. [T-I (2010)] 3. Using factor theorem, show that (x + 1) is a factor of x19 + 1. [T-I (2010)] 4. Without actually calculating the cubes, find the value of 303 + 203 503. [T-I (2010)] 5. Evaluae (104)3 using suitable identity. [T-I (2010)] 6. F i n d t h e v a l u e o f t h e p o l y n o m i a l p ( z ) = 3 z 2 4 z + 17 when z = 3. [T-I (2010)] 7. Check whether the polynomial t + 1 is a factor of 4t3 + 4t2 t 1. [T-I (2010)] x 1 8. Factorise : x 2 + . 4 8 [T-I (2010)] 9. Factorise : 27 p3 1 9 1 p2 + p. 216 2 4 [T-I (2010)] 11. If x 2 + 1 x2 = 38, then find the value of

1 x . x

[T-I (2010)]

12. Check whether the polynomial 3x 1 is a factor of 9x3 3x2 + 3x 1. [T-I (2010)] 1 1 1 13. Find the product of x , x + , x 2 + 2 x x x 4 1 and x + 4 . [T-I (2010)] x 14. Using factor theorem, show that (2x + 1) is a factor of 2x3 + 3x2 11x 6. [T-I (2010)] 15. Check whether (x + 1) is a factor of x3 + x + x2 + 1. [T-I (2010)] 16. Find the value of a if (x 1) is a factor of 2 x 2 + ax + 2 . 17. Factorise : 7 2 x 2 10 x 4 2 . [T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)]

10. If 2x + 3y = 8 and xy = 4, then find the value of 4x2 + 9y2. [T-I (2010)]

18. If a + b + c = 7 and ab + bc + ca = 20, find the [T-I (2010)] value of a2 + b2 + c2.

19. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax3 x2 + x + 4, find the value of a : [T-I (2010)]

20. Check whether the polynomial p(s) = 3s3 + s2 20s + 12 is a multiple of 3s 2. [T-I (2010)] 21. Factorise : 125x3 + 27y3. [T-I (2010)]

short Answer type Questions

a. important Questions
1. Check whether p(x) is a multiple of g(x) or not, where p(x) = x3 x + 1, g(x) = 2 3x. 2. Check whether g(x) is a factor of p(x) or not, where : x 1 p(x) = 8x3 6x2 4x + 3, g(x) = 3 4 3. Using factor theorem show that x y is a factor of x (y2 z2) + y (z2 x2) + z (x2 y2). 4. Find the value of a, if x a is a factor of x3 ax2 + 2x + a 1. 5. Find the value of the polynomial 3x3 4x2 + 7x 5, when x = 3 and also when x = 3.

[3 Marks]

6. Find the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = (x 2)2 (x + 2)2. 7. What must be added to x3 3x2 12x + 19 so that the result is exactly divisible by x2 + x 6 ? 8. Using suitable identity, evaluate the following : (i) 1033 (ii) 101 102 (iii) 9992 9. Factorise : 16x 2 + 4y2 + 9z 2 16xy 12yz + 24xz 10. If x + y + z = 9 and xy + yz + zx = 26, find x2 + y2 + z 2. 11. Find the following product : (2x y + 3z) (4x2 + y2 + 9z2 + 2xy + 3yz 6xz).

B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. Find the value of x3 + y3 12xy + 64 when x + y = 4. [T-I (2010)] 2. If x = 2y + 6, then find the value of x3 8y3 36xy 216. [T-I (2010)] 3. Factorise : 27(x + y)3 8(x y)3. [T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)] 5. If 2a = 3 + 2b, prove that = 27. 8a3 36ab [T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)] 1 y 7. Expand : (a) + x 3
3

12. If x =

1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = 27x3 3 ax2 x + 3, then find the value of a. [T-I (2010)]

4. Factorise : (x 2y)3 + (2y 3z)3 + (3z x)3. 8b3

13. Factorise : 64a3 27b3 144a2b + 108ab2. [T-I (2010)] 14. Simplify : (a + b + + (a b + c) 2 2. + (a + b c) [T-I (2010)] 1 1 15. If x + = 9, then find the value of x 3 + 3 . x x [T-I (2010)] 16. Factorise : 4(x2 + 1)2 + 13(x2 + 1) 12. [T-I (2010)] 17. Factorise : x 2 + 2 + 2 2x . x x
2

c) 2

6. If a b = 7, a2 + b2 = 85, find a3 b3. 1 (b) 4 . 3x [T-I (2010)] 8. The polynomials kx3 + 3x2 8 and 3x3 5x + k are divided by x + 2. If the remainder in each case is the same, find the value of k. [T-I (2010)] 9. Find the values of a and b so that the polynomial x3 + 10x2 + ax + b has (x 1) and (x + 2) as factors. [T-I (2010)] 10. Factorise : 8x3 + y3 + 27z3 18xyz. [T-I (2010)] 11. If a2 + b2 + c2 = 90 and a + b + c = 20, then find the value of ab + bc + ca. [T-I (2010)]
3

[T-I (2010)]

18. Determine whether (3x 2) is a factor of [T-I (2010)] 3x3 + x2 20x + 12 ? 2 2 19. Simplify : x y x + y . 3 3
3 3

[T-I (2010)]

20. Factorise : (2x y z)3 + (2y z x)3 + (2z x y)3. [T-I (2010)]

21. If a + b = 11, a2 + b2 = 61, find a3 + b3. [T-I (2010)] 22. a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 30 and a + b + c = 10, then find the value of ab + bc + ca. [T-I (2010)] 23. Using suitable identity evaluate : (42)3 (18)3 (24)3 . [T-I (2010)]

36. Factorise : 2x3 x2 13x 6.

[T-I (2010)]

37. Factorise : a3(b c)3 + b3(c a)3 + c3(a b)3. [T-I (2010)] 38. If p = 4 q, prove that p3 + q3 + 12pq = 64. [T-I (2010)] 39. Find the value of k so that 2x 1 be a factor of 8x4 + 4x3 16x2 + 10x + k. [T-I (2010)] 40. What are the possible expressions for the dimensions of the cuboids whose volume is given below ? Volume = 12ky2 + 8ky 20k. [T-I (2010)]

24. Find the values of p and q, if the polynomial x4 + px3 + 2x2 3x + q is divisible by the polynomial x2 1. [T-I (2010)] 25. Simplify (x + y + z)2 (x + y z)2. [T-I (2010)] 26. Factorise 9x2 + y2 + z2 6xy + 2yz 6zx. Hence find its value if x = 1, y = 2 and z = 1. [T-I (2010)] 27. Find the value of = 2. a3 + b3 + 6ab 8 when a + b [T-I (2010)] x)3

41. If the polynomial P(x) = x4 2x3 + 3x2 ax + 8 is divided by (x 2), it leaves a remainder 10. Find the value of a : [T-I (2010)] 42. Without finding the cubes, find the value of : 1 1 7 + . 4 3 12
3 3 3

28. If x + y + z = 9, then find the value of (3 + (3 y)3 + (3 z)3 3(3 x)(3 y)(3 z).

[T-I (2010)]

[T-I (2010)] 29. If x 3 is a factor of x2 kx + 12, then find the value of k. Also, find the other factor for this value of k. [T-I (2010)] 30. Find the value of x3 + y3 + 9xy 27, if x + y = 3. [T-I (2010)] 31. If a + b + c = 6, then find the value of (2 + (2 b)3 + (2 c)3 3(2 a)(2 b)(2 c). a)3

43. Simplify : (a + b + c)2 (a b c)2. [T-I (2010)] 44. Factorise (x 3y)3 + (3y 7z)3 + (7z x)3. [T-I (2010)] 45. Factorise : 2 2 a3 + 8b3 27c3 + 18 2 abc. [T-I (2010)] 46. Factorise : x6 y6. [T-I (2010)] 1 47. If both (x 2) and x are factors of 2 2 + 5x + r, show that p = r. px [T-I (2010)] 48. Find the value of a if (x + a) is a factor of x4 a2x2 + 3x a. [T-I (2010)] 49. Factorise by splitting the middle term : 9(x 2y)2 4(x 2y) 13. [T-I (2010)]

[T-I (2010)] 32. If a2 + b2 + c2 = 250 and ab + bc + ca = 3, find a + b + c. [T-I (2010)] 33. If x + 1 1 3 = 7, then find the value of x + 3 . x x [T-I (2010)] 34. If x 1 1 3 = 3, then find the value of x 3 . x x [T-I (2010)] 35. If ax3 + bx2 + x 6 has (x + 2) as a factor and leaves a remainder 4 when divided by x 2, find the values of a and b. [T-I (2010)]

50. Find the remainder obtained on dividing 1 2 x 4 3 x 3 5 x 2 + x + 1 by x . 2 [T-I (2010)]

long Answer type Questions

a. important Questions
1. If (x + 2) is a factor of factorise it. x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20, then

[4 Marks]

4. Without actual division prove that (x 2) is a factor of the polynomial 3x3 13x2 + 8x + 12. Also, factorise it completely. 5. If a, b, c are all non-zero and a + b + c = 0, prove a 2 b2 c2 + + = 3. that bc ac ab 6. Prove that (a + b + c) 3 a 3 b 3 c 3 = 3 (a + b) (b + c) (c + a). 7. If a + b + c = 5 and ab + bc + ca = 10, then prove that a3 + b3 + c3 3abc = 25.

2. If the polynomials ax3 + 4x2 + 3x 4 and x3 4x + a leave the same remainder when divided by x 3, find the value of a. 3. The polynomial p(x) = x4 2x3 + 3x2 ax + 3a 7 when divided by x + 1, leaves the remainder 19. Find the value of a. Also, find the remainder when p(x) is divided by x + 2.

B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. Verify : x 3 + y3 + z 3 3 xy = 1 ( x + y + z) 2 [( x y)2 + ( y z )2 + ( z x )2 ]. [T-I (2010)] 12. Find the value of (x a)3 + (x b)3 + (x c)3 3(x a)(x b)(x c), if a + b + c = 3x. [T-I (2010)] 13. Simplify by factorisation method : 9 2 3x x x3 ax2
2

2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2. Simplify : (a b ) + (b c ) + (c a ) . 3 3 3 ( a b) + (b c ) + ( c a)

[T-I (2010)]

[T-I (2010)] 3. Prove that : 2x3 + 2y3 + 2z3 6xyz = (x + y + z) [(x y)2 + (y z)2 + (z x)2]. Hence evaluate 2(7)3 + 2(9)3 + 2(13)3 6(7) (9) (13). T-I (2010)] 4. Using factor theorem show that x2 + 5x + 6 is factor of x4 + 5x3 + 9x2 + 15x + 18. [T-I (2010)] 5. Prove that ( x + y + z ) [( x y)2 + ( y z)2 ] = 2( x 3 + y3 + z 3 3 xyz ) [T-I (2010)] 6. The polynomials p(x) = ax3 + 4x2 + 3x 4 and q(x) = x3 4x + a leave the same remainder when divided by x 3. Find the remainder when p(x) is divided by (x 2). [T-I (2010)] 7. If both (x + 2) and (2x + 1) are factors of + 2x + b, prove that a b = 0. [T-I (2010)] ax2

3 x2 + bx + 3 leaves a remainder 14. If p(x) = 19 when divided by (x + 2) and a remainder 17 when divided by (x 2), prove that a + b = 6. [T-I (2010)] 15. The volume of a cube is given by the polynomial p(x) = x3 6x2 + 12x 8. Find the possible expressions for the sides of the cube. Verify the truth of your answer when the length of cube is 3 cm. [T-I (2010)] 16. Using factor theorem, factorise the polynomial : x4 + 3x3 + 2x2 3x 3. [T-I (2010)] 17. Factorise a7 + ab6. x4 + 2x3 7x2 8x + 12. [T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)] 18. Using factor theorem, factorise the polynomial. 19. Without actual division, show that the polynomial 2x4 5x3 + 2x2 x + 2 is exactly divisible by x2 3x + 2. [T-I (2010)] 20. If x and y be two positive real numbers such that 8x3 + 27y3 = 730 and 2x2y + 3xy2 = 15, then evaluate 2x + 3y. [T-I (2010)] 21. Factorise : (x2 2x)2 2(x2 2x) 3. 22. If x 2 + 1 [T-I (2010)] = 51, find (ii) x 3 1 x3 . [T-I (2010)]

8. Simplify by factorisation method : 6 2 2x x2 [T-I (2010)] . 2 x2 9. Show that (x 1) is a factor of P(x) = 3x3 x2 3x + 1 and hence factorise P(x). [T-I (2010)] 10. The polynomials x3 + 2x2 5ax 8 and x3 + ax2 12x 6 when divided by (x 2) and (x 3) leave remaindens p and q respectively. If q p = 10, find the value of a. [T-I (2010)] 11. Prove that (x + = 8y3. y)3 (x y)3 [T-I (2010)] 6y(x2 y 2) 9

x2 1 (i) x x

23. Find the values of m and n so that the polynomial f(x) = x3 6x2 + mx n is exactly divisible by (x 1) as well as (x 2). [T-I (2010)] 24. Factorise : x8 y8. x4 [T-I (2010)] 25. Without actual division prove that + 2x3 2x2 2 + 2x 3. + 2x 3 is exactly divisible by x [T-I (2010)] 26. Factorise : a12x4 a4x12. [T-I (2010)] 27. Without actual division, prove that the polynomial 2x4 5x3 + 2x2 x + 2 is exactly divisible by x2 3x + 2. [T-I (2010)] 28. Factorise : (x2 3x)2 8(x2 3x) 20. [T-I (2010)]

34. Factorise : 27a3 +

27a2 9a + . 3 4b 16b2 64b [T-I (2010)] 35. Find the values of a and b so that (x + 1) and (x 2) are factors of (x3 + ax2 + 2x + b). [T-I (2010)] 1 + 36. W i t h o u t a c t u a l d i v i s i o n , p r o v e t h a t (2 x 4 6 x 3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x 2) is exactly divisible by [T-I (2010)] ( x 2 3 x + 2).

37. Simplify : (5a + 3b)3 (5a 3b)3. [T-I (2010)] 38. Find the value of a if (x a) is a factor of x5 a2x3 + 2x + a + 3, hence factorise x2 2ax 3. [T-I (2010)] 39. The polynomial ax3 + 3x2 3 and 2x3 5x + a when divided by x 4 leave the same remainder in each case. Find the value of a. [T-I (2010)] 40. Factorise : 3u3 4u2 12u + 16. [T-I (2010)] 1 1 41. If x + = 5 , then evaluate x 6 + 6 . x x [T-I (2010)] 42. Without actual division, prove that 2x4 8x.3 + 3x2 + 12x 9 is exactly divisible by x2 4x + 3. [T-I (2010)] 43. If f(x) = x4 2x3 + 3x2 ax + b is divided by (x 1) and (x + 1), it leaves the remainders 5 and 19 respectively. Find a and b. [T-I (2010)]

29. The polynomial p(x) = x4 2x3 + 3x2 ax + 3a 7 when divided by (x + 1), leaves the remainder 19. Find the value of a. Also, find the remainder, when p(x) is divided by x + 2. [T-I (2010)] 30. Find the values of a and b so that (x + 1) and (x 1) are factors of x4 + ax3 3x2 + 2x + b. [T-I (2010)] 31. Multiply 9x2 + 25y2 + 15xy + 12x 20y + 16 by 3x 5y 4 using suitable identity. [T-I (2010)] 32. If x2 3x + 2 is a factor of x4 ax2 + b then find a and b. [T-I (2010)] 33. Without actual division show that x4 + 2x3 2x2 + 2x 3 is exactly divisible by x2 + 2x 3. [T-I (2010)]